Welcome to the genomic revolution - Richard Resnick
ladies<00:00:16.680> and<00:00:16.800> gentlemen<00:00:17.220> I<00:00:17.369> present<00:00:17.609> to<00:00:18.060> you
ladies and gentlemen I present to you
ladies and gentlemen I present to you
the<00:00:18.539> human<00:00:18.960> genome<00:00:23.000> chromosome<00:00:24.000> one<00:00:24.330> top<00:00:24.630> left
the human genome chromosome one top left
the human genome chromosome one top left
bottom<00:00:25.470> right<00:00:25.769> are<00:00:25.980> the<00:00:26.099> sex<00:00:26.340> chromosomes
bottom right are the sex chromosomes
bottom right are the sex chromosomes
women<00:00:27.930> have<00:00:28.080> two<00:00:28.410> copies<00:00:28.949> of<00:00:28.980> that<00:00:29.099> big<00:00:29.429> X
women have two copies of that big X
women have two copies of that big X
chromosome<00:00:30.269> men<00:00:30.510> have<00:00:30.810> the<00:00:31.140> X<00:00:31.320> and<00:00:31.619> of<00:00:31.769> course
chromosome men have the X and of course
chromosome men have the X and of course
that<00:00:32.309> small<00:00:32.610> copy<00:00:32.850> of<00:00:33.059> the<00:00:33.180> Y<00:00:33.360> sorry<00:00:33.780> boys<00:00:34.079> but
that small copy of the Y sorry boys but
that small copy of the Y sorry boys but
it's<00:00:34.530> just<00:00:34.770> a<00:00:34.860> tiny<00:00:35.070> little<00:00:35.280> thing<00:00:35.520> that<00:00:35.550> makes
it's just a tiny little thing that makes
it's just a tiny little thing that makes
you<00:00:35.910> different<00:00:36.530> so<00:00:37.530> if<00:00:37.980> you<00:00:38.190> zoom<00:00:38.219> in<00:00:38.579> on<00:00:38.610> this
you different so if you zoom in on this
you different so if you zoom in on this
genome<00:00:39.469> then<00:00:40.489> what<00:00:41.489> you<00:00:41.610> see<00:00:41.790> of<00:00:41.879> course<00:00:41.910> is
genome then what you see of course is
genome then what you see of course is
this<00:00:42.600> double<00:00:42.899> helix<00:00:43.020> structure<00:00:43.530> the<00:00:43.920> code
this double helix structure the code
this double helix structure the code
'life<00:00:44.370> spelled<00:00:44.670> out<00:00:44.820> with<00:00:45.030> these<00:00:45.180> four<00:00:45.539> bio
'life spelled out with these four bio
'life spelled out with these four bio
chemical<00:00:46.289> letters<00:00:46.559> or<00:00:46.710> we<00:00:46.800> call<00:00:46.920> them<00:00:46.980> bases
chemical letters or we call them bases
chemical letters or we call them bases
right<00:00:47.760> AC<00:00:48.270> G<00:00:48.629> and<00:00:48.780> T<00:00:48.930> how<00:00:49.440> many<00:00:49.590> are<00:00:49.739> there<00:00:49.890> in
right AC G and T how many are there in
right AC G and T how many are there in
the<00:00:50.070> human<00:00:50.309> genome<00:00:50.340> 3<00:00:50.969> billion<00:00:51.390> is<00:00:51.570> that<00:00:52.050> a<00:00:52.079> big
the human genome 3 billion is that a big
the human genome 3 billion is that a big
number<00:00:52.430> well<00:00:53.430> everybody<00:00:54.300> can<00:00:54.449> throw<00:00:54.600> around
number well everybody can throw around
number well everybody can throw around
big<00:00:55.020> numbers<00:00:55.379> but<00:00:55.530> in<00:00:55.649> fact<00:00:55.800> if<00:00:56.309> I<00:00:56.489> were<00:00:56.579> to
big numbers but in fact if I were to
big numbers but in fact if I were to
place<00:00:56.879> one<00:00:57.180> base<00:00:57.480> on<00:00:57.690> each<00:00:57.899> pixel<00:00:58.350> of<00:00:58.379> this
place one base on each pixel of this
place one base on each pixel of this
1280<00:00:59.129> by<00:00:59.309> 800<00:00:59.489> resolution<00:00:59.850> screen<00:01:00.629> we<00:01:01.500> would
1280 by 800 resolution screen we would
1280 by 800 resolution screen we would
need<00:01:01.829> 3,000<00:01:02.670> screens<00:01:03.120> to<00:01:03.449> take<00:01:03.899> a<00:01:03.930> look<00:01:04.140> at<00:01:04.260> the
need 3,000 screens to take a look at the
need 3,000 screens to take a look at the
genome<00:01:04.589> so<00:01:04.860> it's<00:01:04.979> really<00:01:05.100> quite<00:01:05.339> big<00:01:05.549> and
genome so it's really quite big and
genome so it's really quite big and
perhaps<00:01:06.000> because<00:01:06.420> of<00:01:06.450> its<00:01:06.720> size<00:01:06.869> a<00:01:07.290> group<00:01:08.130> of
perhaps because of its size a group of
perhaps because of its size a group of
people<00:01:08.549> all<00:01:08.939> by<00:01:09.299> the<00:01:09.360> way<00:01:09.479> with<00:01:09.689> y<00:01:09.840> chromosomes
people all by the way with y chromosomes
people all by the way with y chromosomes
decided<00:01:10.950> that<00:01:11.010> they<00:01:11.130> would<00:01:11.280> want<00:01:11.520> to<00:01:11.640> sequence
decided that they would want to sequence
decided that they would want to sequence
it
it
it
and<00:01:14.090> so<00:01:15.020> 15<00:01:15.679> years<00:01:15.710> actually<00:01:16.369> in<00:01:16.460> about<00:01:16.549> four
and so 15 years actually in about four
and so 15 years actually in about four
billion<00:01:17.149> dollars<00:01:17.570> later<00:01:17.810> the<00:01:18.020> genome<00:01:18.320> was
billion dollars later the genome was
billion dollars later the genome was
sequenced<00:01:18.469> and<00:01:18.950> published<00:01:19.340> in<00:01:19.490> 2003<00:01:20.240> the
sequenced and published in 2003 the
sequenced and published in 2003 the
final<00:01:20.899> version<00:01:21.409> was<00:01:21.530> published<00:01:21.710> and<00:01:22.009> they
final version was published and they
final version was published and they
keep<00:01:22.250> working<00:01:22.609> on<00:01:22.700> it<00:01:22.819> that<00:01:23.329> was<00:01:23.450> all<00:01:23.569> done<00:01:23.719> on
keep working on it that was all done on
keep working on it that was all done on
a<00:01:24.020> machine<00:01:24.350> it<00:01:24.469> looks<00:01:24.619> like<00:01:24.770> this<00:01:25.009> costs<00:01:25.429> about
a machine it looks like this costs about
a machine it looks like this costs about
a<00:01:25.670> dollar<00:01:25.729> for<00:01:26.299> each<00:01:26.390> base<00:01:26.719> very<00:01:27.079> slow<00:01:27.380> way<00:01:27.770> of
a dollar for each base very slow way of
a dollar for each base very slow way of
doing<00:01:28.189> it<00:01:28.340> well<00:01:28.520> folks<00:01:28.729> I'm<00:01:28.909> here<00:01:28.939> to<00:01:29.149> tell<00:01:29.360> you
doing it well folks I'm here to tell you
doing it well folks I'm here to tell you
that<00:01:30.170> the<00:01:30.380> world<00:01:30.679> has<00:01:30.979> completely<00:01:31.549> changed
that the world has completely changed
that the world has completely changed
and<00:01:32.450> none<00:01:32.659> of<00:01:32.780> you<00:01:32.899> know<00:01:33.079> about<00:01:33.110> it<00:01:33.380> so<00:01:34.329> now
and none of you know about it so now
and none of you know about it so now
what<00:01:35.630> we<00:01:35.750> do<00:01:35.899> is<00:01:35.929> we<00:01:36.229> take<00:01:36.439> a<00:01:36.500> genome<00:01:36.950> we<00:01:37.069> make
what we do is we take a genome we make
what we do is we take a genome we make
maybe<00:01:37.429> 50<00:01:37.850> copies<00:01:38.090> of<00:01:38.420> it<00:01:38.539> we<00:01:38.659> cut<00:01:38.899> all<00:01:39.170> those
maybe 50 copies of it we cut all those
maybe 50 copies of it we cut all those
copies<00:01:39.770> up<00:01:39.950> into<00:01:40.189> little<00:01:40.310> 50<00:01:40.789> base<00:01:41.030> reads<00:01:41.450> and
copies up into little 50 base reads and
copies up into little 50 base reads and
then<00:01:41.869> we<00:01:41.959> sequence<00:01:42.289> them<00:01:42.560> massively<00:01:43.039> parallel
then we sequence them massively parallel
then we sequence them massively parallel
and<00:01:43.670> then<00:01:44.090> we<00:01:44.179> bring<00:01:44.329> that<00:01:44.390> into<00:01:44.689> software<00:01:45.140> and
and then we bring that into software and
and then we bring that into software and
we<00:01:46.220> reassemble<00:01:46.729> it<00:01:46.939> and<00:01:46.970> we<00:01:47.149> tell<00:01:47.329> you<00:01:47.420> what
we reassemble it and we tell you what
we reassemble it and we tell you what
the<00:01:47.659> story<00:01:47.899> is<00:01:48.020> and<00:01:48.380> so<00:01:48.470> just<00:01:48.739> to<00:01:48.890> give<00:01:49.039> you<00:01:49.069> a
the story is and so just to give you a
the story is and so just to give you a
picture<00:01:49.369> of<00:01:49.610> what<00:01:49.909> this<00:01:50.060> looks<00:01:50.360> like<00:01:50.450> the
picture of what this looks like the
picture of what this looks like the
human<00:01:51.049> genome<00:01:51.259> project<00:01:51.380> 3<00:01:51.979> Giga<00:01:52.189> bases<00:01:52.399> right
human genome project 3 Giga bases right
human genome project 3 Giga bases right
one<00:01:53.689> run<00:01:53.959> on<00:01:53.989> one<00:01:54.259> of<00:01:54.349> these<00:01:54.469> modern<00:01:54.679> machines
one run on one of these modern machines
one run on one of these modern machines
200<00:01:55.789> Giga<00:01:55.939> bases<00:01:56.119> in<00:01:56.810> a<00:01:57.409> week<00:01:57.590> and<00:01:57.799> that<00:01:58.340> 200<00:01:58.789> is
200 Giga bases in a week and that 200 is
200 Giga bases in a week and that 200 is
going<00:01:59.000> to<00:01:59.060> change<00:01:59.209> to<00:01:59.329> 600<00:01:59.989> this<00:02:00.110> summer<00:02:00.349> and
going to change to 600 this summer and
going to change to 600 this summer and
there's<00:02:00.829> no<00:02:01.250> sign<00:02:01.549> of<00:02:01.579> this<00:02:01.939> pay<00:02:02.119> slowing<00:02:02.569> so
there's no sign of this pay slowing so
there's no sign of this pay slowing so
the<00:02:04.399> price<00:02:04.759> of<00:02:05.030> a<00:02:05.239> base<00:02:05.539> to<00:02:05.869> sequence<00:02:06.229> a<00:02:06.349> base
the price of a base to sequence a base
the price of a base to sequence a base
has<00:02:06.920> fallen<00:02:07.219> a<00:02:07.549> hundred<00:02:08.329> million<00:02:08.569> times
has fallen a hundred million times
has fallen a hundred million times
that's<00:02:09.709> the<00:02:09.950> equivalent<00:02:10.549> of<00:02:10.700> you<00:02:11.120> filling<00:02:11.480> up
that's the equivalent of you filling up
that's the equivalent of you filling up
your<00:02:11.599> car<00:02:11.750> with<00:02:12.140> gas<00:02:12.170> in<00:02:12.590> 1998<00:02:13.310> waiting<00:02:13.670> until
your car with gas in 1998 waiting until
your car with gas in 1998 waiting until
2011<00:02:14.720> and<00:02:14.840> now<00:02:14.930> you<00:02:14.989> can<00:02:15.170> drive<00:02:15.379> to<00:02:15.530> Jupiter
2011 and now you can drive to Jupiter
2011 and now you can drive to Jupiter
and<00:02:16.040> back<00:02:16.190> twice
world<00:02:22.040> population<00:02:23.560> PC<00:02:24.560> placements<00:02:25.189> the
world population PC placements the
world population PC placements the
archive<00:02:26.569> of<00:02:26.599> all<00:02:26.900> the<00:02:27.049> medical<00:02:27.409> literature
archive of all the medical literature
archive of all the medical literature
Moore's<00:02:29.120> law<00:02:29.709> the<00:02:30.709> old<00:02:30.890> way<00:02:31.069> of<00:02:31.219> sequencing
Moore's law the old way of sequencing
Moore's law the old way of sequencing
and<00:02:32.049> here's<00:02:33.049> all<00:02:33.230> the<00:02:33.349> new<00:02:33.500> stuff<00:02:33.739> guys<00:02:34.340> this
and here's all the new stuff guys this
and here's all the new stuff guys this
is<00:02:34.730> a<00:02:34.760> log<00:02:35.030> scale<00:02:35.060> you<00:02:35.689> don't<00:02:35.870> typically<00:02:36.260> see
is a log scale you don't typically see
is a log scale you don't typically see
lines<00:02:36.799> that<00:02:37.040> go<00:02:37.129> up<00:02:37.280> like<00:02:37.459> that<00:02:37.670> right<00:02:38.090> so<00:02:38.930> with
lines that go up like that right so with
lines that go up like that right so with
a<00:02:39.680> world<00:02:39.920> wide<00:02:40.129> capacity<00:02:41.000> to<00:02:41.180> sequence<00:02:41.540> human
a world wide capacity to sequence human
a world wide capacity to sequence human
genomes<00:02:41.870> is<00:02:42.290> something<00:02:42.620> like<00:02:42.709> fifty<00:02:43.159> to<00:02:43.280> a
genomes is something like fifty to a
genomes is something like fifty to a
hundred<00:02:43.400> thousand<00:02:44.060> human<00:02:44.299> genomes<00:02:44.629> this<00:02:44.810> year
hundred thousand human genomes this year
hundred thousand human genomes this year
and<00:02:45.560> we<00:02:45.680> know<00:02:45.799> this<00:02:45.950> based<00:02:46.189> on<00:02:46.340> the<00:02:46.459> machines
and we know this based on the machines
and we know this based on the machines
that<00:02:46.879> are<00:02:46.969> being<00:02:47.180> placed<00:02:47.480> this<00:02:48.139> is<00:02:48.319> expected
that are being placed this is expected
that are being placed this is expected
to<00:02:48.889> double<00:02:49.280> triple<00:02:49.519> or<00:02:49.730> maybe<00:02:49.939> quadruple
to double triple or maybe quadruple
to double triple or maybe quadruple
year-over-year<00:02:50.989> for<00:02:51.500> the<00:02:51.590> foreseeable
year-over-year for the foreseeable
year-over-year for the foreseeable
future<00:02:52.099> in<00:02:52.579> fact<00:02:53.329> there's<00:02:53.569> one<00:02:53.629> lab<00:02:54.109> in
future in fact there's one lab in
future in fact there's one lab in
particular<00:02:54.950> that<00:02:55.189> represents<00:02:55.700> twenty
particular that represents twenty
particular that represents twenty
percent<00:02:56.629> of<00:02:56.780> all<00:02:56.930> that<00:02:57.169> capacity<00:02:57.769> it's<00:02:58.040> called
percent of all that capacity it's called
percent of all that capacity it's called
the<00:02:58.519> Beijing<00:02:59.030> genomics<00:02:59.359> Institute<00:02:59.829> the
the Beijing genomics Institute the
the Beijing genomics Institute the
Chinese<00:03:01.189> are<00:03:01.340> absolutely<00:03:01.849> winning<00:03:02.269> this<00:03:02.389> race
Chinese are absolutely winning this race
Chinese are absolutely winning this race
to<00:03:02.900> the<00:03:02.989> new<00:03:03.109> moon<00:03:03.290> by<00:03:03.769> the<00:03:03.829> way<00:03:04.069> what<00:03:04.489> does<00:03:04.579> it
to the new moon by the way what does it
to the new moon by the way what does it
mean<00:03:04.849> for<00:03:05.030> medicine<00:03:06.010> so<00:03:07.010> woman<00:03:07.400> aged<00:03:07.819> thirty
mean for medicine so woman aged thirty
mean for medicine so woman aged thirty
seven<00:03:08.599> she<00:03:08.870> presents<00:03:09.769> with<00:03:10.010> stage<00:03:10.340> two
seven she presents with stage two
seven she presents with stage two
estrogen<00:03:11.180> receptor-positive<00:03:11.569> breast<00:03:11.689> cancer
estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
she<00:03:13.069> is<00:03:13.310> treated<00:03:13.700> with<00:03:13.730> surgery<00:03:14.030> chemotherapy
she is treated with surgery chemotherapy
she is treated with surgery chemotherapy
and<00:03:15.049> radiation<00:03:15.260> she<00:03:16.159> goes<00:03:16.310> home<00:03:16.549> two<00:03:17.299> years
and radiation she goes home two years
and radiation she goes home two years
later<00:03:17.659> she<00:03:17.750> comes<00:03:17.989> back<00:03:18.260> with<00:03:18.530> stage<00:03:18.859> 3c
later she comes back with stage 3c
later she comes back with stage 3c
ovarian<00:03:20.180> cancer<00:03:20.629> unfortunately<00:03:20.870> treated
ovarian cancer unfortunately treated
ovarian cancer unfortunately treated
again<00:03:22.099> with<00:03:22.250> surgery<00:03:22.609> and<00:03:22.639> chemotherapy
again with surgery and chemotherapy
again with surgery and chemotherapy
comes<00:03:24.229> back<00:03:24.440> three<00:03:24.650> years<00:03:24.680> later<00:03:25.010> at<00:03:25.159> age<00:03:25.250> 42
comes back three years later at age 42
comes back three years later at age 42
with<00:03:26.479> more<00:03:26.690> ovarian<00:03:27.199> cancer<00:03:27.560> more
with more ovarian cancer more
with more ovarian cancer more
chemotherapy<00:03:28.190> six<00:03:28.970> months<00:03:29.209> later<00:03:29.389> she<00:03:30.250> comes
chemotherapy six months later she comes
chemotherapy six months later she comes
back<00:03:31.459> with<00:03:31.729> acute<00:03:32.180> myeloid<00:03:32.569> leukemia<00:03:34.209> she
back with acute myeloid leukemia she
back with acute myeloid leukemia she
goes<00:03:35.449> into<00:03:35.689> respiratory<00:03:35.870> failure<00:03:36.470> and<00:03:36.709> dies
goes into respiratory failure and dies
goes into respiratory failure and dies
eight<00:03:37.159> days<00:03:37.340> later<00:03:37.699> so<00:03:38.209> first<00:03:38.540> the<00:03:38.810> way<00:03:38.989> in
eight days later so first the way in
eight days later so first the way in
which<00:03:39.290> this<00:03:39.439> woman<00:03:39.739> was<00:03:39.829> treated<00:03:40.040> in<00:03:40.310> as
which this woman was treated in as
which this woman was treated in as
little<00:03:40.579> as<00:03:40.760> ten<00:03:41.000> years<00:03:41.239> will<00:03:41.419> look<00:03:41.659> like
little as ten years will look like
little as ten years will look like
bloodletting<00:03:42.709> and<00:03:43.060> it's<00:03:44.060> because<00:03:44.389> of<00:03:44.659> people
bloodletting and it's because of people
bloodletting and it's because of people
like<00:03:45.139> my<00:03:45.409> colleague<00:03:45.829> Rick<00:03:45.979> Wilson<00:03:46.189> at<00:03:46.549> the
like my colleague Rick Wilson at the
like my colleague Rick Wilson at the
genome<00:03:47.030> Institute<00:03:47.180> at<00:03:47.629> Washington
genome Institute at Washington
genome Institute at Washington
University<00:03:48.349> who<00:03:49.040> decided<00:03:49.430> to<00:03:49.579> take<00:03:49.639> a<00:03:49.819> look<00:03:50.030> at
University who decided to take a look at
University who decided to take a look at
this<00:03:50.209> woman<00:03:50.359> postmortem<00:03:50.870> any<00:03:51.169> sequenced<00:03:51.620> he
this woman postmortem any sequenced he
this woman postmortem any sequenced he
took<00:03:52.040> skin<00:03:52.489> cells<00:03:52.519> healthy<00:03:53.000> skin<00:03:53.329> and
took skin cells healthy skin and
took skin cells healthy skin and
cancerous<00:03:54.650> bone<00:03:55.400> marrow<00:03:55.699> and<00:03:55.939> he<00:03:56.000> sequenced
cancerous bone marrow and he sequenced
cancerous bone marrow and he sequenced
the<00:03:56.509> whole<00:03:56.689> genomes<00:03:57.049> of<00:03:57.169> both<00:03:57.319> of<00:03:57.470> them<00:03:57.560> right
the whole genomes of both of them right
the whole genomes of both of them right
in<00:03:58.400> a<00:03:58.609> couple<00:03:58.970> weeks<00:03:59.060> no<00:03:59.299> big<00:03:59.449> deal<00:03:59.629> right<00:03:59.930> and
in a couple weeks no big deal right and
in a couple weeks no big deal right and
then<00:04:00.620> he<00:04:00.680> compared<00:04:01.069> those<00:04:01.220> two<00:04:01.459> genomes<00:04:01.790> and
then he compared those two genomes and
then he compared those two genomes and
software<00:04:02.389> and<00:04:02.569> what<00:04:02.720> he<00:04:02.810> found<00:04:03.019> among<00:04:03.739> other
software and what he found among other
software and what he found among other
things<00:04:03.979> was<00:04:04.370> a<00:04:04.400> deletion<00:04:04.759> a<00:04:05.000> 2,000<00:04:05.720> base
things was a deletion a 2,000 base
things was a deletion a 2,000 base
deletion<00:04:06.500> across<00:04:06.979> three<00:04:07.250> billion<00:04:07.519> bases
deletion across three billion bases
deletion across three billion bases
right<00:04:08.229> in<00:04:09.229> a<00:04:09.319> particular<00:04:09.769> gene<00:04:09.919> called<00:04:10.129> tp53
right in a particular gene called tp53
right in a particular gene called tp53
if<00:04:11.209> you<00:04:11.540> have<00:04:11.750> this<00:04:11.959> deleterious<00:04:12.379> mutation<00:04:13.040> in
if you have this deleterious mutation in
if you have this deleterious mutation in
this<00:04:13.220> gene<00:04:13.280> you're<00:04:13.639> 90%<00:04:13.970> likely<00:04:14.359> to<00:04:14.750> get
this gene you're 90% likely to get
this gene you're 90% likely to get
cancer<00:04:15.259> in<00:04:15.349> your<00:04:15.439> life<00:04:15.669> so<00:04:16.669> unfortunately
cancer in your life so unfortunately
cancer in your life so unfortunately
this<00:04:17.479> doesn't<00:04:17.690> help<00:04:17.840> this<00:04:17.989> woman<00:04:18.199> but<00:04:18.680> it<00:04:18.829> does
this doesn't help this woman but it does
this doesn't help this woman but it does
have<00:04:19.310> severe<00:04:19.940> a<00:04:19.970> profound<00:04:20.479> if<00:04:20.690> you<00:04:20.810> will
have severe a profound if you will
have severe a profound if you will
implications<00:04:22.099> to<00:04:22.310> her<00:04:22.520> family<00:04:23.060> right<00:04:23.449> I<00:04:23.750> mean
implications to her family right I mean
implications to her family right I mean
if<00:04:24.560> they<00:04:24.710> have<00:04:24.889> the<00:04:25.009> same<00:04:25.190> mutation<00:04:25.370> and<00:04:25.940> they
if they have the same mutation and they
if they have the same mutation and they
get<00:04:26.270> this<00:04:26.419> genetic<00:04:26.779> test<00:04:26.810> and<00:04:27.260> they
get this genetic test and they
get this genetic test and they
understand<00:04:27.800> it<00:04:28.010> then<00:04:28.400> they<00:04:28.550> can<00:04:28.580> go<00:04:28.849> and<00:04:29.000> get
understand it then they can go and get
understand it then they can go and get
regular<00:04:29.270> screens<00:04:29.810> and<00:04:30.200> they<00:04:30.469> can<00:04:30.620> catch
regular screens and they can catch
regular screens and they can catch
cancer<00:04:31.039> early<00:04:31.430> and
cancer early and
cancer early and
significantly<00:04:32.670> longer<00:04:32.940> life<00:04:33.120> let<00:04:33.900> me
significantly longer life let me
significantly longer life let me
introduce<00:04:34.140> you<00:04:34.350> now<00:04:34.530> to<00:04:34.590> the<00:04:34.800> beery<00:04:35.100> twins
introduce you now to the beery twins
introduce you now to the beery twins
diagnosed<00:04:36.030> with<00:04:36.210> cerebral<00:04:36.390> palsy<00:04:36.690> at<00:04:36.960> the<00:04:37.050> age
diagnosed with cerebral palsy at the age
diagnosed with cerebral palsy at the age
of<00:04:37.290> two<00:04:37.590> their<00:04:38.280> mom<00:04:38.520> is<00:04:38.730> a<00:04:38.760> very<00:04:38.970> brave<00:04:39.180> woman
of two their mom is a very brave woman
of two their mom is a very brave woman
who<00:04:39.540> didn't<00:04:39.780> believe<00:04:40.020> it<00:04:40.140> the<00:04:40.230> symptoms
who didn't believe it the symptoms
who didn't believe it the symptoms
weren't<00:04:40.860> matching<00:04:40.980> up<00:04:41.310> and<00:04:41.490> through<00:04:41.850> some
weren't matching up and through some
weren't matching up and through some
heroic<00:04:42.510> efforts<00:04:42.840> and<00:04:42.990> a<00:04:43.020> lot<00:04:43.170> of<00:04:43.200> internet
heroic efforts and a lot of internet
heroic efforts and a lot of internet
searching<00:04:43.980> she<00:04:44.220> was<00:04:44.400> able<00:04:44.610> to<00:04:44.790> convince<00:04:45.660> the
searching she was able to convince the
searching she was able to convince the
medical<00:04:46.080> community<00:04:46.650> that<00:04:46.680> in<00:04:46.860> fact<00:04:47.040> they<00:04:47.190> had
medical community that in fact they had
medical community that in fact they had
something<00:04:47.550> else<00:04:47.820> what<00:04:48.780> they<00:04:48.900> had<00:04:49.110> was<00:04:49.410> dopa
something else what they had was dopa
something else what they had was dopa
responsive<00:04:51.120> dystonia<00:04:51.600> and<00:04:51.840> so<00:04:52.020> they<00:04:52.170> were
responsive dystonia and so they were
responsive dystonia and so they were
given<00:04:52.590> l-dopa<00:04:53.090> and<00:04:54.090> their<00:04:54.900> symptoms<00:04:55.350> did
given l-dopa and their symptoms did
given l-dopa and their symptoms did
improve<00:04:55.950> but<00:04:56.310> they<00:04:56.430> weren't<00:04:56.580> totally
improve but they weren't totally
improve but they weren't totally
asymptomatic<00:04:57.260> significant<00:04:58.260> problems
asymptomatic significant problems
asymptomatic significant problems
remained<00:04:58.950> turns<00:04:59.580> out<00:04:59.730> the<00:04:59.850> gentleman<00:05:00.300> in<00:05:00.390> this
remained turns out the gentleman in this
remained turns out the gentleman in this
picture<00:05:00.810> is<00:05:00.960> a<00:05:00.990> guy<00:05:01.200> named<00:05:01.410> Joe<00:05:01.560> Barry<00:05:01.830> who<00:05:02.040> was
picture is a guy named Joe Barry who was
picture is a guy named Joe Barry who was
lucky<00:05:02.370> enough<00:05:02.520> to<00:05:02.730> be<00:05:02.880> the<00:05:03.120> CIO<00:05:03.600> of<00:05:03.750> a<00:05:03.990> company
lucky enough to be the CIO of a company
lucky enough to be the CIO of a company
called<00:05:04.470> Life<00:05:04.770> Technologies<00:05:05.630> they're<00:05:06.630> one<00:05:06.810> of
called Life Technologies they're one of
called Life Technologies they're one of
the<00:05:06.960> two<00:05:07.140> companies<00:05:07.650> that<00:05:07.680> makes<00:05:08.130> these
the two companies that makes these
the two companies that makes these
massive<00:05:08.880> whole<00:05:09.060> genome<00:05:09.420> sequencing<00:05:10.020> tools
massive whole genome sequencing tools
massive whole genome sequencing tools
and<00:05:11.160> so<00:05:11.250> what<00:05:11.400> he<00:05:11.520> did<00:05:11.790> was<00:05:12.540> he<00:05:12.780> got<00:05:12.930> his<00:05:13.110> kids
and so what he did was he got his kids
and so what he did was he got his kids
sequenced<00:05:13.830> and<00:05:14.130> what<00:05:14.280> they<00:05:14.400> found<00:05:14.580> was<00:05:14.760> a
sequenced and what they found was a
sequenced and what they found was a
series<00:05:15.150> of<00:05:15.240> mutations<00:05:15.360> in<00:05:15.780> a<00:05:15.870> gene<00:05:15.900> called<00:05:16.320> SPR
series of mutations in a gene called SPR
series of mutations in a gene called SPR
which<00:05:17.130> is<00:05:17.250> responsible<00:05:17.910> for<00:05:17.940> producing
which is responsible for producing
which is responsible for producing
serotonin<00:05:18.630> among<00:05:19.440> other<00:05:19.590> things<00:05:19.860> so<00:05:20.670> on<00:05:20.910> top
serotonin among other things so on top
serotonin among other things so on top
of<00:05:21.240> l-dopa<00:05:21.660> that<00:05:21.990> gave<00:05:22.140> these<00:05:22.320> kids<00:05:22.350> a
of l-dopa that gave these kids a
of l-dopa that gave these kids a
serotonin<00:05:23.160> precursor<00:05:23.760> drug<00:05:24.000> and<00:05:24.210> they're
serotonin precursor drug and they're
serotonin precursor drug and they're
effectively<00:05:24.780> normal<00:05:25.200> now<00:05:25.320> guys<00:05:25.860> this<00:05:26.070> would
effectively normal now guys this would
effectively normal now guys this would
never<00:05:26.580> have<00:05:26.760> happened<00:05:26.940> without<00:05:27.240> whole<00:05:27.570> genome
never have happened without whole genome
never have happened without whole genome
sequencing<00:05:28.380> and<00:05:28.470> at<00:05:28.800> the<00:05:28.950> time<00:05:29.160> this<00:05:29.280> was<00:05:29.430> a
sequencing and at the time this was a
sequencing and at the time this was a
few<00:05:29.610> years<00:05:29.670> ago<00:05:29.910> it<00:05:30.090> cost<00:05:30.240> a<00:05:30.360> hundred<00:05:30.630> thousand
few years ago it cost a hundred thousand
few years ago it cost a hundred thousand
today<00:05:31.440> it's<00:05:31.680> ten<00:05:31.860> thousand<00:05:32.280> next<00:05:32.520> year<00:05:32.640> at
today it's ten thousand next year at
today it's ten thousand next year at
2000<00:05:33.240> the<00:05:33.420> year<00:05:33.510> after<00:05:33.690> it's<00:05:33.960> a<00:05:33.990> hundred<00:05:34.350> give
2000 the year after it's a hundred give
2000 the year after it's a hundred give
or<00:05:34.770> take<00:05:34.920> a<00:05:34.980> year<00:05:35.070> that's<00:05:35.790> how<00:05:35.940> fast<00:05:36.150> this<00:05:36.300> is
or take a year that's how fast this is
or take a year that's how fast this is
moving<00:05:36.600> so<00:05:37.410> here's<00:05:37.680> little<00:05:38.010> Nick<00:05:38.480> likes
moving so here's little Nick likes
moving so here's little Nick likes
Batman<00:05:39.900> and<00:05:40.170> squirt<00:05:40.410> guns<00:05:40.560> and<00:05:41.990> turns<00:05:42.990> out
Batman and squirt guns and turns out
Batman and squirt guns and turns out
Nick<00:05:43.350> shows<00:05:43.560> up<00:05:43.800> at<00:05:43.980> the<00:05:44.100> Children's<00:05:44.460> Hospital
Nick shows up at the Children's Hospital
Nick shows up at the Children's Hospital
with<00:05:44.970> this<00:05:45.090> distended<00:05:45.600> belly<00:05:45.810> like<00:05:46.050> a<00:05:46.080> famine
with this distended belly like a famine
with this distended belly like a famine
victim<00:05:46.800> and<00:05:46.920> it's<00:05:47.040> not<00:05:47.190> that<00:05:47.310> he's<00:05:47.430> not<00:05:47.460> eating
victim and it's not that he's not eating
victim and it's not that he's not eating
it's<00:05:48.570> that<00:05:48.750> when<00:05:48.960> he<00:05:49.050> eats<00:05:49.290> his<00:05:49.440> intestine
it's that when he eats his intestine
it's that when he eats his intestine
basically<00:05:50.340> opens<00:05:50.760> up<00:05:50.940> and<00:05:51.150> feces<00:05:51.510> spill<00:05:51.810> out
basically opens up and feces spill out
basically opens up and feces spill out
into<00:05:51.990> his<00:05:52.410> gut<00:05:52.620> so<00:05:53.460> a<00:05:53.490> hundred<00:05:53.790> surgeries
into his gut so a hundred surgeries
into his gut so a hundred surgeries
later<00:05:54.690> right<00:05:55.170> he<00:05:55.350> looks<00:05:55.470> at<00:05:55.650> his<00:05:55.740> mom<00:05:55.920> and<00:05:56.100> says
later right he looks at his mom and says
later right he looks at his mom and says
mom<00:05:56.990> please<00:05:57.990> pray<00:05:58.230> for<00:05:58.260> me<00:05:58.590> I'm<00:05:58.680> in<00:05:58.710> so<00:05:58.980> much
mom please pray for me I'm in so much
mom please pray for me I'm in so much
pain<00:05:59.630> his<00:06:00.630> pediatrician<00:06:01.100> happens<00:06:02.100> to<00:06:02.220> have<00:06:02.310> a
pain his pediatrician happens to have a
pain his pediatrician happens to have a
background<00:06:02.610> in<00:06:02.850> clinical<00:06:02.970> genetics<00:06:03.540> and<00:06:03.690> he
background in clinical genetics and he
background in clinical genetics and he
has<00:06:03.900> no<00:06:04.080> idea<00:06:04.620> what's<00:06:04.890> going<00:06:05.160> on<00:06:05.280> but<00:06:05.430> he<00:06:05.490> says
has no idea what's going on but he says
has no idea what's going on but he says
let's<00:06:05.850> get<00:06:06.000> this<00:06:06.150> kid's<00:06:06.360> genome<00:06:06.690> sequence<00:06:07.050> and
let's get this kid's genome sequence and
let's get this kid's genome sequence and
what<00:06:07.290> they<00:06:07.410> find<00:06:07.590> is<00:06:07.860> a<00:06:08.190> single<00:06:08.370> point
what they find is a single point
what they find is a single point
mutation<00:06:09.030> in<00:06:09.540> a<00:06:09.600> gene<00:06:09.630> responsible<00:06:10.380> for
mutation in a gene responsible for
mutation in a gene responsible for
controlling<00:06:11.070> programmed<00:06:11.790> cell<00:06:12.000> death<00:06:12.060> so<00:06:12.870> the
controlling programmed cell death so the
controlling programmed cell death so the
theory<00:06:13.350> is<00:06:13.380> that<00:06:13.500> he's<00:06:13.950> having<00:06:14.220> some
theory is that he's having some
theory is that he's having some
immunological<00:06:14.820> reaction<00:06:15.300> to<00:06:16.170> what's<00:06:16.350> going
immunological reaction to what's going
immunological reaction to what's going
on<00:06:16.770> -<00:06:17.070> the<00:06:17.160> food<00:06:17.370> essentially<00:06:17.970> right<00:06:18.150> and
on - the food essentially right and
on - the food essentially right and
that's<00:06:18.780> a<00:06:19.020> natural<00:06:19.350> reaction<00:06:19.680> which<00:06:20.070> causes
that's a natural reaction which causes
that's a natural reaction which causes
some<00:06:20.610> programmed<00:06:21.090> cell<00:06:21.240> death<00:06:21.300> but<00:06:21.630> the<00:06:21.720> gene
some programmed cell death but the gene
some programmed cell death but the gene
that<00:06:22.080> regulates<00:06:22.350> that<00:06:22.590> down<00:06:22.920> is<00:06:23.130> broken<00:06:23.400> and
that regulates that down is broken and
that regulates that down is broken and
so<00:06:24.360> this<00:06:24.540> informs<00:06:24.990> among<00:06:25.170> other<00:06:25.320> things<00:06:25.590> of
so this informs among other things of
so this informs among other things of
course<00:06:25.740> a<00:06:25.980> treatment<00:06:26.280> for<00:06:26.460> bone<00:06:26.670> marrow
course a treatment for bone marrow
course a treatment for bone marrow
transplant<00:06:27.690> which<00:06:28.200> he<00:06:28.410> undertakes<00:06:29.010> and<00:06:29.310> after
transplant which he undertakes and after
transplant which he undertakes and after
nine<00:06:29.700> months<00:06:29.880> of<00:06:30.090> grueling<00:06:30.330> recovery<00:06:30.870> he's
nine months of grueling recovery he's
nine months of grueling recovery he's
now<00:06:31.650> eating<00:06:31.860> steak<00:06:32.190> with<00:06:32.490> a1<00:06:32.880> sauce<00:06:33.830> the
now eating steak with a1 sauce the
now eating steak with a1 sauce the
prospect<00:06:35.400> of<00:06:35.580> using<00:06:36.450> the<00:06:36.870> genome<00:06:37.260> as<00:06:37.440> a
prospect of using the genome as a
prospect of using the genome as a
universal<00:06:38.220> diagnostic<00:06:38.880> is<00:06:39.000> upon<00:06:39.360> us<00:06:39.390> today
universal diagnostic is upon us today
universal diagnostic is upon us today
today<00:06:41.910> it's<00:06:42.270> here<00:06:42.660> and<00:06:42.840> what<00:06:43.410> it<00:06:43.500> means<00:06:43.620> for
today it's here and what it means for
today it's here and what it means for
all<00:06:43.980> of<00:06:44.010> us<00:06:44.310> is<00:06:44.610> that<00:06:44.850> everybody<00:06:45.360> in<00:06:45.510> this<00:06:45.600> room
all of us is that everybody in this room
all of us is that everybody in this room
could
could
could
live<00:06:46.199> in<00:06:46.319> extra<00:06:46.590> 5<00:06:46.830> 10<00:06:47.250> 20<00:06:47.639> years<00:06:47.819> just<00:06:47.909> because
live in extra 5 10 20 years just because
live in extra 5 10 20 years just because
of<00:06:48.509> this<00:06:48.659> one<00:06:48.720> thing<00:06:49.199> which<00:06:49.770> is<00:06:49.919> a<00:06:49.949> fantastic
of this one thing which is a fantastic
of this one thing which is a fantastic
story<00:06:51.139> unless<00:06:52.139> you<00:06:52.470> think<00:06:52.740> about<00:06:53.009> humanity's
story unless you think about humanity's
story unless you think about humanity's
footprint<00:06:54.030> on<00:06:54.180> the<00:06:54.300> planet<00:06:54.659> and<00:06:54.750> our<00:06:54.900> ability
footprint on the planet and our ability
footprint on the planet and our ability
to<00:06:55.319> keep<00:06:55.560> up<00:06:55.620> food<00:06:56.400> production<00:06:57.000> so<00:06:57.330> it<00:06:57.539> turns
to keep up food production so it turns
to keep up food production so it turns
out<00:06:58.050> that<00:06:58.889> the<00:06:59.009> very<00:06:59.220> same<00:06:59.370> technology<00:06:59.639> is
out that the very same technology is
out that the very same technology is
also<00:07:00.360> being<00:07:00.539> used<00:07:00.629> to<00:07:01.050> grow<00:07:01.919> new<00:07:02.310> lines<00:07:02.580> of
also being used to grow new lines of
also being used to grow new lines of
corn<00:07:03.090> wheat<00:07:03.539> soybean<00:07:04.289> and<00:07:04.500> other<00:07:04.740> crops<00:07:05.310> that
corn wheat soybean and other crops that
corn wheat soybean and other crops that
are<00:07:06.030> highly<00:07:06.360> tolerant<00:07:06.599> of<00:07:06.870> drought<00:07:07.169> a<00:07:07.199> flood
are highly tolerant of drought a flood
are highly tolerant of drought a flood
of<00:07:07.740> paths<00:07:08.250> and<00:07:08.460> pesticides<00:07:08.940> now<00:07:09.690> look<00:07:09.930> as<00:07:10.610> long
of paths and pesticides now look as long
of paths and pesticides now look as long
as<00:07:11.669> we<00:07:11.909> continue<00:07:12.060> to<00:07:12.300> increase<00:07:12.449> the
as we continue to increase the
as we continue to increase the
population<00:07:13.080> we're<00:07:13.319> going<00:07:13.440> to<00:07:13.500> have<00:07:13.680> to
population we're going to have to
population we're going to have to
continue<00:07:14.069> to<00:07:14.310> grow<00:07:14.430> and<00:07:14.639> eat<00:07:14.729> genetically
continue to grow and eat genetically
continue to grow and eat genetically
modified<00:07:15.569> foods<00:07:15.870> and<00:07:16.169> that's<00:07:16.379> the<00:07:16.530> only
modified foods and that's the only
modified foods and that's the only
position<00:07:17.220> that<00:07:17.520> I'll<00:07:17.699> take<00:07:17.940> today<00:07:18.240> unless
position that I'll take today unless
position that I'll take today unless
there's<00:07:19.169> anybody<00:07:19.349> in<00:07:19.560> the<00:07:19.650> audience<00:07:19.770> that
there's anybody in the audience that
there's anybody in the audience that
would<00:07:20.310> like<00:07:20.490> to<00:07:20.610> volunteer<00:07:20.729> to<00:07:21.090> stop<00:07:21.270> eating
would like to volunteer to stop eating
would like to volunteer to stop eating
none<00:07:23.370> not<00:07:24.060> one<00:07:24.240> this<00:07:25.199> is<00:07:25.349> a<00:07:25.379> typewriter<00:07:25.770> a
none not one this is a typewriter a
none not one this is a typewriter a
staple<00:07:27.270> of<00:07:27.360> every<00:07:27.509> desktop<00:07:27.930> for<00:07:28.319> decades
staple of every desktop for decades
staple of every desktop for decades
right<00:07:29.190> and<00:07:29.639> in<00:07:29.940> fact<00:07:29.969> the<00:07:30.360> typewriter<00:07:30.750> was
right and in fact the typewriter was
right and in fact the typewriter was
essentially<00:07:31.500> deleted<00:07:31.949> by<00:07:32.069> this<00:07:32.129> thing<00:07:32.520> and
essentially deleted by this thing and
essentially deleted by this thing and
then<00:07:33.870> more<00:07:34.050> general<00:07:34.409> versions<00:07:34.800> of<00:07:34.919> word
then more general versions of word
then more general versions of word
processors<00:07:35.699> came<00:07:35.909> about<00:07:36.210> but<00:07:37.050> ultimately<00:07:37.500> it
processors came about but ultimately it
processors came about but ultimately it
was<00:07:37.680> a<00:07:37.830> disruption<00:07:38.250> on<00:07:38.520> top<00:07:38.819> of<00:07:39.030> a<00:07:39.090> disruption
was a disruption on top of a disruption
was a disruption on top of a disruption
it<00:07:39.719> was<00:07:39.810> Bob<00:07:39.990> Metcalfe<00:07:40.229> inventing<00:07:40.949> the
it was Bob Metcalfe inventing the
it was Bob Metcalfe inventing the
ethernet<00:07:41.490> and<00:07:41.580> the<00:07:41.669> connection<00:07:42.150> of<00:07:42.270> all<00:07:42.389> these
ethernet and the connection of all these
ethernet and the connection of all these
computers<00:07:43.050> that<00:07:43.650> fundamentally<00:07:44.460> changed
computers that fundamentally changed
computers that fundamentally changed
everything<00:07:45.360> right<00:07:45.599> and<00:07:45.780> suddenly<00:07:45.960> we<00:07:46.259> had
everything right and suddenly we had
everything right and suddenly we had
Netscape<00:07:46.889> and<00:07:47.099> we<00:07:47.250> had<00:07:47.460> Yahoo<00:07:47.729> and<00:07:48.180> we<00:07:48.960> had
Netscape and we had Yahoo and we had
Netscape and we had Yahoo and we had
indeed<00:07:49.860> the<00:07:49.979> entire<00:07:50.069> com<00:07:50.909> bubble
not<00:07:55.180> to<00:07:55.419> worry<00:07:55.629> though<00:07:55.870> that<00:07:56.110> was<00:07:56.289> quickly
not to worry though that was quickly
not to worry though that was quickly
rescued<00:07:57.099> by<00:07:57.250> the<00:07:57.310> iPod<00:07:57.819> and<00:07:57.849> Facebook<00:07:58.569> and
rescued by the iPod and Facebook and
rescued by the iPod and Facebook and
indeed<00:07:59.229> Angry<00:07:59.860> Birds<00:08:02.490> look<00:08:03.689> this<00:08:04.689> is<00:08:04.900> where<00:08:05.110> we
indeed Angry Birds look this is where we
indeed Angry Birds look this is where we
are<00:08:05.289> today<00:08:05.409> this<00:08:05.889> is<00:08:06.069> the<00:08:06.099> genomic<00:08:06.580> revolution
are today this is the genomic revolution
are today this is the genomic revolution
today<00:08:07.270> this<00:08:07.689> is<00:08:07.780> where<00:08:07.900> we<00:08:08.020> are<00:08:08.050> okay<00:08:08.469> so<00:08:08.530> what
today this is where we are okay so what
today this is where we are okay so what
I'd<00:08:09.400> like<00:08:09.490> for<00:08:09.610> you<00:08:09.699> to<00:08:09.729> consider<00:08:09.969> is<00:08:10.150> what
I'd like for you to consider is what
I'd like for you to consider is what
does<00:08:10.539> it<00:08:10.629> mean<00:08:10.840> when<00:08:11.289> these<00:08:12.099> dots<00:08:12.550> don't
does it mean when these dots don't
does it mean when these dots don't
represent<00:08:13.180> the<00:08:13.360> individual<00:08:13.810> basis<00:08:14.199> of<00:08:14.289> your
represent the individual basis of your
represent the individual basis of your
genome<00:08:14.770> but<00:08:14.979> the<00:08:15.069> connected<00:08:15.699> genomes<00:08:16.150> all
genome but the connected genomes all
genome but the connected genomes all
across<00:08:16.689> the<00:08:16.930> planet<00:08:17.050> so<00:08:17.979> I<00:08:18.009> just<00:08:18.310> recently<00:08:18.520> had
across the planet so I just recently had
across the planet so I just recently had
to<00:08:18.939> buy<00:08:19.060> life<00:08:19.270> insurance<00:08:19.419> and<00:08:19.780> I<00:08:19.870> was<00:08:20.020> required
to buy life insurance and I was required
to buy life insurance and I was required
to<00:08:20.830> answer<00:08:20.979> a<00:08:21.310> I<00:08:21.699> have<00:08:22.330> never<00:08:22.719> had<00:08:22.930> a<00:08:22.960> genetic
to answer a I have never had a genetic
to answer a I have never had a genetic
test<00:08:23.500> B<00:08:23.800> I've<00:08:24.039> had<00:08:24.340> one<00:08:24.520> here<00:08:24.729> you<00:08:24.819> go<00:08:24.969> and<00:08:25.180> see
test B I've had one here you go and see
test B I've had one here you go and see
I've<00:08:25.569> had<00:08:25.719> one<00:08:25.900> and<00:08:26.020> I'm<00:08:26.139> not<00:08:26.169> telling
I've had one and I'm not telling
I've had one and I'm not telling
thankfully<00:08:27.400> I<00:08:27.460> was<00:08:27.490> able<00:08:27.610> to<00:08:27.789> answer<00:08:28.090> a<00:08:28.300> and<00:08:28.569> I
thankfully I was able to answer a and I
thankfully I was able to answer a and I
say<00:08:28.810> that<00:08:28.990> honestly<00:08:29.319> in<00:08:29.500> case<00:08:29.680> my<00:08:29.919> life
say that honestly in case my life
say that honestly in case my life
insurance<00:08:30.909> agent<00:08:31.210> is<00:08:31.300> listening<00:08:31.780> but<00:08:32.769> what
insurance agent is listening but what
insurance agent is listening but what
would<00:08:33.099> have<00:08:33.190> happened<00:08:33.519> if<00:08:33.579> I<00:08:33.669> had<00:08:33.760> said<00:08:33.940> C
would have happened if I had said C
would have happened if I had said C
consumer<00:08:35.380> applications<00:08:35.979> for<00:08:36.130> genomics<00:08:36.519> they
consumer applications for genomics they
consumer applications for genomics they
will<00:08:36.789> flourish<00:08:37.089> you<00:08:37.300> want<00:08:37.450> to<00:08:37.510> see<00:08:37.630> whether
will flourish you want to see whether
will flourish you want to see whether
your<00:08:37.899> genetically<00:08:38.229> compatible<00:08:38.440> with<00:08:38.950> your
your genetically compatible with your
your genetically compatible with your
girlfriend
girlfriend
girlfriend
sure<00:08:40.659> DNA<00:08:41.289> sequencing<00:08:41.860> on<00:08:41.979> your<00:08:42.099> iPhone
sure DNA sequencing on your iPhone
sure DNA sequencing on your iPhone
there's<00:08:42.700> an<00:08:42.820> app<00:08:42.909> for<00:08:42.940> that
personalized<00:08:46.329> genomic<00:08:46.810> massage<00:08:47.110> anyone
personalized genomic massage anyone
personalized genomic massage anyone
there's<00:08:49.329> already<00:08:49.540> a<00:08:49.690> lab<00:08:49.870> today<00:08:50.140> that<00:08:50.350> tests
there's already a lab today that tests
there's already a lab today that tests
for<00:08:50.709> allele<00:08:51.279> 334<00:08:52.120> of<00:08:52.329> the<00:08:52.420> AVP<00:08:52.779> r1<00:08:53.260> gene<00:08:53.500> the<00:08:53.829> so
for allele 334 of the AVP r1 gene the so
for allele 334 of the AVP r1 gene the so
called<00:08:54.220> cheating<00:08:54.430> gene<00:08:54.670> so<00:08:54.880> anybody<00:08:55.480> who's
called cheating gene so anybody who's
called cheating gene so anybody who's
who's<00:08:57.430> here<00:08:57.640> today<00:08:57.970> with<00:08:58.360> your<00:08:58.510> significant
who's here today with your significant
who's here today with your significant
other<00:08:59.110> just<00:08:59.410> turn<00:08:59.829> over<00:08:59.860> to<00:09:00.279> them<00:09:00.430> and<00:09:00.459> swab
other just turn over to them and swab
other just turn over to them and swab
their<00:09:01.120> mouth<00:09:01.300> sent<00:09:01.600> it<00:09:01.690> to<00:09:01.779> the<00:09:01.870> lab<00:09:01.899> and
their mouth sent it to the lab and
their mouth sent it to the lab and
you'll<00:09:02.320> know<00:09:02.440> for<00:09:02.649> sure
you'll know for sure
you'll know for sure
do<00:09:05.290> you<00:09:05.380> really<00:09:05.740> want<00:09:06.160> to<00:09:06.280> elect<00:09:06.520> a<00:09:06.640> president
do you really want to elect a president
do you really want to elect a president
whose<00:09:07.210> genome<00:09:07.570> suggests<00:09:07.990> cardiomyopathy<00:09:08.890> now
whose genome suggests cardiomyopathy now
whose genome suggests cardiomyopathy now
think<00:09:09.760> of<00:09:09.820> it<00:09:09.940> it's<00:09:10.090> 2016<00:09:10.720> and<00:09:11.110> the<00:09:11.530> leading
think of it it's 2016 and the leading
think of it it's 2016 and the leading
candidate<00:09:12.220> releases<00:09:12.580> not<00:09:12.700> only<00:09:13.000> her<00:09:13.090> four
candidate releases not only her four
candidate releases not only her four
years<00:09:13.510> of<00:09:13.630> back<00:09:13.780> tax<00:09:14.020> returns<00:09:14.350> but<00:09:14.530> also<00:09:14.830> her
years of back tax returns but also her
years of back tax returns but also her
personal<00:09:15.640> genome<00:09:15.940> and<00:09:16.150> it<00:09:16.450> looks<00:09:16.600> really<00:09:16.930> good
personal genome and it looks really good
personal genome and it looks really good
and<00:09:17.140> then<00:09:17.380> she<00:09:17.410> challenges<00:09:17.950> all<00:09:18.100> of<00:09:18.130> her
and then she challenges all of her
and then she challenges all of her
competitors<00:09:18.880> to<00:09:19.210> do<00:09:19.330> the<00:09:19.420> same<00:09:19.630> do<00:09:20.110> you<00:09:20.200> think
competitors to do the same do you think
competitors to do the same do you think
that's<00:09:20.560> not<00:09:20.740> gonna<00:09:20.860> happen<00:09:21.100> do<00:09:21.970> you<00:09:22.000> think<00:09:22.240> it
that's not gonna happen do you think it
that's not gonna happen do you think it
would<00:09:22.420> help<00:09:22.600> john<00:09:22.870> mccain<00:09:25.650> how<00:09:26.650> many<00:09:26.920> people
would help john mccain how many people
would help john mccain how many people
in<00:09:27.340> the<00:09:27.400> audience<00:09:27.580> have<00:09:28.000> the<00:09:28.120> last<00:09:28.300> name
in the audience have the last name
in the audience have the last name
Resnick<00:09:28.960> like<00:09:29.140> me<00:09:29.350> raise<00:09:29.710> your<00:09:29.860> hand
Resnick like me raise your hand
Resnick like me raise your hand
anybody<00:09:30.580> nobody<00:09:31.920> typically<00:09:32.920> there's<00:09:33.100> one<00:09:33.280> or
anybody nobody typically there's one or
anybody nobody typically there's one or
two<00:09:33.550> so<00:09:34.090> my<00:09:34.240> father's<00:09:34.660> father<00:09:34.870> is<00:09:35.020> one<00:09:35.110> of<00:09:35.260> 10
two so my father's father is one of 10
two so my father's father is one of 10
Resnick<00:09:35.800> brothers<00:09:36.040> they<00:09:36.190> all<00:09:36.220> hated<00:09:36.580> each
Resnick brothers they all hated each
Resnick brothers they all hated each
other<00:09:36.970> right<00:09:37.180> and<00:09:37.330> they<00:09:37.390> all<00:09:37.510> move<00:09:37.750> to
other right and they all move to
other right and they all move to
different<00:09:38.080> parts<00:09:38.440> of<00:09:38.530> the<00:09:38.620> planet<00:09:38.830> and<00:09:39.960> so
different parts of the planet and so
different parts of the planet and so
it's<00:09:41.140> likely<00:09:41.440> that<00:09:41.590> I'm<00:09:41.680> related<00:09:41.980> to<00:09:42.010> every
it's likely that I'm related to every
it's likely that I'm related to every
Resnick<00:09:42.610> that<00:09:42.730> I<00:09:42.760> ever<00:09:42.940> meet<00:09:43.120> but<00:09:43.300> I<00:09:43.360> don't
Resnick that I ever meet but I don't
Resnick that I ever meet but I don't
know<00:09:43.750> so<00:09:43.930> imagine<00:09:44.350> if<00:09:44.440> my<00:09:44.560> genome<00:09:44.920> were
know so imagine if my genome were
know so imagine if my genome were
de-identified<00:09:45.670> sitting<00:09:46.030> in<00:09:46.120> software<00:09:46.480> right
de-identified sitting in software right
de-identified sitting in software right
and<00:09:46.990> a<00:09:47.890> third<00:09:48.520> cousins<00:09:48.910> genome<00:09:49.210> was<00:09:49.330> also
and a third cousins genome was also
and a third cousins genome was also
sitting<00:09:49.870> there<00:09:50.020> and<00:09:50.110> there<00:09:50.230> was<00:09:50.320> software
sitting there and there was software
sitting there and there was software
that<00:09:51.070> could<00:09:51.220> compare<00:09:51.610> these<00:09:51.790> two<00:09:51.970> and<00:09:52.150> make
that could compare these two and make
that could compare these two and make
these<00:09:52.420> associations<00:09:53.290> not<00:09:53.920> hard<00:09:54.130> to<00:09:54.220> imagine
these associations not hard to imagine
these associations not hard to imagine
my<00:09:54.670> company<00:09:55.030> a<00:09:55.060> software<00:09:55.510> that<00:09:55.630> does<00:09:55.810> this
my company a software that does this
my company a software that does this
right<00:09:56.170> now<00:09:56.350> and<00:09:56.710> so<00:09:57.190> imagine<00:09:57.370> one<00:09:57.700> more<00:09:57.910> thing
right now and so imagine one more thing
right now and so imagine one more thing
that<00:09:58.300> that<00:09:58.420> software<00:09:58.780> is<00:09:58.930> able<00:09:59.200> to<00:09:59.290> ask<00:09:59.470> both
that that software is able to ask both
that that software is able to ask both
parties<00:10:00.430> for<00:10:00.610> mutual<00:10:00.880> consents<00:10:01.390> would<00:10:01.960> you<00:10:02.080> be
parties for mutual consents would you be
parties for mutual consents would you be
willing<00:10:02.380> to<00:10:02.530> meet<00:10:02.770> your<00:10:02.950> third<00:10:03.160> cousin<00:10:03.550> and<00:10:03.730> if
willing to meet your third cousin and if
willing to meet your third cousin and if
we<00:10:04.150> both<00:10:04.300> say<00:10:04.480> yes<00:10:04.690> voila
we both say yes voila
we both say yes voila
welcome<00:10:05.680> to<00:10:05.800> chromosomally<00:10:06.520> LinkedIn<00:10:06.880> right
now<00:10:12.040> this<00:10:12.190> is<00:10:12.310> probably<00:10:12.610> a<00:10:12.700> good<00:10:12.850> thing<00:10:13.120> right
now this is probably a good thing right
now this is probably a good thing right
a<00:10:13.360> bigger<00:10:13.780> clan<00:10:14.110> gatherings<00:10:14.650> and<00:10:14.830> so<00:10:14.980> on<00:10:15.070> but
a bigger clan gatherings and so on but
a bigger clan gatherings and so on but
maybe<00:10:15.370> it's<00:10:15.610> a<00:10:15.700> bad<00:10:15.880> thing<00:10:15.910> as<00:10:16.480> well<00:10:16.750> how<00:10:16.930> many
maybe it's a bad thing as well how many
maybe it's a bad thing as well how many
father's<00:10:17.470> in<00:10:17.620> the<00:10:17.710> room<00:10:17.860> raise<00:10:18.220> your<00:10:18.400> hands
father's in the room raise your hands
father's in the room raise your hands
okay<00:10:19.930> so<00:10:19.990> it<00:10:20.290> just<00:10:20.440> turns<00:10:20.620> experts<00:10:21.160> think<00:10:21.460> that
okay so it just turns experts think that
okay so it just turns experts think that
one<00:10:21.940> to<00:10:22.150> three<00:10:22.330> percent<00:10:22.750> of<00:10:22.900> you<00:10:22.990> are<00:10:23.020> not
one to three percent of you are not
one to three percent of you are not
actually<00:10:23.680> the<00:10:23.800> father<00:10:24.040> of<00:10:24.190> your<00:10:24.520> child<00:10:26.070> look
these<00:10:33.140> genomes<00:10:33.650> these<00:10:34.220> 23<00:10:34.760> chromosomes<00:10:35.360> they
these genomes these 23 chromosomes they
these genomes these 23 chromosomes they
don't<00:10:36.050> in<00:10:36.320> any<00:10:36.500> way<00:10:36.650> represent<00:10:37.370> the<00:10:37.460> quality
don't in any way represent the quality
don't in any way represent the quality
of<00:10:37.910> our<00:10:38.000> relationships<00:10:38.600> or<00:10:38.870> the<00:10:38.990> nature<00:10:39.260> of
of our relationships or the nature of
of our relationships or the nature of
our<00:10:39.470> society<00:10:40.010> at<00:10:40.130> least<00:10:40.310> not<00:10:40.490> yet<00:10:40.820> and<00:10:41.060> like
our society at least not yet and like
our society at least not yet and like
any<00:10:42.080> new<00:10:42.320> technology<00:10:42.730> it's<00:10:43.730> really<00:10:43.820> in
any new technology it's really in
any new technology it's really in
humanity's<00:10:44.750> hands<00:10:44.990> to<00:10:45.200> wield<00:10:45.380> it<00:10:45.560> for<00:10:45.710> the
humanity's hands to wield it for the
humanity's hands to wield it for the
betterment<00:10:46.010> of<00:10:46.160> mankind<00:10:46.310> or<00:10:47.029> not<00:10:47.720> and<00:10:48.050> so<00:10:48.140> I
betterment of mankind or not and so I
betterment of mankind or not and so I
urge<00:10:48.380> you<00:10:48.620> all<00:10:48.650> to<00:10:48.860> wake<00:10:49.339> up<00:10:49.580> and<00:10:49.940> to<00:10:50.150> tune<00:10:50.390> in
urge you all to wake up and to tune in
urge you all to wake up and to tune in
and<00:10:50.839> to<00:10:50.990> influence<00:10:51.290> the<00:10:51.529> genomic<00:10:51.890> revolution
and to influence the genomic revolution
and to influence the genomic revolution
that's<00:10:52.550> happening<00:10:52.670> all<00:10:53.150> around<00:10:53.270> you<00:10:53.600> thank
that's happening all around you thank
that's happening all around you thank
you
Richard Resnick, TED, TEDx, TEDxBoston, TED-Ed, TED, Ed, TEDEducation, genome, sequencing, genome, health care
