Lessons from death row inmates - David R. Dow
two<00:00:16.710> weeks<00:00:16.920> ago<00:00:17.099> I<00:00:17.460> was<00:00:18.240> sitting<00:00:18.689> at<00:00:19.590> the
two weeks ago I was sitting at the
two weeks ago I was sitting at the
kitchen<00:00:20.310> table<00:00:21.000> with<00:00:21.539> my<00:00:21.689> wife<00:00:21.869> Katya<00:00:22.439> and<00:00:23.150> we
kitchen table with my wife Katya and we
kitchen table with my wife Katya and we
were<00:00:24.329> talking<00:00:24.989> about<00:00:25.079> what<00:00:25.500> I<00:00:25.529> was<00:00:25.710> going<00:00:25.890> to
were talking about what I was going to
were talking about what I was going to
talk<00:00:26.099> about<00:00:26.250> today<00:00:27.559> we<00:00:28.559> have<00:00:28.770> an<00:00:29.160> 11<00:00:29.640> year<00:00:29.759> old
talk about today we have an 11 year old
talk about today we have an 11 year old
son<00:00:30.000> his<00:00:30.419> name<00:00:30.450> is<00:00:30.629> Lincoln<00:00:30.960> he<00:00:31.259> was<00:00:31.379> sitting
son his name is Lincoln he was sitting
son his name is Lincoln he was sitting
at<00:00:31.710> the<00:00:31.800> same<00:00:31.950> table<00:00:32.420> doing<00:00:33.420> his<00:00:33.600> math
at the same table doing his math
at the same table doing his math
homework<00:00:34.020> and<00:00:34.969> during<00:00:35.969> a<00:00:36.030> pause<00:00:36.289> in<00:00:37.289> my
homework and during a pause in my
homework and during a pause in my
conversation<00:00:38.250> with<00:00:38.520> Katya<00:00:39.090> I<00:00:39.239> looked<00:00:39.510> over<00:00:39.629> at
conversation with Katya I looked over at
conversation with Katya I looked over at
Lincoln<00:00:40.559> and<00:00:40.770> I<00:00:41.190> was<00:00:41.399> suddenly<00:00:42.650> thunderstruck
Lincoln and I was suddenly thunderstruck
Lincoln and I was suddenly thunderstruck
by<00:00:45.210> a<00:00:45.540> recollection<00:00:46.350> of<00:00:46.380> a<00:00:46.680> client<00:00:47.160> of<00:00:47.280> mine<00:00:47.540> my
by a recollection of a client of mine my
by a recollection of a client of mine my
client<00:00:49.020> was<00:00:49.440> a<00:00:49.470> guy<00:00:49.860> named<00:00:50.100> Will<00:00:50.430> he<00:00:51.420> was<00:00:51.630> from
client was a guy named Will he was from
client was a guy named Will he was from
North<00:00:53.010> Texas<00:00:53.510> he<00:00:54.510> never<00:00:54.780> knew<00:00:55.079> his<00:00:55.200> father
North Texas he never knew his father
North Texas he never knew his father
very<00:00:55.559> well<00:00:55.770> because<00:00:56.250> his<00:00:56.460> father<00:00:57.079> left<00:00:58.079> his
very well because his father left his
very well because his father left his
mom<00:00:59.250> while<00:00:59.579> she<00:00:59.760> was<00:00:59.880> pregnant<00:01:00.120> with<00:01:00.420> him<00:01:01.070> and
mom while she was pregnant with him and
mom while she was pregnant with him and
so<00:01:02.340> he<00:01:02.780> was<00:01:03.780> destined<00:01:04.320> to<00:01:04.469> be<00:01:04.680> raised<00:01:05.009> by<00:01:05.369> a
so he was destined to be raised by a
so he was destined to be raised by a
single<00:01:05.670> mom<00:01:05.939> which<00:01:06.180> might<00:01:06.390> have<00:01:06.479> been<00:01:06.509> alright
single mom which might have been alright
single mom which might have been alright
except<00:01:07.950> that<00:01:08.070> this<00:01:08.189> particular<00:01:08.729> single<00:01:08.939> mom
except that this particular single mom
except that this particular single mom
was<00:01:10.170> a<00:01:10.500> paranoid<00:01:11.100> schizophrenic<00:01:12.020> and<00:01:13.020> when
was a paranoid schizophrenic and when
was a paranoid schizophrenic and when
will<00:01:14.610> was<00:01:14.969> five<00:01:15.389> years<00:01:15.659> old<00:01:15.899> she<00:01:16.200> tried<00:01:16.590> to
will was five years old she tried to
will was five years old she tried to
kill<00:01:16.889> him<00:01:17.009> with<00:01:17.069> a<00:01:17.130> butcher<00:01:17.429> knife<00:01:18.889> she<00:01:19.889> was
kill him with a butcher knife she was
kill him with a butcher knife she was
taken<00:01:21.090> away<00:01:21.179> by<00:01:21.569> authorities<00:01:22.109> and<00:01:22.289> placed<00:01:22.499> in
taken away by authorities and placed in
taken away by authorities and placed in
a<00:01:22.829> psychiatric<00:01:23.009> hospital<00:01:23.609> and<00:01:24.149> so<00:01:25.049> for<00:01:25.200> the
a psychiatric hospital and so for the
a psychiatric hospital and so for the
next<00:01:25.380> several<00:01:25.649> years<00:01:25.770> will<00:01:26.189> lived<00:01:26.490> with<00:01:26.729> his
next several years will lived with his
next several years will lived with his
older<00:01:27.240> brother<00:01:27.479> until<00:01:28.350> he<00:01:28.560> committed<00:01:28.859> suicide
older brother until he committed suicide
older brother until he committed suicide
by<00:01:29.579> shooting<00:01:29.609> himself<00:01:30.060> through<00:01:30.509> the<00:01:30.600> heart
by shooting himself through the heart
by shooting himself through the heart
and<00:01:31.909> after<00:01:32.909> that<00:01:33.060> will<00:01:33.929> bounced<00:01:34.409> around<00:01:34.529> from
and after that will bounced around from
and after that will bounced around from
one<00:01:35.219> family<00:01:35.549> member<00:01:35.880> to<00:01:36.299> another<00:01:36.529> until<00:01:37.529> by
one family member to another until by
one family member to another until by
the<00:01:37.709> time<00:01:37.829> he<00:01:38.130> was<00:01:38.219> nine<00:01:38.459> years<00:01:38.639> old<00:01:38.909> he<00:01:39.060> was
the time he was nine years old he was
the time he was nine years old he was
essentially<00:01:39.749> living<00:01:40.170> on<00:01:40.289> his<00:01:40.380> own<00:01:41.450> that
essentially living on his own that
essentially living on his own that
morning<00:01:42.810> that<00:01:42.929> I<00:01:42.990> was<00:01:43.139> sitting<00:01:43.319> with<00:01:43.889> kotti
morning that I was sitting with kotti
morning that I was sitting with kotti
and<00:01:44.459> Lincoln<00:01:44.789> I<00:01:44.939> looked<00:01:45.270> at<00:01:45.450> my<00:01:46.020> son<00:01:46.079> and<00:01:46.639> I
and Lincoln I looked at my son and I
and Lincoln I looked at my son and I
realized<00:01:48.119> that<00:01:48.689> when<00:01:48.840> my<00:01:48.990> client<00:01:49.439> will<00:01:49.939> was
realized that when my client will was
realized that when my client will was
his<00:01:51.119> age<00:01:51.979> he'd<00:01:52.979> been<00:01:53.130> living<00:01:53.249> by<00:01:53.490> himself<00:01:53.819> for
his age he'd been living by himself for
his age he'd been living by himself for
two<00:01:54.240> years<00:01:56.179> we'll<00:01:57.179> eventually<00:01:57.419> joined<00:01:58.349> the
two years we'll eventually joined the
two years we'll eventually joined the
gang<00:01:58.649> and<00:01:59.029> committed<00:02:00.029> a<00:02:00.270> number<00:02:01.139> of<00:02:01.439> very
gang and committed a number of very
gang and committed a number of very
serious<00:02:02.249> crimes<00:02:02.869> including<00:02:03.869> most<00:02:04.799> seriously
serious crimes including most seriously
serious crimes including most seriously
of<00:02:05.490> all<00:02:05.639> a<00:02:06.770> horrible<00:02:07.770> tragic<00:02:08.220> murder<00:02:08.750> and<00:02:10.760> will
of all a horrible tragic murder and will
of all a horrible tragic murder and will
was<00:02:12.239> ultimately<00:02:13.020> executed<00:02:13.650> as<00:02:14.640> punishment
was ultimately executed as punishment
was ultimately executed as punishment
for<00:02:15.330> that<00:02:15.420> crime<00:02:17.180> but<00:02:18.180> I<00:02:18.420> don't<00:02:18.750> want<00:02:18.930> to
for that crime but I don't want to
for that crime but I don't want to
talk<00:02:20.440> today<00:02:20.680> about<00:02:21.070> the<00:02:22.060> morality<00:02:22.630> of<00:02:22.960> capital
talk today about the morality of capital
talk today about the morality of capital
punishment<00:02:23.500> I<00:02:23.920> certainly<00:02:24.280> think<00:02:24.640> that<00:02:24.760> my
punishment I certainly think that my
punishment I certainly think that my
client<00:02:25.420> shouldn't<00:02:26.290> have<00:02:26.590> been<00:02:26.800> executed<00:02:27.700> but
client shouldn't have been executed but
client shouldn't have been executed but
what<00:02:28.030> I<00:02:28.060> would<00:02:28.150> like<00:02:28.270> to<00:02:28.510> do<00:02:28.630> today<00:02:28.810> instead<00:02:29.230> is
what I would like to do today instead is
what I would like to do today instead is
talk<00:02:31.210> about<00:02:31.480> the<00:02:32.470> death<00:02:32.620> penalty<00:02:33.070> in<00:02:33.310> a<00:02:33.760> way
talk about the death penalty in a way
talk about the death penalty in a way
I've<00:02:34.030> never<00:02:34.300> done<00:02:34.510> before
I've never done before
I've never done before
in<00:02:35.800> a<00:02:35.920> way<00:02:36.100> that<00:02:36.459> is<00:02:37.240> entirely
in a way that is entirely
in a way that is entirely
non-controversial<00:02:39.280> I<00:02:40.350> think<00:02:41.350> that's
non-controversial I think that's
non-controversial I think that's
possible<00:02:41.800> because<00:02:42.790> there<00:02:43.360> is<00:02:43.540> a<00:02:43.680> corner<00:02:44.680> of
possible because there is a corner of
possible because there is a corner of
the<00:02:45.430> death<00:02:45.580> penalty<00:02:45.730> debate<00:02:46.150> maybe<00:02:47.020> the<00:02:47.170> most
the death penalty debate maybe the most
the death penalty debate maybe the most
important<00:02:47.770> corner<00:02:48.390> where<00:02:49.390> everybody<00:02:50.320> agrees
important corner where everybody agrees
important corner where everybody agrees
where<00:02:52.150> the<00:02:52.570> most<00:02:52.780> ardent<00:02:53.410> death<00:02:53.950> penalty
where the most ardent death penalty
where the most ardent death penalty
supporters<00:02:54.940> and<00:02:55.570> the<00:02:56.470> most<00:02:56.680> vociferous
supporters and the most vociferous
supporters and the most vociferous
abolitionists<00:02:59.050> are<00:02:59.980> on<00:03:00.190> exactly<00:03:00.580> the<00:03:00.730> same
abolitionists are on exactly the same
abolitionists are on exactly the same
page<00:03:02.070> that's<00:03:03.070> the<00:03:03.280> corner<00:03:03.640> I<00:03:03.790> want<00:03:04.060> to<00:03:04.180> explore
page that's the corner I want to explore
page that's the corner I want to explore
before<00:03:06.730> I<00:03:06.910> do<00:03:07.030> that<00:03:07.120> though<00:03:07.480> I<00:03:07.720> want<00:03:07.930> to<00:03:08.170> spend
before I do that though I want to spend
before I do that though I want to spend
a<00:03:08.410> couple<00:03:08.440> of<00:03:08.739> minutes<00:03:08.980> telling<00:03:09.459> you<00:03:09.580> how<00:03:10.209> a
a couple of minutes telling you how a
a couple of minutes telling you how a
death<00:03:10.720> penalty<00:03:10.840> case<00:03:11.160> unfolds<00:03:12.160> and<00:03:12.400> then<00:03:13.360> I
death penalty case unfolds and then I
death penalty case unfolds and then I
want<00:03:13.630> to<00:03:13.690> tell<00:03:13.900> you<00:03:14.140> two<00:03:14.440> lessons<00:03:14.709> that<00:03:15.430> I<00:03:15.489> have
want to tell you two lessons that I have
want to tell you two lessons that I have
learned<00:03:15.820> over<00:03:16.510> the<00:03:16.600> last<00:03:16.630> 20<00:03:17.230> years<00:03:17.470> as<00:03:17.800> a
learned over the last 20 years as a
learned over the last 20 years as a
death<00:03:18.580> penalty<00:03:18.730> lawyer<00:03:19.560> from<00:03:20.560> watching<00:03:20.950> well
death penalty lawyer from watching well
death penalty lawyer from watching well
more<00:03:21.459> than<00:03:21.820> a<00:03:22.060> hundred<00:03:22.300> cases<00:03:22.709> unfolding<00:03:23.709> this
more than a hundred cases unfolding this
more than a hundred cases unfolding this
way<00:03:25.140> you<00:03:26.140> can<00:03:26.290> think<00:03:26.470> of<00:03:26.709> a<00:03:26.920> death<00:03:27.130> penalty
way you can think of a death penalty
way you can think of a death penalty
case<00:03:27.580> as<00:03:28.090> a<00:03:28.150> story<00:03:28.720> that<00:03:29.290> has<00:03:29.470> four<00:03:29.860> chapters
case as a story that has four chapters
case as a story that has four chapters
the<00:03:31.420> first<00:03:31.450> chapter<00:03:32.110> of<00:03:32.140> every<00:03:32.560> case<00:03:32.769> is
the first chapter of every case is
the first chapter of every case is
exactly<00:03:33.580> the<00:03:33.760> same<00:03:33.970> and<00:03:34.239> it<00:03:34.870> is<00:03:35.110> tragic<00:03:35.680> it
exactly the same and it is tragic it
exactly the same and it is tragic it
begins<00:03:36.910> with<00:03:37.510> the<00:03:37.660> murder<00:03:37.900> of<00:03:38.140> an<00:03:38.709> innocent
begins with the murder of an innocent
begins with the murder of an innocent
human<00:03:39.130> being<00:03:39.549> and<00:03:39.820> it's<00:03:40.570> followed<00:03:40.930> by<00:03:40.959> a<00:03:41.140> trial
human being and it's followed by a trial
human being and it's followed by a trial
where<00:03:42.220> the<00:03:42.340> murderer<00:03:42.640> is<00:03:42.940> convicted<00:03:43.540> and<00:03:43.660> sent
where the murderer is convicted and sent
where the murderer is convicted and sent
to<00:03:44.110> death<00:03:44.350> row<00:03:44.620> and<00:03:44.860> that<00:03:45.280> death<00:03:45.549> sentence<00:03:45.940> is
to death row and that death sentence is
to death row and that death sentence is
ultimately<00:03:46.540> upheld<00:03:46.780> by<00:03:47.230> the<00:03:47.290> state<00:03:47.650> appellate
ultimately upheld by the state appellate
ultimately upheld by the state appellate
court<00:03:49.110> the<00:03:50.110> second<00:03:50.470> chapter<00:03:50.620> consists<00:03:51.310> of<00:03:51.370> a
court the second chapter consists of a
court the second chapter consists of a
complicated<00:03:52.000> legal<00:03:52.209> proceeding<00:03:52.810> known<00:03:53.019> as<00:03:53.350> a
complicated legal proceeding known as a
complicated legal proceeding known as a
state<00:03:54.160> habeas<00:03:54.459> corpus<00:03:55.150> appeal<00:03:55.680> the<00:03:56.680> third
state habeas corpus appeal the third
state habeas corpus appeal the third
chapter<00:03:57.370> is<00:03:57.519> an<00:03:57.640> even<00:03:57.850> more<00:03:58.060> complicated
chapter is an even more complicated
chapter is an even more complicated
legal<00:03:58.989> proceeding<00:03:59.440> known<00:03:59.560> as<00:03:59.680> a<00:03:59.709> federal
legal proceeding known as a federal
legal proceeding known as a federal
habeas<00:04:00.250> corpus<00:04:00.820> proceeding<00:04:01.269> and<00:04:01.540> the<00:04:02.290> fourth
habeas corpus proceeding and the fourth
habeas corpus proceeding and the fourth
chapter<00:04:03.100> is<00:04:03.250> one<00:04:04.120> where<00:04:04.360> a<00:04:04.390> variety<00:04:04.570> of<00:04:04.930> things
chapter is one where a variety of things
chapter is one where a variety of things
can<00:04:05.410> happen
can happen
can happen
the<00:04:05.950> lawyers<00:04:06.250> might<00:04:06.519> file<00:04:06.760> a<00:04:06.790> clemency
the lawyers might file a clemency
the lawyers might file a clemency
petition<00:04:07.560> they<00:04:08.560> might<00:04:08.769> initiate<00:04:09.160> even<00:04:09.670> more
petition they might initiate even more
petition they might initiate even more
complex<00:04:10.329> litigation<00:04:10.690> or<00:04:11.079> they<00:04:11.170> might<00:04:11.320> not<00:04:11.380> do
complex litigation or they might not do
complex litigation or they might not do
anything<00:04:12.190> at<00:04:12.459> all<00:04:12.640> but<00:04:13.510> that<00:04:13.660> fourth<00:04:13.959> chapter
anything at all but that fourth chapter
anything at all but that fourth chapter
always<00:04:14.769> ends<00:04:15.190> with<00:04:15.450> an<00:04:16.450> execution<00:04:17.549> when<00:04:18.549> I
always ends with an execution when I
always ends with an execution when I
started<00:04:19.450> representing<00:04:19.959> death<00:04:20.109> row<00:04:20.320> inmates
started representing death row inmates
started representing death row inmates
more<00:04:20.799> than<00:04:21.100> 20<00:04:21.370> years<00:04:21.519> ago<00:04:21.729> people<00:04:22.000> on<00:04:22.870> death
more than 20 years ago people on death
more than 20 years ago people on death
row<00:04:23.320> did<00:04:23.620> not<00:04:23.740> have<00:04:23.979> a<00:04:24.010> right<00:04:24.310> to<00:04:24.580> a<00:04:24.610> lawyer<00:04:24.910> in
row did not have a right to a lawyer in
row did not have a right to a lawyer in
either<00:04:25.450> the<00:04:25.660> second<00:04:26.110> or<00:04:26.229> the<00:04:26.260> fourth<00:04:26.620> chapter
either the second or the fourth chapter
either the second or the fourth chapter
of<00:04:27.280> this<00:04:27.580> story<00:04:27.960> they<00:04:28.960> were<00:04:29.020> on<00:04:29.200> their<00:04:29.380> own<00:04:29.410> in
of this story they were on their own in
of this story they were on their own in
fact<00:04:30.789> it<00:04:30.940> wasn't<00:04:31.120> until<00:04:31.479> the<00:04:31.570> late<00:04:31.690> 1980
fact it wasn't until the late 1980
fact it wasn't until the late 1980
that<00:04:32.960> they<00:04:33.110> acquired<00:04:33.530> a<00:04:33.800> right<00:04:34.010> to<00:04:34.250> a<00:04:34.280> lawyer
that they acquired a right to a lawyer
that they acquired a right to a lawyer
during<00:04:34.790> the<00:04:34.970> third<00:04:35.180> chapter<00:04:35.540> of<00:04:35.840> the<00:04:36.230> story<00:04:36.970> so
during the third chapter of the story so
during the third chapter of the story so
what<00:04:38.150> all<00:04:38.330> of<00:04:38.360> these<00:04:38.660> death<00:04:38.870> row<00:04:39.080> inmates<00:04:39.410> had
what all of these death row inmates had
what all of these death row inmates had
to<00:04:39.740> do<00:04:39.919> was<00:04:40.730> rely<00:04:41.120> on<00:04:41.389> volunteer<00:04:42.230> lawyers<00:04:42.590> to
to do was rely on volunteer lawyers to
to do was rely on volunteer lawyers to
handle<00:04:43.610> their<00:04:43.910> legal<00:04:44.180> proceedings<00:04:44.830> the
handle their legal proceedings the
handle their legal proceedings the
problem<00:04:46.220> is<00:04:46.400> that<00:04:46.820> there<00:04:46.970> were<00:04:47.060> way<00:04:47.360> more<00:04:47.389> guys
problem is that there were way more guys
problem is that there were way more guys
on<00:04:47.870> death<00:04:48.380> row<00:04:48.650> than<00:04:49.280> there<00:04:49.460> were<00:04:49.550> lawyers<00:04:50.000> who
on death row than there were lawyers who
on death row than there were lawyers who
had<00:04:50.360> both<00:04:50.540> the<00:04:50.690> interest<00:04:51.050> and<00:04:51.290> the<00:04:51.350> expertise
had both the interest and the expertise
had both the interest and the expertise
to<00:04:52.190> work<00:04:52.220> on<00:04:52.550> these<00:04:52.669> cases<00:04:52.940> and<00:04:53.750> so<00:04:54.500> inevitably
to work on these cases and so inevitably
to work on these cases and so inevitably
lawyers<00:04:56.180> drifted<00:04:56.840> to<00:04:56.960> cases<00:04:57.350> that<00:04:57.560> were
lawyers drifted to cases that were
lawyers drifted to cases that were
already<00:04:57.860> in<00:04:58.100> Chapter<00:04:58.580> four<00:04:58.870> that<00:04:59.870> makes<00:05:00.080> sense
already in Chapter four that makes sense
already in Chapter four that makes sense
of<00:05:00.650> course<00:05:00.889> those<00:05:01.190> are<00:05:01.220> the<00:05:01.430> cases<00:05:01.820> that<00:05:01.850> are
of course those are the cases that are
of course those are the cases that are
most<00:05:02.240> urgent<00:05:02.720> those<00:05:02.840> are<00:05:03.020> the<00:05:03.080> guys<00:05:03.230> who<00:05:03.500> are
most urgent those are the guys who are
most urgent those are the guys who are
closest<00:05:04.070> to<00:05:04.190> being<00:05:04.370> executed<00:05:04.850> some<00:05:05.840> of<00:05:05.930> these
closest to being executed some of these
closest to being executed some of these
lawyers<00:05:06.229> were<00:05:06.470> successful<00:05:07.040> they<00:05:07.130> managed<00:05:07.490> to
lawyers were successful they managed to
lawyers were successful they managed to
get<00:05:07.760> new<00:05:08.000> trials<00:05:08.570> for<00:05:08.750> their<00:05:08.840> clients<00:05:09.320> others
get new trials for their clients others
get new trials for their clients others
of<00:05:09.889> them<00:05:10.100> managed<00:05:10.850> to<00:05:11.030> extend<00:05:11.540> the<00:05:11.660> lives<00:05:11.870> of
of them managed to extend the lives of
of them managed to extend the lives of
their<00:05:12.260> clients<00:05:12.800> sometimes<00:05:13.010> by<00:05:13.490> years
their clients sometimes by years
their clients sometimes by years
sometimes<00:05:14.150> by<00:05:14.600> months<00:05:14.960> but<00:05:15.770> the<00:05:15.919> one<00:05:16.100> thing
sometimes by months but the one thing
sometimes by months but the one thing
that<00:05:16.910> didn't<00:05:17.210> happen<00:05:17.600> was<00:05:18.320> that<00:05:18.350> there<00:05:18.650> was
that didn't happen was that there was
that didn't happen was that there was
never<00:05:18.979> a<00:05:19.340> serious<00:05:19.940> and<00:05:20.389> sustained<00:05:20.990> decline<00:05:21.470> in
never a serious and sustained decline in
never a serious and sustained decline in
the<00:05:22.310> number<00:05:22.550> of<00:05:22.669> annual<00:05:22.880> executions<00:05:23.780> in<00:05:23.960> Texas
the number of annual executions in Texas
the number of annual executions in Texas
in<00:05:24.500> fact<00:05:25.220> as<00:05:25.370> you<00:05:25.490> can<00:05:25.669> see<00:05:25.820> from<00:05:25.940> this<00:05:26.120> graph
in fact as you can see from this graph
in fact as you can see from this graph
from<00:05:26.690> the<00:05:26.840> time<00:05:27.080> that<00:05:27.110> the<00:05:27.410> Texas<00:05:27.770> execution
from the time that the Texas execution
from the time that the Texas execution
apparatus<00:05:29.360> got<00:05:29.600> efficient<00:05:30.229> in<00:05:30.410> the<00:05:30.500> mid<00:05:30.650> to
apparatus got efficient in the mid to
apparatus got efficient in the mid to
late<00:05:30.889> 1990s<00:05:31.490> there<00:05:32.479> have<00:05:32.570> only<00:05:32.600> been<00:05:32.780> a<00:05:32.900> couple
late 1990s there have only been a couple
late 1990s there have only been a couple
of<00:05:33.470> years<00:05:33.889> where<00:05:34.220> the<00:05:34.340> number<00:05:34.639> of<00:05:34.760> annual
of years where the number of annual
of years where the number of annual
executions<00:05:35.900> dipped<00:05:36.290> below<00:05:36.620> 20<00:05:37.340> in<00:05:38.000> a<00:05:38.510> typical
executions dipped below 20 in a typical
executions dipped below 20 in a typical
year<00:05:38.960> in<00:05:39.380> Texas<00:05:39.590> we're<00:05:40.430> averaging<00:05:40.640> about<00:05:41.470> two
year in Texas we're averaging about two
year in Texas we're averaging about two
people<00:05:42.860> a<00:05:43.039> month<00:05:43.310> in<00:05:44.140> some<00:05:45.140> years<00:05:45.410> in<00:05:45.590> Texas
people a month in some years in Texas
people a month in some years in Texas
we've<00:05:46.190> executed<00:05:47.120> close<00:05:47.450> to<00:05:47.660> 40<00:05:48.050> people<00:05:48.260> and
we've executed close to 40 people and
we've executed close to 40 people and
this<00:05:48.800> number<00:05:49.010> has<00:05:49.370> never<00:05:49.870> significantly
this number has never significantly
this number has never significantly
declined<00:05:51.410> over<00:05:51.680> the<00:05:51.830> last<00:05:51.919> 15<00:05:52.550> years<00:05:52.580> and<00:05:53.060> yet
declined over the last 15 years and yet
declined over the last 15 years and yet
at<00:05:53.960> the<00:05:54.080> same<00:05:54.229> time<00:05:54.770> that<00:05:55.220> we<00:05:55.340> continue<00:05:55.789> to
at the same time that we continue to
at the same time that we continue to
execute<00:05:56.390> about<00:05:57.200> the<00:05:57.410> same<00:05:57.590> number<00:05:57.890> of<00:05:57.919> people
execute about the same number of people
execute about the same number of people
every<00:05:58.520> year<00:05:58.550> the<00:05:59.240> number<00:05:59.360> of<00:05:59.510> people<00:05:59.690> who<00:05:59.930> were
every year the number of people who were
every year the number of people who were
sentencing<00:06:00.620> to<00:06:00.800> death<00:06:00.830> on<00:06:01.490> an<00:06:01.700> annual<00:06:02.090> basis
sentencing to death on an annual basis
sentencing to death on an annual basis
has<00:06:03.169> dropped<00:06:03.500> rather<00:06:03.800> steeply<00:06:04.510> so<00:06:05.510> we<00:06:05.630> have
has dropped rather steeply so we have
has dropped rather steeply so we have
this<00:06:05.930> paradox<00:06:06.560> which<00:06:07.490> is<00:06:07.729> that<00:06:08.180> the<00:06:08.270> number<00:06:08.570> of
this paradox which is that the number of
this paradox which is that the number of
annual<00:06:09.020> executions<00:06:09.740> has<00:06:09.889> remained<00:06:10.250> high<00:06:10.660> but
annual executions has remained high but
annual executions has remained high but
the<00:06:11.780> number<00:06:12.080> of<00:06:12.110> new<00:06:12.830> death<00:06:13.460> sentences<00:06:14.210> has
the number of new death sentences has
the number of new death sentences has
gone<00:06:14.900> down<00:06:15.169> why<00:06:15.710> is<00:06:15.770> that<00:06:16.000> it<00:06:17.000> can<00:06:17.360> be
gone down why is that it can be
gone down why is that it can be
attributed<00:06:17.780> to<00:06:18.110> a<00:06:18.350> decline<00:06:18.860> in<00:06:19.010> the<00:06:19.280> murder
attributed to a decline in the murder
attributed to a decline in the murder
rate<00:06:19.669> because<00:06:20.090> the<00:06:20.270> murder<00:06:20.450> rate<00:06:20.690> has<00:06:20.720> not
rate because the murder rate has not
rate because the murder rate has not
declined<00:06:21.620> nearly<00:06:22.340> so<00:06:22.729> steeply<00:06:23.180> as<00:06:23.450> the<00:06:23.720> red
declined nearly so steeply as the red
declined nearly so steeply as the red
line<00:06:24.169> on<00:06:24.470> that<00:06:24.500> graph<00:06:24.979> has<00:06:25.250> gone<00:06:25.430> down<00:06:25.669> what
line on that graph has gone down what
line on that graph has gone down what
has<00:06:26.780> happened<00:06:27.139> instead<00:06:27.590> is<00:06:27.970> that<00:06:28.970> juries<00:06:29.690> have
has happened instead is that juries have
has happened instead is that juries have
started<00:06:30.320> to<00:06:30.500> sentence<00:06:30.919> more<00:06:31.190> and<00:06:31.460> more<00:06:31.610> people
started to sentence more and more people
started to sentence more and more people
to<00:06:32.150> prison<00:06:32.389> for<00:06:33.320> the<00:06:33.410> rest<00:06:33.440> of<00:06:33.740> their<00:06:33.860> lives
to prison for the rest of their lives
to prison for the rest of their lives
without<00:06:34.460> the<00:06:34.729> possibility<00:06:34.940> of<00:06:35.419> parole<00:06:35.680> rather
without the possibility of parole rather
without the possibility of parole rather
than<00:06:36.950> sending<00:06:37.310> them<00:06:37.370> to<00:06:37.669> the<00:06:37.820> execution
than sending them to the execution
than sending them to the execution
chamber<00:06:39.430> why<00:06:40.430> is<00:06:40.490> that<00:06:40.610> happened<00:06:41.240> it<00:06:41.990> hasn't
chamber why is that happened it hasn't
chamber why is that happened it hasn't
happened<00:06:42.620> because<00:06:43.039> of<00:06:43.640> a<00:06:44.060> dissolution<00:06:44.840> of
happened because of a dissolution of
happened because of a dissolution of
popular
popular
popular
support<00:06:46.190> for<00:06:46.370> the<00:06:46.460> death<00:06:46.610> penalty<00:06:46.640> death
support for the death penalty death
support for the death penalty death
penalty<00:06:47.840> opponents<00:06:48.110> take<00:06:48.590> great<00:06:48.830> solace<00:06:49.100> in
penalty opponents take great solace in
penalty opponents take great solace in
the<00:06:49.520> fact<00:06:49.610> the<00:06:50.270> death<00:06:50.450> penalty<00:06:50.870> support<00:06:51.350> in
the fact the death penalty support in
the fact the death penalty support in
Texas<00:06:52.400> is<00:06:52.640> at<00:06:52.970> an<00:06:53.090> all-time<00:06:53.300> low<00:06:53.680> do<00:06:54.680> you<00:06:54.770> know
Texas is at an all-time low do you know
Texas is at an all-time low do you know
what<00:06:54.980> all-time<00:06:55.340> low<00:06:55.580> in<00:06:55.730> Texas<00:06:56.120> means<00:06:56.330> it
what all-time low in Texas means it
what all-time low in Texas means it
means<00:06:56.690> that<00:06:56.810> it's<00:06:56.930> in<00:06:57.050> the<00:06:57.140> low<00:06:57.370> 60%<00:06:58.370> now
means that it's in the low 60% now
means that it's in the low 60% now
that's<00:06:59.390> really<00:06:59.630> good<00:06:59.750> compared<00:07:00.710> to<00:07:00.770> the
that's really good compared to the
that's really good compared to the
mid-1980s<00:07:01.760> when<00:07:02.030> it<00:07:02.180> was<00:07:02.330> in<00:07:02.600> excess<00:07:03.080> of<00:07:03.200> 80
mid-1980s when it was in excess of 80
mid-1980s when it was in excess of 80
percent<00:07:03.740> but<00:07:04.670> we<00:07:04.760> can't<00:07:05.060> explain<00:07:05.540> the<00:07:05.780> decline
percent but we can't explain the decline
percent but we can't explain the decline
in<00:07:06.560> death<00:07:06.770> sentences<00:07:07.370> and<00:07:07.580> the<00:07:07.700> affinity<00:07:08.210> for
in death sentences and the affinity for
in death sentences and the affinity for
life<00:07:09.020> without<00:07:09.200> the<00:07:09.500> possibility<00:07:09.680> of<00:07:10.130> parole
life without the possibility of parole
life without the possibility of parole
by<00:07:10.850> an<00:07:11.120> erosion<00:07:11.780> of<00:07:11.840> support<00:07:12.230> for<00:07:12.410> the<00:07:12.500> death
by an erosion of support for the death
by an erosion of support for the death
penalty<00:07:13.010> because<00:07:13.190> people<00:07:13.610> still<00:07:13.850> support<00:07:14.000> the
penalty because people still support the
penalty because people still support the
death<00:07:14.480> penalty<00:07:14.570> what's<00:07:15.380> happened<00:07:15.800> to<00:07:16.100> cause
death penalty what's happened to cause
death penalty what's happened to cause
this<00:07:16.580> phenomenon<00:07:17.860> what's<00:07:18.860> happened<00:07:19.310> is<00:07:19.610> that
this phenomenon what's happened is that
this phenomenon what's happened is that
lawyers<00:07:20.930> who<00:07:21.680> represent<00:07:22.280> death<00:07:22.490> row<00:07:22.670> inmates
lawyers who represent death row inmates
lawyers who represent death row inmates
have<00:07:23.540> shifted<00:07:23.840> their<00:07:24.200> focus<00:07:24.230> to<00:07:24.680> earlier<00:07:25.640> and
have shifted their focus to earlier and
have shifted their focus to earlier and
earlier<00:07:26.150> chapters<00:07:26.930> of<00:07:27.080> the<00:07:27.170> death<00:07:27.320> penalty
earlier chapters of the death penalty
earlier chapters of the death penalty
story<00:07:28.120> so<00:07:29.120> 25<00:07:29.720> years<00:07:29.750> ago<00:07:30.290> they<00:07:30.470> focused<00:07:30.890> on
story so 25 years ago they focused on
story so 25 years ago they focused on
chapter<00:07:31.460> four<00:07:31.730> and<00:07:32.060> they<00:07:32.540> went<00:07:32.720> from<00:07:32.810> chapter
chapter four and they went from chapter
chapter four and they went from chapter
four<00:07:33.470> 25<00:07:34.010> years<00:07:34.310> ago<00:07:34.460> to<00:07:34.610> chapter<00:07:35.150> three<00:07:35.510> in
four 25 years ago to chapter three in
four 25 years ago to chapter three in
the<00:07:36.230> late<00:07:36.380> 1980s<00:07:37.220> and<00:07:37.400> they<00:07:37.850> went<00:07:38.030> from
the late 1980s and they went from
the late 1980s and they went from
chapter<00:07:38.540> 3<00:07:38.810> in<00:07:38.900> the<00:07:38.990> late<00:07:39.140> 1980s<00:07:40.010> to<00:07:40.130> chapter<00:07:40.640> 2
chapter 3 in the late 1980s to chapter 2
chapter 3 in the late 1980s to chapter 2
in<00:07:41.180> the<00:07:41.330> mid<00:07:41.480> 1990s<00:07:41.930> and<00:07:42.470> beginning<00:07:43.160> in<00:07:43.250> the
in the mid 1990s and beginning in the
in the mid 1990s and beginning in the
mid<00:07:43.520> to<00:07:43.670> late<00:07:43.850> 1990s<00:07:44.360> they<00:07:44.810> began<00:07:45.110> to<00:07:45.350> focus<00:07:45.530> on
mid to late 1990s they began to focus on
mid to late 1990s they began to focus on
chapter<00:07:46.130> 1<00:07:46.520> of<00:07:46.550> the<00:07:46.790> story
chapter 1 of the story
chapter 1 of the story
now<00:07:47.780> you<00:07:47.840> might<00:07:48.170> think<00:07:48.200> that<00:07:48.590> this<00:07:48.800> decline<00:07:49.310> in
now you might think that this decline in
now you might think that this decline in
death<00:07:49.970> sentences<00:07:50.570> and<00:07:50.690> the<00:07:50.780> increase<00:07:51.290> in<00:07:51.320> the
death sentences and the increase in the
death sentences and the increase in the
number<00:07:51.620> of<00:07:51.890> life<00:07:52.070> sentences<00:07:52.550> is<00:07:52.760> a<00:07:52.790> good<00:07:53.060> thing
number of life sentences is a good thing
number of life sentences is a good thing
or<00:07:53.390> a<00:07:53.450> bad<00:07:53.510> thing<00:07:53.660> I<00:07:54.110> don't<00:07:54.440> want<00:07:54.620> to<00:07:54.680> have<00:07:54.770> a
or a bad thing I don't want to have a
or a bad thing I don't want to have a
conversation<00:07:55.460> about<00:07:55.550> that<00:07:55.790> today<00:07:56.000> all<00:07:56.690> that<00:07:56.990> I
conversation about that today all that I
conversation about that today all that I
want<00:07:57.230> to<00:07:57.320> tell<00:07:57.500> you<00:07:57.650> is<00:07:57.800> that<00:07:57.830> the<00:07:58.190> reason<00:07:58.640> that
want to tell you is that the reason that
want to tell you is that the reason that
this<00:07:58.850> has<00:07:59.030> happened<00:07:59.480> is<00:07:59.930> because<00:08:00.320> death
this has happened is because death
this has happened is because death
penalty<00:08:01.070> lawyers<00:08:01.610> have<00:08:01.910> understood<00:08:02.540> that<00:08:03.320> the
penalty lawyers have understood that the
penalty lawyers have understood that the
earlier<00:08:03.950> you<00:08:04.040> intervene<00:08:04.460> in<00:08:05.030> a<00:08:05.120> case<00:08:05.360> the
earlier you intervene in a case the
earlier you intervene in a case the
greater<00:08:06.350> the<00:08:06.530> likelihood<00:08:06.560> that<00:08:07.100> you're<00:08:07.310> going
greater the likelihood that you're going
greater the likelihood that you're going
to<00:08:07.580> save<00:08:07.790> your<00:08:07.970> clients<00:08:08.360> life<00:08:09.070> that's<00:08:10.070> the
to save your clients life that's the
to save your clients life that's the
first<00:08:10.460> thing<00:08:10.640> I've<00:08:10.760> learned<00:08:11.030> here's<00:08:11.960> the
first thing I've learned here's the
first thing I've learned here's the
second<00:08:12.410> thing<00:08:12.440> I<00:08:12.620> learned<00:08:13.120> my<00:08:14.120> client<00:08:14.780> will
second thing I learned my client will
second thing I learned my client will
was<00:08:16.040> not<00:08:16.280> the<00:08:16.520> exception<00:08:17.060> to<00:08:17.210> the<00:08:17.300> rule
was not the exception to the rule
was not the exception to the rule
he<00:08:18.740> was<00:08:19.070> the<00:08:19.970> rule<00:08:20.180> I<00:08:20.920> sometimes<00:08:21.920> say<00:08:22.340> if<00:08:22.610> you
he was the rule I sometimes say if you
he was the rule I sometimes say if you
tell<00:08:23.060> me<00:08:23.240> the<00:08:23.390> name<00:08:23.570> of<00:08:23.600> a<00:08:23.960> death<00:08:24.110> row<00:08:24.290> inmate
tell me the name of a death row inmate
tell me the name of a death row inmate
doesn't<00:08:25.370> matter<00:08:25.490> what<00:08:25.640> state<00:08:25.940> he's<00:08:26.090> in
doesn't matter what state he's in
doesn't matter what state he's in
doesn't<00:08:26.810> matter<00:08:26.870> if<00:08:27.080> I've<00:08:27.170> ever<00:08:27.290> met<00:08:27.500> him
doesn't matter if I've ever met him
doesn't matter if I've ever met him
before<00:08:27.680> I'll<00:08:28.550> write<00:08:28.940> his<00:08:29.150> biography<00:08:29.390> for<00:08:30.110> you
before I'll write his biography for you
before I'll write his biography for you
and<00:08:30.820> eight<00:08:31.820> out<00:08:32.210> of<00:08:32.240> ten<00:08:32.570> times<00:08:32.890> the<00:08:33.890> details
and eight out of ten times the details
and eight out of ten times the details
of<00:08:34.729> that<00:08:34.850> biography<00:08:35.479> will<00:08:36.050> be<00:08:36.170> more<00:08:36.380> or<00:08:36.560> less
of that biography will be more or less
of that biography will be more or less
accurate<00:08:37.010> and<00:08:37.660> the<00:08:38.660> reason<00:08:38.990> for<00:08:39.020> that<00:08:39.170> is<00:08:39.530> that
accurate and the reason for that is that
accurate and the reason for that is that
80%<00:08:40.610> of<00:08:41.090> the<00:08:41.150> people<00:08:41.330> on<00:08:41.630> death<00:08:41.840> row<00:08:42.080> are
80% of the people on death row are
80% of the people on death row are
people<00:08:42.620> who<00:08:42.740> came<00:08:42.950> from<00:08:43.130> the<00:08:43.220> same<00:08:43.580> sort<00:08:43.940> of
people who came from the same sort of
people who came from the same sort of
dysfunctional<00:08:44.660> family<00:08:45.050> that<00:08:45.080> will<00:08:45.380> did<00:08:46.000> 80%
dysfunctional family that will did 80%
dysfunctional family that will did 80%
of<00:08:47.150> the<00:08:47.270> people<00:08:47.390> on<00:08:47.690> death<00:08:47.930> row<00:08:48.170> are<00:08:48.350> people
of the people on death row are people
of the people on death row are people
who<00:08:49.160> had<00:08:49.310> exposure<00:08:49.790> to<00:08:50.210> the<00:08:50.540> juvenile<00:08:50.960> justice
who had exposure to the juvenile justice
who had exposure to the juvenile justice
system<00:08:52.540> that's<00:08:53.540> the<00:08:53.780> second<00:08:54.140> lesson<00:08:54.260> that
system that's the second lesson that
system that's the second lesson that
I've<00:08:55.160> learned
I've learned
I've learned
now<00:08:56.860> we're<00:08:57.190> right<00:08:58.180> on<00:08:58.420> the<00:08:58.570> cusp<00:08:58.600> of<00:08:59.079> that
now we're right on the cusp of that
now we're right on the cusp of that
corner<00:08:59.790> where<00:09:00.790> everybody<00:09:01.240> is<00:09:01.420> going<00:09:01.600> to<00:09:01.660> agree
corner where everybody is going to agree
corner where everybody is going to agree
people<00:09:03.790> in<00:09:04.000> this<00:09:04.120> room<00:09:04.360> might<00:09:04.540> disagree<00:09:04.899> about
people in this room might disagree about
people in this room might disagree about
whether<00:09:05.829> will<00:09:06.160> should<00:09:06.430> have<00:09:06.519> been<00:09:06.639> executed
whether will should have been executed
whether will should have been executed
but<00:09:08.200> I<00:09:08.230> think<00:09:08.529> everybody<00:09:09.190> would<00:09:09.310> agree<00:09:09.370> that
but I think everybody would agree that
but I think everybody would agree that
the<00:09:10.690> best<00:09:10.930> best<00:09:11.350> possible<00:09:11.980> version<00:09:12.459> of<00:09:12.610> his
the best best possible version of his
the best best possible version of his
story<00:09:13.199> would<00:09:14.199> be<00:09:14.260> a<00:09:14.380> story<00:09:14.490> where<00:09:15.490> no<00:09:15.940> murder
story would be a story where no murder
story would be a story where no murder
ever<00:09:17.019> occurs<00:09:18.959> how<00:09:19.959> do<00:09:20.019> we<00:09:20.139> do<00:09:20.260> that<00:09:21.089> when<00:09:22.089> our
ever occurs how do we do that when our
ever occurs how do we do that when our
son<00:09:22.870> Lincoln<00:09:23.110> was<00:09:23.380> working<00:09:23.800> on<00:09:23.889> that<00:09:24.130> math
son Lincoln was working on that math
son Lincoln was working on that math
problem<00:09:25.079> two<00:09:26.079> weeks<00:09:26.290> ago<00:09:26.560> it<00:09:26.769> was<00:09:26.800> a<00:09:26.889> big
problem two weeks ago it was a big
problem two weeks ago it was a big
gnarly<00:09:27.670> problem<00:09:28.420> and<00:09:28.630> he<00:09:29.199> was<00:09:29.230> learning<00:09:29.800> how
gnarly problem and he was learning how
gnarly problem and he was learning how
when<00:09:30.370> you<00:09:30.459> have<00:09:30.639> a<00:09:30.670> big<00:09:30.970> old<00:09:31.060> gnarly<00:09:31.389> problem
when you have a big old gnarly problem
when you have a big old gnarly problem
sometimes<00:09:32.889> the<00:09:33.100> solution<00:09:33.550> is<00:09:33.670> to<00:09:33.850> slice<00:09:34.240> it
sometimes the solution is to slice it
sometimes the solution is to slice it
into<00:09:34.810> smaller<00:09:35.139> problems<00:09:35.550> that's<00:09:36.550> what<00:09:36.730> we<00:09:36.820> do
into smaller problems that's what we do
into smaller problems that's what we do
for<00:09:36.970> most<00:09:37.240> problems<00:09:37.779> in<00:09:38.019> math<00:09:38.230> and<00:09:38.470> physics
for most problems in math and physics
for most problems in math and physics
even<00:09:38.949> in<00:09:39.160> Social<00:09:39.519> Policy<00:09:39.639> we<00:09:40.060> slice<00:09:40.449> them<00:09:40.720> into
even in Social Policy we slice them into
even in Social Policy we slice them into
smaller<00:09:41.769> more<00:09:42.040> manageable<00:09:42.279> problems<00:09:43.089> but
smaller more manageable problems but
smaller more manageable problems but
every<00:09:44.079> once<00:09:44.260> in<00:09:44.380> a<00:09:44.470> while<00:09:44.500> as<00:09:45.490> Dwight
every once in a while as Dwight
every once in a while as Dwight
Eisenhower<00:09:46.269> said<00:09:46.620> the<00:09:47.620> way<00:09:47.800> you<00:09:47.829> solve<00:09:48.220> a
Eisenhower said the way you solve a
Eisenhower said the way you solve a
problem<00:09:48.370> is<00:09:49.240> to<00:09:49.329> make<00:09:49.750> it<00:09:49.930> bigger<00:09:52.050> the<00:09:53.050> way<00:09:53.199> we
problem is to make it bigger the way we
problem is to make it bigger the way we
solve<00:09:53.829> this<00:09:54.100> problem<00:09:54.160> is<00:09:54.910> to<00:09:55.720> make<00:09:55.930> the<00:09:56.260> issue
solve this problem is to make the issue
solve this problem is to make the issue
of<00:09:56.889> the<00:09:57.010> death<00:09:57.190> penalty<00:09:57.370> bigger<00:09:58.320> we<00:09:59.320> have<00:09:59.529> to
of the death penalty bigger we have to
of the death penalty bigger we have to
say<00:09:59.980> all<00:10:00.430> right<00:10:00.699> we<00:10:01.690> have<00:10:01.899> these<00:10:02.079> four
say all right we have these four
say all right we have these four
chapters<00:10:02.920> of<00:10:03.490> a<00:10:04.060> death<00:10:04.209> penalty<00:10:04.240> story<00:10:05.430> but
chapters of a death penalty story but
chapters of a death penalty story but
what<00:10:06.640> happens<00:10:07.089> before<00:10:07.660> that<00:10:08.260> story<00:10:08.709> begins
what happens before that story begins
what happens before that story begins
how<00:10:11.050> can<00:10:11.410> we<00:10:11.589> intervene<00:10:12.220> in<00:10:12.579> the<00:10:12.699> life<00:10:12.940> of<00:10:13.209> a
how can we intervene in the life of a
how can we intervene in the life of a
murderer<00:10:14.310> before<00:10:15.310> he's<00:10:16.269> a<00:10:16.300> murderer<00:10:16.800> what
murderer before he's a murderer what
murderer before he's a murderer what
options<00:10:18.399> do<00:10:18.670> we<00:10:18.699> have<00:10:19.110> to<00:10:20.110> nudge<00:10:20.440> that<00:10:20.740> person
options do we have to nudge that person
options do we have to nudge that person
off<00:10:21.579> of<00:10:22.269> the<00:10:22.390> path<00:10:22.660> that<00:10:23.500> is<00:10:23.680> going<00:10:23.740> to<00:10:24.070> lead<00:10:24.310> to
off of the path that is going to lead to
off of the path that is going to lead to
a<00:10:24.550> result<00:10:25.089> that<00:10:25.240> everybody<00:10:25.920> death<00:10:26.920> penalty
a result that everybody death penalty
a result that everybody death penalty
supporters<00:10:27.519> and<00:10:28.089> death<00:10:28.269> penalty<00:10:28.660> opponents
supporters and death penalty opponents
supporters and death penalty opponents
still<00:10:29.829> think<00:10:30.130> is<00:10:30.339> a<00:10:30.940> bad<00:10:31.329> result<00:10:31.829> the<00:10:32.829> murder
still think is a bad result the murder
still think is a bad result the murder
of<00:10:33.220> an<00:10:33.459> innocent<00:10:33.550> human<00:10:34.000> being<00:10:36.750> you<00:10:37.750> know
of an innocent human being you know
of an innocent human being you know
sometimes<00:10:38.260> people<00:10:38.769> say<00:10:39.040> that<00:10:40.029> something
sometimes people say that something
sometimes people say that something
isn't<00:10:41.290> rocket<00:10:41.860> science<00:10:42.100> and<00:10:42.850> by<00:10:43.480> that<00:10:43.690> what
isn't rocket science and by that what
isn't rocket science and by that what
they<00:10:43.959> mean<00:10:44.110> is<00:10:44.319> rocket<00:10:44.769> science<00:10:45.069> is<00:10:45.190> really
they mean is rocket science is really
they mean is rocket science is really
complicated<00:10:45.760> and<00:10:46.240> this<00:10:46.779> problem<00:10:47.019> that<00:10:47.260> we're
complicated and this problem that we're
complicated and this problem that we're
talking<00:10:47.529> about<00:10:47.800> now<00:10:47.949> is<00:10:48.579> really<00:10:48.940> simple<00:10:49.360> well
talking about now is really simple well
talking about now is really simple well
that's<00:10:50.350> rocket<00:10:50.769> science<00:10:51.100> that's<00:10:51.640> the
that's rocket science that's the
that's rocket science that's the
mathematical<00:10:52.170> expression<00:10:53.170> for<00:10:53.350> the<00:10:54.160> thrust
mathematical expression for the thrust
mathematical expression for the thrust
created<00:10:55.569> by<00:10:55.720> a<00:10:55.750> rocket<00:10:56.550> what<00:10:57.550> we're<00:10:57.730> talking
created by a rocket what we're talking
created by a rocket what we're talking
about<00:10:58.360> today<00:10:58.660> is<00:10:59.069> just<00:11:00.069> as<00:11:00.250> complicated<00:11:01.019> what
about today is just as complicated what
about today is just as complicated what
we're<00:11:02.199> talking<00:11:02.589> about<00:11:02.649> today<00:11:02.980> is<00:11:03.390> also<00:11:04.470> rocket
we're talking about today is also rocket
we're talking about today is also rocket
science<00:11:06.390> my<00:11:07.390> client<00:11:07.870> will<00:11:08.050> and<00:11:08.880> 80%
science my client will and 80%
science my client will and 80%
of<00:11:10.060> the<00:11:10.180> people<00:11:10.480> on<00:11:10.660> death<00:11:10.900> row<00:11:11.370> had<00:11:12.370> five
of the people on death row had five
of the people on death row had five
chapters<00:11:13.660> in<00:11:13.900> their<00:11:14.140> lives<00:11:14.410> that<00:11:14.980> came<00:11:15.610> before
chapters in their lives that came before
chapters in their lives that came before
the<00:11:16.840> four<00:11:17.050> chapters<00:11:17.560> of<00:11:17.590> the<00:11:17.890> death<00:11:18.040> penalty
the four chapters of the death penalty
the four chapters of the death penalty
story<00:11:18.700> I<00:11:18.970> think<00:11:19.570> of<00:11:19.990> these<00:11:20.110> five<00:11:20.170> chapters<00:11:20.950> as
story I think of these five chapters as
story I think of these five chapters as
points<00:11:21.820> of<00:11:21.970> intervention<00:11:22.650> places<00:11:23.650> in<00:11:23.890> their
points of intervention places in their
points of intervention places in their
lives<00:11:24.310> when<00:11:24.940> our<00:11:25.240> society<00:11:25.710> could<00:11:26.710> have
lives when our society could have
lives when our society could have
intervened<00:11:27.250> in<00:11:27.580> their<00:11:27.700> lives<00:11:27.910> and<00:11:28.390> nudged
intervened in their lives and nudged
intervened in their lives and nudged
them<00:11:29.230> off<00:11:29.530> of<00:11:29.770> the<00:11:29.890> path<00:11:30.100> that<00:11:30.340> they<00:11:30.460> were<00:11:30.520> on
them off of the path that they were on
them off of the path that they were on
that<00:11:31.450> created<00:11:31.990> a<00:11:32.080> consequence<00:11:32.740> that<00:11:32.980> we<00:11:33.340> all
that created a consequence that we all
that created a consequence that we all
death<00:11:34.150> penalty<00:11:34.540> supporters<00:11:34.720> or<00:11:35.260> death
death penalty supporters or death
death penalty supporters or death
penalty<00:11:35.830> opponents<00:11:36.430> say<00:11:37.150> was<00:11:37.360> a<00:11:37.480> bad<00:11:37.720> result
penalty opponents say was a bad result
penalty opponents say was a bad result
now<00:11:39.340> during<00:11:39.400> each<00:11:39.880> of<00:11:39.910> these<00:11:40.210> five<00:11:40.510> chapters
now during each of these five chapters
now during each of these five chapters
when<00:11:42.010> his<00:11:42.190> mother<00:11:42.430> was<00:11:42.610> pregnant<00:11:42.880> with<00:11:43.120> him<00:11:43.360> in
when his mother was pregnant with him in
when his mother was pregnant with him in
his<00:11:44.140> early<00:11:44.230> childhood<00:11:44.860> years<00:11:45.250> when<00:11:46.030> he<00:11:46.120> was<00:11:46.240> in
his early childhood years when he was in
his early childhood years when he was in
elementary<00:11:46.480> school<00:11:47.140> when<00:11:47.620> he<00:11:47.740> was<00:11:47.770> middle
elementary school when he was middle
elementary school when he was middle
school<00:11:48.160> and<00:11:48.700> then<00:11:48.880> high<00:11:49.060> school<00:11:49.090> and<00:11:49.570> when<00:11:49.990> he
school and then high school and when he
school and then high school and when he
was<00:11:50.110> in<00:11:50.230> the<00:11:50.380> juvenile<00:11:50.800> justice<00:11:51.070> system
was in the juvenile justice system
was in the juvenile justice system
during<00:11:51.820> each<00:11:52.030> of<00:11:52.060> those<00:11:52.330> five<00:11:52.660> chapters<00:11:53.230> there
during each of those five chapters there
during each of those five chapters there
were<00:11:53.800> a<00:11:53.830> wide<00:11:54.160> variety<00:11:54.430> of<00:11:54.790> things<00:11:55.090> that
were a wide variety of things that
were a wide variety of things that
society<00:11:55.570> could<00:11:55.960> have<00:11:56.110> done<00:11:56.290> in<00:11:56.680> fact<00:11:57.010> if<00:11:57.220> we
society could have done in fact if we
society could have done in fact if we
just<00:11:57.550> imagine<00:11:58.120> that<00:11:58.300> there<00:11:58.900> are<00:11:59.080> five
just imagine that there are five
just imagine that there are five
different<00:11:59.410> modes<00:12:00.250> of<00:12:00.580> intervention<00:12:00.820> the<00:12:01.450> way
different modes of intervention the way
different modes of intervention the way
that<00:12:01.900> society<00:12:02.050> could<00:12:02.710> intervene<00:12:03.190> in<00:12:03.700> each<00:12:03.970> of
that society could intervene in each of
that society could intervene in each of
those<00:12:04.300> five<00:12:04.600> chapters<00:12:05.170> and<00:12:05.410> we<00:12:05.800> could<00:12:05.980> mix<00:12:06.160> and
those five chapters and we could mix and
those five chapters and we could mix and
match<00:12:06.490> them<00:12:06.730> any<00:12:06.940> way<00:12:07.090> we<00:12:07.240> want<00:12:07.450> there<00:12:07.960> are
match them any way we want there are
match them any way we want there are
3,000<00:12:09.130> more<00:12:09.280> than<00:12:09.520> 3,000<00:12:10.270> possible
3,000 more than 3,000 possible
3,000 more than 3,000 possible
strategies<00:12:11.380> that<00:12:12.040> we<00:12:12.190> could<00:12:12.400> embrace<00:12:12.910> in
strategies that we could embrace in
strategies that we could embrace in
order<00:12:13.600> to<00:12:13.780> nudge<00:12:14.080> kids<00:12:14.620> like<00:12:14.920> will<00:12:15.190> off<00:12:15.460> of<00:12:16.089> the
order to nudge kids like will off of the
order to nudge kids like will off of the
path<00:12:16.420> that<00:12:16.450> they're<00:12:16.750> on<00:12:17.700> so<00:12:18.700> I'm<00:12:18.820> not<00:12:18.940> standing
path that they're on so I'm not standing
path that they're on so I'm not standing
here<00:12:19.630> today<00:12:19.810> with<00:12:20.680> the<00:12:21.160> solution<00:12:21.820> but<00:12:22.630> the
here today with the solution but the
here today with the solution but the
fact<00:12:23.890> that<00:12:24.010> we<00:12:24.220> still<00:12:24.490> have<00:12:24.700> a<00:12:24.730> lot<00:12:24.970> to<00:12:25.210> learn
fact that we still have a lot to learn
fact that we still have a lot to learn
that<00:12:27.040> doesn't<00:12:27.430> mean<00:12:27.550> that<00:12:27.580> we<00:12:27.790> don't<00:12:28.030> know<00:12:28.240> a
that doesn't mean that we don't know a
that doesn't mean that we don't know a
lot<00:12:28.720> already<00:12:29.550> we<00:12:30.550> know<00:12:30.730> from<00:12:30.970> experience<00:12:31.630> in
lot already we know from experience in
lot already we know from experience in
other<00:12:32.080> states<00:12:32.500> that<00:12:33.280> there<00:12:33.520> are<00:12:33.730> a<00:12:33.760> wide
other states that there are a wide
other states that there are a wide
variety<00:12:34.540> of<00:12:35.020> modes<00:12:35.560> of<00:12:35.830> intervention<00:12:36.120> that<00:12:37.120> we
variety of modes of intervention that we
variety of modes of intervention that we
could<00:12:37.480> be<00:12:37.600> using<00:12:37.990> in<00:12:38.140> Texas<00:12:38.589> and<00:12:38.770> in<00:12:38.890> every
could be using in Texas and in every
could be using in Texas and in every
other<00:12:39.160> state<00:12:39.610> that<00:12:39.880> isn't<00:12:40.000> using<00:12:40.450> them<00:12:40.570> in
other state that isn't using them in
other state that isn't using them in
order<00:12:41.800> to<00:12:42.100> prevent<00:12:42.460> a<00:12:42.610> consequence<00:12:43.270> that<00:12:43.360> we
order to prevent a consequence that we
order to prevent a consequence that we
all<00:12:43.780> agree<00:12:44.260> is<00:12:44.470> bad<00:12:44.790> I'll<00:12:45.790> just<00:12:46.089> mention<00:12:46.300> a<00:12:46.540> few
all agree is bad I'll just mention a few
all agree is bad I'll just mention a few
I<00:12:47.640> won't<00:12:48.640> talk<00:12:48.940> today<00:12:49.210> about<00:12:49.920> reforming<00:12:50.920> the
I won't talk today about reforming the
I won't talk today about reforming the
legal<00:12:51.640> system<00:12:52.000> that's<00:12:52.390> probably<00:12:52.810> a<00:12:52.900> topic
legal system that's probably a topic
legal system that's probably a topic
that's<00:12:53.530> best<00:12:54.160> reserved<00:12:54.520> for<00:12:54.910> a<00:12:54.940> room<00:12:55.150> full<00:12:55.390> of
that's best reserved for a room full of
that's best reserved for a room full of
lawyers<00:12:55.720> and<00:12:56.080> judges<00:12:56.430> instead<00:12:57.430> let<00:12:57.670> me<00:12:57.790> talk
lawyers and judges instead let me talk
lawyers and judges instead let me talk
about<00:12:58.330> a<00:12:58.870> couple<00:12:58.900> of<00:12:59.470> modes<00:12:59.950> of<00:13:00.160> intervention
about a couple of modes of intervention
about a couple of modes of intervention
that<00:13:01.210> we<00:13:01.360> can<00:13:01.570> all<00:13:01.900> help<00:13:02.260> accomplish<00:13:02.680> because
that we can all help accomplish because
that we can all help accomplish because
they<00:13:03.700> are<00:13:03.820> modes<00:13:04.060> of<00:13:04.270> intervention<00:13:04.750> that<00:13:04.780> will
they are modes of intervention that will
they are modes of intervention that will
come<00:13:05.260> about<00:13:05.380> when<00:13:06.100> legislators<00:13:06.700> and
come about when legislators and
come about when legislators and
policymakers<00:13:07.510> when<00:13:08.170> taxpayers<00:13:08.589> and<00:13:09.040> citizens
policymakers when taxpayers and citizens
policymakers when taxpayers and citizens
agree<00:13:10.450> that<00:13:10.690> that's<00:13:10.870> what<00:13:11.200> we<00:13:11.320> ought<00:13:11.470> to<00:13:11.500> be
agree that that's what we ought to be
agree that that's what we ought to be
doing<00:13:11.800> and<00:13:12.130> that's<00:13:12.220> how<00:13:12.460> we<00:13:12.520> ought<00:13:12.700> to<00:13:12.820> be
doing and that's how we ought to be
doing and that's how we ought to be
spending<00:13:13.270> our<00:13:13.360> money<00:13:13.390> we<00:13:14.380> could<00:13:14.620> be<00:13:14.710> providing
spending our money we could be providing
spending our money we could be providing
early<00:13:15.520> childhood<00:13:16.240> care<00:13:16.800> for<00:13:17.800> economically
early childhood care for economically
early childhood care for economically
disadvantaged<00:13:19.600> and<00:13:19.870> otherwise<00:13:20.260> troubled
disadvantaged and otherwise troubled
disadvantaged and otherwise troubled
kids<00:13:21.190> and<00:13:21.870> we<00:13:22.870> could<00:13:23.020> be<00:13:23.110> doing<00:13:23.350> it
kids and we could be doing it
kids and we could be doing it
free<00:13:24.279> and<00:13:24.549> we<00:13:25.359> could<00:13:25.540> be<00:13:25.629> nudging<00:13:25.929> kids<00:13:26.439> like
free and we could be nudging kids like
free and we could be nudging kids like
will<00:13:27.040> off<00:13:27.309> of<00:13:27.549> the<00:13:27.670> path<00:13:27.879> that<00:13:28.119> we're<00:13:28.239> on<00:13:28.470> there
will off of the path that we're on there
will off of the path that we're on there
are<00:13:29.559> other<00:13:29.649> states<00:13:30.009> that<00:13:30.189> do<00:13:30.369> that<00:13:30.549> but<00:13:31.480> we
are other states that do that but we
are other states that do that but we
don't<00:13:32.160> we<00:13:33.160> could<00:13:33.369> be<00:13:33.519> providing<00:13:33.790> special
don't we could be providing special
don't we could be providing special
schools<00:13:35.230> at<00:13:35.619> both<00:13:36.040> the<00:13:36.309> high<00:13:36.429> school<00:13:36.730> level
schools at both the high school level
schools at both the high school level
and<00:13:37.149> the<00:13:37.209> middle<00:13:37.389> school<00:13:37.600> level<00:13:37.629> but<00:13:37.989> even<00:13:38.410> in
and the middle school level but even in
and the middle school level but even in
K<00:13:39.129> through<00:13:39.160> five<00:13:39.639> the<00:13:40.629> target<00:13:41.049> economically
K through five the target economically
K through five the target economically
and<00:13:41.919> otherwise<00:13:42.149> disadvantaged<00:13:43.149> kids<00:13:43.419> and
and otherwise disadvantaged kids and
and otherwise disadvantaged kids and
particularly<00:13:44.169> kids<00:13:44.619> who<00:13:44.859> have<00:13:44.949> had<00:13:45.100> exposure
particularly kids who have had exposure
particularly kids who have had exposure
to<00:13:45.850> the<00:13:46.239> juvenile<00:13:46.629> justice<00:13:46.899> system<00:13:47.160> there<00:13:48.160> are
to the juvenile justice system there are
to the juvenile justice system there are
a<00:13:48.249> handful<00:13:48.639> of<00:13:48.699> states<00:13:48.999> that<00:13:49.179> do<00:13:49.419> that<00:13:49.629> Texas
a handful of states that do that Texas
a handful of states that do that Texas
doesn't<00:13:51.480> there's<00:13:52.480> one<00:13:52.689> other<00:13:52.869> thing<00:13:53.079> we<00:13:53.199> can
doesn't there's one other thing we can
doesn't there's one other thing we can
be<00:13:53.470> doing<00:13:53.649> well<00:13:54.309> they're<00:13:54.459> a<00:13:54.489> bunch<00:13:54.669> of<00:13:54.819> other
be doing well they're a bunch of other
be doing well they're a bunch of other
things<00:13:55.029> we<00:13:55.299> can<00:13:55.329> be<00:13:55.480> doing<00:13:55.600> there's<00:13:55.779> one<00:13:55.959> other
things we can be doing there's one other
things we can be doing there's one other
thing<00:13:56.290> that<00:13:56.319> we<00:13:56.470> could<00:13:56.619> be<00:13:56.679> doing<00:13:56.769> that<00:13:56.949> I'm
thing that we could be doing that I'm
thing that we could be doing that I'm
going<00:13:57.160> to<00:13:57.220> mention<00:13:57.399> and<00:13:57.699> this<00:13:57.730> is<00:13:57.939> going<00:13:58.089> to<00:13:58.149> be
going to mention and this is going to be
going to mention and this is going to be
the<00:13:58.329> only<00:13:58.509> controversial<00:13:59.230> thing<00:13:59.559> that<00:13:59.679> I<00:13:59.709> say
the only controversial thing that I say
the only controversial thing that I say
today<00:14:01.079> we<00:14:02.079> could<00:14:02.319> be<00:14:02.439> intervening<00:14:02.980> much<00:14:03.699> more
today we could be intervening much more
today we could be intervening much more
aggressively<00:14:04.689> into<00:14:05.669> dangerously
aggressively into dangerously
aggressively into dangerously
dysfunctional<00:14:07.629> homes<00:14:07.869> and<00:14:08.319> getting<00:14:09.100> kids<00:14:09.399> out
dysfunctional homes and getting kids out
dysfunctional homes and getting kids out
of<00:14:09.790> them<00:14:10.119> before<00:14:10.839> their<00:14:11.019> moms<00:14:11.199> pick<00:14:11.589> up
of them before their moms pick up
of them before their moms pick up
butcher<00:14:12.129> knives<00:14:12.309> and<00:14:12.669> threaten<00:14:13.119> to<00:14:13.149> kill<00:14:13.299> them
butcher knives and threaten to kill them
butcher knives and threaten to kill them
if<00:14:15.999> we're<00:14:16.299> gonna<00:14:16.389> do<00:14:16.629> that<00:14:16.859> we<00:14:17.859> need<00:14:18.009> a<00:14:18.040> place
if we're gonna do that we need a place
if we're gonna do that we need a place
to<00:14:18.339> put<00:14:18.699> them<00:14:19.290> even<00:14:20.290> if<00:14:20.379> we<00:14:20.529> do<00:14:20.679> all<00:14:20.919> of<00:14:20.949> those
to put them even if we do all of those
to put them even if we do all of those
things<00:14:21.279> some<00:14:21.850> kids<00:14:22.119> are<00:14:22.269> gonna<00:14:22.359> fall<00:14:22.629> through
things some kids are gonna fall through
things some kids are gonna fall through
the<00:14:22.929> cracks<00:14:23.169> and<00:14:23.410> they're<00:14:23.529> going<00:14:23.619> to<00:14:23.709> end<00:14:23.859> up
the cracks and they're going to end up
the cracks and they're going to end up
in<00:14:24.160> that<00:14:24.189> last<00:14:24.579> chapter<00:14:25.179> before<00:14:25.720> the<00:14:25.839> murder
in that last chapter before the murder
in that last chapter before the murder
story<00:14:26.379> begins<00:14:26.769> they're<00:14:26.980> gonna<00:14:27.100> end<00:14:27.309> up<00:14:27.459> in<00:14:27.639> the
story begins they're gonna end up in the
story begins they're gonna end up in the
juvenile<00:14:28.119> justice<00:14:28.149> system<00:14:28.540> and<00:14:28.929> even<00:14:29.589> if<00:14:29.679> that
juvenile justice system and even if that
juvenile justice system and even if that
happens<00:14:30.839> it's<00:14:31.839> not<00:14:32.110> yet<00:14:32.439> too<00:14:32.709> late<00:14:33.149> there's
happens it's not yet too late there's
happens it's not yet too late there's
still<00:14:34.569> time<00:14:35.049> to<00:14:35.079> nudge<00:14:35.829> them<00:14:36.100> if<00:14:36.369> we<00:14:37.089> think
still time to nudge them if we think
still time to nudge them if we think
about<00:14:37.540> nudging<00:14:37.929> them<00:14:38.230> rather<00:14:38.709> than<00:14:38.980> just
about nudging them rather than just
about nudging them rather than just
punishing<00:14:39.790> them<00:14:39.939> there<00:14:40.929> are<00:14:41.049> two<00:14:41.199> professors
punishing them there are two professors
punishing them there are two professors
in<00:14:41.889> the<00:14:41.949> Northeast<00:14:42.309> one<00:14:42.519> at<00:14:42.639> Yale<00:14:42.790> and<00:14:42.970> one<00:14:43.119> at
in the Northeast one at Yale and one at
in the Northeast one at Yale and one at
Maryland<00:14:43.569> they<00:14:43.720> set<00:14:43.989> up<00:14:44.110> a<00:14:44.230> school<00:14:44.739> that<00:14:45.519> is
Maryland they set up a school that is
Maryland they set up a school that is
attached<00:14:46.029> to<00:14:46.329> a<00:14:46.720> juvenile<00:14:47.410> prison<00:14:48.249> and<00:14:48.480> the
attached to a juvenile prison and the
attached to a juvenile prison and the
kids<00:14:49.720> are<00:14:49.869> in<00:14:49.989> prison<00:14:50.350> but<00:14:50.739> they<00:14:50.860> go<00:14:51.009> to<00:14:51.040> school
kids are in prison but they go to school
kids are in prison but they go to school
from<00:14:51.759> 8:00<00:14:52.059> in<00:14:52.209> the<00:14:52.239> morning<00:14:52.299> until<00:14:52.899> 4:00<00:14:53.139> in
from 8:00 in the morning until 4:00 in
from 8:00 in the morning until 4:00 in
the<00:14:53.290> afternoon<00:14:53.350> now<00:14:54.279> it<00:14:54.489> was<00:14:54.610> logistically
the afternoon now it was logistically
the afternoon now it was logistically
difficult<00:14:55.389> they<00:14:55.929> had<00:14:56.019> to<00:14:56.169> recruit<00:14:56.410> teachers
difficult they had to recruit teachers
difficult they had to recruit teachers
who<00:14:57.100> wanted<00:14:57.369> to<00:14:57.429> teach<00:14:57.730> inside<00:14:58.269> a<00:14:58.329> prison<00:14:58.779> they
who wanted to teach inside a prison they
who wanted to teach inside a prison they
had<00:14:59.499> to<00:14:59.589> establish<00:14:59.739> strict<00:15:00.429> separation
had to establish strict separation
had to establish strict separation
between<00:15:01.269> the<00:15:01.509> people<00:15:01.749> who<00:15:01.869> work<00:15:02.079> at<00:15:02.230> the
between the people who work at the
between the people who work at the
school<00:15:02.589> and<00:15:02.829> the<00:15:02.919> prison<00:15:03.220> authorities<00:15:03.339> and
school and the prison authorities and
school and the prison authorities and
most<00:15:04.149> dauntingly<00:15:04.660> of<00:15:04.869> all<00:15:05.019> they<00:15:05.290> needed<00:15:05.499> to
most dauntingly of all they needed to
most dauntingly of all they needed to
invent<00:15:06.009> a<00:15:06.189> new<00:15:06.220> curriculum<00:15:07.029> because<00:15:07.179> you<00:15:07.389> know
invent a new curriculum because you know
invent a new curriculum because you know
what<00:15:07.720> people<00:15:07.899> don't<00:15:08.470> come<00:15:08.769> into<00:15:09.039> and<00:15:09.399> out<00:15:09.489> of
what people don't come into and out of
what people don't come into and out of
prison<00:15:09.999> on<00:15:10.119> a<00:15:10.179> semester<00:15:10.629> basis
prison on a semester basis
prison on a semester basis
but<00:15:13.720> they<00:15:13.869> did<00:15:14.109> all<00:15:14.499> those<00:15:14.799> things<00:15:15.720> now<00:15:16.720> what
but they did all those things now what
but they did all those things now what
do<00:15:16.959> all<00:15:16.989> of<00:15:17.229> these<00:15:17.529> things<00:15:17.589> have<00:15:18.069> in<00:15:18.100> common
do all of these things have in common
do all of these things have in common
what<00:15:19.449> all<00:15:19.689> of<00:15:19.720> these<00:15:19.989> things<00:15:20.259> have<00:15:20.529> in<00:15:20.559> common
what all of these things have in common
what all of these things have in common
is<00:15:21.309> that<00:15:22.119> they<00:15:22.449> cost<00:15:22.839> money<00:15:24.959> some<00:15:25.959> of<00:15:26.049> the
is that they cost money some of the
is that they cost money some of the
people<00:15:26.350> in<00:15:26.439> the<00:15:26.529> room<00:15:26.739> might<00:15:27.039> be<00:15:27.220> old<00:15:27.519> enough
people in the room might be old enough
people in the room might be old enough
to<00:15:27.819> remember<00:15:28.269> the<00:15:28.660> guy<00:15:29.470> on<00:15:29.889> the<00:15:30.549> old<00:15:30.789> oil
to remember the guy on the old oil
to remember the guy on the old oil
filter<00:15:31.470> commercial<00:15:32.470> he<00:15:32.619> used<00:15:32.829> to<00:15:33.009> say<00:15:33.389> well
filter commercial he used to say well
filter commercial he used to say well
you<00:15:35.169> can<00:15:35.319> pay<00:15:35.499> me<00:15:35.619> now<00:15:35.799> or<00:15:36.669> you<00:15:36.789> can<00:15:36.970> pay<00:15:37.119> me
you can pay me now or you can pay me
you can pay me now or you can pay me
later<00:15:38.579> what<00:15:39.579> we're<00:15:39.759> doing<00:15:40.119> in<00:15:41.019> the<00:15:41.649> death
later what we're doing in the death
later what we're doing in the death
penalty<00:15:42.220> system<00:15:42.609> is<00:15:43.509> we're<00:15:44.350> paying<00:15:44.649> later<00:15:46.410> but
penalty system is we're paying later but
penalty system is we're paying later but
the<00:15:47.499> thing<00:15:47.739> is<00:15:48.059> that<00:15:49.059> for<00:15:49.119> every<00:15:49.359> fifteen
the thing is that for every fifteen
the thing is that for every fifteen
thousand<00:15:50.470> dollars<00:15:50.799> that<00:15:51.309> we<00:15:51.459> spend
thousand dollars that we spend
thousand dollars that we spend
intervening<00:15:52.509> in<00:15:52.899> the<00:15:53.619> lives<00:15:53.649> of<00:15:54.509> economically
intervening in the lives of economically
intervening in the lives of economically
and<00:15:55.720> otherwise<00:15:55.869> disadvantaged<00:15:56.769> kids<00:15:57.009> in
and otherwise disadvantaged kids in
and otherwise disadvantaged kids in
those<00:15:57.339> earlier<00:15:57.759> chapters<00:15:58.269> we<00:15:58.569> save<00:15:58.809> eighty
those earlier chapters we save eighty
those earlier chapters we save eighty
thousand<00:15:59.949> dollars<00:16:00.220> in<00:16:00.399> crime<00:16:00.669> related<00:16:00.819> costs
thousand dollars in crime related costs
thousand dollars in crime related costs
down<00:16:01.749> the<00:16:01.809> road<00:16:02.309> even<00:16:03.309> if<00:16:03.579> you<00:16:03.729> don't<00:16:04.059> agree
down the road even if you don't agree
down the road even if you don't agree
that<00:16:04.989> there's<00:16:05.889> a<00:16:05.979> moral<00:16:06.669> imperative<00:16:06.850> that<00:16:07.569> we
that there's a moral imperative that we
that there's a moral imperative that we
do<00:16:08.259> it<00:16:08.850> it<00:16:09.850> just<00:16:10.239> makes<00:16:10.539> economic<00:16:11.319> sense<00:16:11.679> I
do it it just makes economic sense I
do it it just makes economic sense I
want<00:16:13.720> to<00:16:13.869> tell<00:16:13.989> you<00:16:14.049> about<00:16:14.139> the<00:16:14.319> last
want to tell you about the last
want to tell you about the last
conversation<00:16:15.160> that<00:16:15.189> I<00:16:15.309> had<00:16:15.459> with<00:16:15.489> will<00:16:16.829> it<00:16:17.829> was
conversation that I had with will it was
conversation that I had with will it was
the<00:16:20.109> day<00:16:20.289> that<00:16:20.319> he<00:16:20.589> was<00:16:20.679> going<00:16:20.829> to<00:16:20.949> be<00:16:21.009> executed
the day that he was going to be executed
the day that he was going to be executed
and<00:16:22.869> we<00:16:23.379> were<00:16:23.619> just<00:16:24.149> talking<00:16:25.149> there<00:16:25.600> was
and we were just talking there was
and we were just talking there was
nothing<00:16:26.049> left<00:16:26.169> to<00:16:26.379> do<00:16:26.529> in<00:16:26.769> his<00:16:27.069> case<00:16:27.749> and<00:16:28.749> we
nothing left to do in his case and we
nothing left to do in his case and we
were<00:16:28.959> talking<00:16:29.289> about<00:16:29.350> his<00:16:29.589> life<00:16:29.769> and<00:16:30.359> he<00:16:31.359> was
were talking about his life and he was
were talking about his life and he was
talking<00:16:31.929> first<00:16:32.139> about<00:16:32.499> his<00:16:32.619> dad<00:16:32.829> who<00:16:33.100> he
talking first about his dad who he
talking first about his dad who he
hardly<00:16:33.429> knew<00:16:33.699> who<00:16:34.149> had<00:16:34.269> died<00:16:34.449> and<00:16:35.039> then<00:16:36.039> about
hardly knew who had died and then about
hardly knew who had died and then about
his<00:16:36.429> mom<00:16:37.079> who<00:16:38.079> he<00:16:38.199> did<00:16:38.379> know<00:16:38.559> who<00:16:39.100> was<00:16:39.220> still
his mom who he did know who was still
his mom who he did know who was still
alive
alive
alive
and<00:16:41.019> I<00:16:41.439> said<00:16:41.679> to<00:16:41.829> him<00:16:41.979> I<00:16:43.199> know<00:16:44.199> the<00:16:44.499> story<00:16:45.119> I've
and I said to him I know the story I've
and I said to him I know the story I've
read<00:16:46.329> the<00:16:46.449> records<00:16:46.839> I<00:16:47.169> know<00:16:48.039> that<00:16:48.339> she<00:16:48.489> tried
read the records I know that she tried
read the records I know that she tried
to<00:16:48.729> kill<00:16:48.999> you<00:16:49.209> I<00:16:49.619> said<00:16:50.619> but<00:16:50.739> I've<00:16:50.889> always
to kill you I said but I've always
to kill you I said but I've always
wondered<00:16:51.339> whether<00:16:51.639> you<00:16:51.939> really<00:16:52.239> actually
wondered whether you really actually
wondered whether you really actually
remember<00:16:54.039> that<00:16:54.309> I<00:16:54.579> said<00:16:55.089> I<00:16:55.209> don't<00:16:55.269> remember
remember that I said I don't remember
remember that I said I don't remember
anything<00:16:56.079> from<00:16:56.499> when<00:16:57.100> I<00:16:57.220> was<00:16:57.459> five<00:16:57.699> years<00:16:57.729> old
anything from when I was five years old
anything from when I was five years old
maybe<00:16:59.139> you<00:16:59.319> just<00:16:59.499> remember<00:16:59.859> somebody<00:17:00.159> telling
maybe you just remember somebody telling
maybe you just remember somebody telling
you<00:17:00.899> and<00:17:01.899> he<00:17:01.989> looked<00:17:02.229> at<00:17:02.350> me<00:17:02.499> and<00:17:02.679> he<00:17:02.769> leaned
you and he looked at me and he leaned
you and he looked at me and he leaned
forward<00:17:03.549> and<00:17:03.970> he<00:17:04.299> said<00:17:04.600> professor<00:17:05.110> he'd<00:17:05.319> known
forward and he said professor he'd known
forward and he said professor he'd known
me<00:17:05.589> for<00:17:05.769> 12<00:17:05.949> years<00:17:06.220> he<00:17:06.339> still<00:17:06.519> called<00:17:06.730> me
me for 12 years he still called me
me for 12 years he still called me
professor
professor
professor
he<00:17:07.720> said<00:17:07.899> professor<00:17:08.350> I<00:17:08.529> don't<00:17:08.709> mean<00:17:08.829> any
he said professor I don't mean any
he said professor I don't mean any
disrespect<00:17:09.699> by<00:17:10.059> this<00:17:10.439> but<00:17:11.439> when<00:17:11.589> your<00:17:11.799> mama
disrespect by this but when your mama
disrespect by this but when your mama
picks<00:17:12.939> up<00:17:13.120> a<00:17:13.209> butcher<00:17:13.539> knife<00:17:13.659> that<00:17:13.990> looks
picks up a butcher knife that looks
picks up a butcher knife that looks
bigger<00:17:14.409> than<00:17:14.620> you<00:17:14.740> are<00:17:14.949> and<00:17:15.809> chases<00:17:16.809> you
bigger than you are and chases you
bigger than you are and chases you
through<00:17:17.230> the<00:17:17.350> house<00:17:17.500> screaming<00:17:17.740> she's<00:17:18.370> gonna
through the house screaming she's gonna
through the house screaming she's gonna
kill<00:17:18.879> you<00:17:19.059> and<00:17:19.329> you<00:17:20.259> have<00:17:20.439> to<00:17:20.470> lock<00:17:20.799> yourself
kill you and you have to lock yourself
kill you and you have to lock yourself
in<00:17:21.610> the<00:17:21.669> bathroom<00:17:21.819> and<00:17:22.419> lean<00:17:22.720> against<00:17:22.990> the
in the bathroom and lean against the
in the bathroom and lean against the
door<00:17:23.350> and<00:17:23.500> holler<00:17:23.860> for<00:17:24.129> help<00:17:24.189> until<00:17:24.730> the
door and holler for help until the
door and holler for help until the
police<00:17:25.149> get
police get
police get
there<00:17:26.500> he<00:17:27.500> looked<00:17:27.709> at<00:17:27.829> me<00:17:27.920> and<00:17:28.010> he<00:17:28.130> said<00:17:28.420> that's
there he looked at me and he said that's
there he looked at me and he said that's
something<00:17:30.049> you<00:17:30.410> don't<00:17:30.620> forget
something you don't forget
something you don't forget
I<00:17:32.110> hope<00:17:33.110> there's<00:17:33.320> one<00:17:33.500> thing<00:17:33.650> you<00:17:33.799> won't
I hope there's one thing you won't
I hope there's one thing you won't
forget<00:17:34.460> in<00:17:35.120> between<00:17:35.990> the<00:17:36.080> time<00:17:36.290> you<00:17:36.320> arrived
forget in between the time you arrived
forget in between the time you arrived
here<00:17:36.980> this<00:17:37.100> morning<00:17:37.160> and<00:17:37.520> the<00:17:37.610> time<00:17:37.790> we<00:17:37.970> break
here this morning and the time we break
here this morning and the time we break
for<00:17:38.390> lunch<00:17:38.450> they're<00:17:39.440> going<00:17:39.650> to<00:17:39.740> be<00:17:39.830> four
for lunch they're going to be four
for lunch they're going to be four
homicides<00:17:40.790> in<00:17:41.090> the<00:17:41.299> United<00:17:41.690> States<00:17:42.220> we're
homicides in the United States we're
homicides in the United States we're
going<00:17:43.460> to<00:17:43.580> devote<00:17:43.850> enormous<00:17:44.360> social
going to devote enormous social
going to devote enormous social
resources<00:17:45.590> to<00:17:46.340> punishing<00:17:46.730> the<00:17:46.940> people<00:17:47.210> who
resources to punishing the people who
resources to punishing the people who
commit<00:17:47.600> those<00:17:47.720> crimes<00:17:47.780> and<00:17:48.230> that's
commit those crimes and that's
commit those crimes and that's
appropriate<00:17:48.950> because<00:17:49.190> we<00:17:49.340> should<00:17:49.520> punish
appropriate because we should punish
appropriate because we should punish
people<00:17:50.030> who<00:17:50.179> do<00:17:50.420> bad<00:17:50.540> things<00:17:50.980> but<00:17:51.980> three<00:17:52.429> of
people who do bad things but three of
people who do bad things but three of
those<00:17:52.700> crimes<00:17:53.150> are<00:17:53.630> preventable<00:17:54.350> if<00:17:54.740> we<00:17:55.580> make
those crimes are preventable if we make
those crimes are preventable if we make
the<00:17:56.330> picture<00:17:56.900> bigger<00:17:56.929> and<00:17:57.970> devote<00:17:58.970> our
the picture bigger and devote our
the picture bigger and devote our
attention<00:17:59.750> to<00:18:00.200> the<00:18:00.320> earlier<00:18:00.679> chapters<00:18:01.870> then
attention to the earlier chapters then
attention to the earlier chapters then
we're<00:18:03.020> never<00:18:03.320> going<00:18:03.710> to<00:18:03.770> write<00:18:04.100> the<00:18:04.490> first
we're never going to write the first
we're never going to write the first
sentence<00:18:05.419> that<00:18:06.290> begins<00:18:06.350> the<00:18:06.830> death<00:18:06.950> penalty
sentence that begins the death penalty
sentence that begins the death penalty
story<00:18:08.260> thank<00:18:09.260> you
you
David R. Dow, TED, TEDx, TEDxAustin, inmate, death, row, TED-Ed, TED, Ed, TEDEducation, penalty, murder, legal, law
