Let's put birth control back on the agenda - Melinda Gates
[Music]
[Music]
today<00:00:16.080> I'd<00:00:16.240> like<00:00:16.400> to<00:00:16.560> talk<00:00:16.840> with<00:00:17.000> you<00:00:17.400> about
today I'd like to talk with you about
today I'd like to talk with you about
something<00:00:18.119> that<00:00:18.320> should<00:00:18.680> be<00:00:19.439> a<00:00:19.720> totally
something that should be a totally
something that should be a totally
uncontroversial<00:00:21.680> topic<00:00:22.680> but
uncontroversial topic but
uncontroversial topic but
unfortunately<00:00:24.400> it's<00:00:24.720> become<00:00:25.599> incredibly
unfortunately it's become incredibly
unfortunately it's become incredibly
controversial<00:00:28.800> this<00:00:29.000> year<00:00:29.320> if<00:00:29.400> you<00:00:29.560> think
controversial this year if you think
controversial this year if you think
about<00:00:30.160> it<00:00:30.960> over<00:00:31.199> a<00:00:31.400> billion<00:00:31.920> couples<00:00:32.759> will
about it over a billion couples will
about it over a billion couples will
have<00:00:33.280> sex<00:00:33.559> with<00:00:33.719> one<00:00:34.120> another<00:00:35.120> couples<00:00:35.520> like
have sex with one another couples like
have sex with one another couples like
this
this
this
one<00:00:37.640> and<00:00:37.879> this<00:00:38.480> one<00:00:39.480> and<00:00:39.760> this<00:00:39.920> one<00:00:40.920> and<00:00:41.559> yes
one and this one and this one and yes
one and this one and this one and yes
even<00:00:42.960> this
even this
even this
one<00:00:45.640> and<00:00:45.840> my<00:00:46.079> idea<00:00:46.399> is<00:00:47.199> this<00:00:48.199> all<00:00:48.640> these<00:00:49.039> men
one and my idea is this all these men
one and my idea is this all these men
and<00:00:49.840> women<00:00:50.600> should<00:00:50.840> be<00:00:51.000> free<00:00:51.360> to<00:00:51.680> decide
and women should be free to decide
and women should be free to decide
whether<00:00:53.000> they<00:00:53.160> do<00:00:54.120> or<00:00:54.320> do<00:00:54.600> not<00:00:54.920> want<00:00:55.079> to
whether they do or do not want to
whether they do or do not want to
conceive<00:00:55.640> a<00:00:56.120> child<00:00:57.120> and<00:00:57.280> they<00:00:57.359> should<00:00:57.559> be<00:00:57.719> able
conceive a child and they should be able
conceive a child and they should be able
to<00:00:58.120> use<00:00:58.399> one<00:00:58.559> of<00:00:58.719> these<00:00:58.920> birth<00:00:59.239> control
to use one of these birth control
to use one of these birth control
methods
methods
methods
to<00:01:00.920> make<00:01:01.239> act<00:01:01.680> on<00:01:01.920> their
to make act on their
to make act on their
decision<00:01:04.600> now<00:01:04.879> I<00:01:05.040> think<00:01:05.320> you'd<00:01:05.680> have<00:01:06.280> a<00:01:06.520> hard
decision now I think you'd have a hard
decision now I think you'd have a hard
time<00:01:07.360> finding<00:01:07.960> many<00:01:08.280> people<00:01:08.840> who<00:01:09.119> disagree
time finding many people who disagree
time finding many people who disagree
with<00:01:09.920> this
with this
with this
idea<00:01:11.720> over<00:01:12.200> 1<00:01:13.000> billion<00:01:13.680> people<00:01:14.119> use<00:01:14.560> birth
idea over 1 billion people use birth
idea over 1 billion people use birth
control<00:01:15.840> without<00:01:16.320> any<00:01:16.640> hesitation<00:01:17.200> at
control without any hesitation at
control without any hesitation at
all<00:01:18.920> they<00:01:19.080> want<00:01:19.360> the<00:01:19.640> power<00:01:20.159> to<00:01:20.479> plan<00:01:21.240> their
all they want the power to plan their
all they want the power to plan their
own<00:01:21.960> lives<00:01:22.960> and<00:01:23.079> to<00:01:23.240> raise<00:01:24.040> healthier<00:01:25.040> better
own lives and to raise healthier better
own lives and to raise healthier better
educated<00:01:26.400> and<00:01:26.560> more<00:01:26.920> prosperous
educated and more prosperous
educated and more prosperous
families<00:01:29.600> but<00:01:29.920> for<00:01:30.040> an<00:01:30.400> idea<00:01:31.280> that<00:01:31.400> is<00:01:31.720> so
families but for an idea that is so
families but for an idea that is so
broadly<00:01:33.399> accepted<00:01:34.000> in<00:01:34.759> private<00:01:35.759> birth
broadly accepted in private birth
broadly accepted in private birth
control<00:01:36.720> certainly<00:01:37.240> generates<00:01:37.920> a<00:01:38.040> lot<00:01:38.200> of
control certainly generates a lot of
control certainly generates a lot of
opposition<00:01:39.360> in<00:01:40.040> public<00:01:41.040> now<00:01:41.240> some<00:01:41.520> people
opposition in public now some people
opposition in public now some people
think<00:01:42.399> when<00:01:42.520> we<00:01:42.680> talk<00:01:42.920> about<00:01:43.360> contraception
think when we talk about contraception
think when we talk about contraception
that<00:01:44.520> it's<00:01:44.719> code<00:01:45.000> for<00:01:45.520> abortion<00:01:46.520> which<00:01:46.719> it's
that it's code for abortion which it's
that it's code for abortion which it's
not<00:01:48.280> some<00:01:48.560> people<00:01:49.399> let's<00:01:49.640> be<00:01:49.840> honest<00:01:50.479> they're
not some people let's be honest they're
not some people let's be honest they're
uncomfortable<00:01:51.479> with<00:01:51.600> the<00:01:51.840> topic<00:01:52.439> because
uncomfortable with the topic because
uncomfortable with the topic because
it's<00:01:52.920> about
it's about
it's about
sex<00:01:54.880> some<00:01:55.200> people<00:01:55.759> worry<00:01:56.600> that<00:01:56.759> the<00:01:56.960> real<00:01:57.320> goal
sex some people worry that the real goal
sex some people worry that the real goal
of<00:01:57.799> Family<00:01:58.159> Planning<00:01:58.960> is<00:01:59.079> to<00:01:59.280> control
of Family Planning is to control
of Family Planning is to control
populations<00:02:02.240> but<00:02:02.640> these<00:02:03.159> are<00:02:03.560> all<00:02:04.240> side
populations but these are all side
populations but these are all side
issues<00:02:06.079> they've<00:02:06.560> attached<00:02:07.280> thems<00:02:07.920> to<00:02:08.160> this
issues they've attached thems to this
issues they've attached thems to this
core<00:02:09.720> idea<00:02:10.720> that<00:02:10.920> men<00:02:11.200> and<00:02:11.440> women<00:02:12.000> should<00:02:12.360> be
core idea that men and women should be
core idea that men and women should be
able<00:02:12.760> to<00:02:13.000> decide<00:02:13.959> when<00:02:14.200> they<00:02:14.319> want<00:02:14.480> to<00:02:14.640> have<00:02:14.760> a
able to decide when they want to have a
able to decide when they want to have a
child<00:02:16.800> and<00:02:17.080> as<00:02:17.200> a<00:02:17.599> result<00:02:18.599> birth<00:02:19.000> control<00:02:19.519> has
child and as a result birth control has
child and as a result birth control has
almost<00:02:20.440> completely<00:02:21.280> and<00:02:21.599> totally
almost completely and totally
almost completely and totally
disappeared<00:02:23.239> from<00:02:23.400> the<00:02:23.519> global<00:02:23.879> Health
disappeared from the global Health
disappeared from the global Health
agenda<00:02:25.760> and<00:02:25.920> the<00:02:26.160> victims<00:02:27.080> of<00:02:27.319> this<00:02:27.959> paralysis
agenda and the victims of this paralysis
agenda and the victims of this paralysis
are<00:02:29.160> the<00:02:29.360> people<00:02:30.080> of<00:02:30.280> subsaharan<00:02:31.160> Africa<00:02:32.000> and
are the people of subsaharan Africa and
are the people of subsaharan Africa and
South
South
South
Asia<00:02:34.480> here<00:02:34.680> in<00:02:35.200> Germany<00:02:36.200> the<00:02:36.400> proportion<00:02:36.840> of
Asia here in Germany the proportion of
Asia here in Germany the proportion of
people<00:02:37.360> that<00:02:37.519> use<00:02:38.040> contraception<00:02:38.920> is<00:02:39.120> about
people that use contraception is about
people that use contraception is about
66%<00:02:40.800> that<00:02:41.040> that's<00:02:41.280> about<00:02:41.640> what<00:02:41.760> you'd<00:02:42.360> expect
66% that that's about what you'd expect
66% that that's about what you'd expect
in<00:02:43.519> El<00:02:43.840> Salvador<00:02:44.800> very<00:02:45.080> similar
in El Salvador very similar
in El Salvador very similar
66%<00:02:47.519> Thailand
66% Thailand
66% Thailand
64%<00:02:50.879> but<00:02:51.040> let's<00:02:51.400> compare<00:02:52.000> that<00:02:52.319> to<00:02:52.560> other
64% but let's compare that to other
64% but let's compare that to other
places<00:02:53.319> like<00:02:53.480> utar<00:02:54.040> Pradesh<00:02:55.000> one<00:02:55.120> of<00:02:55.239> the
places like utar Pradesh one of the
places like utar Pradesh one of the
largest<00:02:55.959> states<00:02:56.280> in<00:02:56.519> India<00:02:57.080> in<00:02:57.319> fact<00:02:57.959> if<00:02:58.120> utar
largest states in India in fact if utar
largest states in India in fact if utar
Pradesh<00:02:59.040> was<00:02:59.200> its<00:02:59.400> own<00:03:00.000> country<00:03:00.800> it<00:03:00.920> would<00:03:01.080> be
Pradesh was its own country it would be
Pradesh was its own country it would be
the<00:03:01.599> fifth<00:03:02.239> largest<00:03:02.920> country<00:03:03.440> in<00:03:03.599> the
the fifth largest country in the
the fifth largest country in the
world<00:03:05.319> their<00:03:05.840> contraception<00:03:06.599> rate
world their contraception rate
world their contraception rate
29%<00:03:09.879> Nigeria<00:03:10.879> the<00:03:11.000> most<00:03:11.560> populous<00:03:12.280> country<00:03:12.720> in
29% Nigeria the most populous country in
29% Nigeria the most populous country in
Africa
Africa
Africa
10%<00:03:16.720> Chad
2%<00:03:21.200> so<00:03:21.519> let's<00:03:21.720> just<00:03:21.920> take<00:03:22.159> one<00:03:22.480> country<00:03:22.760> in
2% so let's just take one country in
2% so let's just take one country in
Africa<00:03:23.400> Sagal<00:03:24.319> their<00:03:24.519> rate<00:03:24.799> is<00:03:24.959> about<00:03:25.400> 12%<00:03:26.400> but
Africa Sagal their rate is about 12% but
Africa Sagal their rate is about 12% but
why<00:03:26.920> is<00:03:27.040> it<00:03:27.319> so<00:03:27.920> low<00:03:28.920> well<00:03:29.120> one<00:03:29.400> reason<00:03:30.000> is<00:03:30.159> that
why is it so low well one reason is that
why is it so low well one reason is that
the<00:03:30.439> most<00:03:30.840> popular<00:03:31.599> contraceptives<00:03:32.599> are
the most popular contraceptives are
the most popular contraceptives are
rarely
rarely
rarely
available<00:03:35.159> women<00:03:35.680> in<00:03:35.959> Africa<00:03:36.360> will<00:03:36.519> tell<00:03:36.760> you
available women in Africa will tell you
available women in Africa will tell you
over<00:03:37.239> and<00:03:37.400> over<00:03:37.640> again<00:03:37.959> that<00:03:38.120> what<00:03:38.280> they
over and over again that what they
over and over again that what they
prefer<00:03:38.879> today<00:03:39.640> is<00:03:39.799> an<00:03:40.040> injectable<00:03:41.040> they<00:03:41.200> get
prefer today is an injectable they get
prefer today is an injectable they get
it<00:03:41.439> in<00:03:41.599> their<00:03:41.959> arm<00:03:42.959> and<00:03:43.120> they<00:03:43.319> go<00:03:43.840> about<00:03:44.159> four
it in their arm and they go about four
it in their arm and they go about four
times<00:03:44.799> a<00:03:44.920> year<00:03:45.120> they<00:03:45.239> have<00:03:45.360> to<00:03:45.439> get<00:03:45.560> it<00:03:45.760> every<00:03:45.959> 3
times a year they have to get it every 3
times a year they have to get it every 3
months<00:03:46.360> to<00:03:46.519> get<00:03:46.640> their<00:03:46.920> injection<00:03:47.920> the<00:03:48.159> reason
months to get their injection the reason
months to get their injection the reason
women<00:03:49.159> like<00:03:49.360> it<00:03:49.560> so<00:03:49.760> much<00:03:49.920> in<00:03:50.280> Africa<00:03:51.280> is<00:03:51.480> they
women like it so much in Africa is they
women like it so much in Africa is they
can<00:03:51.879> hide<00:03:52.120> it<00:03:52.319> from<00:03:52.480> their<00:03:53.040> husbands<00:03:54.040> who
can hide it from their husbands who
can hide it from their husbands who
sometimes<00:03:54.799> want<00:03:55.000> a<00:03:55.079> lot<00:03:55.239> of<00:03:55.799> children<00:03:56.799> the
sometimes want a lot of children the
sometimes want a lot of children the
problem<00:03:57.560> is<00:03:58.159> every<00:03:58.760> other<00:03:59.159> time<00:03:59.879> woman<00:04:00.079> goes
problem is every other time woman goes
problem is every other time woman goes
into<00:04:00.519> a<00:04:00.640> clinic<00:04:00.959> in<00:04:01.319> Sagal<00:04:02.319> That<00:04:02.519> injection<00:04:03.000> is
into a clinic in Sagal That injection is
into a clinic in Sagal That injection is
stocked<00:04:03.959> out<00:04:04.959> it's<00:04:05.200> stocked<00:04:05.680> out
stocked out it's stocked out
stocked out it's stocked out
150<00:04:07.760> days<00:04:08.360> out<00:04:08.560> of<00:04:08.720> the<00:04:08.879> year<00:04:09.840> so<00:04:10.079> can<00:04:10.200> you
150 days out of the year so can you
150 days out of the year so can you
imagine<00:04:10.840> the<00:04:11.079> situation<00:04:11.760> she<00:04:12.000> walks<00:04:12.439> all<00:04:12.799> this
imagine the situation she walks all this
imagine the situation she walks all this
way<00:04:13.519> to<00:04:13.680> go<00:04:13.840> get<00:04:13.959> her<00:04:14.200> injection<00:04:14.720> she<00:04:14.879> leaves
way to go get her injection she leaves
way to go get her injection she leaves
her<00:04:15.360> field<00:04:16.160> sometimes<00:04:16.359> leaves<00:04:16.600> her<00:04:16.840> children
her field sometimes leaves her children
her field sometimes leaves her children
and<00:04:18.000> it's<00:04:18.199> not<00:04:18.519> there<00:04:19.320> and<00:04:19.440> she<00:04:19.639> doesn't<00:04:19.959> know
and it's not there and she doesn't know
and it's not there and she doesn't know
when<00:04:20.440> it's<00:04:20.600> going<00:04:20.720> to<00:04:20.840> be<00:04:21.000> available
when it's going to be available
when it's going to be available
again<00:04:23.080> this<00:04:23.280> is<00:04:23.520> the<00:04:23.840> same<00:04:24.400> story<00:04:25.280> across<00:04:25.880> the
again this is the same story across the
again this is the same story across the
continent<00:04:26.520> of<00:04:26.759> Africa<00:04:27.360> today<00:04:28.360> and<00:04:28.479> so<00:04:28.759> what
continent of Africa today and so what
continent of Africa today and so what
we've<00:04:29.120> created<00:04:29.479> as<00:04:29.759> a<00:04:29.919> world<00:04:30.560> has<00:04:30.759> become<00:04:31.080> a
we've created as a world has become a
we've created as a world has become a
life<00:04:31.400> and<00:04:31.600> death<00:04:31.919> crisis<00:04:32.919> there<00:04:33.039> are<00:04:33.840> 100,000
life and death crisis there are 100,000
life and death crisis there are 100,000
women<00:04:35.639> who<00:04:36.039> say<00:04:37.039> they<00:04:37.240> don't<00:04:37.560> want<00:04:37.759> to<00:04:37.880> be
women who say they don't want to be
women who say they don't want to be
pregnant<00:04:39.160> and<00:04:39.360> they<00:04:39.600> die<00:04:39.880> in<00:04:40.160> childbirth<00:04:41.160> a
pregnant and they die in childbirth a
pregnant and they die in childbirth a
100,000<00:04:42.120> women<00:04:42.400> a<00:04:42.560> year<00:04:43.440> there<00:04:43.560> are<00:04:43.720> another
100,000 women a year there are another
100,000 women a year there are another
600,000<00:04:45.440> women<00:04:46.000> who<00:04:46.120> say<00:04:46.400> they<00:04:46.520> didn't<00:04:46.759> want
600,000 women who say they didn't want
600,000 women who say they didn't want
to<00:04:47.000> be<00:04:47.160> pregnant<00:04:47.520> in<00:04:47.639> the<00:04:47.800> first<00:04:48.120> place<00:04:48.800> and
to be pregnant in the first place and
to be pregnant in the first place and
they<00:04:49.160> give<00:04:49.400> birth<00:04:49.680> to<00:04:49.800> a<00:04:50.000> baby<00:04:50.919> and<00:04:51.080> her<00:04:51.280> baby
they give birth to a baby and her baby
they give birth to a baby and her baby
dies<00:04:52.280> in<00:04:52.440> that<00:04:52.720> first<00:04:53.080> month<00:04:53.400> of
dies in that first month of
dies in that first month of
life<00:04:55.440> now<00:04:55.919> I<00:04:56.440> know<00:04:57.440> everyone<00:04:57.919> wants<00:04:58.199> to<00:04:58.479> save
life now I know everyone wants to save
life now I know everyone wants to save
these<00:04:59.360> m<00:04:59.720> others<00:05:00.160> and<00:05:00.360> these
these m others and these
these m others and these
children<00:05:02.320> but<00:05:02.680> somewhere<00:05:03.400> along<00:05:03.880> the<00:05:04.080> way<00:05:04.800> we
children but somewhere along the way we
children but somewhere along the way we
got<00:05:05.320> confused<00:05:06.000> by<00:05:06.120> our<00:05:06.320> own<00:05:07.160> conversation<00:05:08.160> and
got confused by our own conversation and
got confused by our own conversation and
we<00:05:08.600> stop<00:05:09.080> trying<00:05:09.520> to<00:05:09.720> save<00:05:10.120> these
we stop trying to save these
we stop trying to save these
lives<00:05:12.639> so<00:05:12.919> if<00:05:13.039> we're<00:05:13.240> going<00:05:13.360> to<00:05:13.560> make<00:05:13.919> progress
lives so if we're going to make progress
lives so if we're going to make progress
on<00:05:14.680> this<00:05:15.160> issue<00:05:16.160> we<00:05:16.320> have<00:05:16.440> to<00:05:16.600> be<00:05:17.039> really<00:05:17.560> clear
on this issue we have to be really clear
on this issue we have to be really clear
about<00:05:18.360> what<00:05:18.479> our<00:05:18.720> agenda<00:05:19.319> is<00:05:20.319> we're<00:05:20.560> not
about what our agenda is we're not
about what our agenda is we're not
talking<00:05:21.240> about<00:05:21.720> abortion<00:05:22.720> we're<00:05:23.080> not<00:05:23.440> talking
talking about abortion we're not talking
talking about abortion we're not talking
about<00:05:24.240> population<00:05:25.120> control<00:05:26.120> what<00:05:26.440> I'm
about population control what I'm
about population control what I'm
talking<00:05:27.120> about<00:05:27.880> is<00:05:28.160> giving<00:05:28.680> women<00:05:29.199> the<00:05:29.440> power
talking about is giving women the power
talking about is giving women the power
power<00:05:30.479> to<00:05:30.759> save<00:05:31.199> their<00:05:31.639> lives<00:05:32.639> to<00:05:32.800> save<00:05:33.080> their
power to save their lives to save their
power to save their lives to save their
children's<00:05:33.880> lives<00:05:34.759> and<00:05:34.880> to<00:05:35.080> give<00:05:35.319> their
children's lives and to give their
children's lives and to give their
families<00:05:36.080> the<00:05:36.400> best<00:05:36.919> possible
families the best possible
families the best possible
future<00:05:39.800> now<00:05:40.800> as<00:05:40.919> a<00:05:41.120> world<00:05:41.479> there<00:05:41.600> are<00:05:41.919> lots<00:05:42.199> of
future now as a world there are lots of
future now as a world there are lots of
things<00:05:42.639> we<00:05:42.800> have<00:05:42.919> to<00:05:43.039> do<00:05:43.280> in<00:05:43.400> the<00:05:43.520> global
things we have to do in the global
things we have to do in the global
Health<00:05:44.080> Community<00:05:44.639> if<00:05:44.759> we<00:05:44.880> want<00:05:45.000> to<00:05:45.160> make<00:05:45.400> the
Health Community if we want to make the
Health Community if we want to make the
world<00:05:46.039> better<00:05:46.360> in<00:05:46.479> the<00:05:46.919> future<00:05:47.919> things<00:05:48.280> like
world better in the future things like
world better in the future things like
fight<00:05:48.880> diseases<00:05:49.800> so<00:05:50.120> many<00:05:50.400> children<00:05:50.759> today
fight diseases so many children today
fight diseases so many children today
die<00:05:51.560> of<00:05:51.720> diarrhea<00:05:52.360> as<00:05:52.440> you<00:05:52.560> heard<00:05:52.800> earlier<00:05:53.240> and
die of diarrhea as you heard earlier and
die of diarrhea as you heard earlier and
pneumonia<00:05:54.199> they<00:05:54.360> kill<00:05:54.600> literally<00:05:54.960> millions
pneumonia they kill literally millions
pneumonia they kill literally millions
of<00:05:55.440> children<00:05:55.720> a<00:05:55.880> year<00:05:56.840> we<00:05:57.039> also<00:05:57.319> need<00:05:57.520> to<00:05:57.720> help
of children a year we also need to help
of children a year we also need to help
small<00:05:58.360> farmers<00:05:58.919> farmers<00:05:59.280> who<00:06:00.080> who<00:06:00.479> plow<00:06:01.000> small
small farmers farmers who who plow small
small farmers farmers who who plow small
plots<00:06:01.639> of<00:06:01.800> land<00:06:02.120> in<00:06:02.479> Africa<00:06:03.479> so<00:06:03.680> that<00:06:03.840> they<00:06:03.960> can
plots of land in Africa so that they can
plots of land in Africa so that they can
grow<00:06:04.400> enough<00:06:04.639> food<00:06:04.880> to<00:06:05.000> feed<00:06:05.280> their<00:06:05.479> children
grow enough food to feed their children
grow enough food to feed their children
and<00:06:06.520> we<00:06:06.639> have<00:06:06.720> to<00:06:06.840> make<00:06:07.000> sure<00:06:07.160> that<00:06:07.319> children
and we have to make sure that children
and we have to make sure that children
are<00:06:07.800> educated<00:06:08.280> around<00:06:08.599> the
are educated around the
are educated around the
world<00:06:10.560> but<00:06:10.800> one<00:06:11.000> of<00:06:11.160> the<00:06:11.560> simplest<00:06:12.560> and<00:06:12.759> most
world but one of the simplest and most
world but one of the simplest and most
transformative<00:06:14.199> things<00:06:14.560> we<00:06:14.720> can<00:06:14.919> do<00:06:15.840> is<00:06:15.960> to
transformative things we can do is to
transformative things we can do is to
give<00:06:16.520> everybody<00:06:17.400> access<00:06:17.759> to<00:06:17.960> birth<00:06:18.280> control
give everybody access to birth control
give everybody access to birth control
methods<00:06:19.759> that<00:06:20.000> almost<00:06:20.479> all<00:06:20.759> Germans<00:06:21.280> have
methods that almost all Germans have
methods that almost all Germans have
access<00:06:21.919> to<00:06:22.599> and<00:06:22.840> all<00:06:23.080> Americans<00:06:24.000> at<00:06:24.240> some
access to and all Americans at some
access to and all Americans at some
point<00:06:25.199> they<00:06:25.400> use<00:06:25.759> these<00:06:26.000> tools<00:06:26.440> during<00:06:26.759> their
point they use these tools during their
point they use these tools during their
life<00:06:28.560> and<00:06:28.840> I<00:06:29.120> think<00:06:30.000> as<00:06:30.199> long<00:06:30.440> as<00:06:30.639> we're<00:06:31.080> really
life and I think as long as we're really
life and I think as long as we're really
clear<00:06:32.639> about<00:06:32.919> what<00:06:33.039> our<00:06:33.280> agenda<00:06:33.759> is<00:06:34.560> there's<00:06:34.759> a
clear about what our agenda is there's a
clear about what our agenda is there's a
global<00:06:35.400> movement<00:06:35.880> waiting<00:06:36.199> to<00:06:36.440> happen<00:06:37.160> and
global movement waiting to happen and
global movement waiting to happen and
ready<00:06:37.759> to<00:06:37.960> get<00:06:38.240> behind<00:06:39.240> this<00:06:39.560> totally
ready to get behind this totally
ready to get behind this totally
uncontroversial
uncontroversial
uncontroversial
idea<00:06:43.880> when<00:06:44.080> I<00:06:44.240> grew<00:06:44.520> up<00:06:45.240> I<00:06:45.400> grew<00:06:45.639> up<00:06:45.759> in<00:06:45.840> a
idea when I grew up I grew up in a
idea when I grew up I grew up in a
Catholic<00:06:46.360> home<00:06:47.319> I<00:06:47.479> still<00:06:48.080> consider<00:06:48.520> myself<00:06:48.880> a
Catholic home I still consider myself a
Catholic home I still consider myself a
practicing<00:06:49.759> Catholic<00:06:50.759> my<00:06:50.960> mom's<00:06:51.840> great<00:06:52.199> uncle
practicing Catholic my mom's great uncle
practicing Catholic my mom's great uncle
was<00:06:53.039> a<00:06:53.199> Jesuit<00:06:53.919> priest<00:06:54.919> my<00:06:55.199> great<00:06:55.639> aunt<00:06:56.479> was<00:06:56.639> a
was a Jesuit priest my great aunt was a
was a Jesuit priest my great aunt was a
Dominican<00:06:57.319> nun<00:06:58.280> she<00:06:58.440> was<00:06:58.560> a<00:06:58.720> school<00:06:59.080> teacher
Dominican nun she was a school teacher
Dominican nun she was a school teacher
and<00:06:59.919> a<00:07:00.080> principal<00:07:00.599> her<00:07:00.840> entire<00:07:01.400> life<00:07:02.080> in<00:07:02.240> fact
and a principal her entire life in fact
and a principal her entire life in fact
she's<00:07:02.759> the<00:07:02.840> one<00:07:03.000> that<00:07:03.160> taught<00:07:03.400> me<00:07:03.599> as<00:07:03.680> a<00:07:03.840> young
she's the one that taught me as a young
she's the one that taught me as a young
girl<00:07:04.560> how<00:07:04.680> to
girl how to
girl how to
read<00:07:06.479> I<00:07:06.599> was<00:07:06.840> very<00:07:07.080> close<00:07:07.319> to<00:07:07.720> her<00:07:08.720> and<00:07:08.919> I<00:07:09.080> went
read I was very close to her and I went
read I was very close to her and I went
to<00:07:09.520> Catholic<00:07:09.840> schools<00:07:10.319> for<00:07:10.560> my<00:07:10.800> entire
to Catholic schools for my entire
to Catholic schools for my entire
childhood<00:07:12.000> until<00:07:12.319> I<00:07:12.479> left<00:07:12.759> home<00:07:13.080> to<00:07:13.240> go<00:07:13.360> to
childhood until I left home to go to
childhood until I left home to go to
university<00:07:15.199> and<00:07:15.319> in<00:07:15.560> my<00:07:15.800> high<00:07:16.000> school<00:07:16.879> ursin
university and in my high school ursin
university and in my high school ursin
academy<00:07:18.639> the<00:07:18.800> nuns<00:07:19.319> made<00:07:19.960> service<00:07:20.960> and<00:07:21.280> social
academy the nuns made service and social
academy the nuns made service and social
justice<00:07:22.240> a<00:07:22.520> high<00:07:22.800> priority<00:07:23.400> in<00:07:23.599> the
justice a high priority in the
justice a high priority in the
school<00:07:25.560> and<00:07:25.720> today<00:07:26.080> in<00:07:26.240> the<00:07:26.400> foundation's
school and today in the foundation's
school and today in the foundation's
work<00:07:27.960> I<00:07:28.160> believe<00:07:28.639> I'm<00:07:28.840> applying<00:07:29.680> the<00:07:29.840> lessons
work I believe I'm applying the lessons
work I believe I'm applying the lessons
that<00:07:30.440> I<00:07:30.599> learned<00:07:31.120> in<00:07:31.319> high
that I learned in high
that I learned in high
school<00:07:33.599> so<00:07:33.840> in<00:07:33.960> the<00:07:34.160> tradition<00:07:34.800> of<00:07:35.080> Catholic
school so in the tradition of Catholic
school so in the tradition of Catholic
Scholars<00:07:36.520> the<00:07:36.639> nuns<00:07:37.280> also<00:07:37.960> taught<00:07:38.360> us<00:07:38.960> to
Scholars the nuns also taught us to
Scholars the nuns also taught us to
question<00:07:40.280> receive
question receive
question receive
teachings<00:07:42.680> and<00:07:42.879> one<00:07:43.039> of<00:07:43.199> the<00:07:43.440> teachings<00:07:44.440> that
teachings and one of the teachings that
teachings and one of the teachings that
we<00:07:45.080> girls<00:07:45.599> and<00:07:45.800> my<00:07:46.039> peers<00:07:46.960> questioned<00:07:47.960> was<00:07:48.280> is
we girls and my peers questioned was is
we girls and my peers questioned was is
birth<00:07:49.199> control<00:07:50.199> really<00:07:50.680> a
birth control really a
birth control really a
sin<00:07:52.919> because<00:07:53.199> I<00:07:53.319> think<00:07:53.680> one<00:07:53.800> of<00:07:53.919> the<00:07:54.120> reasons
sin because I think one of the reasons
sin because I think one of the reasons
we<00:07:54.879> have<00:07:55.120> this<00:07:55.400> huge<00:07:56.080> discomfort<00:07:57.080> talking
we have this huge discomfort talking
we have this huge discomfort talking
about<00:07:57.960> contraception<00:07:58.960> is<00:07:59.120> this<00:07:59.520> lingering
about contraception is this lingering
about contraception is this lingering
concern<00:08:00.960> that<00:08:01.120> if<00:08:01.240> we<00:08:01.560> separate<00:08:02.280> sex<00:08:03.120> from
concern that if we separate sex from
concern that if we separate sex from
reproduction<00:08:04.360> we're<00:08:04.520> going<00:08:04.599> to<00:08:04.879> promote
reproduction we're going to promote
reproduction we're going to promote
promiscuity<00:08:07.000> and<00:08:07.120> I<00:08:07.199> think<00:08:07.319> it's<00:08:07.479> a
promiscuity and I think it's a
promiscuity and I think it's a
reasonable<00:08:08.199> question<00:08:08.560> to<00:08:08.720> be<00:08:09.000> asked<00:08:09.840> about
reasonable question to be asked about
reasonable question to be asked about
contraception<00:08:11.479> what<00:08:11.800> is<00:08:12.440> its<00:08:12.800> impact<00:08:13.680> on
contraception what is its impact on
contraception what is its impact on
sexual
sexual
sexual
morality<00:08:16.599> but<00:08:16.800> like<00:08:17.080> most<00:08:17.440> women<00:08:18.159> my<00:08:18.440> decision
morality but like most women my decision
morality but like most women my decision
about<00:08:19.120> birth<00:08:19.440> control<00:08:20.319> had<00:08:20.560> nothing<00:08:20.879> to<00:08:21.080> do
about birth control had nothing to do
about birth control had nothing to do
with<00:08:22.319> promiscuity<00:08:23.319> I<00:08:23.479> had<00:08:23.560> a<00:08:23.759> plan<00:08:24.360> for<00:08:24.560> my
with promiscuity I had a plan for my
with promiscuity I had a plan for my
future<00:08:25.560> I<00:08:25.639> wanted<00:08:25.919> to<00:08:26.039> go<00:08:26.159> to<00:08:26.400> college<00:08:26.800> I
future I wanted to go to college I
future I wanted to go to college I
studied<00:08:27.599> really<00:08:27.919> hard<00:08:28.199> in<00:08:28.440> college<00:08:29.120> and<00:08:29.240> I<00:08:29.560> was
studied really hard in college and I was
studied really hard in college and I was
proud<00:08:30.120> to<00:08:30.240> be<00:08:30.440> one<00:08:30.560> of<00:08:30.680> the<00:08:30.879> very<00:08:31.199> few<00:08:31.720> female
proud to be one of the very few female
proud to be one of the very few female
computer<00:08:32.839> science<00:08:33.320> graduates<00:08:33.959> at<00:08:34.080> my
computer science graduates at my
computer science graduates at my
University<00:08:35.760> I<00:08:35.839> wanted<00:08:36.120> to<00:08:36.240> have<00:08:36.360> a<00:08:36.519> career<00:08:37.200> so
University I wanted to have a career so
University I wanted to have a career so
I<00:08:37.599> went<00:08:37.760> on<00:08:37.880> to<00:08:38.080> business<00:08:38.399> school<00:08:39.080> and<00:08:39.240> I
I went on to business school and I
I went on to business school and I
became<00:08:39.719> one<00:08:39.839> of<00:08:39.959> the<00:08:40.080> youngest<00:08:40.519> female
became one of the youngest female
became one of the youngest female
Executives<00:08:41.479> at
Executives at
Executives at
Microsoft<00:08:44.600> I<00:08:44.760> still<00:08:45.120> remember<00:08:45.680> though<00:08:45.880> when<00:08:46.040> I
Microsoft I still remember though when I
Microsoft I still remember though when I
left<00:08:46.519> my<00:08:46.760> parents'<00:08:47.200> home<00:08:47.640> to<00:08:47.800> move<00:08:48.160> across<00:08:48.519> the
left my parents' home to move across the
left my parents' home to move across the
country<00:08:48.920> to<00:08:49.080> start<00:08:49.440> this<00:08:49.600> new<00:08:49.839> job<00:08:50.080> at
country to start this new job at
country to start this new job at
Microsoft<00:08:51.640> they<00:08:51.839> had<00:08:52.160> sacrificed<00:08:53.000> a<00:08:53.240> lot<00:08:53.920> to
Microsoft they had sacrificed a lot to
Microsoft they had sacrificed a lot to
give<00:08:54.320> me<00:08:54.640> five<00:08:55.120> years<00:08:55.519> of<00:08:55.720> higher
give me five years of higher
give me five years of higher
education<00:08:57.640> but<00:08:57.839> they<00:08:58.040> said<00:08:58.399> as<00:08:58.519> I<00:08:58.680> left<00:08:58.920> home
education but they said as I left home
education but they said as I left home
and<00:08:59.200> I<00:08:59.480> literally<00:08:59.959> went<00:09:00.200> down<00:09:00.399> the<00:09:00.519> front
and I literally went down the front
and I literally went down the front
steps<00:09:01.200> down<00:09:01.399> the<00:09:01.519> porch<00:09:01.839> at<00:09:02.040> home<00:09:02.360> and<00:09:02.480> they
steps down the porch at home and they
steps down the porch at home and they
said<00:09:03.640> even<00:09:03.959> though<00:09:04.279> you've<00:09:04.560> had<00:09:04.760> this<00:09:05.000> great
said even though you've had this great
said even though you've had this great
education<00:09:06.920> if<00:09:07.079> you<00:09:07.519> decide<00:09:08.120> to<00:09:08.320> get<00:09:08.600> married
education if you decide to get married
education if you decide to get married
and<00:09:09.760> have<00:09:10.079> kids<00:09:10.600> right<00:09:11.079> away<00:09:12.079> that's<00:09:12.440> okay<00:09:12.680> by
and have kids right away that's okay by
and have kids right away that's okay by
us
us
us
too<00:09:14.680> they<00:09:14.920> wanted<00:09:15.800> me<00:09:16.200> to<00:09:16.399> do<00:09:16.680> the<00:09:16.880> thing<00:09:17.240> that
too they wanted me to do the thing that
too they wanted me to do the thing that
would<00:09:17.560> make<00:09:17.839> me<00:09:18.160> the<00:09:18.360> very<00:09:18.839> happiest<00:09:19.839> and<00:09:20.000> I
would make me the very happiest and I
would make me the very happiest and I
was<00:09:20.279> free<00:09:20.600> to<00:09:20.839> decide<00:09:21.240> what<00:09:21.440> that<00:09:21.560> would<00:09:21.800> be<00:09:22.760> it
was free to decide what that would be it
was free to decide what that would be it
was<00:09:23.079> an<00:09:23.360> amazing
was an amazing
was an amazing
feeling<00:09:26.160> but<00:09:26.360> in<00:09:26.600> fact<00:09:27.600> I<00:09:27.839> did<00:09:28.160> want<00:09:28.320> to<00:09:28.560> have
feeling but in fact I did want to have
feeling but in fact I did want to have
kids
kids
kids
but<00:09:30.279> I<00:09:30.680> wanted<00:09:31.040> to<00:09:31.279> have<00:09:31.480> them<00:09:31.720> when<00:09:32.079> I<00:09:32.519> was
but I wanted to have them when I was
but I wanted to have them when I was
ready<00:09:34.000> and<00:09:34.120> so<00:09:34.480> now<00:09:35.160> bill<00:09:35.399> and<00:09:35.560> I<00:09:35.760> have<00:09:36.440> three
ready and so now bill and I have three
ready and so now bill and I have three
and<00:09:37.560> when<00:09:37.680> our<00:09:37.839> eldest<00:09:38.399> daughter<00:09:38.760> was<00:09:39.399> born<00:09:40.399> we
and when our eldest daughter was born we
and when our eldest daughter was born we
weren't<00:09:41.120> I<00:09:41.200> would<00:09:41.399> say<00:09:42.000> exactly<00:09:42.600> sure<00:09:43.000> how<00:09:43.120> to
weren't I would say exactly sure how to
weren't I would say exactly sure how to
be<00:09:43.440> great<00:09:43.760> parents<00:09:44.160> maybe<00:09:44.440> some<00:09:44.600> of<00:09:44.720> you<00:09:44.920> know
be great parents maybe some of you know
be great parents maybe some of you know
that<00:09:45.720> feeling<00:09:46.720> and<00:09:46.800> so<00:09:47.000> we<00:09:47.160> waited<00:09:47.440> a<00:09:47.560> little
that feeling and so we waited a little
that feeling and so we waited a little
while<00:09:48.160> before<00:09:48.440> we<00:09:48.600> had<00:09:48.760> our<00:09:48.959> second<00:09:49.640> child<00:09:50.640> and
while before we had our second child and
while before we had our second child and
you<00:09:51.440> know<00:09:51.800> it's<00:09:52.000> no<00:09:52.399> accident<00:09:52.880> that<00:09:53.040> we<00:09:53.160> have
you know it's no accident that we have
you know it's no accident that we have
three<00:09:53.800> children<00:09:54.160> that<00:09:54.279> are<00:09:54.440> spaced<00:09:55.240> three
three children that are spaced three
three children that are spaced three
years<00:09:56.079> apart<00:09:57.079> and<00:09:57.320> now<00:09:57.600> as<00:09:57.720> a<00:09:57.920> mother<00:09:58.680> what<00:09:58.839> do
years apart and now as a mother what do
years apart and now as a mother what do
I<00:09:59.560> want<00:09:59.800> the<00:10:00.079> very<00:10:00.399> most<00:10:00.760> for<00:10:01.079> my
I want the very most for my
I want the very most for my
children<00:10:03.040> I<00:10:03.160> want<00:10:03.399> them<00:10:03.519> to<00:10:03.680> feel<00:10:04.040> the<00:10:04.160> way<00:10:04.560> I
children I want them to feel the way I
children I want them to feel the way I
did<00:10:05.800> like<00:10:06.040> they<00:10:06.160> can<00:10:06.360> do<00:10:06.920> anything<00:10:07.920> they<00:10:08.079> want
did like they can do anything they want
did like they can do anything they want
to<00:10:08.440> do<00:10:08.920> in
to do in
to do in
life<00:10:11.560> and<00:10:11.680> so<00:10:12.000> what<00:10:12.160> has<00:10:12.360> struck<00:10:12.839> me<00:10:13.120> as<00:10:13.320> I've
life and so what has struck me as I've
life and so what has struck me as I've
traveled<00:10:14.120> the<00:10:14.360> last<00:10:14.760> decade<00:10:15.120> for<00:10:15.360> the
traveled the last decade for the
traveled the last decade for the
foundation<00:10:16.079> around<00:10:16.480> the<00:10:16.760> world<00:10:17.760> is<00:10:17.920> that<00:10:18.279> all
foundation around the world is that all
foundation around the world is that all
women<00:10:20.040> want<00:10:20.480> that<00:10:20.800> same
women want that same
women want that same
thing<00:10:23.040> last<00:10:23.519> year<00:10:24.160> I<00:10:24.279> was<00:10:24.399> in<00:10:24.680> Nairobi<00:10:25.680> in<00:10:25.800> the
thing last year I was in Nairobi in the
thing last year I was in Nairobi in the
slums<00:10:26.480> in<00:10:26.720> one<00:10:26.920> called<00:10:27.200> coroa<00:10:28.079> which
slums in one called coroa which
slums in one called coroa which
literally<00:10:28.959> means<00:10:29.320> means<00:10:29.640> it<00:10:29.800> when<00:10:30.079> translated
literally means means it when translated
literally means means it when translated
standing<00:10:31.360> shoulder<00:10:31.800> Tosh<00:10:32.320> shoulder<00:10:33.320> and<00:10:33.440> I
standing shoulder Tosh shoulder and I
standing shoulder Tosh shoulder and I
spoke<00:10:33.880> with<00:10:34.040> this<00:10:34.240> women's<00:10:34.680> group<00:10:35.000> that's
spoke with this women's group that's
spoke with this women's group that's
pictured<00:10:35.680> here<00:10:36.399> and<00:10:36.519> the<00:10:36.680> women<00:10:37.000> talked<00:10:37.959> very
pictured here and the women talked very
pictured here and the women talked very
openly<00:10:38.760> about<00:10:39.000> their<00:10:39.240> family<00:10:39.560> life<00:10:39.760> in<00:10:39.920> the
openly about their family life in the
openly about their family life in the
slums<00:10:40.560> what<00:10:40.680> it<00:10:40.839> was<00:10:41.120> like<00:10:41.959> and<00:10:42.120> they<00:10:42.279> talk
slums what it was like and they talk
slums what it was like and they talk
quite<00:10:42.920> intimately<00:10:43.480> about<00:10:43.760> what<00:10:43.920> they<00:10:44.079> did<00:10:44.320> for
quite intimately about what they did for
quite intimately about what they did for
birth<00:10:45.360> control<00:10:46.360> and<00:10:46.560> MaryAnn<00:10:47.120> who's<00:10:47.360> in<00:10:47.480> the
birth control and MaryAnn who's in the
birth control and MaryAnn who's in the
center<00:10:47.839> of<00:10:47.959> this<00:10:48.079> screen<00:10:48.360> in<00:10:48.480> the<00:10:48.639> red<00:10:48.800> sweater
center of this screen in the red sweater
center of this screen in the red sweater
she<00:10:49.920> summed<00:10:50.399> up<00:10:50.720> that<00:10:50.959> entire<00:10:51.639> 2hour
she summed up that entire 2hour
she summed up that entire 2hour
conversation<00:10:53.320> in<00:10:53.440> a<00:10:53.600> phrase<00:10:53.920> that<00:10:54.120> I<00:10:54.240> will
conversation in a phrase that I will
conversation in a phrase that I will
never
never
never
forget<00:10:56.760> she<00:10:57.079> said<00:10:58.079> I<00:10:58.320> want<00:10:58.560> to<00:10:58.800> bring
forget she said I want to bring
forget she said I want to bring
every<00:11:00.839> good<00:11:01.399> thing<00:11:01.800> to<00:11:02.120> this
every good thing to this
every good thing to this
child<00:11:04.040> before<00:11:04.399> I<00:11:04.560> have
child before I have
child before I have
another<00:11:06.600> and<00:11:06.760> I<00:11:06.959> thought<00:11:07.680> that's<00:11:07.959> it<00:11:08.880> that's
another and I thought that's it that's
another and I thought that's it that's
Universal<00:11:10.760> we<00:11:11.040> all<00:11:11.360> want<00:11:11.560> to<00:11:11.760> bring<00:11:12.639> every
Universal we all want to bring every
Universal we all want to bring every
good<00:11:13.680> thing<00:11:14.079> to<00:11:14.360> our
good thing to our
good thing to our
children<00:11:16.440> but<00:11:16.639> what's<00:11:16.920> not<00:11:17.279> Universal<00:11:17.959> is<00:11:18.079> our
children but what's not Universal is our
children but what's not Universal is our
ability<00:11:18.720> to<00:11:19.040> provide<00:11:19.800> every<00:11:20.079> good<00:11:20.560> thing<00:11:21.560> so
ability to provide every good thing so
ability to provide every good thing so
many<00:11:22.120> women<00:11:22.480> suffer<00:11:22.880> from<00:11:23.079> demestic<00:11:23.639> violence
many women suffer from demestic violence
many women suffer from demestic violence
and<00:11:24.320> they<00:11:24.480> can't<00:11:24.720> even<00:11:25.120> broach<00:11:25.720> the<00:11:25.920> subject
and they can't even broach the subject
and they can't even broach the subject
of<00:11:26.440> contraception<00:11:27.279> even<00:11:27.560> inside<00:11:27.959> their<00:11:28.120> own
of contraception even inside their own
of contraception even inside their own
marriage<00:11:29.639> there<00:11:29.880> many<00:11:30.200> women<00:11:30.680> who<00:11:30.880> lack<00:11:31.200> the
marriage there many women who lack the
marriage there many women who lack the
basic
basic
basic
education<00:11:33.320> but<00:11:33.600> even<00:11:33.959> many<00:11:34.200> of<00:11:34.320> the<00:11:34.519> women<00:11:34.880> who
education but even many of the women who
education but even many of the women who
do<00:11:35.600> have<00:11:35.880> knowledge<00:11:36.639> and<00:11:36.839> they<00:11:37.000> do<00:11:37.560> have<00:11:37.920> power
do have knowledge and they do have power
do have knowledge and they do have power
don't<00:11:39.279> have<00:11:39.560> access<00:11:39.920> to<00:11:40.360> contraceptives<00:11:41.360> you
don't have access to contraceptives you
don't have access to contraceptives you
know<00:11:41.680> for<00:11:42.440> 250<00:11:43.760> years<00:11:44.760> parents<00:11:45.399> around<00:11:45.760> the
know for 250 years parents around the
know for 250 years parents around the
world<00:11:46.680> have<00:11:46.839> been<00:11:47.079> deciding<00:11:47.639> to<00:11:47.880> have<00:11:48.120> smaller
world have been deciding to have smaller
world have been deciding to have smaller
families<00:11:50.600> this<00:11:50.880> trend<00:11:51.360> has<00:11:51.519> been<00:11:51.720> steady<00:11:52.120> for
families this trend has been steady for
families this trend has been steady for
a<00:11:52.600> quarter<00:11:53.160> of<00:11:53.320> a<00:11:53.720> millennium<00:11:54.720> across
a quarter of a millennium across
a quarter of a millennium across
cultures<00:11:55.959> and<00:11:56.160> across
cultures and across
cultures and across
geographies<00:11:58.279> with<00:11:58.440> the<00:11:58.639> glaring<00:11:59.480> exception
geographies with the glaring exception
geographies with the glaring exception
of<00:12:00.720> subsaharan<00:12:01.639> Africa<00:12:02.639> and<00:12:02.920> South
of subsaharan Africa and South
of subsaharan Africa and South
Asia<00:12:05.360> you<00:12:05.480> know<00:12:05.639> the<00:12:05.800> French<00:12:06.240> started
Asia you know the French started
Asia you know the French started
bringing<00:12:06.959> down<00:12:07.240> their<00:12:07.480> family<00:12:07.839> size<00:12:08.160> in<00:12:08.279> the
bringing down their family size in the
bringing down their family size in the
mid<00:12:08.839> 1700s<00:12:09.839> and<00:12:10.000> over<00:12:10.240> the<00:12:10.480> next<00:12:10.920> 150<00:12:11.880> years
mid 1700s and over the next 150 years
mid 1700s and over the next 150 years
this<00:12:12.920> trend<00:12:13.519> spread<00:12:14.519> all<00:12:14.800> across<00:12:15.480> Europe<00:12:16.480> and
this trend spread all across Europe and
this trend spread all across Europe and
the<00:12:16.760> surprising<00:12:17.399> thing<00:12:17.600> to<00:12:17.800> me<00:12:18.120> as<00:12:18.240> I<00:12:18.399> learned
the surprising thing to me as I learned
the surprising thing to me as I learned
this<00:12:19.079> history<00:12:20.079> was<00:12:20.240> that<00:12:20.399> it<00:12:20.560> spread<00:12:21.320> not
this history was that it spread not
this history was that it spread not
along<00:12:23.639> socioeconomic<00:12:24.639> lines<00:12:25.040> but<00:12:25.199> around
along socioeconomic lines but around
along socioeconomic lines but around
cultural<00:12:26.240> lines<00:12:26.959> people<00:12:27.279> who<00:12:27.560> spoke<00:12:28.040> the<00:12:28.240> same
cultural lines people who spoke the same
cultural lines people who spoke the same
language<00:12:29.279> made<00:12:29.600> that<00:12:29.800> change<00:12:30.240> as<00:12:30.320> a<00:12:30.480> group
language made that change as a group
language made that change as a group
they<00:12:31.000> made<00:12:31.279> the<00:12:31.480> same<00:12:31.800> choice<00:12:32.160> for<00:12:32.360> their
they made the same choice for their
they made the same choice for their
family<00:12:33.399> whether<00:12:33.680> they<00:12:33.800> were<00:12:34.160> rich<00:12:35.160> or<00:12:35.360> whether
family whether they were rich or whether
family whether they were rich or whether
they<00:12:35.720> were
they were
they were
poor<00:12:37.880> and<00:12:38.000> the<00:12:38.240> reason<00:12:38.760> that<00:12:38.920> Trend<00:12:39.279> towards
poor and the reason that Trend towards
poor and the reason that Trend towards
smaller<00:12:40.000> families<00:12:40.360> spread<00:12:41.079> was<00:12:41.240> that<00:12:41.480> this
smaller families spread was that this
smaller families spread was that this
whole<00:12:42.040> way<00:12:42.399> was<00:12:42.639> driven<00:12:43.079> by<00:12:43.279> an<00:12:43.800> idea<00:12:44.800> the<00:12:45.360> idea
whole way was driven by an idea the idea
whole way was driven by an idea the idea
that<00:12:46.320> couples<00:12:46.800> can<00:12:47.120> exercise<00:12:48.040> conscious
that couples can exercise conscious
that couples can exercise conscious
control<00:12:49.800> over<00:12:50.079> how<00:12:50.240> many<00:12:50.519> children<00:12:50.959> they
control over how many children they
control over how many children they
have<00:12:53.279> this<00:12:53.800> is<00:12:53.920> a<00:12:54.399> very<00:12:55.160> powerful<00:12:56.160> idea<00:12:57.160> it
have this is a very powerful idea it
have this is a very powerful idea it
means<00:12:57.639> that<00:12:57.920> parents<00:12:58.320> have<00:12:58.519> the<00:12:58.639> ability<00:12:59.440> to
means that parents have the ability to
means that parents have the ability to
affect<00:13:00.480> the<00:13:01.120> future<00:13:02.120> not<00:13:02.600> just<00:13:03.079> accept<00:13:03.480> it<00:13:04.279> as
affect the future not just accept it as
affect the future not just accept it as
it
it
it
is<00:13:06.440> in<00:13:06.720> France<00:13:07.639> the<00:13:07.839> average<00:13:08.240> family<00:13:08.639> size
is in France the average family size
is in France the average family size
went<00:13:09.199> down<00:13:09.760> every<00:13:10.120> decade<00:13:10.440> for<00:13:10.959> 150<00:13:11.959> years<00:13:12.199> in
went down every decade for 150 years in
went down every decade for 150 years in
a<00:13:12.519> row<00:13:12.880> until<00:13:13.120> it
a row until it
a row until it
stabilized<00:13:14.880> it<00:13:15.160> so<00:13:15.399> took<00:13:15.639> so<00:13:15.880> long<00:13:16.240> back<00:13:16.440> then
stabilized it so took so long back then
stabilized it so took so long back then
because<00:13:16.959> the<00:13:17.079> contraceptives<00:13:17.800> frankly
because the contraceptives frankly
because the contraceptives frankly
weren't<00:13:18.519> that<00:13:18.959> good<00:13:19.959> in<00:13:20.240> Germany<00:13:21.040> this
weren't that good in Germany this
weren't that good in Germany this
transition<00:13:21.800> started<00:13:22.160> in<00:13:22.279> the<00:13:22.560> 1880s<00:13:23.560> and<00:13:23.680> it
transition started in the 1880s and it
transition started in the 1880s and it
took<00:13:24.160> just<00:13:24.560> 50<00:13:25.199> years<00:13:26.079> for<00:13:26.399> family<00:13:26.760> size<00:13:27.120> to
took just 50 years for family size to
took just 50 years for family size to
stabilize<00:13:27.959> in<00:13:28.079> this<00:13:28.279> country<00:13:29.519> and<00:13:29.680> in<00:13:29.959> Asia
stabilize in this country and in Asia
stabilize in this country and in Asia
and<00:13:30.800> Latin<00:13:31.160> America<00:13:32.079> the<00:13:32.240> transition<00:13:32.720> started
and Latin America the transition started
and Latin America the transition started
in<00:13:33.160> the<00:13:33.279> 1960s<00:13:34.240> and<00:13:34.360> it<00:13:34.519> happened<00:13:35.079> much<00:13:35.480> faster
in the 1960s and it happened much faster
in the 1960s and it happened much faster
because<00:13:36.720> of<00:13:37.079> modern
contraception<00:13:40.600> but<00:13:40.800> I<00:13:41.000> think<00:13:41.639> as<00:13:41.800> we<00:13:41.959> go
contraception but I think as we go
contraception but I think as we go
through<00:13:42.440> this<00:13:42.680> history<00:13:43.440> it's<00:13:43.680> important<00:13:44.120> to
through this history it's important to
through this history it's important to
pause<00:13:44.760> for<00:13:45.440> for<00:13:45.560> a<00:13:45.720> moment<00:13:46.480> and<00:13:46.600> to<00:13:46.880> remember
pause for for a moment and to remember
pause for for a moment and to remember
why<00:13:48.360> this<00:13:48.519> has<00:13:48.760> become<00:13:49.560> such<00:13:49.920> a<00:13:50.120> contentious
why this has become such a contentious
why this has become such a contentious
issue<00:13:51.600> it's<00:13:51.880> because<00:13:52.360> some<00:13:52.800> Family<00:13:53.240> Planning
issue it's because some Family Planning
issue it's because some Family Planning
programs<00:13:54.240> resorted<00:13:54.759> to<00:13:55.000> unfortunate
programs resorted to unfortunate
programs resorted to unfortunate
incentives<00:13:57.040> and<00:13:57.560> coci<00:13:57.959> of<00:13:58.240> policies
incentives and coci of policies
incentives and coci of policies
for<00:14:00.199> instance<00:14:00.519> in<00:14:00.639> the<00:14:00.839> 1960s<00:14:01.839> India<00:14:02.759> adopted
for instance in the 1960s India adopted
for instance in the 1960s India adopted
very<00:14:04.240> specific<00:14:04.800> numeric<00:14:05.399> targets<00:14:06.360> about<00:14:06.839> and
very specific numeric targets about and
very specific numeric targets about and
they<00:14:07.240> paid<00:14:07.600> women<00:14:07.880> to<00:14:08.279> accept<00:14:09.040> having<00:14:09.279> an<00:14:09.480> IUD
they paid women to accept having an IUD
they paid women to accept having an IUD
placed<00:14:10.240> in<00:14:10.360> their<00:14:10.759> bodies<00:14:11.759> now<00:14:12.360> Indian<00:14:12.759> women
placed in their bodies now Indian women
placed in their bodies now Indian women
were<00:14:13.199> really<00:14:13.399> smart<00:14:13.720> in<00:14:13.839> this<00:14:14.079> situation<00:14:15.079> when
were really smart in this situation when
were really smart in this situation when
they<00:14:15.320> went<00:14:15.440> to<00:14:15.560> get<00:14:15.680> an<00:14:15.839> IUD<00:14:16.279> inserted<00:14:16.759> they
they went to get an IUD inserted they
they went to get an IUD inserted they
got<00:14:17.160> paid<00:14:17.560> six<00:14:17.920> rupees<00:14:18.639> and<00:14:18.720> so<00:14:18.920> what<00:14:19.000> did<00:14:19.199> they
got paid six rupees and so what did they
got paid six rupees and so what did they
do<00:14:20.440> they<00:14:20.560> waited<00:14:20.920> a<00:14:21.040> few<00:14:21.279> hours<00:14:21.600> or<00:14:21.759> a<00:14:21.880> few<00:14:22.079> days
do they waited a few hours or a few days
do they waited a few hours or a few days
and<00:14:22.600> they<00:14:22.680> went<00:14:22.839> to<00:14:23.079> another<00:14:23.399> service
and they went to another service
and they went to another service
provider<00:14:24.639> and<00:14:24.800> they<00:14:24.959> had<00:14:25.160> the<00:14:25.320> IUD<00:14:25.839> removed
provider and they had the IUD removed
provider and they had the IUD removed
for<00:14:26.800> one<00:14:27.040> rupee
for one rupee
for one rupee
for<00:14:29.959> decades<00:14:30.839> in<00:14:30.959> the<00:14:31.079> United<00:14:31.920> States
for decades in the United States
for decades in the United States
African-American<00:14:33.959> women<00:14:34.519> were<00:14:35.079> sterilized
African-American women were sterilized
African-American women were sterilized
without<00:14:36.480> their
without their
without their
consent<00:14:38.360> the<00:14:38.560> procedure<00:14:39.079> was<00:14:39.440> so<00:14:39.959> common<00:14:40.600> it
consent the procedure was so common it
consent the procedure was so common it
became<00:14:41.160> known<00:14:42.040> as<00:14:42.199> the<00:14:42.360> Mississippi
became known as the Mississippi
became known as the Mississippi
appendectomy<00:14:44.639> a<00:14:44.839> tragic<00:14:45.440> chapter<00:14:46.160> in<00:14:46.399> my
appendectomy a tragic chapter in my
appendectomy a tragic chapter in my
country's
country's
country's
history<00:14:48.839> and<00:14:49.000> as<00:14:49.160> recently<00:14:49.560> as<00:14:49.680> the<00:14:49.800> 1990s<00:14:50.680> in
history and as recently as the 1990s in
history and as recently as the 1990s in
Peru<00:14:51.720> women<00:14:52.079> from<00:14:52.240> the<00:14:52.360> Andes<00:14:52.839> region<00:14:53.440> were
Peru women from the Andes region were
Peru women from the Andes region were
given<00:14:54.199> anesthesia<00:14:55.199> and<00:14:55.320> they<00:14:55.440> were
given anesthesia and they were
given anesthesia and they were
sterilized<00:14:56.800> without<00:14:57.160> their<00:14:57.360> knowledge
sterilized without their knowledge
sterilized without their knowledge
the<00:14:59.839> most<00:15:00.160> startling<00:15:01.000> thing<00:15:01.399> about<00:15:01.759> this<00:15:02.360> is
the most startling thing about this is
the most startling thing about this is
that<00:15:02.639> these<00:15:02.880> coercer<00:15:03.480> policies<00:15:03.880> weren't<00:15:04.160> even
that these coercer policies weren't even
that these coercer policies weren't even
needed<00:15:05.120> they<00:15:05.240> were<00:15:05.560> carried<00:15:06.000> out<00:15:06.279> in<00:15:06.519> places
needed they were carried out in places
needed they were carried out in places
where<00:15:07.240> parents<00:15:07.880> already<00:15:08.880> wanted<00:15:09.240> to<00:15:09.399> lower
where parents already wanted to lower
where parents already wanted to lower
their<00:15:10.000> family<00:15:10.600> size<00:15:11.600> because<00:15:11.839> in<00:15:12.120> region
their family size because in region
their family size because in region
after<00:15:13.000> region<00:15:13.600> again<00:15:13.800> and<00:15:14.079> again<00:15:14.920> parents
after region again and again parents
after region again and again parents
have<00:15:15.560> wanted<00:15:16.000> to<00:15:16.279> have<00:15:16.560> smaller
have wanted to have smaller
have wanted to have smaller
families<00:15:19.079> so<00:15:19.240> there's<00:15:19.519> no<00:15:19.839> reason<00:15:20.240> to<00:15:20.480> believe
families so there's no reason to believe
families so there's no reason to believe
that<00:15:21.160> African<00:15:21.600> women<00:15:22.160> have<00:15:22.399> innately
that African women have innately
that African women have innately
different<00:15:24.040> desires<00:15:25.040> given<00:15:25.399> the<00:15:25.959> option<00:15:26.959> they
different desires given the option they
different desires given the option they
will<00:15:27.440> have<00:15:27.639> fewer<00:15:28.000> children
will have fewer children
will have fewer children
the<00:15:29.839> question<00:15:30.319> is<00:15:31.079> will<00:15:31.399> we<00:15:31.839> invest<00:15:32.759> in
the question is will we invest in
the question is will we invest in
helping<00:15:33.600> all<00:15:33.959> women<00:15:34.839> get<00:15:35.120> what<00:15:35.319> they<00:15:35.480> want<00:15:36.399> now
helping all women get what they want now
helping all women get what they want now
or<00:15:38.319> are<00:15:38.480> we<00:15:38.639> going<00:15:38.759> to<00:15:38.959> condemn<00:15:39.360> them<00:15:39.519> to<00:15:39.759> some
or are we going to condemn them to some
or are we going to condemn them to some
Century<00:15:40.680> long<00:15:41.120> struggle<00:15:42.120> as<00:15:42.240> if<00:15:42.440> this<00:15:42.560> was
Century long struggle as if this was
Century long struggle as if this was
still<00:15:43.160> revolutionary<00:15:43.959> France<00:15:44.800> and<00:15:45.000> the<00:15:45.199> best
still revolutionary France and the best
still revolutionary France and the best
method<00:15:45.880> was<00:15:46.120> Kus
interruptus<00:15:50.839> empowering<00:15:52.120> parents<00:15:53.120> it
interruptus empowering parents it
interruptus empowering parents it
doesn't<00:15:53.519> need
doesn't need
doesn't need
justification<00:15:56.040> but<00:15:56.279> here's<00:15:56.639> the<00:15:57.079> thing<00:15:58.079> our
justification but here's the thing our
justification but here's the thing our
desire
desire
desire
to<00:15:59.680> bring<00:16:00.399> every<00:16:01.000> good<00:16:01.360> thing<00:16:01.639> to<00:16:01.839> our
to bring every good thing to our
to bring every good thing to our
children<00:16:02.920> is<00:16:03.040> a<00:16:03.240> Force<00:16:03.600> for<00:16:03.959> good<00:16:04.360> throughout
children is a Force for good throughout
children is a Force for good throughout
the<00:16:05.120> world<00:16:06.120> it's<00:16:06.360> what<00:16:06.560> propels<00:16:07.279> societies
the world it's what propels societies
the world it's what propels societies
forward<00:16:10.120> in<00:16:10.319> that<00:16:10.600> same<00:16:10.920> slum<00:16:11.360> in<00:16:11.480> Nairobi<00:16:12.399> I
forward in that same slum in Nairobi I
forward in that same slum in Nairobi I
met<00:16:12.680> a<00:16:12.800> young<00:16:13.040> businesswoman<00:16:14.040> and<00:16:14.160> she<00:16:14.279> was
met a young businesswoman and she was
met a young businesswoman and she was
making<00:16:14.959> backpacks<00:16:15.480> out<00:16:15.639> of<00:16:15.759> her<00:16:15.920> home<00:16:16.279> she<00:16:16.480> and
making backpacks out of her home she and
making backpacks out of her home she and
her<00:16:17.079> young<00:16:17.440> kids<00:16:17.839> would<00:16:18.040> go<00:16:18.199> to<00:16:18.360> the<00:16:18.480> local
her young kids would go to the local
her young kids would go to the local
jeans<00:16:19.240> Factory<00:16:19.600> and<00:16:19.759> collect<00:16:20.199> scraps<00:16:20.600> of
jeans Factory and collect scraps of
jeans Factory and collect scraps of
denim<00:16:21.319> she'<00:16:21.560> create<00:16:21.920> these<00:16:22.160> backpacks<00:16:22.639> and
denim she' create these backpacks and
denim she' create these backpacks and
resell<00:16:23.319> them<00:16:23.920> and<00:16:24.040> when<00:16:24.160> I<00:16:24.279> talked<00:16:24.560> with<00:16:24.720> her
resell them and when I talked with her
resell them and when I talked with her
she<00:16:25.360> had<00:16:25.560> three<00:16:25.800> children<00:16:26.120> and<00:16:26.279> I<00:16:26.399> asked<00:16:26.639> her
she had three children and I asked her
she had three children and I asked her
about<00:16:27.040> her<00:16:27.240> family<00:16:27.560> and<00:16:27.720> she<00:16:27.839> said<00:16:28.319> she<00:16:28.519> and
about her family and she said she and
about her family and she said she and
her<00:16:28.920> her<00:16:29.120> husband<00:16:29.600> decided<00:16:30.079> that<00:16:30.240> they<00:16:30.360> wanted
her her husband decided that they wanted
her her husband decided that they wanted
to<00:16:30.759> stop<00:16:31.079> having<00:16:31.319> children<00:16:31.800> after<00:16:32.000> their
to stop having children after their
to stop having children after their
third<00:16:32.519> one<00:16:33.120> and<00:16:33.199> so<00:16:33.360> when<00:16:33.480> I<00:16:33.639> asked<00:16:33.880> her<00:16:34.160> why
third one and so when I asked her why
third one and so when I asked her why
she<00:16:34.639> simply<00:16:35.000> said<00:16:35.839> well<00:16:36.040> because<00:16:36.279> I<00:16:36.399> couldn't
she simply said well because I couldn't
she simply said well because I couldn't
run<00:16:36.959> my<00:16:37.199> business<00:16:37.680> if<00:16:37.839> I<00:16:38.000> had<00:16:38.160> another<00:16:38.600> child
run my business if I had another child
run my business if I had another child
and<00:16:39.399> she<00:16:39.600> explained<00:16:40.199> the<00:16:40.360> income<00:16:40.720> that<00:16:40.839> she
and she explained the income that she
and she explained the income that she
was<00:16:41.160> getting<00:16:41.399> out<00:16:41.519> of<00:16:41.639> her<00:16:41.839> business<00:16:42.560> afforded
was getting out of her business afforded
was getting out of her business afforded
her<00:16:43.199> to<00:16:43.319> be<00:16:43.440> able<00:16:43.600> to<00:16:43.720> give<00:16:43.839> an<00:16:44.000> education<00:16:44.560> to
her to be able to give an education to
her to be able to give an education to
all<00:16:45.120> three<00:16:45.319> of<00:16:45.440> her<00:16:45.759> children<00:16:46.759> she<00:16:46.959> was
all three of her children she was
all three of her children she was
incredibly<00:16:48.560> optimistic<00:16:49.440> about<00:16:49.680> her<00:16:49.880> family's
incredibly optimistic about her family's
incredibly optimistic about her family's
future<00:16:52.720> this<00:16:53.040> is<00:16:53.240> the<00:16:53.519> same<00:16:54.040> mental<00:16:54.560> calculus
future this is the same mental calculus
future this is the same mental calculus
that<00:16:55.560> hundreds<00:16:56.040> of<00:16:56.240> millions<00:16:56.759> of<00:16:56.959> men<00:16:57.319> and
that hundreds of millions of men and
that hundreds of millions of men and
women<00:16:57.920> have<00:16:58.120> gone<00:16:58.440> through
women have gone through
women have gone through
and<00:16:59.759> evidence<00:17:00.319> proves<00:17:01.120> that<00:17:01.319> they<00:17:01.560> have<00:17:01.720> it
and evidence proves that they have it
and evidence proves that they have it
exactly<00:17:02.920> right<00:17:03.920> they<00:17:04.319> are<00:17:04.919> able<00:17:05.240> to<00:17:05.559> give
exactly right they are able to give
exactly right they are able to give
their<00:17:06.280> children<00:17:06.679> more<00:17:07.079> opportunities<00:17:07.760> by
their children more opportunities by
their children more opportunities by
exercising<00:17:08.760> control<00:17:09.679> over<00:17:09.959> when<00:17:10.199> they<00:17:10.400> have
exercising control over when they have
exercising control over when they have
them<00:17:12.760> in<00:17:13.000> Bangladesh<00:17:14.000> there's<00:17:14.199> a<00:17:14.400> district
them in Bangladesh there's a district
them in Bangladesh there's a district
called<00:17:15.079> mlob<00:17:16.039> it's<00:17:16.199> where<00:17:16.439> researchers<00:17:17.000> have
called mlob it's where researchers have
called mlob it's where researchers have
collected<00:17:17.600> data<00:17:17.959> on<00:17:18.160> over
collected data on over
collected data on over
180,000<00:17:20.199> inhabitants<00:17:20.839> since
180,000 inhabitants since
180,000 inhabitants since
1963<00:17:22.679> in<00:17:22.880> the<00:17:23.000> global<00:17:23.240> Health<00:17:23.480> Community<00:17:23.880> we
1963 in the global Health Community we
1963 in the global Health Community we
like<00:17:24.160> to<00:17:24.280> say<00:17:24.439> it's<00:17:24.559> one<00:17:24.679> of<00:17:24.760> the<00:17:24.959> longest
like to say it's one of the longest
like to say it's one of the longest
pieces<00:17:25.760> of<00:17:25.959> research<00:17:26.439> that's<00:17:26.640> been<00:17:26.760> running
pieces of research that's been running
pieces of research that's been running
we<00:17:27.520> have<00:17:27.760> so<00:17:28.000> many<00:17:28.280> great<00:17:28.480> health<00:17:29.080> statistics
we have so many great health statistics
we have so many great health statistics
so<00:17:30.320> in<00:17:30.480> one<00:17:30.679> of<00:17:30.799> the<00:17:30.960> studies<00:17:31.360> what<00:17:31.480> did<00:17:31.640> they
so in one of the studies what did they
so in one of the studies what did they
do<00:17:32.440> they<00:17:32.640> gave<00:17:33.000> half<00:17:33.240> the<00:17:33.440> villagers<00:17:34.320> were
do they gave half the villagers were
do they gave half the villagers were
chosen<00:17:35.360> to<00:17:35.640> get<00:17:36.080> contraceptives<00:17:36.960> they<00:17:37.080> got
chosen to get contraceptives they got
chosen to get contraceptives they got
education<00:17:37.880> and<00:17:38.160> access<00:17:38.480> to<00:17:39.039> contraception
education and access to contraception
education and access to contraception
and<00:17:40.240> 20<00:17:40.640> years<00:17:40.880> later<00:17:41.240> in<00:17:41.480> following<00:17:42.039> those
and 20 years later in following those
and 20 years later in following those
Villages<00:17:43.400> what<00:17:43.520> we<00:17:43.640> learned<00:17:44.039> is<00:17:44.160> that<00:17:44.280> they
Villages what we learned is that they
Villages what we learned is that they
had<00:17:44.520> a<00:17:44.600> better<00:17:45.000> quality<00:17:45.320> of<00:17:45.520> life<00:17:45.760> than<00:17:45.880> their
had a better quality of life than their
had a better quality of life than their
neighbors<00:17:47.400> the<00:17:47.559> families<00:17:47.880> were<00:17:48.120> healthier
neighbors the families were healthier
neighbors the families were healthier
the<00:17:49.320> women<00:17:49.640> were<00:17:49.960> less<00:17:50.240> likely<00:17:50.559> to<00:17:50.720> die<00:17:50.919> in
the women were less likely to die in
the women were less likely to die in
childbirth<00:17:52.240> their<00:17:52.480> children<00:17:53.240> were<00:17:53.520> less
childbirth their children were less
childbirth their children were less
likely<00:17:54.120> to<00:17:54.360> die<00:17:54.679> in<00:17:54.799> the<00:17:54.960> first<00:17:55.200> 30<00:17:55.520> days<00:17:55.720> of
likely to die in the first 30 days of
likely to die in the first 30 days of
Life<00:17:56.280> they<00:17:56.400> were<00:17:56.559> better<00:17:56.840> nourished<00:17:57.480> the
Life they were better nourished the
Life they were better nourished the
children<00:17:58.559> the<00:17:58.880> families<00:17:59.159> were<00:17:59.360> also
children the families were also
children the families were also
wealthier<00:18:00.640> the<00:18:00.760> adult<00:18:01.080> women's<00:18:01.440> wages<00:18:01.840> were
wealthier the adult women's wages were
wealthier the adult women's wages were
higher<00:18:03.200> households<00:18:03.720> had<00:18:03.880> more<00:18:04.280> assets<00:18:04.760> things
higher households had more assets things
higher households had more assets things
like<00:18:05.320> livestock<00:18:06.120> or<00:18:06.320> land<00:18:06.799> or<00:18:07.320> savings<00:18:08.320> and
like livestock or land or savings and
like livestock or land or savings and
finally<00:18:09.400> their<00:18:09.600> sons<00:18:09.880> and<00:18:10.120> daughters<00:18:10.679> had
finally their sons and daughters had
finally their sons and daughters had
more
more
more
schooling<00:18:12.919> so<00:18:13.159> when<00:18:13.280> you<00:18:13.559> multiply<00:18:14.559> these
schooling so when you multiply these
schooling so when you multiply these
types<00:18:15.320> of<00:18:15.559> effects<00:18:16.400> over<00:18:16.919> millions<00:18:17.520> of
types of effects over millions of
types of effects over millions of
families<00:18:18.960> the<00:18:19.240> product<00:18:19.600> can<00:18:19.760> be<00:18:20.080> large<00:18:20.559> scale
families the product can be large scale
families the product can be large scale
Economic<00:18:22.039> Development<00:18:23.039> people<00:18:23.360> talk<00:18:23.720> about
Economic Development people talk about
Economic Development people talk about
the<00:18:24.159> Asian<00:18:24.600> economic<00:18:25.120> Miracle<00:18:25.720> of<00:18:25.840> the<00:18:26.080> 1980s
the Asian economic Miracle of the 1980s
the Asian economic Miracle of the 1980s
but<00:18:27.200> it<00:18:27.320> wasn't<00:18:27.720> really<00:18:28.080> a<00:18:28.240> miracle<00:18:29.120> one<00:18:29.280> of
but it wasn't really a miracle one of
but it wasn't really a miracle one of
the<00:18:29.480> leading<00:18:30.000> causes<00:18:30.559> of<00:18:30.760> economic<00:18:31.280> growth
the leading causes of economic growth
the leading causes of economic growth
across<00:18:32.120> that<00:18:32.280> region<00:18:32.720> was<00:18:32.960> this<00:18:33.280> cultural
across that region was this cultural
across that region was this cultural
Trend<00:18:34.960> towards<00:18:35.400> smaller
Trend towards smaller
Trend towards smaller
families<00:18:38.080> so<00:18:38.360> sweeping<00:18:39.039> changes<00:18:39.600> start<00:18:40.080> at
families so sweeping changes start at
families so sweeping changes start at
the<00:18:40.480> individual<00:18:41.159> family<00:18:41.559> level<00:18:42.039> the<00:18:42.320> family
the individual family level the family
the individual family level the family
making<00:18:43.159> a<00:18:43.360> decision<00:18:43.799> about<00:18:44.200> what's<00:18:44.600> best<00:18:45.280> for
making a decision about what's best for
making a decision about what's best for
their<00:18:46.200> children<00:18:47.200> when<00:18:47.400> they<00:18:47.640> make<00:18:48.120> that
their children when they make that
their children when they make that
change<00:18:48.799> and<00:18:49.039> that<00:18:49.320> decision<00:18:50.280> those<00:18:50.640> become
change and that decision those become
change and that decision those become
sweeping<00:18:51.960> Regional<00:18:52.480> and<00:18:52.760> National<00:18:53.559> Trends<00:18:54.559> so
sweeping Regional and National Trends so
sweeping Regional and National Trends so
when<00:18:55.120> families<00:18:55.559> in<00:18:55.799> subsaharan<00:18:56.559> Africa<00:18:56.960> are
when families in subsaharan Africa are
when families in subsaharan Africa are
given<00:18:57.600> the<00:18:57.840> opportunity<00:18:58.880> to<00:18:59.080> make<00:18:59.400> those
given the opportunity to make those
given the opportunity to make those
decisions<00:19:00.120> for<00:19:00.799> themselves<00:19:01.799> I<00:19:01.880> think<00:19:02.039> it<00:19:02.120> will
decisions for themselves I think it will
decisions for themselves I think it will
help<00:19:02.600> spark<00:19:03.080> a<00:19:03.320> virtuous<00:19:03.919> cycle<00:19:04.360> of
help spark a virtuous cycle of
help spark a virtuous cycle of
development<00:19:05.039> in<00:19:05.320> communities<00:19:06.320> across<00:19:06.880> the
development in communities across the
development in communities across the
continent<00:19:09.559> we<00:19:09.720> can<00:19:10.039> help<00:19:11.039> poor<00:19:11.440> families
continent we can help poor families
continent we can help poor families
build<00:19:12.159> a<00:19:12.320> better<00:19:12.559> future<00:19:13.400> we<00:19:13.559> can<00:19:13.919> insist<00:19:14.640> that
build a better future we can insist that
build a better future we can insist that
all<00:19:15.360> people<00:19:16.120> have<00:19:16.320> the<00:19:16.480> opportunity<00:19:17.039> to<00:19:17.240> learn
all people have the opportunity to learn
all people have the opportunity to learn
about<00:19:18.039> contraceptives<00:19:19.039> and<00:19:19.240> have<00:19:19.559> access<00:19:19.919> to
about contraceptives and have access to
about contraceptives and have access to
the<00:19:20.320> full<00:19:20.760> variety<00:19:21.440> of
the full variety of
the full variety of
methods<00:19:23.600> I<00:19:23.760> think<00:19:24.000> the<00:19:24.200> goal<00:19:24.520> here<00:19:24.720> is<00:19:25.200> really
methods I think the goal here is really
methods I think the goal here is really
clear<00:19:26.720> universal<00:19:27.720> access<00:19:28.080> to<00:19:28.280> birth<00:19:28.520> control
clear universal access to birth control
clear universal access to birth control
control<00:19:29.679> that<00:19:30.000> women<00:19:30.799> want<00:19:31.799> and<00:19:31.960> for<00:19:32.240> that<00:19:32.400> to
control that women want and for that to
control that women want and for that to
happen<00:19:33.480> it<00:19:33.600> means<00:19:33.919> that<00:19:34.120> both<00:19:34.480> rich<00:19:35.080> and<00:19:35.400> poor
happen it means that both rich and poor
happen it means that both rich and poor
governance<00:19:36.320> alike<00:19:37.280> must<00:19:37.600> make<00:19:38.240> contraception
governance alike must make contraception
governance alike must make contraception
a<00:19:39.559> total<00:19:40.240> priority<00:19:41.240> we<00:19:41.400> can<00:19:41.600> do<00:19:41.960> our<00:19:42.400> part<00:19:43.240> in
a total priority we can do our part in
a total priority we can do our part in
this<00:19:43.720> room<00:19:44.039> and<00:19:44.280> globally<00:19:45.240> by<00:19:45.480> talking<00:19:45.919> about
this room and globally by talking about
this room and globally by talking about
the<00:19:46.480> hundreds<00:19:47.000> of<00:19:47.320> millions<00:19:47.760> of<00:19:48.000> families
the hundreds of millions of families
the hundreds of millions of families
that<00:19:48.720> don't<00:19:49.080> have<00:19:49.400> access<00:19:49.760> to<00:19:49.960> contraception
that don't have access to contraception
that don't have access to contraception
today<00:19:51.480> and<00:19:51.679> what<00:19:51.840> it<00:19:51.919> would<00:19:52.120> do<00:19:52.280> to<00:19:52.440> change
today and what it would do to change
today and what it would do to change
their<00:19:53.120> lives<00:19:53.600> if<00:19:53.720> they<00:19:53.880> did<00:19:54.159> have
their lives if they did have
their lives if they did have
access<00:19:56.159> and<00:19:56.360> I<00:19:56.559> think<00:19:56.880> if<00:19:57.120> Maryanne<00:19:58.120> and<00:19:58.240> the
access and I think if Maryanne and the
access and I think if Maryanne and the
memb<00:19:58.679> MERS<00:19:58.919> of<00:19:59.000> her<00:19:59.240> women's<00:19:59.640> group<00:19:59.960> can<00:20:00.240> talk
memb MERS of her women's group can talk
memb MERS of her women's group can talk
about<00:20:00.919> this<00:20:01.360> openly<00:20:02.240> and<00:20:02.520> have<00:20:02.799> this
about this openly and have this
about this openly and have this
discussion<00:20:03.679> out<00:20:04.000> amongst<00:20:04.559> themselves<00:20:04.880> and<00:20:05.039> in
discussion out amongst themselves and in
discussion out amongst themselves and in
public<00:20:06.400> we<00:20:06.720> can<00:20:07.200> too<00:20:08.200> and<00:20:08.360> we<00:20:08.480> need<00:20:08.640> to<00:20:08.799> start
public we can too and we need to start
public we can too and we need to start
now<00:20:10.960> because<00:20:11.360> like<00:20:11.640> Mary<00:20:12.240> Anne<00:20:13.240> we<00:20:13.600> all<00:20:14.000> want
now because like Mary Anne we all want
now because like Mary Anne we all want
to<00:20:14.400> bring<00:20:15.360> every<00:20:15.960> good<00:20:16.240> thing<00:20:16.480> to<00:20:16.679> our
to bring every good thing to our
to bring every good thing to our
children<00:20:18.280> and<00:20:18.559> where<00:20:18.880> is<00:20:19.520> the<00:20:19.720> controversy<00:20:20.320> in
children and where is the controversy in
children and where is the controversy in
that<00:20:21.720> thank
you<00:20:25.880> thank<00:20:26.080> you
so<00:20:33.840> I<00:20:33.960> have<00:20:34.159> some<00:20:34.640> um<00:20:35.480> I<00:20:35.600> have<00:20:35.720> some<00:20:35.919> questions
so I have some um I have some questions
so I have some um I have some questions
some<00:20:36.960> questions<00:20:37.200> for<00:20:37.760> Melinda<00:20:38.760> um<00:20:39.200> thank<00:20:39.400> you
some questions for Melinda um thank you
some questions for Melinda um thank you
U<00:20:40.280> for<00:20:40.440> your<00:20:40.640> courage<00:20:40.960> and<00:20:41.200> everything<00:20:42.000> else
U for your courage and everything else
U for your courage and everything else
so<00:20:43.840> Melinda<00:20:44.200> in<00:20:44.320> the<00:20:44.440> last<00:20:44.919> few<00:20:45.159> years<00:20:45.480> I've
so Melinda in the last few years I've
so Melinda in the last few years I've
heard<00:20:46.240> um<00:20:46.480> a<00:20:46.600> lot<00:20:46.720> of<00:20:46.840> smart<00:20:47.200> people<00:20:47.559> say
heard um a lot of smart people say
heard um a lot of smart people say
something<00:20:48.039> to<00:20:48.200> the<00:20:48.360> effect
something to the effect
something to the effect
of<00:20:50.799> we<00:20:50.960> don't<00:20:51.120> need<00:20:51.240> to<00:20:51.400> worry<00:20:51.640> about<00:20:51.840> the
of we don't need to worry about the
of we don't need to worry about the
population<00:20:52.760> issue<00:20:53.159> anymore<00:20:53.960> you<00:20:54.080> know<00:20:54.320> family
population issue anymore you know family
population issue anymore you know family
sizes<00:20:55.000> are<00:20:55.200> coming<00:20:55.440> down<00:20:55.679> naturally<00:20:56.120> all<00:20:56.280> over
sizes are coming down naturally all over
sizes are coming down naturally all over
the<00:20:56.960> the<00:20:57.240> the<00:20:57.400> world<00:20:57.799> we're<00:20:57.919> going<00:20:58.000> to<00:20:58.120> peek<00:20:58.280> at
the the the world we're going to peek at
the the the world we're going to peek at
9<00:20:58.760> or<00:20:58.880> 10<00:20:59.120> billion<00:20:59.840> and<00:21:00.039> that's
9 or 10 billion and that's
9 or 10 billion and that's
it<00:21:02.080> are<00:21:02.280> they<00:21:02.480> wrong<00:21:03.480> well<00:21:03.600> if<00:21:03.720> you<00:21:03.840> look<00:21:03.960> at
it are they wrong well if you look at
it are they wrong well if you look at
the<00:21:04.280> statistics<00:21:04.760> across<00:21:05.400> Africa<00:21:05.799> they<00:21:05.919> are
the statistics across Africa they are
the statistics across Africa they are
wrong<00:21:06.679> and<00:21:07.280> and<00:21:07.440> I<00:21:07.520> think<00:21:07.679> we<00:21:07.799> need<00:21:07.960> to<00:21:08.159> look<00:21:08.360> at
wrong and and I think we need to look at
wrong and and I think we need to look at
it<00:21:08.720> though<00:21:08.919> from<00:21:09.080> a<00:21:09.280> different<00:21:09.600> lens<00:21:10.120> we<00:21:10.240> need
it though from a different lens we need
it though from a different lens we need
to<00:21:10.600> look<00:21:10.760> at<00:21:10.880> it<00:21:11.039> from<00:21:11.279> the<00:21:11.480> ground<00:21:12.120> upwards<00:21:12.600> I
to look at it from the ground upwards I
to look at it from the ground upwards I
think<00:21:12.919> that's<00:21:13.080> one<00:21:13.200> of<00:21:13.320> the<00:21:13.400> reasons<00:21:13.760> we<00:21:13.919> got
think that's one of the reasons we got
think that's one of the reasons we got
ourselves<00:21:14.640> in<00:21:14.919> so<00:21:15.159> much<00:21:15.440> trouble<00:21:15.880> on<00:21:16.080> this
ourselves in so much trouble on this
ourselves in so much trouble on this
issue<00:21:16.480> of<00:21:16.640> contraception<00:21:17.279> is<00:21:17.679> we<00:21:17.840> looked<00:21:18.080> at
issue of contraception is we looked at
issue of contraception is we looked at
it<00:21:18.320> from<00:21:18.559> top<00:21:18.880> down<00:21:19.120> and<00:21:19.240> said<00:21:19.720> we<00:21:19.840> want<00:21:19.960> to
it from top down and said we want to
it from top down and said we want to
have<00:21:20.400> different<00:21:20.840> population<00:21:21.400> numbers<00:21:21.760> over
have different population numbers over
have different population numbers over
time<00:21:22.880> yes<00:21:23.080> we<00:21:23.279> care<00:21:23.480> about<00:21:23.679> the<00:21:23.840> planet<00:21:24.320> yes<00:21:24.520> we
time yes we care about the planet yes we
time yes we care about the planet yes we
need<00:21:24.760> to<00:21:24.919> make<00:21:25.080> the<00:21:25.240> right<00:21:25.400> choices<00:21:25.840> but<00:21:26.279> the
need to make the right choices but the
need to make the right choices but the
choices<00:21:26.960> have<00:21:27.120> to<00:21:27.240> be<00:21:27.400> made<00:21:27.640> at<00:21:27.760> the<00:21:27.960> family
choices have to be made at the family
choices have to be made at the family
level<00:21:28.679> and<00:21:28.799> it's<00:21:29.000> only<00:21:29.360> by<00:21:29.559> giving<00:21:29.919> people
level and it's only by giving people
level and it's only by giving people
access<00:21:30.799> and<00:21:31.000> letting<00:21:31.440> them<00:21:31.720> choose<00:21:32.120> what<00:21:32.240> to
access and letting them choose what to
access and letting them choose what to
do<00:21:32.960> that<00:21:33.080> you<00:21:33.200> get<00:21:33.360> those<00:21:33.520> sweeping<00:21:33.919> changes
do that you get those sweeping changes
do that you get those sweeping changes
that<00:21:34.440> we<00:21:34.600> have<00:21:34.799> seen<00:21:35.159> globally<00:21:36.039> except<00:21:36.559> for
that we have seen globally except for
that we have seen globally except for
subsaharan<00:21:37.559> Africa<00:21:38.080> set<00:21:38.279> for<00:21:38.480> those<00:21:38.720> places
subsaharan Africa set for those places
subsaharan Africa set for those places
in<00:21:39.120> South<00:21:39.400> Asia<00:21:39.679> and
Afghanistan<00:21:43.400> some<00:21:43.679> people<00:21:44.000> on<00:21:44.120> the<00:21:44.320> right<00:21:44.760> in
Afghanistan some people on the right in
Afghanistan some people on the right in
America<00:21:45.559> and<00:21:45.720> in<00:21:46.480> um<00:21:46.760> many<00:21:47.080> conservative
America and in um many conservative
America and in um many conservative
cultures<00:21:48.159> around<00:21:48.400> the
cultures around the
cultures around the
world<00:21:50.400> would<00:21:50.679> would<00:21:50.840> might<00:21:51.039> say<00:21:51.240> something
world would would might say something
world would would might say something
like<00:21:51.679> this<00:21:51.880> they<00:21:52.000> might<00:21:52.200> say<00:21:52.679> it's<00:21:52.799> all<00:21:52.960> very
like this they might say it's all very
like this they might say it's all very
well<00:21:53.279> to<00:21:53.440> talk<00:21:53.640> about<00:21:54.080> saving<00:21:54.520> lives<00:21:54.799> and
well to talk about saving lives and
well to talk about saving lives and
empowering<00:21:55.400> women<00:21:55.640> and<00:21:55.760> so<00:21:55.919> on<00:21:56.159> but<00:21:56.919> um<00:21:57.120> sex<00:21:57.440> is
empowering women and so on but um sex is
empowering women and so on but um sex is
sacred
sacred
sacred
um<00:21:59.559> what<00:21:59.679> you're<00:22:00.000> proposing<00:22:00.840> is<00:22:01.080> going<00:22:01.360> to
um what you're proposing is going to
um what you're proposing is going to
increase<00:22:02.799> the<00:22:02.960> likelihood<00:22:03.520> the<00:22:03.640> locks<00:22:03.919> of<00:22:04.120> sex
increase the likelihood the locks of sex
increase the likelihood the locks of sex
happens<00:22:04.880> outside<00:22:05.320> marriage<00:22:05.799> and<00:22:06.039> that<00:22:06.640> is
happens outside marriage and that is
happens outside marriage and that is
wrong<00:22:08.400> what<00:22:08.520> would<00:22:08.679> you<00:22:08.960> say<00:22:09.159> to<00:22:09.679> them<00:22:10.240> I<00:22:10.320> would
wrong what would you say to them I would
wrong what would you say to them I would
say<00:22:10.760> that<00:22:10.960> sex<00:22:11.400> is<00:22:12.080> absolutely<00:22:12.679> sacred<00:22:13.400> and
say that sex is absolutely sacred and
say that sex is absolutely sacred and
it's<00:22:13.720> sacred<00:22:14.039> in<00:22:14.159> Germany<00:22:14.760> and<00:22:14.880> it's<00:22:15.039> sacred
it's sacred in Germany and it's sacred
it's sacred in Germany and it's sacred
in<00:22:15.440> the<00:22:15.559> United<00:22:15.919> States<00:22:16.200> and<00:22:16.320> it's<00:22:16.480> sacred<00:22:16.799> in
in the United States and it's sacred in
in the United States and it's sacred in
France<00:22:17.320> and<00:22:17.520> so<00:22:17.720> many<00:22:18.000> places<00:22:18.320> around<00:22:18.640> the
France and so many places around the
France and so many places around the
world<00:22:19.679> and<00:22:19.840> the<00:22:20.039> fact<00:22:20.320> that<00:22:20.760> 98%<00:22:21.760> of<00:22:21.960> women<00:22:22.279> in
world and the fact that 98% of women in
world and the fact that 98% of women in
my<00:22:22.880> country<00:22:23.240> who<00:22:23.360> are<00:22:23.559> sexually<00:22:24.080> experienced
my country who are sexually experienced
my country who are sexually experienced
say<00:22:25.200> they<00:22:25.440> use<00:22:25.960> birth<00:22:26.279> control<00:22:27.279> doesn't<00:22:27.559> make
say they use birth control doesn't make
say they use birth control doesn't make
sex<00:22:28.039> any<00:22:28.240> less<00:22:28.559> sacred<00:22:28.919> it<00:22:29.039> just<00:22:29.159> means<00:22:29.360> that
sex any less sacred it just means that
sex any less sacred it just means that
they're<00:22:29.640> getting<00:22:29.840> to<00:22:30.000> make<00:22:30.200> choices<00:22:30.600> about
they're getting to make choices about
they're getting to make choices about
their<00:22:31.080> lives<00:22:31.480> and<00:22:31.600> I<00:22:31.720> think<00:22:32.360> in<00:22:32.600> that<00:22:32.799> choice
their lives and I think in that choice
their lives and I think in that choice
we're<00:22:33.520> also<00:22:33.960> honoring<00:22:34.440> the<00:22:34.600> sacredness<00:22:35.120> of
we're also honoring the sacredness of
we're also honoring the sacredness of
the<00:22:35.520> family<00:22:36.240> and<00:22:36.400> the<00:22:36.559> sacredness<00:22:37.039> of<00:22:37.159> the
the family and the sacredness of the
the family and the sacredness of the
mother's<00:22:37.840> life<00:22:38.559> and<00:22:38.720> the<00:22:38.880> Children's<00:22:39.400> Life<00:22:39.679> by
mother's life and the Children's Life by
mother's life and the Children's Life by
saving<00:22:40.320> their<00:22:40.600> lives<00:22:40.840> and<00:22:40.960> to<00:22:41.120> me<00:22:41.480> that's
saving their lives and to me that's
saving their lives and to me that's
incredibly<00:22:42.320> sacred
incredibly sacred
incredibly sacred
too<00:22:44.520> so<00:22:45.520> what<00:22:45.679> is<00:22:46.120> your<00:22:46.400> foundation<00:22:47.159> doing<00:22:47.480> to
too so what is your foundation doing to
too so what is your foundation doing to
promote<00:22:48.039> this<00:22:48.240> issue<00:22:49.080> and<00:22:49.440> what<00:22:49.640> could<00:22:50.000> people
promote this issue and what could people
promote this issue and what could people
hear<00:22:50.520> and<00:22:50.679> people<00:22:51.320> listening<00:22:52.320> uh<00:22:52.480> on<00:22:52.600> the<00:22:52.760> web
hear and people listening uh on the web
hear and people listening uh on the web
what<00:22:53.240> would<00:22:53.360> you<00:22:53.480> like<00:22:53.640> them<00:22:53.760> to<00:22:53.919> do<00:22:54.520> well<00:22:54.640> I
what would you like them to do well I
what would you like them to do well I
would<00:22:54.919> say<00:22:55.159> this<00:22:55.320> join<00:22:55.640> the<00:22:55.840> conversation
would say this join the conversation
would say this join the conversation
we've<00:22:56.720> lifted<00:22:57.240> a<00:22:57.679> the<00:22:57.840> website<00:22:58.200> up<00:22:58.600> here<00:22:59.360> um
we've lifted a the website up here um
we've lifted a the website up here um
join<00:23:00.039> the<00:23:00.240> conversation<00:23:00.960> tell<00:23:01.320> your<00:23:01.679> story
join the conversation tell your story
join the conversation tell your story
about<00:23:02.679> how<00:23:02.919> contraception<00:23:03.600> has<00:23:03.760> either
about how contraception has either
about how contraception has either
changed<00:23:04.360> your<00:23:04.559> life<00:23:04.760> or<00:23:04.960> somebody's<00:23:05.440> life
changed your life or somebody's life
changed your life or somebody's life
that<00:23:05.760> you<00:23:05.960> know<00:23:06.880> and<00:23:07.039> say<00:23:07.320> that<00:23:07.440> you're<00:23:07.600> for
that you know and say that you're for
that you know and say that you're for
this<00:23:08.080> we<00:23:08.200> need<00:23:08.360> a<00:23:08.600> ground<00:23:08.960> swell<00:23:09.320> of<00:23:09.440> people
this we need a ground swell of people
this we need a ground swell of people
saying<00:23:10.159> this<00:23:10.360> makes<00:23:10.679> sense<00:23:11.000> we've<00:23:11.200> got<00:23:11.320> to
saying this makes sense we've got to
saying this makes sense we've got to
give<00:23:11.880> all<00:23:12.159> women<00:23:12.520> access<00:23:12.880> no<00:23:13.039> matter<00:23:13.320> where
give all women access no matter where
give all women access no matter where
they<00:23:13.679> live<00:23:14.480> and<00:23:14.799> one<00:23:14.919> of<00:23:15.039> the<00:23:15.159> things<00:23:15.360> that
they live and one of the things that
they live and one of the things that
we're<00:23:15.600> going<00:23:15.720> to<00:23:15.880> do<00:23:16.200> is<00:23:16.320> do<00:23:16.480> a<00:23:16.679> large<00:23:17.120> event<00:23:17.559> in
we're going to do is do a large event in
we're going to do is do a large event in
July<00:23:18.279> July<00:23:18.679> 11th<00:23:19.159> in<00:23:19.320> London<00:23:19.799> with<00:23:19.919> a<00:23:20.120> whole
July July 11th in London with a whole
July July 11th in London with a whole
host<00:23:20.640> of<00:23:20.840> countries<00:23:21.559> whole<00:23:21.760> host<00:23:22.000> of<00:23:22.200> African
host of countries whole host of African
host of countries whole host of African
nations<00:23:23.120> to<00:23:23.279> all<00:23:23.480> say<00:23:23.760> we're<00:23:24.039> putting<00:23:24.360> this
nations to all say we're putting this
nations to all say we're putting this
back<00:23:24.799> on<00:23:24.919> the<00:23:25.080> global<00:23:25.400> Health<00:23:25.640> agenda<00:23:26.240> we're
back on the global Health agenda we're
back on the global Health agenda we're
going<00:23:26.520> to<00:23:26.640> commit<00:23:27.080> resources<00:23:27.679> to<00:23:27.880> it<00:23:28.039> and
going to commit resources to it and
going to commit resources to it and
we're<00:23:28.240> going<00:23:28.320> to<00:23:28.559> do<00:23:28.799> planning<00:23:29.200> from<00:23:29.360> the
we're going to do planning from the
we're going to do planning from the
bottoms<00:23:29.880> up<00:23:30.120> with<00:23:30.279> governments<00:23:31.000> to<00:23:31.200> make<00:23:31.360> sure
bottoms up with governments to make sure
bottoms up with governments to make sure
that<00:23:31.720> women<00:23:31.960> are<00:23:32.480> are<00:23:32.880> educated<00:23:33.480> so<00:23:33.679> that<00:23:33.880> if
that women are are educated so that if
that women are are educated so that if
they<00:23:34.240> want<00:23:34.600> the<00:23:34.760> tool<00:23:35.200> they<00:23:35.360> have<00:23:35.520> it<00:23:35.960> and<00:23:36.039> then
they want the tool they have it and then
they want the tool they have it and then
they<00:23:36.320> have<00:23:36.600> lots<00:23:36.840> of<00:23:37.039> options<00:23:37.400> available
they have lots of options available
they have lots of options available
either<00:23:38.080> through<00:23:38.279> their<00:23:38.440> local<00:23:38.760> health<00:23:39.080> care
either through their local health care
either through their local health care
worker<00:23:40.039> or<00:23:40.200> in<00:23:40.320> their<00:23:40.480> local<00:23:40.760> community<00:23:41.159> Rural
worker or in their local community Rural
worker or in their local community Rural
clinic<00:23:43.240> um<00:23:43.400> Melinda<00:23:43.840> I'm<00:23:44.000> guessing<00:23:44.360> that<00:23:44.799> some
clinic um Melinda I'm guessing that some
clinic um Melinda I'm guessing that some
of<00:23:45.120> those<00:23:45.279> nuns<00:23:45.880> who<00:23:46.200> who<00:23:46.360> taught<00:23:46.600> you<00:23:46.919> at<00:23:47.279> at
of those nuns who who taught you at at
of those nuns who who taught you at at
school<00:23:47.919> are<00:23:48.080> going<00:23:48.200> to<00:23:48.480> see<00:23:48.799> this<00:23:49.000> Ted<00:23:49.320> Talk<00:23:49.840> at
school are going to see this Ted Talk at
school are going to see this Ted Talk at
some<00:23:50.360> point<00:23:51.360> are<00:23:51.480> they<00:23:51.600> going<00:23:51.720> to<00:23:51.799> be
some point are they going to be
some point are they going to be
horrified<00:23:52.720> or<00:23:52.880> are<00:23:53.039> they<00:23:53.400> cheering<00:23:53.760> you<00:23:53.919> on
horrified or are they cheering you on
horrified or are they cheering you on
well<00:23:54.559> I<00:23:54.679> know<00:23:54.840> they're<00:23:54.960> going<00:23:55.080> to<00:23:55.159> see<00:23:55.320> the<00:23:55.480> Ted
well I know they're going to see the Ted
well I know they're going to see the Ted
talk<00:23:56.039> because<00:23:56.320> they<00:23:56.440> know<00:23:56.600> that<00:23:56.760> I'm<00:23:56.880> doing<00:23:57.120> it
talk because they know that I'm doing it
talk because they know that I'm doing it
and<00:23:57.360> I<00:23:57.480> plan<00:23:57.640> to<00:23:57.799> send<00:23:58.000> it<00:23:58.080> to<00:23:58.240> them
and I plan to send it to them
and I plan to send it to them
and<00:23:59.279> you<00:23:59.400> know<00:23:59.520> the<00:23:59.640> nuns<00:23:59.960> who<00:24:00.120> taught<00:24:00.320> me<00:24:00.440> were
and you know the nuns who taught me were
and you know the nuns who taught me were
incredibly<00:24:01.279> Progressive<00:24:02.200> and<00:24:02.880> I<00:24:03.120> hope<00:24:03.400> that
incredibly Progressive and I hope that
incredibly Progressive and I hope that
they'll<00:24:03.760> be<00:24:03.960> very<00:24:04.159> proud<00:24:04.400> of<00:24:04.520> me<00:24:04.679> for<00:24:04.880> living
they'll be very proud of me for living
they'll be very proud of me for living
out<00:24:06.120> what<00:24:06.400> they<00:24:06.559> taught<00:24:06.840> us<00:24:07.039> about<00:24:07.320> social
out what they taught us about social
out what they taught us about social
justice<00:24:08.000> and<00:24:08.200> service<00:24:08.600> and<00:24:08.919> I<00:24:09.159> have<00:24:09.360> come<00:24:09.640> to
justice and service and I have come to
justice and service and I have come to
feel<00:24:10.840> incredibly<00:24:11.559> passionate<00:24:11.960> about<00:24:12.200> this
feel incredibly passionate about this
feel incredibly passionate about this
issue<00:24:12.679> because<00:24:12.880> of<00:24:13.039> what<00:24:13.200> I've<00:24:13.360> seen<00:24:13.600> in<00:24:13.720> the
issue because of what I've seen in the
issue because of what I've seen in the
developing<00:24:14.559> world<00:24:15.559> and<00:24:16.000> for
developing world and for
developing world and for
me<00:24:18.240> this<00:24:18.520> topic<00:24:18.880> has<00:24:19.039> become<00:24:19.360> very<00:24:19.600> close<00:24:19.840> to
me this topic has become very close to
me this topic has become very close to
heart<00:24:20.320> because<00:24:20.520> you<00:24:20.640> meet<00:24:20.919> these<00:24:21.080> women<00:24:21.480> and
heart because you meet these women and
heart because you meet these women and
they<00:24:21.799> are<00:24:22.039> so<00:24:22.440> often<00:24:22.760> voiceless<00:24:23.360> and<00:24:23.520> yet<00:24:23.679> they
they are so often voiceless and yet they
they are so often voiceless and yet they
shouldn't<00:24:24.200> be<00:24:24.440> they<00:24:24.559> should<00:24:24.880> have<00:24:25.120> voice<00:24:25.520> they
shouldn't be they should have voice they
shouldn't be they should have voice they
should<00:24:25.960> have<00:24:26.360> access<00:24:27.320> and<00:24:27.480> so<00:24:27.760> I<00:24:27.880> hope<00:24:28.080> they'll
should have access and so I hope they'll
should have access and so I hope they'll
feel<00:24:28.559> that<00:24:28.679> I'm<00:24:28.840> living<00:24:29.200> out<00:24:29.799> what<00:24:29.960> I've
feel that I'm living out what I've
feel that I'm living out what I've
learned<00:24:30.520> from<00:24:30.799> them<00:24:31.360> and<00:24:31.520> from<00:24:31.640> the<00:24:31.799> Decades
learned from them and from the Decades
learned from them and from the Decades
of<00:24:32.399> of<00:24:32.559> work<00:24:32.720> that<00:24:32.880> I've<00:24:33.000> already<00:24:33.200> done<00:24:33.399> at<00:24:33.520> the
of of work that I've already done at the
of of work that I've already done at the
foundation<00:24:35.760> so<00:24:36.399> you<00:24:36.559> and<00:24:36.679> your<00:24:36.840> team<00:24:37.279> brought
foundation so you and your team brought
foundation so you and your team brought
together<00:24:37.880> today<00:24:38.159> an<00:24:38.320> amazing<00:24:39.039> group<00:24:39.279> of
together today an amazing group of
together today an amazing group of
speakers<00:24:40.080> to<00:24:41.080> uh<00:24:41.200> whom<00:24:41.360> we're<00:24:41.559> all<00:24:42.159> grateful
speakers to uh whom we're all grateful
speakers to uh whom we're all grateful
did<00:24:43.320> you<00:24:43.640> did<00:24:43.799> you<00:24:43.880> learn<00:24:44.159> anything<00:24:44.640> from<00:24:45.399> oh
did you did you learn anything from oh
did you did you learn anything from oh
my<00:24:45.840> gosh<00:24:46.159> I<00:24:47.120> I<00:24:47.240> learned<00:24:47.559> so<00:24:47.760> many<00:24:47.960> things<00:24:48.159> that
my gosh I I learned so many things that
my gosh I I learned so many things that
have<00:24:48.559> so<00:24:48.679> many<00:24:49.000> followup<00:24:49.640> questions<00:24:50.039> and<00:24:50.200> I
have so many followup questions and I
have so many followup questions and I
think<00:24:50.520> a<00:24:50.640> lot<00:24:50.799> of<00:24:51.000> this<00:24:51.200> work<00:24:51.559> is<00:24:51.720> a<00:24:51.880> journey
think a lot of this work is a journey
think a lot of this work is a journey
you<00:24:52.480> hear<00:24:52.880> heard<00:24:53.120> the<00:24:53.279> discussion<00:24:53.679> about<00:24:54.039> the
you hear heard the discussion about the
you hear heard the discussion about the
journey<00:24:55.000> through<00:24:55.760> energy<00:24:56.200> or<00:24:56.399> the<00:24:56.559> journey
journey through energy or the journey
journey through energy or the journey
through<00:24:57.440> social<00:24:57.880> design<00:24:58.559> or<00:24:58.679> the<00:24:58.840> journey<00:24:59.279> the
through social design or the journey the
through social design or the journey the
coming<00:24:59.640> to<00:24:59.799> and<00:24:59.919> saying<00:25:00.279> why<00:25:00.440> aren't<00:25:00.679> there
coming to and saying why aren't there
coming to and saying why aren't there
any<00:25:01.120> women<00:25:01.440> on<00:25:01.679> this<00:25:01.919> platform<00:25:02.640> and<00:25:02.799> I<00:25:02.880> think
any women on this platform and I think
any women on this platform and I think
for<00:25:03.360> all<00:25:03.559> of<00:25:03.760> us<00:25:04.120> who<00:25:04.279> work<00:25:04.520> on<00:25:04.720> these
for all of us who work on these
for all of us who work on these
development<00:25:05.360> issues<00:25:06.080> you<00:25:06.360> learn<00:25:06.640> by<00:25:06.840> talking
development issues you learn by talking
development issues you learn by talking
to<00:25:07.279> other<00:25:07.520> people<00:25:07.799> you<00:25:07.919> learn<00:25:08.279> by<00:25:08.440> doing<00:25:08.760> you
to other people you learn by doing you
to other people you learn by doing you
learn<00:25:09.159> by<00:25:09.360> trying<00:25:09.720> and<00:25:09.919> making<00:25:10.200> mistakes<00:25:10.640> and
learn by trying and making mistakes and
learn by trying and making mistakes and
it's<00:25:10.919> the<00:25:11.159> questions<00:25:11.640> you<00:25:11.880> ask<00:25:12.360> sometimes
it's the questions you ask sometimes
it's the questions you ask sometimes
it's<00:25:12.720> the<00:25:12.919> question<00:25:13.200> you<00:25:13.480> ask<00:25:14.080> that<00:25:14.240> helps
it's the question you ask that helps
it's the question you ask that helps
lead<00:25:14.760> to<00:25:14.880> the<00:25:15.039> answer<00:25:15.440> the<00:25:15.600> next<00:25:15.919> person<00:25:16.200> that
lead to the answer the next person that
lead to the answer the next person that
can<00:25:16.520> help<00:25:16.720> you<00:25:16.919> answer<00:25:17.159> it<00:25:17.320> so<00:25:17.720> I<00:25:17.799> have<00:25:18.000> lots<00:25:18.200> of
can help you answer it so I have lots of
can help you answer it so I have lots of
questions<00:25:18.640> for<00:25:18.799> the<00:25:18.960> panelists<00:25:19.399> from<00:25:19.559> today
questions for the panelists from today
questions for the panelists from today
and<00:25:20.080> I<00:25:20.200> I<00:25:20.320> thought<00:25:20.440> it<00:25:20.559> was<00:25:20.679> just<00:25:20.799> an<00:25:21.000> amazing
and I I thought it was just an amazing
and I I thought it was just an amazing
day<00:25:22.600> Linda<00:25:23.039> thank<00:25:23.200> you<00:25:23.399> for<00:25:23.720> inviting<00:25:24.240> all<00:25:24.360> of
day Linda thank you for inviting all of
day Linda thank you for inviting all of
us<00:25:24.640> on<00:25:24.880> this<00:25:25.120> journey<00:25:25.480> with<00:25:25.600> you<00:25:25.799> thank<00:25:25.960> you<00:25:26.039> so
us on this journey with you thank you so
us on this journey with you thank you so
much<00:25:26.480> great<00:25:26.679> thanks<00:25:26.960> Chris
Melinda Gates, TED, TEDx, TEDxChange, Bill, and, Melinda, Gates, Foundation, birth, control, contraception, contraceptive, rate, TED-Ed, TEDEducation, TED, Ed
