Why architects need to use their ears - Julian Treasure
you
you
it's<00:00:16.560> time<00:00:16.890> to<00:00:17.130> start<00:00:17.370> designing<00:00:17.820> for<00:00:18.570> our
it's time to start designing for our
it's time to start designing for our
ears<00:00:20.240> architects<00:00:21.240> and<00:00:21.420> designers<00:00:21.570> tend<00:00:22.080> to
ears architects and designers tend to
ears architects and designers tend to
focus<00:00:22.410> exclusively<00:00:22.710> on<00:00:23.340> these<00:00:23.790> they<00:00:24.029> use
focus exclusively on these they use
focus exclusively on these they use
these<00:00:24.480> to<00:00:24.660> design<00:00:24.960> with<00:00:25.380> and<00:00:25.650> they<00:00:25.980> designed
these to design with and they designed
these to design with and they designed
for<00:00:26.640> them<00:00:26.850> which<00:00:27.240> is<00:00:27.270> why<00:00:27.570> we<00:00:27.750> end<00:00:27.990> up<00:00:28.169> sitting
for them which is why we end up sitting
for them which is why we end up sitting
in<00:00:28.590> restaurants<00:00:29.189> that<00:00:29.340> look<00:00:29.520> like<00:00:29.700> this<00:00:29.910> and
in restaurants that look like this and
in restaurants that look like this and
sound<00:00:30.779> like<00:00:30.960> this<00:00:31.169> shouting<00:00:31.740> from<00:00:31.950> a<00:00:32.099> foot
sound like this shouting from a foot
sound like this shouting from a foot
away
away
away
by<00:00:33.780> our<00:00:33.960> dinner<00:00:34.140> companion<00:00:34.800> or<00:00:35.130> why<00:00:35.490> we<00:00:35.640> get<00:00:35.820> on
by our dinner companion or why we get on
by our dinner companion or why we get on
airplanes<00:00:36.270> which<00:00:36.960> constitute<00:00:37.410> an<00:00:37.680> alien
airplanes which constitute an alien
airplanes which constitute an alien
powers<00:00:38.250> somebody<00:00:39.180> talking<00:00:39.570> through<00:00:39.720> an
powers somebody talking through an
powers somebody talking through an
old-fashioned<00:00:40.440> telephone<00:00:40.650> handset<00:00:41.520> are<00:00:41.970> a
old-fashioned telephone handset are a
old-fashioned telephone handset are a
cheap<00:00:42.360> stereo<00:00:42.780> system<00:00:43.290> making<00:00:43.830> us<00:00:44.040> jump<00:00:44.070> out
cheap stereo system making us jump out
cheap stereo system making us jump out
of<00:00:44.520> our<00:00:44.730> skin<00:00:45.380> we're<00:00:46.380> designing<00:00:46.650> environments
of our skin we're designing environments
of our skin we're designing environments
that<00:00:47.580> make<00:00:47.760> us<00:00:47.940> crazy<00:00:48.710> and<00:00:49.710> it's<00:00:49.860> not<00:00:50.040> just<00:00:50.340> our
that make us crazy and it's not just our
that make us crazy and it's not just our
quality<00:00:50.879> of<00:00:50.910> life<00:00:51.000> which<00:00:51.480> suffers<00:00:51.900> it's<00:00:52.650> our
quality of life which suffers it's our
quality of life which suffers it's our
health<00:00:53.160> our<00:00:53.720> social<00:00:54.720> behavior<00:00:55.170> and<00:00:55.410> our
health our social behavior and our
health our social behavior and our
productivity<00:00:56.520> as<00:00:56.910> well<00:00:57.230> how<00:00:58.230> does<00:00:58.290> this<00:00:58.500> work
productivity as well how does this work
productivity as well how does this work
well<00:00:59.340> two<00:00:59.670> ways<00:00:59.850> first<00:01:00.180> of<00:01:00.390> all<00:01:00.510> ambience<00:01:01.230> I
well two ways first of all ambience I
well two ways first of all ambience I
have<00:01:01.620> a<00:01:01.650> whole<00:01:01.830> TED<00:01:02.129> talk<00:01:02.370> about<00:01:02.640> this<00:01:02.850> sound
have a whole TED talk about this sound
have a whole TED talk about this sound
effects<00:01:04.110> us<00:01:04.369> physiologically
effects us physiologically
effects us physiologically
psychologically<00:01:06.420> cognitively<00:01:07.140> and
psychologically cognitively and
psychologically cognitively and
behaviorally<00:01:08.400> all<00:01:08.550> the<00:01:08.880> time<00:01:09.090> the<00:01:09.300> sound
behaviorally all the time the sound
behaviorally all the time the sound
around<00:01:09.750> us<00:01:09.990> is<00:01:10.140> affecting<00:01:10.560> us<00:01:10.710> even<00:01:11.250> though
around us is affecting us even though
around us is affecting us even though
we're<00:01:11.490> not<00:01:11.580> conscious<00:01:12.060> of<00:01:12.210> it<00:01:12.360> there's<00:01:13.320> a
we're not conscious of it there's a
we're not conscious of it there's a
second<00:01:13.800> way<00:01:13.920> though<00:01:14.070> as<00:01:14.100> well<00:01:14.399> that's
second way though as well that's
second way though as well that's
interference<00:01:16.310> communication<00:01:17.310> requires
interference communication requires
interference communication requires
sending<00:01:18.210> and<00:01:18.390> receiving<00:01:19.259> and<00:01:19.649> I<00:01:20.610> have<00:01:20.790> another
sending and receiving and I have another
sending and receiving and I have another
whole<00:01:21.690> TED<00:01:21.899> talk<00:01:22.110> about<00:01:22.320> the<00:01:22.440> importance<00:01:22.770> of
whole TED talk about the importance of
whole TED talk about the importance of
conscious<00:01:23.340> listening<00:01:24.060> but<00:01:24.690> I<00:01:24.720> can<00:01:25.020> send<00:01:25.320> as
conscious listening but I can send as
conscious listening but I can send as
well<00:01:25.619> as<00:01:25.710> I<00:01:25.740> like<00:01:26.009> and<00:01:26.280> you<00:01:26.580> can<00:01:26.729> be<00:01:26.850> brilliant
well as I like and you can be brilliant
well as I like and you can be brilliant
conscious<00:01:27.660> listeners<00:01:28.140> if<00:01:28.380> the<00:01:29.130> space<00:01:29.460> i'm
conscious listeners if the space i'm
conscious listeners if the space i'm
sending<00:01:30.270> in<00:01:30.450> is<00:01:30.690> not<00:01:31.200> effective<00:01:32.160> that
sending in is not effective that
sending in is not effective that
communication<00:01:33.330> can't<00:01:33.540> happen<00:01:34.399> spaces<00:01:35.399> tend
communication can't happen spaces tend
communication can't happen spaces tend
to<00:01:35.759> include<00:01:36.060> noise<00:01:36.479> and<00:01:36.899> acoustics<00:01:37.590> a<00:01:37.740> room
to include noise and acoustics a room
to include noise and acoustics a room
like<00:01:38.069> this<00:01:38.130> has<00:01:38.490> oku<00:01:38.789> sticks<00:01:39.090> this<00:01:39.360> one<00:01:39.539> very
like this has oku sticks this one very
like this has oku sticks this one very
good<00:01:40.289> acoustics<00:01:40.920> many<00:01:41.520> rooms<00:01:41.789> are<00:01:42.060> not<00:01:42.270> so
good acoustics many rooms are not so
good acoustics many rooms are not so
good<00:01:42.690> let<00:01:43.259> me<00:01:43.350> give<00:01:43.470> you<00:01:43.560> some<00:01:43.740> examples<00:01:43.830> from
good let me give you some examples from
good let me give you some examples from
a<00:01:44.850> couple<00:01:45.000> of<00:01:45.119> areas<00:01:45.300> which<00:01:45.539> I<00:01:45.660> think<00:01:45.840> we<00:01:45.929> all
a couple of areas which I think we all
a couple of areas which I think we all
care<00:01:46.289> about<00:01:46.319> health<00:01:47.280> and<00:01:47.580> education<00:01:48.420> when<00:01:49.020> I
care about health and education when I
care about health and education when I
was<00:01:49.289> visiting<00:01:49.500> my<00:01:49.830> terminally<00:01:50.490> ill<00:01:50.520> father<00:01:50.640> a
was visiting my terminally ill father a
was visiting my terminally ill father a
hospital<00:01:51.660> I<00:01:51.780> was<00:01:51.899> asking<00:01:52.289> myself<00:01:52.410> how<00:01:53.190> does
hospital I was asking myself how does
hospital I was asking myself how does
anybody<00:01:53.910> get<00:01:54.270> well<00:01:54.630> in<00:01:54.959> a<00:01:55.050> place<00:01:55.289> that<00:01:55.319> sounds
anybody get well in a place that sounds
anybody get well in a place that sounds
like<00:01:56.130> this<00:01:57.140> hospital<00:01:58.140> sound<00:01:58.380> is<00:01:58.560> getting
like this hospital sound is getting
like this hospital sound is getting
worse<00:01:58.979> all<00:01:59.190> the<00:01:59.220> time<00:01:59.340> noise<00:01:59.819> levels<00:02:00.179> in
worse all the time noise levels in
worse all the time noise levels in
hospitals<00:02:00.780> have<00:02:01.050> doubled<00:02:01.530> in<00:02:01.800> the<00:02:01.920> last<00:02:01.950> few
hospitals have doubled in the last few
hospitals have doubled in the last few
and<00:02:03.890> it<00:02:04.010> affects<00:02:04.340> not<00:02:04.550> just<00:02:04.610> the<00:02:04.880> patients<00:02:05.390> but
and it affects not just the patients but
and it affects not just the patients but
also<00:02:06.020> the<00:02:06.260> people<00:02:06.410> working<00:02:06.770> there<00:02:07.070> I<00:02:07.130> think
also the people working there I think
also the people working there I think
you<00:02:07.580> would<00:02:07.760> like<00:02:08.000> for<00:02:08.660> dispensing<00:02:09.560> errors<00:02:09.890> to
you would like for dispensing errors to
you would like for dispensing errors to
be<00:02:10.190> zero<00:02:10.670> wouldn't<00:02:11.180> we<00:02:11.300> and<00:02:12.170> yet<00:02:12.350> as<00:02:12.380> noise
be zero wouldn't we and yet as noise
be zero wouldn't we and yet as noise
levels<00:02:13.190> go<00:02:13.340> up<00:02:13.520> so<00:02:14.210> do<00:02:14.360> the<00:02:14.480> errors<00:02:14.810> in
levels go up so do the errors in
levels go up so do the errors in
dispensing<00:02:15.350> made<00:02:15.980> by<00:02:16.130> the<00:02:16.190> staff<00:02:16.550> in
dispensing made by the staff in
dispensing made by the staff in
hospitals<00:02:17.350> most<00:02:18.350> of<00:02:18.530> all<00:02:18.620> though<00:02:18.860> it<00:02:19.040> affects
hospitals most of all though it affects
hospitals most of all though it affects
the<00:02:19.610> patients<00:02:20.180> and<00:02:20.330> that<00:02:20.960> could<00:02:21.170> be<00:02:21.320> you<00:02:21.590> it
the patients and that could be you it
the patients and that could be you it
could<00:02:21.800> be<00:02:22.100> me<00:02:22.300> sleep<00:02:23.300> is<00:02:23.600> absolutely<00:02:24.410> crucial
could be me sleep is absolutely crucial
could be me sleep is absolutely crucial
to<00:02:24.980> recoveries<00:02:25.640> when<00:02:25.850> we<00:02:25.970> regenerate<00:02:26.360> when<00:02:26.750> we
to recoveries when we regenerate when we
to recoveries when we regenerate when we
rebuild<00:02:27.290> ourselves<00:02:27.610> and<00:02:28.610> with<00:02:28.940> threatening
rebuild ourselves and with threatening
rebuild ourselves and with threatening
noise<00:02:29.750> like<00:02:30.050> this<00:02:30.290> going<00:02:30.530> on<00:02:30.740> your<00:02:31.010> body<00:02:31.220> even
noise like this going on your body even
noise like this going on your body even
if<00:02:31.880> you<00:02:32.000> are<00:02:32.150> able<00:02:32.600> to<00:02:32.870> sleep<00:02:33.230> your<00:02:33.770> body<00:02:33.920> is
if you are able to sleep your body is
if you are able to sleep your body is
telling<00:02:34.340> you<00:02:34.490> I'm<00:02:34.760> under<00:02:35.030> threat<00:02:35.300> this<00:02:35.930> is
telling you I'm under threat this is
telling you I'm under threat this is
dangerous<00:02:36.590> and<00:02:36.770> the<00:02:37.190> quality<00:02:37.610> of<00:02:37.640> sleep<00:02:37.820> is
dangerous and the quality of sleep is
dangerous and the quality of sleep is
degraded<00:02:38.570> and<00:02:38.750> so<00:02:38.959> is<00:02:39.020> our<00:02:39.170> recovery<00:02:39.650> there
degraded and so is our recovery there
degraded and so is our recovery there
are<00:02:40.640> just<00:02:40.850> huge<00:02:41.420> benefits<00:02:41.930> to<00:02:42.110> come<00:02:42.320> from
are just huge benefits to come from
are just huge benefits to come from
designing<00:02:43.280> for<00:02:43.490> the<00:02:43.610> ears<00:02:43.880> in<00:02:44.270> our<00:02:44.720> healthcare
designing for the ears in our healthcare
designing for the ears in our healthcare
this<00:02:45.770> is<00:02:45.890> an<00:02:46.040> area<00:02:46.280> I<00:02:46.310> intend<00:02:46.700> to<00:02:46.760> take<00:02:46.910> on<00:02:47.120> this
this is an area I intend to take on this
this is an area I intend to take on this
year<00:02:48.190> education<00:02:49.450> when<00:02:50.450> I<00:02:50.480> see<00:02:50.690> a<00:02:50.720> classroom
year education when I see a classroom
year education when I see a classroom
that<00:02:51.350> looks<00:02:51.560> like<00:02:51.770> this<00:02:51.980> can<00:02:52.160> you<00:02:52.190> imagine<00:02:52.280> how
that looks like this can you imagine how
that looks like this can you imagine how
this<00:02:52.850> sounds<00:02:53.090> I<00:02:53.540> am<00:02:54.200> forced<00:02:54.500> to<00:02:54.560> ask<00:02:54.650> myself<00:02:54.770> a
this sounds I am forced to ask myself a
this sounds I am forced to ask myself a
question<00:02:58.360> now<00:02:59.360> that's<00:02:59.750> a<00:02:59.870> little<00:03:00.080> unfair<00:03:00.230> some
question now that's a little unfair some
question now that's a little unfair some
of<00:03:00.739> my<00:03:00.860> best<00:03:01.040> friends<00:03:01.370> are<00:03:01.430> architects<00:03:02.030> and
of my best friends are architects and
of my best friends are architects and
they<00:03:03.230> definitely<00:03:03.350> do<00:03:03.770> have<00:03:03.980> ears<00:03:04.160> but<00:03:04.310> I<00:03:04.550> think
they definitely do have ears but I think
they definitely do have ears but I think
sometimes<00:03:05.060> they<00:03:05.570> don't<00:03:05.780> use<00:03:06.050> them<00:03:06.290> when
sometimes they don't use them when
sometimes they don't use them when
they're<00:03:06.709> designing<00:03:06.860> buildings<00:03:07.700> here's<00:03:08.239> a
they're designing buildings here's a
they're designing buildings here's a
case<00:03:08.540> in<00:03:08.690> point<00:03:08.840> this<00:03:09.019> is<00:03:09.080> a<00:03:09.200> 32<00:03:09.860> million<00:03:10.280> pound
case in point this is a 32 million pound
case in point this is a 32 million pound
flagship<00:03:11.720> Academy<00:03:12.470> school<00:03:12.739> which<00:03:12.890> was<00:03:12.920> built
flagship Academy school which was built
flagship Academy school which was built
quite<00:03:13.459> recently<00:03:13.850> in<00:03:13.940> the<00:03:14.060> UK<00:03:14.420> and<00:03:14.480> designed<00:03:14.810> by
quite recently in the UK and designed by
quite recently in the UK and designed by
one<00:03:15.140> of<00:03:15.200> Britain's<00:03:15.620> top<00:03:16.209> architects
one of Britain's top architects
one of Britain's top architects
unfortunately<00:03:18.530> it<00:03:18.620> was<00:03:18.739> designed<00:03:19.010> like<00:03:19.250> a
unfortunately it was designed like a
unfortunately it was designed like a
corporate<00:03:19.760> headquarters<00:03:20.330> with<00:03:20.480> a<00:03:20.510> vast
corporate headquarters with a vast
corporate headquarters with a vast
central<00:03:21.290> atrium<00:03:21.530> and<00:03:21.950> classrooms<00:03:22.910> leading
central atrium and classrooms leading
central atrium and classrooms leading
off<00:03:23.390> it<00:03:23.600> with<00:03:23.780> no<00:03:24.019> back<00:03:24.320> walls<00:03:24.650> at<00:03:25.100> all<00:03:25.400> the
off it with no back walls at all the
off it with no back walls at all the
children<00:03:26.720> couldn't<00:03:26.930> hear<00:03:27.140> their<00:03:27.260> teachers
children couldn't hear their teachers
children couldn't hear their teachers
they<00:03:28.430> had<00:03:28.610> to<00:03:28.730> go<00:03:28.880> back<00:03:29.060> in<00:03:29.239> and<00:03:29.480> spend<00:03:29.750> six
they had to go back in and spend six
they had to go back in and spend six
hundred<00:03:30.320> thousand<00:03:30.709> pounds<00:03:30.980> putting<00:03:31.310> the
hundred thousand pounds putting the
hundred thousand pounds putting the
walls<00:03:31.640> in<00:03:31.910> let's<00:03:32.720> stop<00:03:33.290> this<00:03:33.470> madness<00:03:34.130> of
walls in let's stop this madness of
walls in let's stop this madness of
open-plan<00:03:34.820> classrooms<00:03:35.450> right<00:03:35.900> now<00:03:36.530> please
open-plan classrooms right now please
open-plan classrooms right now please
it's<00:03:38.750> not<00:03:38.930> just<00:03:38.989> these<00:03:39.590> modern<00:03:40.070> buildings
it's not just these modern buildings
it's not just these modern buildings
which<00:03:41.150> suffer<00:03:41.540> old-fashioned<00:03:42.320> classrooms
which suffer old-fashioned classrooms
which suffer old-fashioned classrooms
suffer<00:03:43.130> too<00:03:43.310> a<00:03:43.610> study<00:03:44.180> in<00:03:44.360> Florida<00:03:44.840> just<00:03:45.290> a<00:03:45.380> few
suffer too a study in Florida just a few
suffer too a study in Florida just a few
years<00:03:45.709> ago<00:03:45.890> found<00:03:46.190> that<00:03:46.430> if<00:03:46.549> you're<00:03:46.700> sitting
years ago found that if you're sitting
years ago found that if you're sitting
where<00:03:47.150> this<00:03:47.239> photograph<00:03:47.720> was<00:03:47.750> taken<00:03:47.870> in<00:03:48.260> the
where this photograph was taken in the
where this photograph was taken in the
classroom<00:03:48.769> row<00:03:48.920> for<00:03:49.299> speech<00:03:50.299> intelligibility
classroom row for speech intelligibility
classroom row for speech intelligibility
is<00:03:51.380> just<00:03:52.100> fifty<00:03:52.519> percent<00:03:53.410> children<00:03:54.410> are
is just fifty percent children are
is just fifty percent children are
losing<00:03:54.799> one<00:03:55.070> word<00:03:55.280> in<00:03:55.459> two<00:03:55.640> now<00:03:55.940> that<00:03:56.090> doesn't
losing one word in two now that doesn't
losing one word in two now that doesn't
mean<00:03:56.390> they<00:03:56.630> only<00:03:56.870> get<00:03:57.080> half<00:03:57.260> their<00:03:57.470> education
mean they only get half their education
mean they only get half their education
but<00:03:58.459> it<00:03:58.549> does<00:03:58.700> mean<00:03:58.820> they<00:03:58.940> have<00:03:59.090> to<00:03:59.209> work<00:03:59.330> very
but it does mean they have to work very
but it does mean they have to work very
hard<00:03:59.780> to<00:04:00.290> join<00:04:00.709> the<00:04:00.890> dots<00:04:01.070> and<00:04:01.370> understand
hard to join the dots and understand
hard to join the dots and understand
what's<00:04:02.239> going<00:04:02.330> on<00:04:02.660> this<00:04:03.200> is<00:04:03.350> affected
what's going on this is affected
what's going on this is affected
massively<00:04:04.160> by<00:04:04.430> reverberation<00:04:05.299> time<00:04:05.330> how
massively by reverberation time how
massively by reverberation time how
reverb<00:04:06.350> or<00:04:06.440> into<00:04:06.650> room<00:04:06.860> is<00:04:07.040> in<00:04:07.700> a<00:04:08.120> classroom
reverb or into room is in a classroom
reverb or into room is in a classroom
with<00:04:08.870> a<00:04:08.900> reverberation<00:04:09.470> time<00:04:09.620> of<00:04:10.160> 1.2<00:04:10.910> seconds
with a reverberation time of 1.2 seconds
with a reverberation time of 1.2 seconds
which<00:04:12.320> is<00:04:12.500> pretty<00:04:12.680> common<00:04:12.980> this<00:04:13.790> is<00:04:13.940> what<00:04:14.090> it
which is pretty common this is what it
which is pretty common this is what it
sounds<00:04:14.480> like
really
just<00:04:24.169> a<00:04:24.289> few<00:04:24.470> digits
just a few digits
just a few digits
zero<00:04:26.840> not<00:04:27.840> so<00:04:28.110> good<00:04:28.290> is<00:04:28.500> it<00:04:28.680> if<00:04:28.889> you<00:04:29.730> take<00:04:29.970> that
zero not so good is it if you take that
zero not so good is it if you take that
one<00:04:30.360> point<00:04:30.570> two<00:04:30.810> seconds<00:04:31.230> down<00:04:31.440> to<00:04:31.950> naught
one point two seconds down to naught
one point two seconds down to naught
point<00:04:32.580> four<00:04:32.880> seconds<00:04:33.450> by<00:04:33.630> installing
point four seconds by installing
point four seconds by installing
acoustic<00:04:34.740> treatment<00:04:35.040> sound<00:04:35.550> absorbing
acoustic treatment sound absorbing
acoustic treatment sound absorbing
materials<00:04:36.600> and<00:04:36.840> so<00:04:37.050> forth<00:04:37.380> this<00:04:38.130> is<00:04:38.280> what<00:04:38.430> you
materials and so forth this is what you
materials and so forth this is what you
get<00:04:38.930> in<00:04:39.930> language<00:04:40.639> infinitely<00:04:41.639> many<00:04:41.910> words
get in language infinitely many words
get in language infinitely many words
can<00:04:42.510> be<00:04:42.660> written<00:04:42.960> with<00:04:43.290> a<00:04:43.320> small<00:04:43.650> set<00:04:43.980> of
can be written with a small set of
can be written with a small set of
letters<00:04:44.310> in<00:04:44.730> arithmetic<00:04:45.500> infinitely<00:04:46.500> many
letters in arithmetic infinitely many
letters in arithmetic infinitely many
numbers<00:04:47.280> can<00:04:47.550> be<00:04:47.580> composed<00:04:48.150> from<00:04:48.450> just<00:04:48.720> a<00:04:48.840> few
numbers can be composed from just a few
numbers can be composed from just a few
digits<00:04:49.260> with<00:04:49.919> the<00:04:50.040> help<00:04:50.220> of<00:04:50.430> the<00:04:50.580> symbol<00:04:50.970> 0
digits with the help of the symbol 0
digits with the help of the symbol 0
what<00:04:52.200> a<00:04:52.230> difference<00:04:52.790> now<00:04:53.790> that<00:04:53.820> education<00:04:54.660> you
what a difference now that education you
what a difference now that education you
would<00:04:55.110> receive<00:04:55.470> and<00:04:55.740> thanks<00:04:56.040> to<00:04:56.190> the<00:04:56.370> British
would receive and thanks to the British
would receive and thanks to the British
acoustician<00:04:57.570> Adrian<00:04:58.200> James<00:04:58.440> for<00:04:58.650> those
acoustician Adrian James for those
acoustician Adrian James for those
simulations<00:04:59.010> the<00:04:59.790> signal<00:05:00.150> was<00:05:00.180> the<00:05:00.389> same<00:05:00.630> the
simulations the signal was the same the
simulations the signal was the same the
background<00:05:01.470> noise<00:05:01.560> was<00:05:01.919> the<00:05:01.950> same<00:05:02.250> all<00:05:02.460> that
background noise was the same all that
background noise was the same all that
change<00:05:03.000> was<00:05:03.270> the<00:05:03.330> acoustics<00:05:03.930> of<00:05:04.110> the
change was the acoustics of the
change was the acoustics of the
classroom<00:05:04.800> in<00:05:04.979> those<00:05:05.310> two<00:05:05.520> examples<00:05:06.090> if
classroom in those two examples if
classroom in those two examples if
education<00:05:07.380> can<00:05:07.710> be<00:05:07.740> likened<00:05:08.220> to<00:05:08.250> watering<00:05:08.610> a
education can be likened to watering a
education can be likened to watering a
garden<00:05:09.120> which<00:05:09.210> I<00:05:09.330> think<00:05:09.510> now<00:05:09.660> this<00:05:09.810> affair
garden which I think now this affair
garden which I think now this affair
metaphor<00:05:11.070> sadly<00:05:11.970> much<00:05:12.510> of<00:05:12.720> the<00:05:12.810> water<00:05:12.960> is
metaphor sadly much of the water is
metaphor sadly much of the water is
evaporating<00:05:13.979> before<00:05:14.010> it<00:05:14.370> reaches<00:05:14.850> the
evaporating before it reaches the
evaporating before it reaches the
flowers<00:05:15.630> especially<00:05:15.990> for<00:05:16.830> some<00:05:17.010> groups<00:05:17.600> for
flowers especially for some groups for
flowers especially for some groups for
example<00:05:18.650> those<00:05:19.650> with<00:05:20.040> hearing<00:05:20.280> impairment
example those with hearing impairment
example those with hearing impairment
now<00:05:21.570> that's<00:05:21.780> not<00:05:21.930> just<00:05:22.200> deaf<00:05:22.380> children<00:05:22.860> that
now that's not just deaf children that
now that's not just deaf children that
could<00:05:23.520> be<00:05:23.610> any<00:05:23.790> child<00:05:24.120> who's<00:05:24.300> got<00:05:24.450> a<00:05:24.479> cold<00:05:24.780> glue
could be any child who's got a cold glue
could be any child who's got a cold glue
ear<00:05:25.530> an<00:05:25.740> ear<00:05:25.919> infection<00:05:25.950> even<00:05:26.700> hay<00:05:27.120> fever<00:05:27.389> on<00:05:27.630> a
ear an ear infection even hay fever on a
ear an ear infection even hay fever on a
given<00:05:27.870> day<00:05:27.990> 1<00:05:28.350> in<00:05:28.470> 8<00:05:28.590> children<00:05:28.950> fall<00:05:29.610> into<00:05:29.850> that
given day 1 in 8 children fall into that
given day 1 in 8 children fall into that
group<00:05:30.270> on<00:05:30.510> any<00:05:30.780> given<00:05:30.960> day<00:05:31.370> then<00:05:32.370> you<00:05:32.520> have
group on any given day then you have
group on any given day then you have
children<00:05:32.910> for<00:05:33.210> whom<00:05:33.240> English<00:05:33.720> is<00:05:33.750> a<00:05:33.900> second
children for whom English is a second
children for whom English is a second
language<00:05:34.350> or<00:05:35.240> whatever<00:05:36.240> they're<00:05:36.390> being
language or whatever they're being
language or whatever they're being
taught<00:05:36.750> in<00:05:36.810> is<00:05:37.169> a<00:05:37.200> second<00:05:37.590> language<00:05:37.620> in<00:05:37.979> the<00:05:38.100> UK
taught in is a second language in the UK
taught in is a second language in the UK
that's<00:05:38.610> more<00:05:38.850> than<00:05:38.970> ten<00:05:39.210> percent<00:05:39.570> of<00:05:39.810> the
that's more than ten percent of the
that's more than ten percent of the
school<00:05:40.440> population<00:05:40.890> and<00:05:41.479> finally<00:05:42.479> after
school population and finally after
school population and finally after
Susan<00:05:43.410> Cain's<00:05:43.620> wonderful<00:05:44.070> TED<00:05:44.250> talk<00:05:44.430> in
Susan Cain's wonderful TED talk in
Susan Cain's wonderful TED talk in
February<00:05:45.000> we<00:05:45.390> know<00:05:45.510> that<00:05:45.539> introverts<00:05:46.140> find<00:05:46.830> it
February we know that introverts find it
February we know that introverts find it
very<00:05:47.039> difficult<00:05:47.280> to<00:05:47.880> relate<00:05:48.390> when<00:05:48.690> they're<00:05:48.840> in
very difficult to relate when they're in
very difficult to relate when they're in
a<00:05:49.020> noisy<00:05:49.410> environment<00:05:49.440> doing<00:05:50.070> group<00:05:50.340> work<00:05:50.570> add
a noisy environment doing group work add
a noisy environment doing group work add
those<00:05:51.840> up<00:05:51.870> that<00:05:52.320> is<00:05:52.500> a<00:05:52.530> lot<00:05:52.830> of<00:05:52.890> children<00:05:53.310> who
those up that is a lot of children who
those up that is a lot of children who
are<00:05:53.820> not<00:05:53.970> receiving<00:05:54.300> their<00:05:54.510> education
are not receiving their education
are not receiving their education
properly<00:05:55.430> it's<00:05:56.430> not<00:05:56.639> just<00:05:56.880> the<00:05:56.970> children<00:05:57.330> who
properly it's not just the children who
properly it's not just the children who
are<00:05:57.479> affected<00:05:57.720> though<00:05:58.100> this<00:05:59.100> study<00:05:59.370> in
are affected though this study in
are affected though this study in
Germany<00:05:59.760> found<00:06:00.210> the<00:06:00.330> average<00:06:00.510> noise<00:06:00.960> level<00:06:01.110> in
Germany found the average noise level in
Germany found the average noise level in
classrooms<00:06:01.950> is<00:06:02.160> 60
classrooms is 60
classrooms is 60
by<00:06:02.860> decibels<00:06:03.640> I<00:06:03.880> have<00:06:04.120> to<00:06:04.360> really<00:06:04.870> raise<00:06:05.200> my
by decibels I have to really raise my
by decibels I have to really raise my
voice<00:06:05.650> to<00:06:06.040> talk<00:06:06.460> over<00:06:06.760> 65<00:06:07.270> decibels<00:06:07.480> of<00:06:07.900> sound
voice to talk over 65 decibels of sound
voice to talk over 65 decibels of sound
and<00:06:08.430> teachers<00:06:09.430> are<00:06:09.640> not<00:06:10.000> just<00:06:10.270> raising<00:06:10.630> their
and teachers are not just raising their
and teachers are not just raising their
voices<00:06:11.020> this<00:06:11.920> chart<00:06:12.280> maps<00:06:12.760> the<00:06:13.120> teachers
voices this chart maps the teachers
voices this chart maps the teachers
heart<00:06:13.780> rate<00:06:14.050> against<00:06:14.860> the<00:06:14.980> noise<00:06:15.130> level<00:06:16.320> noise
heart rate against the noise level noise
heart rate against the noise level noise
goes<00:06:17.590> up<00:06:17.830> heart<00:06:18.460> rate<00:06:18.700> goes<00:06:18.910> up<00:06:18.940> that<00:06:19.720> is<00:06:19.930> not
goes up heart rate goes up that is not
goes up heart rate goes up that is not
good<00:06:20.380> for<00:06:20.410> you<00:06:20.770> in<00:06:21.070> fact<00:06:21.820> 65<00:06:22.450> decibels<00:06:22.660> is<00:06:23.260> the
good for you in fact 65 decibels is the
good for you in fact 65 decibels is the
very<00:06:23.950> level<00:06:24.370> at<00:06:24.640> which<00:06:24.880> this<00:06:25.120> big<00:06:25.390> survey<00:06:25.810> of
very level at which this big survey of
very level at which this big survey of
all<00:06:26.020> the<00:06:26.380> evidence<00:06:26.800> on<00:06:27.100> noise<00:06:27.340> and<00:06:27.550> health
all the evidence on noise and health
all the evidence on noise and health
found<00:06:28.570> that<00:06:29.020> that<00:06:29.200> is<00:06:29.470> the<00:06:29.890> threshold<00:06:30.340> for<00:06:31.180> the
found that that is the threshold for the
found that that is the threshold for the
danger<00:06:31.660> of<00:06:31.710> myocardial<00:06:32.710> infarction<00:06:33.430> to<00:06:34.270> you
danger of myocardial infarction to you
danger of myocardial infarction to you
and<00:06:34.540> me<00:06:34.600> that's<00:06:34.780> a<00:06:34.900> heart<00:06:35.140> attack<00:06:35.760> it<00:06:36.760> may<00:06:37.060> will
and me that's a heart attack it may will
and me that's a heart attack it may will
not<00:06:37.600> be<00:06:37.810> pushing<00:06:38.200> the<00:06:38.290> boat<00:06:38.410> out<00:06:38.440> too<00:06:38.830> far<00:06:39.040> to
not be pushing the boat out too far to
not be pushing the boat out too far to
suggest<00:06:39.370> that<00:06:39.670> many<00:06:39.970> teachers<00:06:40.180> are<00:06:40.770> losing
suggest that many teachers are losing
suggest that many teachers are losing
significant<00:06:42.580> life<00:06:42.790> expectancy<00:06:43.600> by<00:06:44.200> teaching
significant life expectancy by teaching
significant life expectancy by teaching
in<00:06:44.890> environments<00:06:45.610> like<00:06:45.670> that<00:06:46.000> day<00:06:46.270> after<00:06:46.450> day
in environments like that day after day
in environments like that day after day
what<00:06:48.190> does<00:06:48.280> it<00:06:48.310> cost<00:06:48.610> to<00:06:48.970> treat<00:06:49.600> a<00:06:49.630> classroom
what does it cost to treat a classroom
what does it cost to treat a classroom
down<00:06:50.320> to<00:06:50.470> that<00:06:50.590> naught<00:06:50.890> point<00:06:51.100> for<00:06:51.340> second
down to that naught point for second
down to that naught point for second
reverberation<00:06:52.300> time<00:06:52.560> two<00:06:53.560> and<00:06:53.590> a<00:06:53.710> half
reverberation time two and a half
reverberation time two and a half
thousand<00:06:54.280> pounds<00:06:54.670> and<00:06:54.960> the<00:06:55.960> Essex<00:06:56.350> study
thousand pounds and the Essex study
thousand pounds and the Essex study
which<00:06:56.800> has<00:06:56.920> just<00:06:57.160> been<00:06:57.310> done<00:06:57.550> in<00:06:57.790> the<00:06:57.910> UK<00:06:58.300> which
which has just been done in the UK which
which has just been done in the UK which
incidentally<00:06:59.470> showed<00:06:59.950> that<00:07:00.220> when<00:07:00.310> you<00:07:00.460> do
incidentally showed that when you do
incidentally showed that when you do
this<00:07:00.820> you<00:07:01.120> do<00:07:01.720> not<00:07:01.750> just<00:07:02.260> make<00:07:02.860> a<00:07:02.890> room<00:07:03.190> that's
this you do not just make a room that's
this you do not just make a room that's
suitable<00:07:03.640> for<00:07:03.760> hearing-impaired<00:07:04.150> children
suitable for hearing-impaired children
suitable for hearing-impaired children
you<00:07:04.900> make<00:07:05.050> a<00:07:05.080> room<00:07:05.320> where<00:07:05.500> behavior<00:07:06.070> improves
you make a room where behavior improves
you make a room where behavior improves
and<00:07:07.230> results<00:07:08.230> improved<00:07:08.560> significantly<00:07:09.690> this
and results improved significantly this
and results improved significantly this
found<00:07:10.990> that<00:07:11.280> sending<00:07:12.280> a<00:07:12.340> child<00:07:12.490> out<00:07:12.790> of<00:07:12.970> area
found that sending a child out of area
found that sending a child out of area
to<00:07:13.540> a<00:07:14.260> school<00:07:14.560> that<00:07:14.590> does<00:07:14.860> have<00:07:15.100> such<00:07:15.310> a<00:07:15.340> room
to a school that does have such a room
to a school that does have such a room
if<00:07:15.850> you<00:07:16.030> don't<00:07:16.240> have<00:07:16.420> one<00:07:16.470> costs<00:07:18.030> 90,000
if you don't have one costs 90,000
if you don't have one costs 90,000
pounds<00:07:19.360> a<00:07:19.390> year<00:07:19.540> I<00:07:20.230> think<00:07:21.190> the<00:07:21.310> economics<00:07:21.730> are
pounds a year I think the economics are
pounds a year I think the economics are
pretty<00:07:22.030> clear<00:07:22.270> on<00:07:22.390> this<00:07:22.540> I'm<00:07:23.380> glad<00:07:23.560> that
pretty clear on this I'm glad that
pretty clear on this I'm glad that
debate<00:07:24.070> is<00:07:24.310> happening<00:07:24.730> on<00:07:24.820> this<00:07:24.940> I<00:07:25.090> just
debate is happening on this I just
debate is happening on this I just
moderated<00:07:25.810> a<00:07:25.900> major<00:07:26.080> conference<00:07:26.470> in<00:07:26.740> London<00:07:27.160> a
moderated a major conference in London a
moderated a major conference in London a
few<00:07:27.340> weeks<00:07:27.790> ago<00:07:28.000> called<00:07:28.360> sound<00:07:28.630> education
few weeks ago called sound education
few weeks ago called sound education
which<00:07:29.440> brought<00:07:29.650> together<00:07:29.800> top<00:07:30.220> acousticians
which brought together top acousticians
which brought together top acousticians
government<00:07:31.870> people<00:07:32.200> teachers<00:07:32.470> and<00:07:32.800> so<00:07:32.920> forth
government people teachers and so forth
government people teachers and so forth
we're<00:07:33.550> at<00:07:33.640> last<00:07:33.930> starting<00:07:34.930> to<00:07:35.140> debate<00:07:35.590> this
we're at last starting to debate this
we're at last starting to debate this
issue<00:07:35.890> and<00:07:36.250> the<00:07:37.030> benefits<00:07:37.660> that<00:07:37.870> are
issue and the benefits that are
issue and the benefits that are
available<00:07:38.020> for<00:07:38.620> designing<00:07:39.040> for<00:07:39.220> the<00:07:39.310> ears<00:07:39.460> in
available for designing for the ears in
available for designing for the ears in
education<00:07:40.710> unbelievable<00:07:41.710> out<00:07:42.370> of<00:07:42.610> that
education unbelievable out of that
education unbelievable out of that
conference<00:07:43.450> is<00:07:43.690> incidentally<00:07:44.440> also<00:07:44.470> came<00:07:45.010> a
conference is incidentally also came a
conference is incidentally also came a
free<00:07:45.430> app<00:07:45.640> which<00:07:46.630> is<00:07:46.660> designed<00:07:47.110> to<00:07:47.170> help
free app which is designed to help
free app which is designed to help
children<00:07:47.560> study<00:07:48.130> if<00:07:48.460> they're<00:07:48.820> having<00:07:48.970> to<00:07:49.240> work
children study if they're having to work
children study if they're having to work
at<00:07:49.540> home<00:07:49.720> for<00:07:50.020> example<00:07:50.410> in<00:07:50.560> a<00:07:50.650> noisy<00:07:51.010> kitchen
at home for example in a noisy kitchen
at home for example in a noisy kitchen
and<00:07:51.670> that's<00:07:52.450> that's<00:07:53.440> free<00:07:53.860> out<00:07:54.070> of<00:07:54.250> that
and that's that's free out of that
and that's that's free out of that
conference<00:07:54.900> let's<00:07:55.950> broaden<00:07:56.950> the<00:07:57.280> perspective
conference let's broaden the perspective
conference let's broaden the perspective
a<00:07:57.790> little<00:07:57.820> bit<00:07:58.090> and<00:07:58.270> look<00:07:58.720> at<00:07:58.840> cities<00:07:59.280> we<00:08:00.280> have
a little bit and look at cities we have
a little bit and look at cities we have
urban<00:08:00.880> planners<00:08:01.740> where<00:08:02.740> are<00:08:02.860> the<00:08:02.920> urban<00:08:03.280> sound
urban planners where are the urban sound
urban planners where are the urban sound
planners<00:08:04.450> I<00:08:04.660> don't<00:08:05.590> know<00:08:05.740> of<00:08:05.860> one<00:08:06.130> in<00:08:06.370> the
planners I don't know of one in the
planners I don't know of one in the
world<00:08:06.970> and<00:08:07.270> the<00:08:07.630> opportunity<00:08:08.260> is<00:08:08.320> there<00:08:08.410> to
world and the opportunity is there to
world and the opportunity is there to
transform<00:08:09.280> our<00:08:09.400> experience<00:08:09.940> in<00:08:10.090> our<00:08:10.180> cities
transform our experience in our cities
transform our experience in our cities
the<00:08:11.230> World<00:08:11.410> Health<00:08:11.500> Organization<00:08:12.310> estimates
the World Health Organization estimates
the World Health Organization estimates
that
that
that
a<00:08:13.650> quarter<00:08:14.370> of<00:08:14.400> Europe's<00:08:14.730> population<00:08:14.910> is
a quarter of Europe's population is
a quarter of Europe's population is
having<00:08:15.600> its<00:08:15.690> steep<00:08:15.930> degraded<00:08:16.440> by<00:08:17.040> noise<00:08:17.400> in
having its steep degraded by noise in
having its steep degraded by noise in
cities<00:08:18.180> we<00:08:18.360> can<00:08:18.480> do<00:08:18.570> better<00:08:18.750> than<00:08:18.930> that<00:08:18.990> and<00:08:19.410> in
cities we can do better than that and in
cities we can do better than that and in
our<00:08:20.370> offices<00:08:20.790> we<00:08:21.000> spend<00:08:21.240> a<00:08:21.300> lot<00:08:21.419> of<00:08:21.450> time<00:08:21.540> at
our offices we spend a lot of time at
our offices we spend a lot of time at
work<00:08:22.110> where<00:08:23.040> are<00:08:23.160> the<00:08:23.250> office<00:08:23.850> sound<00:08:24.330> planners
work where are the office sound planners
work where are the office sound planners
people<00:08:25.320> who<00:08:25.380> say<00:08:25.590> don't<00:08:25.800> sit<00:08:26.040> that<00:08:26.190> team<00:08:26.460> next
people who say don't sit that team next
people who say don't sit that team next
to<00:08:26.790> this<00:08:26.910> team<00:08:27.180> because<00:08:27.419> they<00:08:27.570> like<00:08:27.780> noise<00:08:27.990> and
to this team because they like noise and
to this team because they like noise and
they<00:08:28.440> need<00:08:28.650> quiet<00:08:28.919> or<00:08:29.730> who<00:08:29.880> say<00:08:30.060> don't<00:08:30.270> spend
they need quiet or who say don't spend
they need quiet or who say don't spend
all<00:08:30.690> your<00:08:30.870> budget<00:08:31.230> on<00:08:31.350> a<00:08:31.410> huge<00:08:31.770> screen<00:08:32.190> in<00:08:32.400> the
all your budget on a huge screen in the
all your budget on a huge screen in the
conference<00:08:32.880> room<00:08:32.969> and<00:08:33.240> then<00:08:33.659> place<00:08:33.900> one<00:08:33.930> tiny
conference room and then place one tiny
conference room and then place one tiny
microphone<00:08:35.099> in<00:08:35.339> the<00:08:35.430> middle<00:08:35.669> of<00:08:35.729> a<00:08:35.820> table<00:08:36.210> for
microphone in the middle of a table for
microphone in the middle of a table for
30<00:08:36.810> people<00:08:37.669> if<00:08:38.669> you<00:08:38.849> can<00:08:39.029> hear<00:08:39.270> me<00:08:39.479> you<00:08:39.779> can
30 people if you can hear me you can
30 people if you can hear me you can
understand<00:08:40.409> me<00:08:40.560> without<00:08:40.770> seeing<00:08:41.159> me<00:08:41.310> if<00:08:41.550> you
understand me without seeing me if you
understand me without seeing me if you
can<00:08:42.240> see<00:08:42.450> me<00:08:42.630> without<00:08:42.810> hearing<00:08:43.200> me<00:08:43.500> that<00:08:43.770> does
can see me without hearing me that does
can see me without hearing me that does
not<00:08:44.190> work<00:08:44.750> so<00:08:45.750> office<00:08:46.560> sound<00:08:46.860> is<00:08:47.100> a<00:08:47.160> huge<00:08:47.670> area
not work so office sound is a huge area
not work so office sound is a huge area
and<00:08:48.210> incidentally<00:08:48.900> noise<00:08:49.350> it<00:08:49.529> offices<00:08:49.860> has
and incidentally noise it offices has
and incidentally noise it offices has
been<00:08:50.190> shown<00:08:50.460> to<00:08:50.490> make<00:08:50.760> people<00:08:51.029> less<00:08:51.150> helpful
been shown to make people less helpful
been shown to make people less helpful
let's<00:08:52.200> enjoy<00:08:52.560> their<00:08:52.860> teamwork<00:08:53.160> and<00:08:53.610> less
let's enjoy their teamwork and less
let's enjoy their teamwork and less
productive<00:08:54.990> at<00:08:55.200> work<00:08:56.000> finally<00:08:57.000> we<00:08:57.089> have<00:08:57.300> homes
productive at work finally we have homes
productive at work finally we have homes
we<00:08:58.020> use<00:08:58.170> interior<00:08:58.620> designers<00:08:59.160> where<00:08:59.700> are<00:08:59.790> the
we use interior designers where are the
we use interior designers where are the
interior<00:09:00.360> sound<00:09:00.630> designers<00:09:01.170> hey<00:09:01.860> let's<00:09:02.339> all
interior sound designers hey let's all
interior sound designers hey let's all
be<00:09:02.790> interior<00:09:03.600> sound<00:09:03.810> designers<00:09:04.350> take<00:09:05.250> on
be interior sound designers take on
be interior sound designers take on
listening<00:09:06.060> to<00:09:06.120> our<00:09:06.330> rooms<00:09:06.600> and<00:09:06.870> designing
listening to our rooms and designing
listening to our rooms and designing
sound<00:09:07.529> that's<00:09:07.680> effective<00:09:08.100> and<00:09:08.220> appropriate
sound that's effective and appropriate
sound that's effective and appropriate
my<00:09:09.540> friend<00:09:09.779> Richard<00:09:10.140> mizuka<00:09:10.800> an<00:09:10.860> architect<00:09:11.279> in
my friend Richard mizuka an architect in
my friend Richard mizuka an architect in
London<00:09:11.760> coined<00:09:12.029> the<00:09:12.210> phrase<00:09:12.470> invisible
London coined the phrase invisible
London coined the phrase invisible
architecture<00:09:14.279> I<00:09:14.460> love<00:09:15.240> that<00:09:15.390> phrase<00:09:15.570> it's
architecture I love that phrase it's
architecture I love that phrase it's
about<00:09:16.620> designing<00:09:17.190> not<00:09:17.880> appearance<00:09:18.810> but
about designing not appearance but
about designing not appearance but
experience<00:09:20.970> so<00:09:21.660> that<00:09:21.780> we<00:09:21.839> have<00:09:21.870> spaces<00:09:22.260> that
experience so that we have spaces that
experience so that we have spaces that
sound<00:09:23.280> as<00:09:23.610> good<00:09:23.760> as<00:09:24.000> they<00:09:24.150> look<00:09:24.360> that<00:09:24.839> a
sound as good as they look that a
sound as good as they look that a
fit-for-purpose<00:09:25.580> that<00:09:26.580> improve<00:09:26.970> our<00:09:27.150> quality
fit-for-purpose that improve our quality
fit-for-purpose that improve our quality
of<00:09:27.630> life<00:09:27.750> our<00:09:28.200> health<00:09:28.950> and<00:09:29.160> well-being<00:09:29.310> our
of life our health and well-being our
of life our health and well-being our
social<00:09:30.720> behavior<00:09:31.170> and<00:09:31.410> our<00:09:32.070> productivity
social behavior and our productivity
social behavior and our productivity
it's<00:09:33.780> time<00:09:34.110> to<00:09:34.350> start<00:09:34.560> designing<00:09:35.430> for<00:09:35.910> the
it's time to start designing for the
it's time to start designing for the
ears<00:09:36.320> thank
TED-Ed, TED, Ed, TEDEducation, Julian Treasure
