What makes us feel good about our work? - Dan Ariely
I<00:00:12.230> want<00:00:13.230> to<00:00:13.320> talk<00:00:13.469> a<00:00:13.500> little<00:00:13.620> bit<00:00:13.860> today<00:00:14.070> about
I want to talk a little bit today about
I want to talk a little bit today about
labor<00:00:15.599> and<00:00:16.049> work<00:00:17.720> when<00:00:18.720> we<00:00:18.840> think<00:00:19.320> about<00:00:19.500> how
labor and work when we think about how
labor and work when we think about how
people<00:00:20.100> work
people work
people work
the<00:00:21.600> naive<00:00:22.039> intuition<00:00:23.039> we<00:00:23.160> have<00:00:23.430> is<00:00:23.820> that
the naive intuition we have is that
the naive intuition we have is that
people<00:00:24.090> are<00:00:24.449> like<00:00:24.600> rats<00:00:24.960> in<00:00:25.140> a<00:00:25.260> maze<00:00:25.289> that<00:00:26.250> all
people are like rats in a maze that all
people are like rats in a maze that all
people<00:00:26.789> care<00:00:27.000> about<00:00:27.150> is<00:00:27.449> money
people care about is money
people care about is money
in<00:00:28.050> the<00:00:28.560> moment<00:00:28.859> we<00:00:28.980> give<00:00:29.130> people<00:00:29.279> money<00:00:29.640> we
in the moment we give people money we
in the moment we give people money we
can<00:00:30.029> direct<00:00:30.359> them<00:00:30.539> to<00:00:30.689> work<00:00:30.869> one<00:00:31.140> way<00:00:31.349> we<00:00:31.560> can
can direct them to work one way we can
can direct them to work one way we can
direct<00:00:31.980> them<00:00:32.160> to<00:00:32.730> work<00:00:32.880> another<00:00:33.180> way<00:00:33.390> this<00:00:33.690> is
direct them to work another way this is
direct them to work another way this is
why<00:00:33.960> we<00:00:34.110> give<00:00:34.260> bonuses<00:00:34.800> to<00:00:34.860> bankers<00:00:35.430> and<00:00:35.670> paint
why we give bonuses to bankers and paint
why we give bonuses to bankers and paint
all<00:00:36.000> kinds<00:00:36.420> of<00:00:36.480> ways<00:00:36.690> and<00:00:36.870> we<00:00:36.960> really<00:00:37.649> have
all kinds of ways and we really have
all kinds of ways and we really have
this<00:00:37.920> incredibly<00:00:38.700> simplistic<00:00:39.149> view<00:00:39.960> of<00:00:40.200> why
this incredibly simplistic view of why
this incredibly simplistic view of why
people<00:00:41.040> work<00:00:41.790> and<00:00:42.030> what<00:00:42.149> the<00:00:42.270> labor<00:00:42.530> market
people work and what the labor market
people work and what the labor market
looks<00:00:43.770> like<00:00:44.000> at<00:00:45.000> the<00:00:45.120> same<00:00:45.270> time<00:00:45.600> if<00:00:45.989> you<00:00:46.680> think
looks like at the same time if you think
looks like at the same time if you think
about<00:00:47.070> it<00:00:47.280> there's<00:00:47.430> all<00:00:47.640> kinds<00:00:48.120> of<00:00:48.180> strange
about it there's all kinds of strange
about it there's all kinds of strange
behaviors<00:00:49.170> in<00:00:49.320> the<00:00:49.410> world<00:00:49.620> around<00:00:49.890> us<00:00:50.120> think
behaviors in the world around us think
behaviors in the world around us think
about<00:00:51.329> something<00:00:51.600> like<00:00:51.750> mountaineering<00:00:52.590> and
about something like mountaineering and
about something like mountaineering and
mountain<00:00:53.160> climbing<00:00:53.610> if<00:00:54.120> you<00:00:54.629> read<00:00:54.840> books<00:00:55.079> of
mountain climbing if you read books of
mountain climbing if you read books of
people<00:00:55.890> who<00:00:56.100> climb<00:00:56.190> mountains<00:00:57.059> difficult
people who climb mountains difficult
people who climb mountains difficult
mountains<00:00:58.140> do<00:00:58.739> you<00:00:58.859> think<00:00:59.219> that<00:00:59.430> those<00:00:59.609> books
mountains do you think that those books
mountains do you think that those books
are<00:01:00.239> full<00:01:00.539> of<00:01:00.719> moments<00:01:01.320> of<00:01:01.440> joy<00:01:01.890> and<00:01:02.190> happiness
are full of moments of joy and happiness
are full of moments of joy and happiness
no<00:01:04.049> they're<00:01:04.290> full<00:01:04.500> of<00:01:04.619> misery<00:01:05.129> in<00:01:05.510> fact<00:01:06.510> it's
no they're full of misery in fact it's
no they're full of misery in fact it's
all<00:01:07.020> about<00:01:07.290> frostbites<00:01:08.130> and<00:01:08.580> difficulty<00:01:09.240> to
all about frostbites and difficulty to
all about frostbites and difficulty to
walk<00:01:09.659> and<00:01:10.049> difficulty<00:01:10.650> of<00:01:10.680> breathing<00:01:11.310> cold
walk and difficulty of breathing cold
walk and difficulty of breathing cold
challenging<00:01:13.140> circumstances<00:01:13.460> and<00:01:14.460> if<00:01:14.820> people
challenging circumstances and if people
challenging circumstances and if people
were<00:01:15.270> just<00:01:15.600> trying<00:01:15.869> to<00:01:15.960> be<00:01:16.049> happy<00:01:16.350> the<00:01:17.250> moment
were just trying to be happy the moment
were just trying to be happy the moment
they<00:01:17.729> would<00:01:17.880> get<00:01:18.060> to<00:01:18.210> the<00:01:18.299> top<00:01:18.330> they<00:01:18.990> would<00:01:19.140> say
they would get to the top they would say
they would get to the top they would say
this<00:01:19.560> was<00:01:19.740> a<00:01:19.770> terrible<00:01:20.280> mistake<00:01:20.460> I'll<00:01:20.880> never
this was a terrible mistake I'll never
this was a terrible mistake I'll never
do<00:01:21.330> it<00:01:21.450> again<00:01:23.210> instead<00:01:24.210> let<00:01:24.479> me<00:01:24.630> sit<00:01:25.290> on<00:01:25.439> the
do it again instead let me sit on the
do it again instead let me sit on the
beach<00:01:25.680> somewhere<00:01:26.009> drinking<00:01:26.159> mojitos<00:01:26.880> but
beach somewhere drinking mojitos but
beach somewhere drinking mojitos but
instead<00:01:28.140> people<00:01:28.640> go<00:01:29.640> down<00:01:29.939> and<00:01:30.409> after<00:01:31.409> they
instead people go down and after they
instead people go down and after they
recover<00:01:31.920> they<00:01:32.130> go<00:01:32.280> up<00:01:32.400> again<00:01:32.790> and<00:01:33.600> if<00:01:34.049> you
recover they go up again and if you
recover they go up again and if you
think<00:01:34.500> about<00:01:34.619> mountain<00:01:35.250> climbing<00:01:35.700> is<00:01:35.790> an
think about mountain climbing is an
think about mountain climbing is an
example<00:01:36.360> it<00:01:37.079> suggests<00:01:37.560> all<00:01:37.770> kinds<00:01:38.250> of<00:01:38.310> things
example it suggests all kinds of things
example it suggests all kinds of things
it<00:01:39.030> suggests<00:01:39.720> that<00:01:39.780> we<00:01:39.869> care<00:01:40.229> about<00:01:40.350> reaching
it suggests that we care about reaching
it suggests that we care about reaching
the<00:01:41.340> end<00:01:41.520> a<00:01:41.880> peak<00:01:42.509> it<00:01:43.259> suggests<00:01:43.710> that<00:01:43.770> we<00:01:43.860> care
the end a peak it suggests that we care
the end a peak it suggests that we care
about<00:01:44.310> the<00:01:44.549> fight<00:01:44.850> about<00:01:45.450> the<00:01:45.630> challenge<00:01:46.140> it
about the fight about the challenge it
about the fight about the challenge it
suggests<00:01:47.159> that<00:01:47.220> there's<00:01:47.430> all<00:01:47.579> kinds<00:01:47.939> of<00:01:48.000> other
suggests that there's all kinds of other
suggests that there's all kinds of other
things<00:01:48.299> that<00:01:48.720> motivate<00:01:49.320> us<00:01:49.350> to<00:01:50.180> work<00:01:51.180> or
things that motivate us to work or
things that motivate us to work or
behave<00:01:52.409> in<00:01:52.439> all<00:01:52.649> kinds<00:01:53.009> of<00:01:53.100> ways<00:01:53.280> and<00:01:54.020> for<00:01:55.020> me
behave in all kinds of ways and for me
behave in all kinds of ways and for me
personally<00:01:55.350> I<00:01:55.649> started<00:01:55.979> thinking<00:01:56.490> about<00:01:56.610> this
personally I started thinking about this
personally I started thinking about this
after<00:01:57.360> a<00:01:57.439> student<00:01:58.439> came<00:01:58.590> to<00:01:58.649> visit<00:01:58.950> me<00:01:59.270> this
after a student came to visit me this
after a student came to visit me this
was<00:02:00.450> a<00:02:00.479> student<00:02:00.810> that<00:02:01.049> was<00:02:01.229> one<00:02:01.920> of<00:02:02.009> my
was a student that was one of my
was a student that was one of my
students<00:02:02.490> a<00:02:02.549> few<00:02:02.700> years<00:02:02.909> earlier<00:02:03.140> and<00:02:04.140> he<00:02:04.259> came
students a few years earlier and he came
students a few years earlier and he came
one<00:02:04.680> day<00:02:04.710> back<00:02:05.040> to<00:02:05.189> campus<00:02:05.610> and<00:02:06.390> he<00:02:06.450> told<00:02:06.689> me
one day back to campus and he told me
one day back to campus and he told me
the<00:02:06.869> following<00:02:07.200> story<00:02:07.530> he<00:02:08.520> said<00:02:08.759> that<00:02:08.940> for
the following story he said that for
the following story he said that for
more<00:02:09.929> than<00:02:10.140> two<00:02:10.319> weeks<00:02:10.500> he<00:02:10.979> was<00:02:11.160> working<00:02:11.580> on<00:02:11.670> a
more than two weeks he was working on a
more than two weeks he was working on a
PowerPoint<00:02:12.360> presentation
PowerPoint presentation
PowerPoint presentation
he<00:02:13.980> was<00:02:14.129> working<00:02:14.489> in<00:02:14.549> a<00:02:14.640> big<00:02:14.849> bank<00:02:14.879> and<00:02:15.510> this
he was working in a big bank and this
he was working in a big bank and this
was<00:02:15.810> in<00:02:16.019> preparation<00:02:16.349> for<00:02:16.709> a<00:02:16.950> merger<00:02:17.700> and
was in preparation for a merger and
was in preparation for a merger and
acquisition<00:02:18.480> and<00:02:19.290> he<00:02:19.680> was<00:02:19.829> working<00:02:20.159> very<00:02:20.189> hard
acquisition and he was working very hard
acquisition and he was working very hard
on<00:02:20.879> this<00:02:21.060> presentation<00:02:21.599> graphs<00:02:22.409> tables
on this presentation graphs tables
on this presentation graphs tables
information<00:02:24.030> he<00:02:24.450> stayed<00:02:24.719> late<00:02:25.049> at<00:02:25.230> night
information he stayed late at night
information he stayed late at night
every<00:02:25.950> day<00:02:25.980> and<00:02:26.840> the<00:02:27.840> day<00:02:28.109> before<00:02:28.140> it<00:02:28.680> was<00:02:28.890> due
every day and the day before it was due
every day and the day before it was due
he<00:02:29.879> sent<00:02:30.269> his<00:02:30.450> PowerPoint<00:02:31.049> presentation<00:02:31.709> to
he sent his PowerPoint presentation to
he sent his PowerPoint presentation to
his<00:02:31.980> boss<00:02:32.250> and<00:02:32.609> his<00:02:33.299> boss<00:02:33.389> wrote<00:02:33.959> him<00:02:34.139> back<00:02:34.170> and
his boss and his boss wrote him back and
his boss and his boss wrote him back and
said<00:02:35.040> nice<00:02:36.000> presentation<00:02:36.959> but<00:02:37.650> the<00:02:37.799> merger<00:02:38.010> is
said nice presentation but the merger is
said nice presentation but the merger is
canceled<00:02:38.879> and<00:02:39.680> the<00:02:40.680> guy<00:02:40.829> was<00:02:40.980> deeply
canceled and the guy was deeply
canceled and the guy was deeply
depressed<00:02:41.750> now<00:02:42.750> at<00:02:42.989> the<00:02:43.170> moment<00:02:43.799> when<00:02:44.010> he<00:02:44.040> was
depressed now at the moment when he was
depressed now at the moment when he was
working<00:02:44.849> he<00:02:44.939> was<00:02:45.120> actually<00:02:45.329> quite<00:02:45.720> happy
working he was actually quite happy
working he was actually quite happy
every<00:02:47.069> night<00:02:47.280> he<00:02:47.519> was<00:02:47.669> enjoying<00:02:48.090> his<00:02:48.389> work<00:02:48.419> he
every night he was enjoying his work he
every night he was enjoying his work he
was<00:02:49.169> staying<00:02:49.500> late<00:02:49.620> he<00:02:50.129> was<00:02:50.310> perfecting<00:02:51.030> this
was staying late he was perfecting this
was staying late he was perfecting this
PowerPoint<00:02:52.139> presentation<00:02:52.730> but<00:02:53.730> knowing<00:02:54.180> that
PowerPoint presentation but knowing that
PowerPoint presentation but knowing that
nobody<00:02:54.810> would<00:02:54.989> ever<00:02:55.049> watch<00:02:55.680> that<00:02:55.760> made<00:02:56.760> him
nobody would ever watch that made him
nobody would ever watch that made him
quite<00:02:57.150> depressed<00:02:57.919> so<00:02:58.919> I<00:02:58.950> thought<00:02:59.280> I<00:02:59.310> think
quite depressed so I thought I think
quite depressed so I thought I think
about<00:02:59.819> how<00:03:00.060> do<00:03:00.120> we<00:03:00.269> experiment<00:03:01.079> with<00:03:01.530> this
about how do we experiment with this
about how do we experiment with this
idea<00:03:02.129> of<00:03:02.430> the<00:03:03.150> fruits<00:03:03.510> of<00:03:03.689> our<00:03:03.870> labor<00:03:03.930> and<00:03:05.060> to
idea of the fruits of our labor and to
idea of the fruits of our labor and to
start<00:03:06.389> with<00:03:06.659> we<00:03:07.169> created<00:03:07.590> a<00:03:07.650> little
start with we created a little
start with we created a little
experiment<00:03:08.540> in<00:03:09.540> which<00:03:10.049> we<00:03:10.500> gave<00:03:10.739> people<00:03:11.040> Legos
experiment in which we gave people Legos
experiment in which we gave people Legos
and<00:03:12.239> we<00:03:13.019> asked<00:03:13.260> them<00:03:13.379> to<00:03:13.409> build<00:03:13.739> Legos<00:03:14.669> and<00:03:15.409> for
and we asked them to build Legos and for
and we asked them to build Legos and for
some<00:03:16.620> people<00:03:17.209> we<00:03:18.209> gave<00:03:18.419> them<00:03:18.569> a<00:03:18.690> Lego<00:03:18.900> and<00:03:19.139> we
some people we gave them a Lego and we
some people we gave them a Lego and we
said<00:03:19.470> hey<00:03:19.739> would<00:03:20.459> you<00:03:20.639> like<00:03:20.790> to<00:03:21.060> build<00:03:21.239> this
said hey would you like to build this
said hey would you like to build this
Bionicle<00:03:22.650> for<00:03:23.280> three<00:03:23.549> dollars<00:03:23.790> we'll<00:03:24.479> pay<00:03:24.659> you
Bionicle for three dollars we'll pay you
Bionicle for three dollars we'll pay you
three<00:03:25.049> dollars<00:03:25.409> for<00:03:25.620> it<00:03:25.739> and<00:03:26.549> people<00:03:26.729> said<00:03:27.030> yes
three dollars for it and people said yes
three dollars for it and people said yes
and<00:03:27.540> they<00:03:28.260> build<00:03:28.530> this<00:03:28.709> Lego<00:03:28.979> and<00:03:29.340> when<00:03:30.299> they
and they build this Lego and when they
and they build this Lego and when they
finished<00:03:30.900> we<00:03:31.139> took<00:03:31.319> it<00:03:31.530> we<00:03:32.069> put<00:03:32.280> it<00:03:32.430> under<00:03:32.879> the
finished we took it we put it under the
finished we took it we put it under the
table<00:03:33.449> and<00:03:33.629> we<00:03:33.840> said<00:03:34.109> would<00:03:34.709> you<00:03:34.739> like<00:03:34.859> to
table and we said would you like to
table and we said would you like to
build<00:03:35.250> another<00:03:35.579> one<00:03:35.699> this<00:03:36.689> time<00:03:36.750> for<00:03:37.199> 270<00:03:37.889> if
build another one this time for 270 if
build another one this time for 270 if
they<00:03:38.760> said<00:03:38.970> yes<00:03:39.000> we<00:03:39.180> gave<00:03:39.449> them<00:03:39.629> another<00:03:39.870> one
they said yes we gave them another one
they said yes we gave them another one
and<00:03:40.379> when<00:03:40.560> they<00:03:40.680> finished<00:03:41.099> we<00:03:41.250> asked<00:03:41.400> them<00:03:41.639> do
and when they finished we asked them do
and when they finished we asked them do
you<00:03:41.790> want<00:03:42.000> to<00:03:42.090> build<00:03:42.239> another<00:03:42.509> one<00:03:42.629> for<00:03:43.500> 240
you want to build another one for 240
you want to build another one for 240
210<00:03:45.180> and<00:03:45.419> so<00:03:45.989> on<00:03:46.169> until<00:03:46.500> at<00:03:46.650> some<00:03:46.680> point<00:03:47.220> people
210 and so on until at some point people
210 and so on until at some point people
said<00:03:47.879> no<00:03:48.419> more<00:03:48.689> it's<00:03:49.439> not<00:03:49.560> worth<00:03:49.919> it<00:03:50.129> for<00:03:50.280> me
said no more it's not worth it for me
said no more it's not worth it for me
this<00:03:52.290> was<00:03:52.530> what<00:03:52.709> we<00:03:52.829> called<00:03:53.069> the<00:03:53.159> meaningful
this was what we called the meaningful
this was what we called the meaningful
condition<00:03:54.019> people<00:03:55.019> build<00:03:55.409> one<00:03:55.769> Bionicle
condition people build one Bionicle
condition people build one Bionicle
after<00:03:57.060> another<00:03:57.329> after<00:03:58.019> they<00:03:58.349> finished<00:03:58.739> every
after another after they finished every
after another after they finished every
one<00:03:59.250> of<00:03:59.280> them<00:03:59.519> we<00:03:59.639> put<00:03:59.669> them<00:03:59.970> under<00:04:00.269> the<00:04:00.299> table
one of them we put them under the table
one of them we put them under the table
and<00:04:00.959> we<00:04:01.319> told<00:04:01.620> them<00:04:01.859> that<00:04:01.919> at<00:04:02.220> the<00:04:02.340> end<00:04:02.489> of<00:04:02.639> the
and we told them that at the end of the
and we told them that at the end of the
experiment<00:04:03.389> we<00:04:03.540> will<00:04:03.689> take<00:04:03.959> all<00:04:04.169> these
experiment we will take all these
experiment we will take all these
Bionicles<00:04:04.579> we<00:04:05.579> will<00:04:05.759> unassembled<00:04:06.389> them<00:04:06.720> we
Bionicles we will unassembled them we
Bionicles we will unassembled them we
will<00:04:07.019> put<00:04:07.199> them<00:04:07.319> back<00:04:07.470> in<00:04:07.680> the<00:04:07.769> boxes<00:04:08.220> and<00:04:08.489> we
will put them back in the boxes and we
will put them back in the boxes and we
will<00:04:08.759> use<00:04:08.970> it<00:04:09.120> for<00:04:09.269> the<00:04:09.329> next<00:04:09.509> participant
will use it for the next participant
will use it for the next participant
there<00:04:11.939> was<00:04:12.030> another<00:04:12.239> condition<00:04:12.780> this<00:04:13.470> other
there was another condition this other
there was another condition this other
condition<00:04:13.979> was<00:04:14.689> inspired<00:04:15.689> by<00:04:15.959> David<00:04:16.019> my
condition was inspired by David my
condition was inspired by David my
student<00:04:17.099> and<00:04:17.340> this<00:04:18.150> other<00:04:18.329> condition
student and this other condition
student and this other condition
recalled<00:04:19.199> the<00:04:19.320> sisyphic<00:04:19.889> condition<00:04:19.919> and<00:04:20.820> if
recalled the sisyphic condition and if
recalled the sisyphic condition and if
you<00:04:21.630> remember<00:04:21.870> the<00:04:22.139> story<00:04:22.409> about<00:04:22.500> Sisyphus
you remember the story about Sisyphus
you remember the story about Sisyphus
Sisyphus<00:04:24.240> was<00:04:24.419> punished<00:04:24.840> by<00:04:24.930> the<00:04:25.050> gods<00:04:25.349> to<00:04:25.529> put
Sisyphus was punished by the gods to put
Sisyphus was punished by the gods to put
this<00:04:25.950> to<00:04:26.310> push<00:04:26.520> the<00:04:26.669> same<00:04:26.940> rock
this to push the same rock
this to push the same rock
up<00:04:27.810> a<00:04:28.020> hill<00:04:28.200> and<00:04:28.530> when<00:04:29.100> he<00:04:29.190> almost<00:04:29.640> got<00:04:29.850> to<00:04:29.970> the
up a hill and when he almost got to the
up a hill and when he almost got to the
end<00:04:30.270> the<00:04:31.050> rock<00:04:31.260> will<00:04:31.470> roll<00:04:31.680> over<00:04:31.710> and<00:04:32.160> he<00:04:32.280> would
end the rock will roll over and he would
end the rock will roll over and he would
have<00:04:32.550> to<00:04:32.670> start<00:04:32.910> again<00:04:33.180> and<00:04:33.900> you<00:04:34.080> can<00:04:34.230> think
have to start again and you can think
have to start again and you can think
about<00:04:34.560> this<00:04:34.860> is<00:04:35.040> the<00:04:35.250> essence<00:04:36.030> of<00:04:36.410> doing
about this is the essence of doing
about this is the essence of doing
futile<00:04:37.950> work<00:04:38.280> you<00:04:38.850> can<00:04:39.030> imagine<00:04:39.300> it<00:04:39.510> if<00:04:39.660> he
futile work you can imagine it if he
futile work you can imagine it if he
pushed<00:04:40.050> the<00:04:40.200> rock<00:04:40.380> on<00:04:40.530> different<00:04:40.920> hills<00:04:41.160> at
pushed the rock on different hills at
pushed the rock on different hills at
least<00:04:42.030> it<00:04:42.180> would<00:04:42.300> have<00:04:42.450> some<00:04:42.660> sense<00:04:42.870> of
least it would have some sense of
least it would have some sense of
progress<00:04:43.580> also<00:04:44.580> if<00:04:44.880> you<00:04:45.000> look<00:04:45.150> at<00:04:45.330> a<00:04:45.570> prison
progress also if you look at a prison
progress also if you look at a prison
movies<00:04:46.860> sometimes<00:04:47.550> the<00:04:47.730> way<00:04:47.880> that<00:04:47.910> the<00:04:48.180> guards
movies sometimes the way that the guards
movies sometimes the way that the guards
torture<00:04:49.350> the<00:04:49.470> prisoners<00:04:49.620> is<00:04:50.190> to<00:04:50.730> get<00:04:50.910> them<00:04:51.060> to
torture the prisoners is to get them to
torture the prisoners is to get them to
dig<00:04:51.390> a<00:04:51.420> hole<00:04:51.510> and<00:04:52.050> when<00:04:52.650> the<00:04:52.800> prisoners<00:04:53.580> finish
dig a hole and when the prisoners finish
dig a hole and when the prisoners finish
they<00:04:54.030> ask<00:04:54.180> them<00:04:54.330> to<00:04:54.480> fill<00:04:54.720> the<00:04:54.840> hole<00:04:55.050> back<00:04:55.260> up
they ask them to fill the hole back up
they ask them to fill the hole back up
and<00:04:55.680> then<00:04:55.800> dig<00:04:56.010> again<00:04:56.370> there's<00:04:57.090> something
and then dig again there's something
and then dig again there's something
about<00:04:57.750> this<00:04:57.930> cyclical<00:04:58.680> version<00:04:59.220> of<00:04:59.340> doing
about this cyclical version of doing
about this cyclical version of doing
something<00:05:00.060> over<00:05:00.300> and<00:05:00.540> over<00:05:00.720> and<00:05:01.020> over<00:05:01.170> this
something over and over and over this
something over and over and over this
seems<00:05:02.160> to<00:05:02.310> be<00:05:02.400> particularly<00:05:02.820> motivating<00:05:03.950> so
seems to be particularly motivating so
seems to be particularly motivating so
in<00:05:05.040> the<00:05:05.130> second<00:05:05.520> condition<00:05:05.910> of<00:05:06.000> this
in the second condition of this
in the second condition of this
experiment<00:05:06.750> that's<00:05:06.840> exactly<00:05:07.320> what<00:05:07.470> we<00:05:07.620> did<00:05:07.800> we
experiment that's exactly what we did we
experiment that's exactly what we did we
asked<00:05:08.850> people<00:05:09.090> would<00:05:10.080> you<00:05:10.170> like<00:05:10.320> to<00:05:10.530> build<00:05:10.770> one
asked people would you like to build one
asked people would you like to build one
Bionicle<00:05:11.850> for<00:05:12.030> three<00:05:12.240> dollars<00:05:12.390> and<00:05:13.080> if<00:05:13.230> they
Bionicle for three dollars and if they
Bionicle for three dollars and if they
said<00:05:13.590> yes<00:05:13.620> they<00:05:14.130> build<00:05:14.370> it<00:05:14.550> and<00:05:14.930> then<00:05:15.930> we<00:05:16.050> ask
said yes they build it and then we ask
said yes they build it and then we ask
them<00:05:16.350> do<00:05:16.440> you<00:05:16.470> want<00:05:16.560> to<00:05:16.800> build<00:05:16.980> another<00:05:17.220> one
them do you want to build another one
them do you want to build another one
for<00:05:17.610> 270<00:05:18.240> and<00:05:18.900> if<00:05:19.020> they<00:05:19.140> said<00:05:19.380> yes<00:05:19.620> we<00:05:19.980> gave
for 270 and if they said yes we gave
for 270 and if they said yes we gave
them<00:05:21.060> a<00:05:21.150> new<00:05:21.330> one<00:05:21.480> and<00:05:21.720> as<00:05:22.410> they<00:05:22.650> were<00:05:22.710> building
them a new one and as they were building
them a new one and as they were building
it<00:05:23.400> we<00:05:23.910> took<00:05:24.150> apart<00:05:24.330> the<00:05:24.960> one<00:05:25.170> that<00:05:25.320> they<00:05:25.410> just
it we took apart the one that they just
it we took apart the one that they just
finished<00:05:26.120> and<00:05:27.120> when<00:05:27.900> they<00:05:28.020> finish<00:05:28.410> that<00:05:28.650> we
finished and when they finish that we
finished and when they finish that we
said<00:05:29.550> would<00:05:29.700> you<00:05:29.760> like<00:05:29.850> to<00:05:30.120> build<00:05:30.240> another<00:05:30.570> one
said would you like to build another one
said would you like to build another one
this<00:05:31.470> time<00:05:31.710> for<00:05:31.920> 30<00:05:32.250> cents<00:05:32.610> less<00:05:32.820> and<00:05:32.970> if<00:05:33.030> they
this time for 30 cents less and if they
this time for 30 cents less and if they
said<00:05:33.330> yes<00:05:33.390> we<00:05:33.840> gave<00:05:34.530> him<00:05:34.650> the<00:05:34.710> one<00:05:34.980> that<00:05:35.280> they
said yes we gave him the one that they
said yes we gave him the one that they
built<00:05:35.730> and<00:05:35.880> we<00:05:36.090> broke<00:05:36.470> so<00:05:37.470> this<00:05:37.620> was<00:05:37.830> an
built and we broke so this was an
built and we broke so this was an
endless<00:05:38.400> cycle<00:05:38.670> of<00:05:39.180> them<00:05:39.870> building<00:05:40.380> and<00:05:40.650> we're
endless cycle of them building and we're
endless cycle of them building and we're
destroying<00:05:41.880> in<00:05:42.120> front<00:05:42.390> of<00:05:42.540> their<00:05:42.750> eyes<00:05:43.820> now
destroying in front of their eyes now
destroying in front of their eyes now
what<00:05:45.000> happens<00:05:45.630> when<00:05:46.050> you<00:05:46.110> compare<00:05:46.650> these<00:05:46.800> two
what happens when you compare these two
what happens when you compare these two
conditions<00:05:47.660> the<00:05:48.660> first<00:05:48.930> thing<00:05:49.110> that<00:05:49.140> happened
conditions the first thing that happened
conditions the first thing that happened
was<00:05:49.740> that<00:05:49.770> people<00:05:49.890> build<00:05:50.370> many<00:05:50.730> more
was that people build many more
was that people build many more
Bionicles<00:05:51.630> they<00:05:51.780> build<00:05:51.990> 11<00:05:52.380> versus<00:05:52.740> seven<00:05:53.070> in
Bionicles they build 11 versus seven in
Bionicles they build 11 versus seven in
the<00:05:53.640> meaningful<00:05:53.970> condition<00:05:54.150> versus<00:05:54.960> the
the meaningful condition versus the
the meaningful condition versus the
Sisyphus<00:05:55.620> condition<00:05:56.520> and<00:05:56.820> by<00:05:57.270> the<00:05:57.330> way<00:05:57.480> we
Sisyphus condition and by the way we
Sisyphus condition and by the way we
should<00:05:57.840> point<00:05:58.020> out<00:05:58.290> that<00:05:58.470> this<00:05:58.590> was<00:05:58.770> not<00:05:58.830> big
should point out that this was not big
should point out that this was not big
meaning<00:05:59.669> people<00:05:59.940> were<00:06:00.180> not<00:06:00.360> curing<00:06:00.930> cancer<00:06:01.410> or
meaning people were not curing cancer or
meaning people were not curing cancer or
building<00:06:01.890> bridges<00:06:02.160> people<00:06:02.970> were<00:06:03.060> building
building bridges people were building
building bridges people were building
Bionicles<00:06:04.110> for<00:06:04.350> a<00:06:04.380> few<00:06:04.620> a<00:06:04.860> few<00:06:05.130> cents<00:06:05.910> and<00:06:06.150> not
Bionicles for a few a few cents and not
Bionicles for a few a few cents and not
only<00:06:06.960> that<00:06:07.290> everybody<00:06:08.160> knew<00:06:08.430> that<00:06:08.460> the
only that everybody knew that the
only that everybody knew that the
Bionicles<00:06:09.270> will<00:06:09.390> be<00:06:09.510> destroyed<00:06:10.020> sooner<00:06:10.500> quite
Bionicles will be destroyed sooner quite
Bionicles will be destroyed sooner quite
soon<00:06:11.280> right<00:06:11.669> so<00:06:11.820> there<00:06:11.940> was<00:06:12.060> not<00:06:12.180> a<00:06:12.240> real
soon right so there was not a real
soon right so there was not a real
opportunity<00:06:13.140> for<00:06:13.500> big<00:06:13.800> meaning<00:06:14.190> but<00:06:14.760> even<00:06:15.060> the
opportunity for big meaning but even the
opportunity for big meaning but even the
small<00:06:15.570> meaning<00:06:15.810> made<00:06:16.560> a<00:06:16.590> difference<00:06:17.690> now<00:06:18.690> we
small meaning made a difference now we
small meaning made a difference now we
had<00:06:18.930> another<00:06:19.230> version<00:06:19.500> of<00:06:19.710> this<00:06:19.860> experiment
had another version of this experiment
had another version of this experiment
in<00:06:20.700> this<00:06:21.120> other<00:06:21.360> version<00:06:21.570> of<00:06:21.780> the<00:06:21.900> experiment
in this other version of the experiment
in this other version of the experiment
we<00:06:22.560> didn't<00:06:22.800> put<00:06:23.160> people<00:06:23.550> in<00:06:23.640> this<00:06:23.760> situation
we didn't put people in this situation
we didn't put people in this situation
we<00:06:24.930> just<00:06:25.169> described<00:06:25.800> to<00:06:26.040> them<00:06:26.160> the<00:06:26.340> situation
we just described to them the situation
we just described to them the situation
much<00:06:27.150> I'm<00:06:27.360> describing<00:06:27.750> to<00:06:28.050> you<00:06:28.169> now<00:06:28.380> and<00:06:28.770> we
much I'm describing to you now and we
much I'm describing to you now and we
asked<00:06:29.430> them<00:06:29.580> to<00:06:29.760> predict<00:06:30.210> what<00:06:30.480> the<00:06:30.630> result
asked them to predict what the result
asked them to predict what the result
would<00:06:31.290> be<00:06:31.460> what<00:06:32.460> happened<00:06:32.910> people<00:06:33.690> predicted
would be what happened people predicted
would be what happened people predicted
the<00:06:34.680> right<00:06:34.860> direction<00:06:35.100> but<00:06:35.700> not<00:06:35.880> the<00:06:36.030> right
the right direction but not the right
the right direction but not the right
magnitude<00:06:36.870> people<00:06:37.800> who<00:06:37.890> were<00:06:37.979> just<00:06:38.190> given<00:06:38.729> the
magnitude people who were just given the
magnitude people who were just given the
description<00:06:38.850> of<00:06:39.510> the<00:06:39.630> experiment
description of the experiment
description of the experiment
selecting<00:06:41.890> the<00:06:41.980> meaningful<00:06:42.430> condition
selecting the meaningful condition
selecting the meaningful condition
people<00:06:43.030> would<00:06:43.270> probably<00:06:43.510> build<00:06:43.930> one<00:06:44.320> more
people would probably build one more
people would probably build one more
Bionicle<00:06:45.190> so<00:06:46.000> people<00:06:46.270> understand<00:06:46.810> that
Bionicle so people understand that
Bionicle so people understand that
meaning<00:06:47.170> is<00:06:47.380> important<00:06:47.950> they<00:06:48.100> just
meaning is important they just
meaning is important they just
understand<00:06:48.730> the<00:06:48.880> magnitude<00:06:49.600> of<00:06:49.660> the
understand the magnitude of the
understand the magnitude of the
importance<00:06:50.830> they<00:06:51.070> extend<00:06:51.460> to<00:06:51.520> which<00:06:51.610> it's
importance they extend to which it's
importance they extend to which it's
important<00:06:52.860> there<00:06:53.860> was<00:06:53.980> one<00:06:54.160> other<00:06:54.310> piece<00:06:54.580> of
important there was one other piece of
important there was one other piece of
data<00:06:54.760> we<00:06:55.150> looked<00:06:55.360> at<00:06:55.650> if<00:06:56.650> you<00:06:56.830> think<00:06:57.100> about<00:06:57.310> it
data we looked at if you think about it
data we looked at if you think about it
there<00:06:57.880> are<00:06:57.910> some<00:06:58.120> people<00:06:58.270> who<00:06:58.480> love<00:06:58.690> Legos<00:06:59.170> and
there are some people who love Legos and
there are some people who love Legos and
some<00:06:59.620> people<00:06:59.890> who<00:06:59.980> don't<00:07:00.160> and<00:07:00.580> you<00:07:01.180> would
some people who don't and you would
some people who don't and you would
speculate<00:07:01.750> that<00:07:01.930> the<00:07:02.080> people<00:07:02.320> who<00:07:02.410> love<00:07:02.620> Lego
speculate that the people who love Lego
speculate that the people who love Lego
will<00:07:03.250> build<00:07:03.640> more<00:07:03.910> Legos<00:07:04.330> even<00:07:04.630> for<00:07:04.810> less
will build more Legos even for less
will build more Legos even for less
money<00:07:05.170> because<00:07:05.770> after<00:07:06.130> all<00:07:06.160> they<00:07:06.460> get<00:07:06.610> more
money because after all they get more
money because after all they get more
internal<00:07:07.660> joy<00:07:07.870> from<00:07:08.080> it<00:07:08.290> and<00:07:08.500> the<00:07:09.010> people<00:07:09.340> who
internal joy from it and the people who
internal joy from it and the people who
love<00:07:09.610> Legos<00:07:09.880> less<00:07:10.300> will<00:07:10.570> build<00:07:10.840> less<00:07:11.320> logos
love Legos less will build less logos
love Legos less will build less logos
because<00:07:12.070> the<00:07:12.190> enjoyment<00:07:12.670> that<00:07:12.940> they<00:07:13.120> derive
because the enjoyment that they derive
because the enjoyment that they derive
from<00:07:13.510> it<00:07:13.840> is<00:07:13.990> lower<00:07:14.260> and<00:07:14.650> that's<00:07:15.370> actually
from it is lower and that's actually
from it is lower and that's actually
what<00:07:15.940> we<00:07:16.090> found<00:07:16.330> in<00:07:16.480> the<00:07:16.540> meaningful
what we found in the meaningful
what we found in the meaningful
condition<00:07:17.110> there<00:07:17.770> was<00:07:17.919> a<00:07:17.950> very<00:07:18.250> nice
condition there was a very nice
condition there was a very nice
correlation<00:07:18.669> between<00:07:19.090> love<00:07:19.990> of<00:07:20.140> Lego<00:07:20.590> and<00:07:20.830> the
correlation between love of Lego and the
correlation between love of Lego and the
amount<00:07:21.160> of<00:07:21.280> Legos<00:07:21.610> people<00:07:21.970> built<00:07:22.260> what
amount of Legos people built what
amount of Legos people built what
happens<00:07:23.770> the<00:07:23.950> sisyphic<00:07:24.460> condition<00:07:24.720> in<00:07:25.720> that
happens the sisyphic condition in that
happens the sisyphic condition in that
condition<00:07:26.470> the<00:07:26.740> correlation<00:07:27.340> was<00:07:27.550> zero<00:07:27.880> there
condition the correlation was zero there
condition the correlation was zero there
was<00:07:28.660> no<00:07:28.870> relationship<00:07:29.169> between<00:07:29.590> the<00:07:30.010> love<00:07:30.220> of
was no relationship between the love of
was no relationship between the love of
Lego<00:07:30.669> and<00:07:31.030> how<00:07:31.510> much<00:07:31.690> people<00:07:31.900> built<00:07:32.350> which
Lego and how much people built which
Lego and how much people built which
suggests<00:07:33.430> to<00:07:33.610> me<00:07:33.640> that<00:07:33.940> with<00:07:34.150> this
suggests to me that with this
suggests to me that with this
manipulation<00:07:35.350> of<00:07:35.680> breaking<00:07:36.250> things<00:07:36.460> in<00:07:36.700> front
manipulation of breaking things in front
manipulation of breaking things in front
of<00:07:37.000> people<00:07:37.150> eyes<00:07:37.510> we<00:07:38.169> basically<00:07:38.440> crushed<00:07:39.220> any
of people eyes we basically crushed any
of people eyes we basically crushed any
joy<00:07:40.060> that<00:07:40.660> they<00:07:40.780> could<00:07:40.990> get<00:07:41.200> out<00:07:41.380> of<00:07:41.560> this
joy that they could get out of this
joy that they could get out of this
activity<00:07:42.040> we<00:07:42.730> basically<00:07:43.090> eliminated<00:07:43.900> that
activity we basically eliminated that
activity we basically eliminated that
soon<00:07:46.090> after<00:07:46.479> I<00:07:46.510> finished<00:07:47.490> running<00:07:48.490> this
soon after I finished running this
soon after I finished running this
experiment<00:07:49.240> I<00:07:49.419> went<00:07:49.660> to<00:07:49.810> talk<00:07:50.320> to<00:07:50.350> a<00:07:50.500> big
experiment I went to talk to a big
experiment I went to talk to a big
software<00:07:51.250> company<00:07:51.610> in<00:07:51.729> Seattle<00:07:52.650> can't<00:07:53.650> tell
software company in Seattle can't tell
software company in Seattle can't tell
you<00:07:53.890> who<00:07:54.010> they<00:07:54.040> were<00:07:54.220> but<00:07:54.580> there<00:07:54.700> were<00:07:54.790> big
you who they were but there were big
you who they were but there were big
companies<00:07:55.450> in<00:07:55.510> Seattle<00:07:55.960> and<00:07:56.710> this<00:07:57.610> was<00:07:57.820> a
companies in Seattle and this was a
companies in Seattle and this was a
group<00:07:58.210> within<00:07:58.450> the<00:07:58.600> software<00:07:58.960> company<00:07:59.560> that
group within the software company that
group within the software company that
was<00:07:59.890> put<00:08:00.160> in<00:08:00.250> a<00:08:00.340> different<00:08:00.520> building<00:08:00.850> and<00:08:01.300> they
was put in a different building and they
was put in a different building and they
asked<00:08:01.750> them<00:08:01.810> to<00:08:02.020> innovate<00:08:02.260> and<00:08:02.800> create<00:08:03.010> the
asked them to innovate and create the
asked them to innovate and create the
next<00:08:03.640> big<00:08:03.790> product<00:08:04.300> for<00:08:05.050> this<00:08:05.140> company<00:08:05.590> and<00:08:05.940> a
next big product for this company and a
next big product for this company and a
week<00:08:07.150> before<00:08:07.540> I<00:08:07.600> showed<00:08:07.870> up<00:08:08.050> the<00:08:08.290> CEO<00:08:08.590> of<00:08:08.740> this
week before I showed up the CEO of this
week before I showed up the CEO of this
big<00:08:09.280> software<00:08:09.700> company<00:08:10.090> went<00:08:10.360> to<00:08:10.479> that<00:08:10.660> group
big software company went to that group
big software company went to that group
200<00:08:11.560> engineers<00:08:11.979> and<00:08:12.450> cancelled<00:08:13.450> the<00:08:13.479> project
200 engineers and cancelled the project
200 engineers and cancelled the project
and<00:08:15.520> I<00:08:15.640> stood<00:08:15.940> there<00:08:16.000> in<00:08:16.360> front<00:08:16.540> of<00:08:16.750> 200<00:08:17.440> of<00:08:17.560> the
and I stood there in front of 200 of the
and I stood there in front of 200 of the
most<00:08:17.830> depressed<00:08:17.979> people<00:08:18.760> I've<00:08:19.450> ever<00:08:19.720> talked
most depressed people I've ever talked
most depressed people I've ever talked
to<00:08:20.140> and<00:08:20.979> I<00:08:21.280> described<00:08:21.669> to<00:08:21.880> them<00:08:22.000> some<00:08:22.240> of<00:08:22.270> these
to and I described to them some of these
to and I described to them some of these
Lego<00:08:22.590> experiments<00:08:23.590> and<00:08:23.710> they<00:08:23.950> said<00:08:24.220> they<00:08:24.340> have
Lego experiments and they said they have
Lego experiments and they said they have
felt<00:08:24.880> like<00:08:25.150> they<00:08:25.330> have<00:08:25.479> just<00:08:25.720> been<00:08:25.990> through
felt like they have just been through
felt like they have just been through
this<00:08:26.890> experiment<00:08:28.229> and<00:08:29.229> I<00:08:29.380> asked<00:08:29.650> them<00:08:29.740> I<00:08:29.860> said
this experiment and I asked them I said
this experiment and I asked them I said
how<00:08:30.490> many<00:08:30.550> of<00:08:30.880> you<00:08:31.090> now<00:08:31.330> show<00:08:31.660> to<00:08:31.690> work<00:08:32.050> later
how many of you now show to work later
how many of you now show to work later
than<00:08:32.620> you<00:08:32.710> used<00:08:32.919> to<00:08:33.039> and<00:08:33.969> everybody<00:08:34.450> raised
than you used to and everybody raised
than you used to and everybody raised
their<00:08:34.810> hand<00:08:35.080> I<00:08:35.289> said<00:08:36.250> how<00:08:36.339> many<00:08:36.400> of<00:08:36.580> you<00:08:36.729> could
their hand I said how many of you could
their hand I said how many of you could
now<00:08:37.060> go<00:08:37.270> home<00:08:37.479> earlier<00:08:37.870> than<00:08:38.080> you<00:08:38.169> used<00:08:38.349> to<00:08:38.440> and
now go home earlier than you used to and
now go home earlier than you used to and
everybody<00:08:39.430> raised<00:08:39.789> their<00:08:39.909> hand<00:08:40.180> I<00:08:40.419> asked<00:08:41.380> him
everybody raised their hand I asked him
everybody raised their hand I asked him
how<00:08:41.680> many<00:08:41.740> of<00:08:42.219> you<00:08:42.370> now<00:08:42.550> add<00:08:43.020> not<00:08:44.020> so<00:08:44.320> kosher
how many of you now add not so kosher
how many of you now add not so kosher
thing<00:08:44.980> to<00:08:45.130> your<00:08:45.220> expense<00:08:45.670> reports<00:08:46.210> and<00:08:46.450> they
thing to your expense reports and they
thing to your expense reports and they
didn't<00:08:47.440> really<00:08:47.530> raise<00:08:47.800> their<00:08:48.010> hand<00:08:48.250> but<00:08:48.430> he
didn't really raise their hand but he
didn't really raise their hand but he
took<00:08:48.670> me<00:08:48.850> out<00:08:48.970> to<00:08:49.120> dinner<00:08:49.330> and<00:08:49.540> showed<00:08:49.810> me<00:08:49.990> what
took me out to dinner and showed me what
took me out to dinner and showed me what
they<00:08:50.260> could<00:08:50.320> do<00:08:50.589> with<00:08:50.770> the<00:08:51.250> expense<00:08:51.550> reports
they could do with the expense reports
they could do with the expense reports
and<00:08:54.720> then<00:08:54.899> I<00:08:54.959> asked<00:08:55.199> them<00:08:55.259> I<00:08:55.379> said<00:08:55.410> what<00:08:55.559> could
and then I asked them I said what could
and then I asked them I said what could
you<00:08:56.249> see<00:08:56.550> or<00:08:56.730> have<00:08:56.970> done<00:08:57.319> to<00:08:58.319> make<00:08:58.529> you<00:08:58.679> not<00:08:58.860> as
you see or have done to make you not as
you see or have done to make you not as
depressed<00:08:59.519> and<00:09:00.029> they<00:09:00.749> came<00:09:00.929> up<00:09:01.110> with<00:09:01.259> all
depressed and they came up with all
depressed and they came up with all
kinds<00:09:01.410> of<00:09:01.769> ideas<00:09:01.949> they<00:09:02.639> said<00:09:02.850> the<00:09:02.939> CEO<00:09:03.209> could
kinds of ideas they said the CEO could
kinds of ideas they said the CEO could
have<00:09:03.629> asked<00:09:03.929> him<00:09:03.989> to<00:09:04.170> present<00:09:04.439> to<00:09:04.889> the<00:09:05.009> whole
have asked him to present to the whole
have asked him to present to the whole
company<00:09:05.399> about<00:09:06.329> the<00:09:06.480> journey<00:09:06.809> over<00:09:07.019> the<00:09:07.199> last
company about the journey over the last
company about the journey over the last
two<00:09:07.619> years<00:09:07.860> and<00:09:08.040> why<00:09:08.129> they<00:09:08.249> decided<00:09:08.610> to<00:09:08.639> do<00:09:08.850> he
two years and why they decided to do he
two years and why they decided to do he
could<00:09:09.749> have<00:09:09.869> asked<00:09:10.170> him<00:09:10.199> to<00:09:10.379> think<00:09:10.679> about
could have asked him to think about
could have asked him to think about
which<00:09:11.129> aspect<00:09:11.730> of<00:09:11.879> their<00:09:12.089> technology<00:09:12.839> could
which aspect of their technology could
which aspect of their technology could
fit<00:09:13.679> with<00:09:13.860> other<00:09:14.100> parts<00:09:14.639> of<00:09:14.850> the<00:09:15.299> organization
fit with other parts of the organization
fit with other parts of the organization
he<00:09:16.739> could<00:09:16.889> have<00:09:17.009> asked<00:09:17.249> him<00:09:17.279> to<00:09:17.369> build<00:09:17.639> some
he could have asked him to build some
he could have asked him to build some
prototype<00:09:18.480> some<00:09:18.749> next-generation<00:09:19.230> prototype
prototype some next-generation prototype
prototype some next-generation prototype
and<00:09:20.069> see<00:09:20.249> how<00:09:20.399> they<00:09:20.579> would<00:09:20.730> work<00:09:21.049> but<00:09:22.049> the
and see how they would work but the
and see how they would work but the
thing<00:09:22.350> is<00:09:22.379> that<00:09:22.559> any<00:09:22.920> one<00:09:23.249> of<00:09:23.279> those<00:09:23.610> would
thing is that any one of those would
thing is that any one of those would
require<00:09:24.629> some<00:09:24.929> effort<00:09:25.079> and<00:09:25.619> motivation<00:09:26.089> and<00:09:27.089> I
require some effort and motivation and I
require some effort and motivation and I
think<00:09:27.420> the<00:09:27.540> CEO<00:09:27.809> basically<00:09:28.410> did<00:09:28.589> not
think the CEO basically did not
think the CEO basically did not
understand<00:09:29.339> the<00:09:29.429> importance<00:09:30.029> of<00:09:30.179> meaning<00:09:30.569> if
understand the importance of meaning if
understand the importance of meaning if
the<00:09:31.470> CEO<00:09:31.739> just<00:09:32.309> like<00:09:32.549> our<00:09:32.699> participants
the CEO just like our participants
the CEO just like our participants
thought<00:09:33.629> that<00:09:33.809> the<00:09:33.929> essence<00:09:34.649> of<00:09:34.769> meaning<00:09:35.129> is
thought that the essence of meaning is
thought that the essence of meaning is
unimportant<00:09:35.999> then<00:09:36.569> he<00:09:36.749> would<00:09:36.929> care<00:09:37.259> and<00:09:37.499> he
unimportant then he would care and he
unimportant then he would care and he
would<00:09:38.040> tell<00:09:38.249> well<00:09:38.459> the<00:09:38.610> moment<00:09:38.939> you<00:09:39.059> I
would tell well the moment you I
would tell well the moment you I
directed<00:09:39.749> you<00:09:39.869> in<00:09:39.989> this<00:09:40.139> way<00:09:40.350> and<00:09:40.559> I'm<00:09:40.619> now<00:09:40.769> I'm
directed you in this way and I'm now I'm
directed you in this way and I'm now I'm
standing<00:09:41.040> you<00:09:41.639> in<00:09:41.759> this<00:09:41.910> way
standing you in this way
standing you in this way
everything<00:09:42.839> would<00:09:42.959> be<00:09:43.049> okay<00:09:43.379> but<00:09:44.220> if<00:09:44.369> you
everything would be okay but if you
everything would be okay but if you
understood<00:09:44.999> how<00:09:45.209> important<00:09:45.809> meaning<00:09:46.259> is<00:09:46.439> then
understood how important meaning is then
understood how important meaning is then
you<00:09:47.279> would<00:09:47.429> figure<00:09:47.670> out<00:09:47.790> that<00:09:48.059> it's<00:09:48.209> actually
you would figure out that it's actually
you would figure out that it's actually
important<00:09:49.139> to<00:09:49.259> spend<00:09:49.529> some<00:09:49.709> time<00:09:49.739> energy<00:09:50.489> and
important to spend some time energy and
important to spend some time energy and
effort<00:09:50.639> and<00:09:51.029> getting<00:09:51.660> people<00:09:52.019> to<00:09:52.350> care<00:09:52.559> more
effort and getting people to care more
effort and getting people to care more
about<00:09:52.949> what<00:09:53.279> they're<00:09:53.429> doing<00:09:54.499> the<00:09:55.499> next
about what they're doing the next
about what they're doing the next
experiment<00:09:55.949> was<00:09:56.279> slightly<00:09:56.489> different
experiment was slightly different
experiment was slightly different
we<00:09:57.660> took<00:09:57.779> a<00:09:57.929> sheet<00:09:58.049> of<00:09:58.199> paper<00:09:58.379> with<00:09:58.619> random
we took a sheet of paper with random
we took a sheet of paper with random
letters<00:09:59.639> and<00:09:59.879> we<00:10:00.449> asked<00:10:00.600> people<00:10:00.720> to<00:10:00.990> find
letters and we asked people to find
letters and we asked people to find
pairs<00:10:01.709> of<00:10:01.889> letters<00:10:02.129> that<00:10:02.429> were<00:10:02.549> identical
pairs of letters that were identical
pairs of letters that were identical
next<00:10:03.389> to<00:10:03.480> each<00:10:03.569> other<00:10:03.720> that<00:10:04.529> was<00:10:04.709> the<00:10:04.769> task<00:10:04.980> and
next to each other that was the task and
next to each other that was the task and
people<00:10:05.879> did<00:10:06.029> the<00:10:06.149> first<00:10:06.420> sheet<00:10:06.689> and<00:10:07.019> then<00:10:07.470> we
people did the first sheet and then we
people did the first sheet and then we
asked<00:10:07.709> them<00:10:07.799> if<00:10:07.860> they<00:10:08.009> want<00:10:08.189> to<00:10:08.249> do<00:10:08.369> the<00:10:08.459> next
asked them if they want to do the next
asked them if they want to do the next
sheet<00:10:08.879> for<00:10:09.059> a<00:10:09.089> little<00:10:09.299> bit<00:10:09.389> less<00:10:09.569> money<00:10:09.809> in<00:10:10.019> the
sheet for a little bit less money in the
sheet for a little bit less money in the
next<00:10:10.379> sheet<00:10:10.529> for<00:10:10.709> a<00:10:10.740> little<00:10:10.920> bit<00:10:11.009> less<00:10:11.160> money
next sheet for a little bit less money
next sheet for a little bit less money
and<00:10:11.610> so<00:10:11.790> on<00:10:11.910> and<00:10:12.059> so<00:10:12.179> forth
and so on and so forth
and so on and so forth
and<00:10:12.720> we<00:10:13.379> had<00:10:13.529> three<00:10:13.740> conditions<00:10:14.040> in<00:10:14.790> the<00:10:15.059> first
and we had three conditions in the first
and we had three conditions in the first
condition<00:10:15.480> people<00:10:16.410> wrote<00:10:16.709> the<00:10:16.860> name<00:10:17.100> on<00:10:17.279> the
condition people wrote the name on the
condition people wrote the name on the
sheet<00:10:17.809> found<00:10:18.809> all<00:10:19.170> the<00:10:19.350> pairs<00:10:19.619> of<00:10:19.799> letters
sheet found all the pairs of letters
sheet found all the pairs of letters
gave<00:10:20.970> it<00:10:21.149> to<00:10:21.240> the<00:10:21.360> experimenter<00:10:22.079> the
gave it to the experimenter the
gave it to the experimenter the
experimenter<00:10:22.860> would<00:10:23.279> look<00:10:23.490> at<00:10:23.610> it<00:10:23.759> scan<00:10:24.749> it
experimenter would look at it scan it
experimenter would look at it scan it
from<00:10:25.079> top<00:10:25.259> to<00:10:25.290> bottom<00:10:25.470> say<00:10:26.309> aha<00:10:26.790> and<00:10:27.389> put<00:10:28.019> it<00:10:28.170> on
from top to bottom say aha and put it on
from top to bottom say aha and put it on
the<00:10:28.769> pile<00:10:29.069> next<00:10:29.369> to<00:10:29.549> them<00:10:29.839> in<00:10:30.839> the<00:10:30.990> second
the pile next to them in the second
the pile next to them in the second
condition<00:10:31.829> people<00:10:32.249> did<00:10:32.549> not<00:10:32.670> write<00:10:32.939> their
condition people did not write their
condition people did not write their
name<00:10:33.299> on<00:10:33.329> it<00:10:33.540> the<00:10:34.170> experiment<00:10:34.769> looked<00:10:35.459> at<00:10:35.639> it
name on it the experiment looked at it
name on it the experiment looked at it
took<00:10:36.629> the<00:10:36.779> sheet<00:10:36.929> of<00:10:37.049> paper<00:10:37.079> did<00:10:37.529> not<00:10:37.769> look<00:10:38.040> at
took the sheet of paper did not look at
took the sheet of paper did not look at
it<00:10:38.279> did<00:10:38.429> not<00:10:38.549> scan<00:10:38.910> it<00:10:39.059> and<00:10:39.240> simply<00:10:40.169> put<00:10:40.439> it<00:10:40.470> on
it did not scan it and simply put it on
it did not scan it and simply put it on
the<00:10:41.129> pile<00:10:41.369> of<00:10:41.519> pages<00:10:42.269> right<00:10:42.509> so<00:10:43.110> you<00:10:43.169> take<00:10:43.410> a
the pile of pages right so you take a
the pile of pages right so you take a
piece<00:10:43.679> you<00:10:43.889> just<00:10:44.069> put<00:10:44.249> it<00:10:44.339> on<00:10:44.429> the<00:10:44.519> side<00:10:44.730> in<00:10:44.999> a
piece you just put it on the side in a
piece you just put it on the side in a
third<00:10:46.139> condition<00:10:46.439> the<00:10:46.860> experimenter<00:10:47.189> got<00:10:48.059> the
third condition the experimenter got the
third condition the experimenter got the
sheet<00:10:48.360> of<00:10:48.509> paper<00:10:48.540> and<00:10:49.079> directly<00:10:50.040> put<00:10:50.160> it<00:10:50.489> into
sheet of paper and directly put it into
sheet of paper and directly put it into
a<00:10:50.759> shredder<00:10:54.410> what<00:10:55.410> happened<00:10:55.829> in<00:10:55.949> those<00:10:56.069> three
a shredder what happened in those three
a shredder what happened in those three
conditions<00:10:57.299> in<00:10:57.540> this<00:10:58.350> plot<00:10:58.709> I'm<00:10:58.980> showing<00:10:59.369> you
conditions in this plot I'm showing you
conditions in this plot I'm showing you
it's<00:10:59.819> what<00:11:00.360> pay<00:11:00.899> rates<00:11:01.169> people<00:11:01.379> stopped<00:11:01.919> so
it's what pay rates people stopped so
it's what pay rates people stopped so
low<00:11:02.699> numbers<00:11:03.179> means<00:11:03.419> that<00:11:03.600> people<00:11:03.899> worked
low numbers means that people worked
low numbers means that people worked
harder<00:11:04.919> they<00:11:05.040> work<00:11:05.069> so<00:11:05.429> much<00:11:05.610> long
harder they work so much long
harder they work so much long
in<00:11:06.970> the<00:11:07.300> acknowledged<00:11:07.809> condition<00:11:08.350> people
in the acknowledged condition people
in the acknowledged condition people
worked<00:11:09.189> all<00:11:09.490> the<00:11:09.730> way<00:11:09.850> down<00:11:10.059> to<00:11:10.329> 15<00:11:10.480> cents<00:11:11.170> at
worked all the way down to 15 cents at
worked all the way down to 15 cents at
15<00:11:12.220> cents<00:11:12.519> per<00:11:12.610> page<00:11:12.939> they<00:11:13.509> basically<00:11:13.870> stopped
15 cents per page they basically stopped
15 cents per page they basically stopped
this<00:11:14.559> effort<00:11:14.949> in<00:11:15.790> the<00:11:15.970> shredder<00:11:16.240> condition<00:11:16.480> it
this effort in the shredder condition it
this effort in the shredder condition it
was<00:11:17.019> twice<00:11:17.680> as<00:11:17.920> much<00:11:18.069> 30<00:11:18.699> cents<00:11:19.029> per<00:11:19.300> sheet<00:11:19.899> and
was twice as much 30 cents per sheet and
was twice as much 30 cents per sheet and
this<00:11:20.470> is<00:11:20.649> basically<00:11:21.069> the<00:11:21.279> results<00:11:21.699> we<00:11:21.790> had
this is basically the results we had
this is basically the results we had
before<00:11:22.300> you<00:11:22.540> shred<00:11:22.870> people's<00:11:23.370> efforts<00:11:24.870> output
before you shred people's efforts output
before you shred people's efforts output
you<00:11:26.199> get<00:11:26.379> them<00:11:26.529> not<00:11:26.680> to<00:11:26.829> be<00:11:26.949> as<00:11:27.069> happy<00:11:27.309> with
you get them not to be as happy with
you get them not to be as happy with
what<00:11:27.759> they're<00:11:27.939> doing<00:11:27.970> but<00:11:28.720> I<00:11:28.749> should<00:11:29.019> point<00:11:29.350> by
what they're doing but I should point by
what they're doing but I should point by
the<00:11:29.620> way<00:11:29.829> that<00:11:30.459> in<00:11:30.610> the<00:11:30.639> shredder<00:11:30.730> condition
the way that in the shredder condition
the way that in the shredder condition
people<00:11:31.749> could<00:11:32.019> have<00:11:32.139> cheated<00:11:32.379> they<00:11:33.160> could
people could have cheated they could
people could have cheated they could
have<00:11:33.490> done<00:11:33.670> not<00:11:34.269> so<00:11:34.300> good<00:11:34.720> work<00:11:34.930> because<00:11:35.319> they
have done not so good work because they
have done not so good work because they
realized<00:11:35.860> that<00:11:35.949> people<00:11:36.220> were<00:11:36.279> just<00:11:36.490> shredding
realized that people were just shredding
realized that people were just shredding
it<00:11:36.999> so<00:11:37.720> maybe<00:11:37.870> the<00:11:38.050> first<00:11:38.230> sheet<00:11:38.529> you<00:11:38.680> would<00:11:38.800> do
it so maybe the first sheet you would do
it so maybe the first sheet you would do
a<00:11:38.949> good<00:11:39.160> work<00:11:39.370> but<00:11:39.730> then<00:11:39.850> you<00:11:39.879> see<00:11:40.120> nobody<00:11:40.449> is
a good work but then you see nobody is
a good work but then you see nobody is
really<00:11:40.720> testing<00:11:41.019> it<00:11:41.379> so<00:11:41.829> you<00:11:41.889> would<00:11:42.069> do<00:11:42.220> more
really testing it so you would do more
really testing it so you would do more
and<00:11:42.639> more<00:11:42.699> and<00:11:42.850> more<00:11:42.999> so<00:11:43.899> in<00:11:44.019> fact<00:11:44.230> in<00:11:44.379> the
and more and more so in fact in the
and more and more so in fact in the
shredder<00:11:44.740> condition<00:11:44.949> people<00:11:45.459> could<00:11:45.579> have
shredder condition people could have
shredder condition people could have
submitted<00:11:45.970> more<00:11:46.480> work<00:11:46.689> and<00:11:46.959> get<00:11:47.470> more<00:11:47.680> money
submitted more work and get more money
submitted more work and get more money
and<00:11:48.040> put<00:11:48.220> less<00:11:48.430> effort<00:11:48.610> into<00:11:49.059> it
and put less effort into it
and put less effort into it
but<00:11:50.740> what<00:11:50.920> about<00:11:51.040> the<00:11:51.309> ignored<00:11:51.699> condition
but what about the ignored condition
but what about the ignored condition
would<00:11:52.600> the<00:11:52.720> ignored<00:11:53.050> condition<00:11:53.110> be<00:11:53.709> more<00:11:53.980> like
would the ignored condition be more like
would the ignored condition be more like
the<00:11:54.279> acknowledged<00:11:54.850> or<00:11:55.029> more<00:11:55.180> like<00:11:55.300> the
the acknowledged or more like the
the acknowledged or more like the
shredder<00:11:55.689> or<00:11:56.050> somewhere<00:11:56.769> in<00:11:56.860> the<00:11:56.949> middle<00:11:57.249> it
shredder or somewhere in the middle it
shredder or somewhere in the middle it
turns<00:11:58.509> out<00:11:58.720> it<00:11:58.870> was<00:11:59.050> almost<00:11:59.290> like<00:11:59.740> the
turns out it was almost like the
turns out it was almost like the
shredder<00:12:00.189> now<00:12:01.709> this<00:12:02.709> good<00:12:02.920> news<00:12:03.040> and<00:12:03.249> bad<00:12:03.370> news
shredder now this good news and bad news
shredder now this good news and bad news
here<00:12:04.110> the<00:12:05.110> bad<00:12:05.350> news<00:12:05.649> is<00:12:05.949> that<00:12:06.249> ignoring<00:12:06.939> the
here the bad news is that ignoring the
here the bad news is that ignoring the
performance<00:12:08.019> of<00:12:08.170> people<00:12:08.620> is<00:12:08.980> almost<00:12:09.850> as<00:12:10.089> bad
performance of people is almost as bad
performance of people is almost as bad
as<00:12:10.389> shredding<00:12:11.199> the<00:12:11.350> referent<00:12:11.740> in<00:12:11.860> front<00:12:12.100> of
as shredding the referent in front of
as shredding the referent in front of
their<00:12:12.429> eyes<00:12:12.959> ignoring<00:12:13.959> get<00:12:14.139> you<00:12:14.290> a<00:12:14.319> hallway
their eyes ignoring get you a hallway
their eyes ignoring get you a hallway
are<00:12:15.790> out<00:12:16.149> there<00:12:16.509> the<00:12:17.470> good<00:12:17.709> news<00:12:18.009> is<00:12:18.370> that<00:12:18.730> by
are out there the good news is that by
are out there the good news is that by
simply<00:12:19.240> looking<00:12:19.779> at<00:12:19.929> something<00:12:20.259> that
simply looking at something that
simply looking at something that
somebody<00:12:20.740> is<00:12:20.860> done<00:12:21.209> scanning<00:12:22.209> it<00:12:22.360> and<00:12:22.509> say<00:12:22.689> AHA
somebody is done scanning it and say AHA
somebody is done scanning it and say AHA
that<00:12:23.829> seems<00:12:24.100> to<00:12:24.220> be<00:12:24.249> quite<00:12:24.610> sufficient<00:12:25.149> to
that seems to be quite sufficient to
that seems to be quite sufficient to
dramatically<00:12:25.809> improve<00:12:26.160> people's
dramatically improve people's
dramatically improve people's
motivations<00:12:27.790> so<00:12:27.999> the<00:12:28.899> good<00:12:29.110> news<00:12:29.139> is<00:12:29.679> that
motivations so the good news is that
motivations so the good news is that
adding<00:12:30.699> motivation<00:12:31.389> doesn't<00:12:31.689> seem<00:12:32.019> to<00:12:32.199> be<00:12:32.379> so
adding motivation doesn't seem to be so
adding motivation doesn't seem to be so
difficult<00:12:33.279> the<00:12:34.089> bad<00:12:34.300> news<00:12:34.600> is<00:12:34.809> that
difficult the bad news is that
difficult the bad news is that
eliminating<00:12:35.649> motivation<00:12:36.220> seem<00:12:36.429> to<00:12:36.579> be
eliminating motivation seem to be
eliminating motivation seem to be
incredibly<00:12:37.360> easy<00:12:37.540> and<00:12:37.899> if<00:12:38.199> we<00:12:38.350> don't<00:12:38.499> think
incredibly easy and if we don't think
incredibly easy and if we don't think
about<00:12:38.920> it<00:12:39.160> carefully
about it carefully
about it carefully
we<00:12:40.029> might<00:12:40.240> overdo<00:12:40.720> it<00:12:40.889> so<00:12:41.889> this<00:12:42.040> is<00:12:42.100> all<00:12:42.459> in
we might overdo it so this is all in
we might overdo it so this is all in
terms<00:12:43.420> of<00:12:43.629> kind<00:12:43.779> of<00:12:43.899> negative<00:12:44.559> motivation<00:12:44.740> or
terms of kind of negative motivation or
terms of kind of negative motivation or
eliminating<00:12:46.120> negative<00:12:46.779> motivation<00:12:47.610> the<00:12:48.610> next
eliminating negative motivation the next
eliminating negative motivation the next
part<00:12:49.059> I<00:12:49.149> want<00:12:49.269> to<00:12:49.389> show<00:12:49.569> you<00:12:49.629> something<00:12:50.019> about
part I want to show you something about
part I want to show you something about
the<00:12:50.259> positive<00:12:50.829> motivation<00:12:51.689> so<00:12:52.689> there<00:12:52.899> is<00:12:53.050> a
the positive motivation so there is a
the positive motivation so there is a
store<00:12:54.759> in<00:12:54.879> the<00:12:54.970> u.s.<00:12:55.209> called<00:12:55.480> the<00:12:55.569> akia<00:12:55.929> and<00:12:56.709> a
store in the u.s. called the akia and a
store in the u.s. called the akia and a
Kia<00:12:57.550> is<00:12:57.730> a<00:12:57.759> store<00:12:58.120> with<00:12:58.449> kind<00:12:59.350> of<00:12:59.499> okay
Kia is a store with kind of okay
Kia is a store with kind of okay
furniture<00:13:00.879> that<00:13:01.449> takes<00:13:01.660> a<00:13:01.839> long<00:13:02.019> time<00:13:02.050> to
furniture that takes a long time to
furniture that takes a long time to
assemble<00:13:02.829> and<00:13:03.269> I<00:13:05.009> don't<00:13:06.009> know<00:13:06.249> about<00:13:06.339> you<00:13:06.699> but
assemble and I don't know about you but
assemble and I don't know about you but
every<00:13:07.029> time<00:13:07.179> I<00:13:07.360> assemble<00:13:07.899> one<00:13:08.050> of<00:13:08.199> those<00:13:08.379> it
every time I assemble one of those it
every time I assemble one of those it
takes<00:13:08.769> me<00:13:08.920> much<00:13:09.129> longer<00:13:09.639> it's<00:13:09.850> much<00:13:10.089> more
takes me much longer it's much more
takes me much longer it's much more
effortful<00:13:10.839> it's<00:13:11.050> much<00:13:11.230> more<00:13:11.649> confusing<00:13:12.370> I<00:13:12.490> put
effortful it's much more confusing I put
effortful it's much more confusing I put
things<00:13:12.939> in<00:13:13.149> the<00:13:13.240> wrong<00:13:13.449> way<00:13:13.660> I<00:13:14.730> can't<00:13:15.730> say<00:13:16.029> I
things in the wrong way I can't say I
things in the wrong way I can't say I
enjoy<00:13:16.600> those<00:13:16.809> pieces
enjoy those pieces
enjoy those pieces
I<00:13:18.050> can<00:13:18.620> t<00:13:18.770> say<00:13:19.010> enjoy<00:13:19.399> the<00:13:19.580> process<00:13:20.230> but<00:13:21.230> when<00:13:21.440> I
I can t say enjoy the process but when I
I can t say enjoy the process but when I
finish<00:13:22.070> it<00:13:22.279> I<00:13:22.580> seem<00:13:23.120> to<00:13:23.149> like<00:13:23.510> those<00:13:23.779> are<00:13:23.959> clear
finish it I seem to like those are clear
finish it I seem to like those are clear
pieces<00:13:24.529> of<00:13:24.620> furniture<00:13:24.800> more<00:13:25.250> than<00:13:25.459> I<00:13:25.550> like
pieces of furniture more than I like
pieces of furniture more than I like
other<00:13:25.970> ones<00:13:26.440> and<00:13:27.490> there's<00:13:28.490> an<00:13:28.580> old<00:13:28.700> story
other ones and there's an old story
other ones and there's an old story
about<00:13:29.380> cake<00:13:30.380> mixes<00:13:30.910> so<00:13:31.910> when<00:13:32.029> they<00:13:32.120> started
about cake mixes so when they started
about cake mixes so when they started
cake<00:13:32.839> mixes<00:13:33.350> in<00:13:33.920> the<00:13:34.130> 40s<00:13:34.550> they<00:13:35.149> would<00:13:35.300> take
cake mixes in the 40s they would take
cake mixes in the 40s they would take
this<00:13:35.899> powder<00:13:36.800> and<00:13:37.339> they<00:13:37.430> would<00:13:37.580> put<00:13:37.790> it<00:13:37.910> in<00:13:38.000> a
this powder and they would put it in a
this powder and they would put it in a
box<00:13:38.300> and<00:13:38.630> they<00:13:38.990> would<00:13:39.140> ask<00:13:39.260> housewives<00:13:39.950> to
box and they would ask housewives to
box and they would ask housewives to
basically<00:13:40.580> pour<00:13:40.910> it<00:13:41.029> in<00:13:41.180> stir<00:13:41.899> some<00:13:42.140> water<00:13:42.380> in
basically pour it in stir some water in
basically pour it in stir some water in
it<00:13:42.740> mix<00:13:43.610> it<00:13:43.850> put<00:13:44.180> it<00:13:44.330> in<00:13:44.420> the<00:13:44.450> oven<00:13:44.660> and<00:13:44.990> voila
it mix it put it in the oven and voila
it mix it put it in the oven and voila
you<00:13:46.339> had<00:13:46.520> cake<00:13:46.790> but<00:13:47.779> it<00:13:47.899> turns<00:13:48.080> out<00:13:48.260> they<00:13:48.470> were
you had cake but it turns out they were
you had cake but it turns out they were
very<00:13:48.620> unpopular<00:13:49.339> people<00:13:49.970> did<00:13:50.149> not<00:13:50.330> want<00:13:50.390> them
very unpopular people did not want them
very unpopular people did not want them
and<00:13:51.140> they<00:13:51.860> thought<00:13:52.040> about<00:13:52.100> all<00:13:52.550> kinds<00:13:53.000> of
and they thought about all kinds of
and they thought about all kinds of
reasons<00:13:53.300> for<00:13:53.660> that<00:13:53.810> maybe<00:13:54.020> the<00:13:54.170> taste<00:13:54.470> was<00:13:54.709> not
reasons for that maybe the taste was not
reasons for that maybe the taste was not
good<00:13:55.130> now<00:13:55.279> the<00:13:55.339> taste<00:13:55.610> was<00:13:55.820> great<00:13:56.120> what<00:13:56.899> they
good now the taste was great what they
good now the taste was great what they
figured<00:13:57.320> out<00:13:57.589> was<00:13:57.649> that<00:13:58.430> there<00:13:58.670> was<00:13:58.850> not
figured out was that there was not
figured out was that there was not
enough<00:13:59.480> effort<00:13:59.810> involved<00:14:00.970> it<00:14:01.970> was<00:14:02.180> so<00:14:02.450> easy
enough effort involved it was so easy
enough effort involved it was so easy
that<00:14:03.020> nobody<00:14:03.380> could<00:14:03.620> serve<00:14:03.950> cake<00:14:04.399> to<00:14:04.610> their
that nobody could serve cake to their
that nobody could serve cake to their
guests<00:14:05.029> and<00:14:05.300> say<00:14:05.450> here<00:14:06.050> is<00:14:06.200> my<00:14:06.230> cake<00:14:06.649> no<00:14:07.640> no<00:14:07.850> it
guests and say here is my cake no no it
guests and say here is my cake no no it
was<00:14:08.060> somebody<00:14:08.360> else's<00:14:08.630> cake<00:14:08.899> it's<00:14:09.110> as<00:14:09.170> if<00:14:09.290> you
was somebody else's cake it's as if you
was somebody else's cake it's as if you
bought<00:14:09.709> it<00:14:09.890> in<00:14:10.010> the<00:14:10.040> store<00:14:10.180> we<00:14:11.180> didn't<00:14:11.540> really
bought it in the store we didn't really
bought it in the store we didn't really
feel<00:14:12.110> like<00:14:12.350> your<00:14:12.560> own<00:14:12.820> so<00:14:13.820> what<00:14:14.000> did<00:14:14.149> they<00:14:14.240> do
feel like your own so what did they do
feel like your own so what did they do
they<00:14:15.260> took<00:14:15.500> the<00:14:15.709> eggs<00:14:15.950> and<00:14:16.250> the<00:14:16.339> milk<00:14:16.520> out<00:14:16.820> of
they took the eggs and the milk out of
they took the eggs and the milk out of
the<00:14:17.420> powder<00:14:19.450> now<00:14:20.860> you<00:14:21.860> had<00:14:22.070> to<00:14:22.250> break<00:14:22.640> the<00:14:22.700> eggs
the powder now you had to break the eggs
the powder now you had to break the eggs
and<00:14:23.600> add<00:14:23.720> them<00:14:23.990> you<00:14:24.200> had<00:14:24.350> to<00:14:24.500> measure<00:14:24.709> the<00:14:24.860> milk
and add them you had to measure the milk
and add them you had to measure the milk
and<00:14:25.459> edit<00:14:25.870> mixing<00:14:26.870> it<00:14:26.990> now<00:14:27.350> it<00:14:27.529> was<00:14:27.649> your<00:14:27.709> cake
and edit mixing it now it was your cake
and edit mixing it now it was your cake
now<00:14:28.579> everything<00:14:28.970> was<00:14:29.060> fine
now<00:14:40.199> I<00:14:40.230> think<00:14:40.470> a<00:14:40.709> little<00:14:40.829> bit<00:14:40.980> like<00:14:41.129> the<00:14:41.309> key
now I think a little bit like the key
now I think a little bit like the key
effect<00:14:42.029> by<00:14:42.300> getting<00:14:42.660> people<00:14:42.959> to<00:14:43.110> work<00:14:43.290> harder
effect by getting people to work harder
effect by getting people to work harder
they<00:14:44.040> actually<00:14:44.610> got<00:14:44.819> them<00:14:45.029> to<00:14:45.209> love<00:14:45.449> what
they actually got them to love what
they actually got them to love what
they're<00:14:45.899> doing<00:14:45.959> to<00:14:46.439> a<00:14:46.470> higher<00:14:46.680> degree<00:14:47.329> so<00:14:48.329> how
they're doing to a higher degree so how
they're doing to a higher degree so how
do<00:14:48.509> we<00:14:48.660> look<00:14:48.779> at<00:14:48.930> this<00:14:49.019> question
do we look at this question
do we look at this question
experimentally<00:14:50.240> we<00:14:51.240> ask<00:14:51.420> people<00:14:51.629> to<00:14:51.899> build
experimentally we ask people to build
experimentally we ask people to build
some<00:14:52.319> origami<00:14:52.769> we<00:14:53.430> gave<00:14:53.610> them<00:14:53.759> instructions
some origami we gave them instructions
some origami we gave them instructions
to<00:14:54.509> how<00:14:54.749> to<00:14:54.809> create<00:14:55.290> origami<00:14:55.949> and<00:14:56.160> we<00:14:56.220> gave
to how to create origami and we gave
to how to create origami and we gave
them<00:14:56.490> a<00:14:56.610> sheet<00:14:56.759> of<00:14:56.879> paper<00:14:57.059> and<00:14:57.449> these<00:14:58.050> were<00:14:58.290> all
them a sheet of paper and these were all
them a sheet of paper and these were all
novices<00:14:59.100> and<00:14:59.399> they<00:14:59.879> built<00:15:00.120> something<00:15:00.389> that
novices and they built something that
novices and they built something that
was<00:15:00.779> really<00:15:01.050> quite<00:15:01.230> ugly
was really quite ugly
was really quite ugly
nothing<00:15:02.639> like<00:15:02.819> a<00:15:02.850> frog<00:15:03.300> or<00:15:03.540> a<00:15:03.660> crane<00:15:04.279> but<00:15:05.279> then
nothing like a frog or a crane but then
nothing like a frog or a crane but then
we<00:15:05.579> told<00:15:05.850> them<00:15:06.029> we<00:15:06.180> said<00:15:06.329> look<00:15:06.509> this<00:15:06.689> origami
we told them we said look this origami
we told them we said look this origami
really<00:15:07.499> belongs<00:15:07.829> to<00:15:08.009> us<00:15:08.129> you<00:15:08.399> worked<00:15:08.639> for<00:15:08.879> us
really belongs to us you worked for us
really belongs to us you worked for us
but<00:15:09.269> I'll<00:15:09.389> tell<00:15:09.540> you<00:15:09.689> what<00:15:09.870> we'll<00:15:10.139> sell<00:15:10.499> it<00:15:10.649> to
but I'll tell you what we'll sell it to
but I'll tell you what we'll sell it to
you<00:15:10.920> how<00:15:11.129> much<00:15:11.309> do<00:15:11.790> you<00:15:11.879> want<00:15:12.059> to<00:15:12.209> pay<00:15:12.420> for<00:15:12.449> it
you how much do you want to pay for it
you how much do you want to pay for it
and<00:15:13.110> we<00:15:13.949> measured<00:15:14.249> how<00:15:14.279> much<00:15:14.550> they<00:15:14.699> were
and we measured how much they were
and we measured how much they were
willing<00:15:14.879> to<00:15:15.059> pay<00:15:15.360> for<00:15:15.389> it<00:15:15.689> and<00:15:15.899> we<00:15:16.499> had<00:15:16.680> two
willing to pay for it and we had two
willing to pay for it and we had two
types<00:15:17.249> of<00:15:17.459> people<00:15:17.670> we<00:15:18.269> had<00:15:18.420> the<00:15:18.509> people<00:15:18.689> who
types of people we had the people who
types of people we had the people who
build<00:15:19.259> it<00:15:19.470> and<00:15:19.769> we<00:15:20.459> had<00:15:20.610> the<00:15:20.639> people<00:15:20.879> who<00:15:21.149> did
build it and we had the people who did
build it and we had the people who did
not<00:15:21.509> build<00:15:21.839> it<00:15:21.959> and<00:15:22.110> just<00:15:22.290> looked<00:15:22.589> at<00:15:22.740> it<00:15:22.860> as
not build it and just looked at it as
not build it and just looked at it as
external<00:15:23.879> observers<00:15:24.509> and<00:15:24.839> what<00:15:25.529> we<00:15:25.680> found
external observers and what we found
external observers and what we found
were<00:15:26.129> the<00:15:26.189> builders<00:15:26.819> thought<00:15:27.720> that<00:15:27.899> these
were the builders thought that these
were the builders thought that these
were<00:15:28.170> beautiful<00:15:28.439> pieces<00:15:29.040> of<00:15:29.160> origami<00:15:29.430> and
were beautiful pieces of origami and
were beautiful pieces of origami and
they<00:15:31.800> were<00:15:31.860> willing<00:15:32.069> to<00:15:32.309> pay<00:15:32.490> for<00:15:32.699> them<00:15:32.790> five
they were willing to pay for them five
they were willing to pay for them five
times<00:15:33.120> more<00:15:33.720> than<00:15:33.779> the<00:15:33.990> people<00:15:34.170> who<00:15:34.319> just
times more than the people who just
times more than the people who just
evaluated<00:15:35.430> them<00:15:35.519> externally<00:15:36.139> now<00:15:37.139> you<00:15:37.199> could
evaluated them externally now you could
evaluated them externally now you could
say<00:15:37.860> if<00:15:38.069> you<00:15:38.399> were<00:15:38.550> a<00:15:38.579> builder<00:15:39.230> do<00:15:40.230> you<00:15:40.410> think
say if you were a builder do you think
say if you were a builder do you think
that<00:15:40.920> oh<00:15:41.100> I<00:15:41.399> love<00:15:41.879> this<00:15:42.059> origami<00:15:42.410> but<00:15:43.410> I<00:15:43.439> know
that oh I love this origami but I know
that oh I love this origami but I know
that<00:15:43.920> nobody<00:15:44.249> else<00:15:44.399> would<00:15:44.639> love<00:15:44.879> it
that nobody else would love it
that nobody else would love it
or<00:15:46.559> do<00:15:46.980> you<00:15:47.100> think<00:15:47.160> I<00:15:47.579> love<00:15:47.970> this<00:15:48.179> origami<00:15:48.689> and
or do you think I love this origami and
or do you think I love this origami and
everybody<00:15:49.949> else<00:15:50.129> would<00:15:50.370> love<00:15:50.550> it<00:15:50.730> as<00:15:50.850> well
everybody else would love it as well
everybody else would love it as well
which<00:15:52.199> one<00:15:52.470> of<00:15:52.499> those<00:15:52.769> two<00:15:52.980> is<00:15:53.100> correct<00:15:53.670> turns
which one of those two is correct turns
which one of those two is correct turns
out<00:15:54.839> the<00:15:55.019> builders<00:15:55.470> not<00:15:55.740> only<00:15:56.160> love<00:15:56.370> the
out the builders not only love the
out the builders not only love the
origami<00:15:56.879> more<00:15:57.300> they<00:15:57.959> thought<00:15:58.230> that<00:15:58.379> everybody
origami more they thought that everybody
origami more they thought that everybody
will<00:15:59.279> see<00:15:59.519> the<00:15:59.670> world<00:15:59.910> in<00:16:00.329> their<00:16:00.689> view<00:16:00.959> they
will see the world in their view they
will see the world in their view they
thought<00:16:01.439> everybody<00:16:01.949> else<00:16:02.160> would<00:16:02.339> love<00:16:02.550> it
thought everybody else would love it
thought everybody else would love it
more<00:16:02.939> as<00:16:03.120> well<00:16:03.740> in<00:16:04.740> the<00:16:04.889> next<00:16:05.129> version<00:16:05.279> we<00:16:05.519> try
more as well in the next version we try
more as well in the next version we try
to<00:16:05.790> do<00:16:05.970> the<00:16:06.120> ickey<00:16:06.389> effect<00:16:06.779> we<00:16:07.050> try<00:16:07.259> to<00:16:07.319> make<00:16:07.589> it
to do the ickey effect we try to make it
to do the ickey effect we try to make it
more<00:16:07.920> difficult<00:16:08.459> so<00:16:09.329> for<00:16:09.509> some<00:16:09.660> people<00:16:09.990> we
more difficult so for some people we
more difficult so for some people we
gave<00:16:10.319> the<00:16:10.589> same<00:16:10.769> task<00:16:11.029> for<00:16:12.029> some<00:16:12.209> people<00:16:12.509> we
gave the same task for some people we
gave the same task for some people we
made<00:16:12.809> it<00:16:12.929> harder<00:16:13.470> by<00:16:14.009> hiding<00:16:14.639> the
made it harder by hiding the
made it harder by hiding the
instructions<00:16:15.480> at<00:16:16.170> the<00:16:16.319> top<00:16:16.529> of<00:16:16.679> the<00:16:16.800> sheet<00:16:16.980> we
instructions at the top of the sheet we
instructions at the top of the sheet we
had<00:16:17.339> little<00:16:17.610> diagrams<00:16:18.209> of<00:16:18.360> how<00:16:18.720> do<00:16:18.779> you<00:16:19.019> fold
had little diagrams of how do you fold
had little diagrams of how do you fold
origami<00:16:19.620> for<00:16:20.610> some<00:16:20.819> people<00:16:21.089> we<00:16:21.209> just
origami for some people we just
origami for some people we just
eliminated<00:16:22.050> that<00:16:22.319> so<00:16:23.309> now<00:16:23.429> this<00:16:23.579> was<00:16:23.790> tougher
eliminated that so now this was tougher
eliminated that so now this was tougher
what<00:16:25.079> happened<00:16:25.470> well<00:16:26.279> in<00:16:26.429> an<00:16:26.519> objective<00:16:27.120> way
what happened well in an objective way
what happened well in an objective way
the<00:16:28.379> origami<00:16:28.740> now<00:16:28.980> was<00:16:29.189> uglier<00:16:29.670> was<00:16:30.660> more
the origami now was uglier was more
the origami now was uglier was more
difficult<00:16:31.279> now<00:16:32.279> when<00:16:32.429> we<00:16:32.550> looked<00:16:32.730> at<00:16:32.879> the<00:16:32.970> easy
difficult now when we looked at the easy
difficult now when we looked at the easy
origami<00:16:33.449> we<00:16:34.019> saw<00:16:34.199> the<00:16:34.259> same<00:16:34.499> thing<00:16:34.559> builder
origami we saw the same thing builder
origami we saw the same thing builder
loved<00:16:35.730> it<00:16:35.910> more<00:16:36.149> evaluators<00:16:37.079> loved<00:16:37.439> it<00:16:37.589> less
loved it more evaluators loved it less
loved it more evaluators loved it less
when<00:16:38.579> you<00:16:38.699> looked<00:16:38.879> at<00:16:39.059> the<00:16:39.149> hard<00:16:39.509> instructions
when you looked at the hard instructions
when you looked at the hard instructions
the<00:16:40.740> effect<00:16:41.100> was<00:16:41.929> larger<00:16:42.929> why<00:16:43.699> because<00:16:44.699> now
the effect was larger why because now
the effect was larger why because now
the<00:16:45.569> builders<00:16:46.050> loved<00:16:46.410> it<00:16:46.589> even<00:16:46.740> more
the builders loved it even more
the builders loved it even more
they<00:16:48.900> put<00:16:49.140> all<00:16:49.380> this<00:16:49.560> extra<00:16:50.100> effort<00:16:50.250> into<00:16:50.790> it
they put all this extra effort into it
they put all this extra effort into it
and<00:16:51.230> evaluators<00:16:52.490> they<00:16:53.490> loved<00:16:53.760> it<00:16:53.910> even<00:16:54.089> less
and evaluators they loved it even less
and evaluators they loved it even less
because<00:16:55.020> in<00:16:55.350> reality<00:16:55.800> it<00:16:55.890> was<00:16:55.950> even<00:16:56.339> uglier
because in reality it was even uglier
because in reality it was even uglier
than<00:16:56.850> the<00:16:57.540> first<00:16:57.779> version<00:16:58.190> of<00:16:59.570> course<00:17:00.570> this
than the first version of course this
than the first version of course this
tells<00:17:01.140> you<00:17:01.380> about<00:17:01.410> something<00:17:02.100> about<00:17:02.339> how<00:17:02.520> we
tells you about something about how we
tells you about something about how we
evaluate<00:17:02.970> things<00:17:04.010> now<00:17:05.010> think<00:17:05.250> about<00:17:05.430> kids
evaluate things now think about kids
evaluate things now think about kids
imagine<00:17:07.650> I<00:17:07.709> asked<00:17:07.980> you<00:17:08.040> how<00:17:08.339> much<00:17:08.550> would<00:17:08.760> you
imagine I asked you how much would you
imagine I asked you how much would you
sell<00:17:09.120> your<00:17:09.360> kids<00:17:09.630> for<00:17:10.430> write<00:17:11.430> your<00:17:12.000> memories
sell your kids for write your memories
sell your kids for write your memories
and<00:17:12.959> Association<00:17:13.620> and<00:17:13.770> so<00:17:13.920> most<00:17:14.220> people<00:17:14.490> would
and Association and so most people would
and Association and so most people would
say<00:17:14.699> for<00:17:14.970> a<00:17:15.000> lot<00:17:15.240> a<00:17:15.270> lot<00:17:15.480> of<00:17:15.660> money<00:17:16.430> on<00:17:17.430> good
say for a lot a lot of money on good
say for a lot a lot of money on good
days<00:17:19.610> but<00:17:20.610> imagine<00:17:21.030> this<00:17:21.150> was<00:17:21.329> slightly
days but imagine this was slightly
days but imagine this was slightly
different<00:17:22.079> imagine<00:17:22.439> you<00:17:22.530> did<00:17:22.679> not<00:17:22.800> have<00:17:22.980> your
different imagine you did not have your
different imagine you did not have your
kids<00:17:23.490> and<00:17:23.819> one<00:17:24.300> day<00:17:24.449> you<00:17:24.510> went<00:17:24.780> to<00:17:24.870> the<00:17:24.990> park
kids and one day you went to the park
kids and one day you went to the park
and<00:17:25.620> you<00:17:25.829> played<00:17:26.069> you<00:17:26.370> met<00:17:26.550> some<00:17:26.730> kids<00:17:27.030> and
and you played you met some kids and
and you played you met some kids and
they<00:17:27.209> were<00:17:27.300> just<00:17:27.510> like<00:17:27.630> your<00:17:27.809> kids<00:17:28.110> and<00:17:28.290> you
they were just like your kids and you
they were just like your kids and you
played<00:17:28.620> with<00:17:28.770> in<00:17:28.890> for<00:17:29.040> a<00:17:29.100> few<00:17:29.280> hours<00:17:29.309> and<00:17:29.790> when
played with in for a few hours and when
played with in for a few hours and when
you're<00:17:30.750> about<00:17:30.990> to<00:17:31.050> leave<00:17:31.260> the<00:17:31.800> parent<00:17:32.130> said
you're about to leave the parent said
you're about to leave the parent said
hey<00:17:32.429> babe<00:17:32.670> by<00:17:32.910> the<00:17:32.970> way<00:17:33.120> just<00:17:33.480> before<00:17:33.630> you
hey babe by the way just before you
hey babe by the way just before you
leave<00:17:34.080> if<00:17:34.230> you're<00:17:34.350> interested<00:17:34.830> you're<00:17:35.429> for
leave if you're interested you're for
leave if you're interested you're for
sale<00:17:38.150> how<00:17:39.150> much<00:17:39.390> would<00:17:39.570> you<00:17:39.600> pay<00:17:39.750> for<00:17:39.929> them<00:17:40.290> now
sale how much would you pay for them now
sale how much would you pay for them now
most<00:17:42.059> people<00:17:42.360> say<00:17:42.480> not<00:17:42.690> that<00:17:42.750> much<00:17:43.250> now<00:17:44.250> and
most people say not that much now and
most people say not that much now and
this<00:17:44.940> is<00:17:45.090> because<00:17:45.540> our<00:17:45.870> kids<00:17:46.670> are<00:17:47.670> so<00:17:48.030> valuable
this is because our kids are so valuable
this is because our kids are so valuable
not<00:17:49.050> just<00:17:49.080> because<00:17:49.559> of<00:17:49.590> who<00:17:49.860> they<00:17:50.100> are<00:17:50.130> but
not just because of who they are but
not just because of who they are but
because<00:17:51.480> of<00:17:51.780> us<00:17:52.230> because<00:17:52.740> they<00:17:53.070> are<00:17:53.130> so
because of us because they are so
because of us because they are so
connected<00:17:53.610> to<00:17:54.420> us<00:17:54.600> and<00:17:54.900> because<00:17:55.200> of<00:17:55.230> the<00:17:55.470> time
connected to us and because of the time
connected to us and because of the time
and<00:17:56.220> connection<00:17:57.059> and<00:17:57.240> by<00:17:57.690> the<00:17:57.750> way<00:17:57.900> if<00:17:57.990> you
and connection and by the way if you
and connection and by the way if you
think<00:17:58.140> that<00:17:58.470> akia<00:17:58.860> instructions<00:17:59.820> are<00:17:59.940> not
think that akia instructions are not
think that akia instructions are not
good<00:18:00.300> think<00:18:00.540> about<00:18:00.720> the<00:18:00.840> instructions<00:18:01.260> that
good think about the instructions that
good think about the instructions that
come<00:18:01.440> with<00:18:01.500> kids<00:18:01.890> those<00:18:02.520> are<00:18:02.700> really<00:18:02.820> tough<00:18:03.740> by
come with kids those are really tough by
come with kids those are really tough by
the<00:18:04.800> way<00:18:04.890> these<00:18:05.010> are<00:18:05.190> these<00:18:05.340> are<00:18:05.460> my<00:18:05.580> kids
the way these are these are my kids
the way these are these are my kids
which<00:18:06.660> of<00:18:06.809> course<00:18:06.840> are<00:18:07.200> wonderful<00:18:07.620> and<00:18:07.980> so<00:18:08.460> on
which of course are wonderful and so on
which of course are wonderful and so on
which<00:18:09.179> counts<00:18:09.540> to<00:18:09.630> tell<00:18:09.809> you<00:18:09.960> one<00:18:10.140> more<00:18:10.170> thing
which counts to tell you one more thing
which counts to tell you one more thing
which<00:18:10.710> is<00:18:11.010> much<00:18:11.880> like<00:18:12.150> our<00:18:12.330> builders<00:18:12.900> when
which is much like our builders when
which is much like our builders when
they<00:18:13.800> look<00:18:14.130> at<00:18:14.280> the<00:18:14.520> creature<00:18:14.790> of<00:18:15.150> their
they look at the creature of their
they look at the creature of their
creation<00:18:16.460> we<00:18:17.460> don't<00:18:17.760> see<00:18:18.210> that<00:18:18.360> other<00:18:18.600> people
creation we don't see that other people
creation we don't see that other people
don't<00:18:19.230> see<00:18:19.380> things<00:18:19.770> our<00:18:20.010> way<00:18:21.650> let<00:18:22.650> me<00:18:22.679> say<00:18:22.770> one
don't see things our way let me say one
don't see things our way let me say one
last<00:18:23.309> comment<00:18:24.260> if<00:18:25.260> you<00:18:25.440> think<00:18:25.650> about<00:18:25.740> Adam
last comment if you think about Adam
last comment if you think about Adam
Smith<00:18:26.490> versus<00:18:27.059> Karl<00:18:27.300> Marx<00:18:28.280> anam<00:18:29.280> Smith<00:18:29.610> had
Smith versus Karl Marx anam Smith had
Smith versus Karl Marx anam Smith had
the<00:18:29.970> very<00:18:30.360> important<00:18:30.990> notion<00:18:31.380> of<00:18:31.470> efficiency
the very important notion of efficiency
the very important notion of efficiency
he<00:18:32.880> gave<00:18:33.090> an<00:18:33.300> example<00:18:33.840> of<00:18:33.929> a<00:18:34.020> pin<00:18:34.260> Factory<00:18:34.950> he
he gave an example of a pin Factory he
he gave an example of a pin Factory he
said<00:18:35.790> pins<00:18:36.150> have<00:18:36.690> 12<00:18:37.080> different<00:18:37.320> steps<00:18:37.830> and<00:18:38.160> if
said pins have 12 different steps and if
said pins have 12 different steps and if
one<00:18:38.970> person<00:18:39.360> does<00:18:39.600> all<00:18:39.870> 12<00:18:40.200> steps<00:18:40.400> production
one person does all 12 steps production
one person does all 12 steps production
is<00:18:41.520> very<00:18:41.610> low<00:18:42.030> but<00:18:42.990> if<00:18:43.140> you<00:18:43.290> get<00:18:43.470> one<00:18:43.770> person<00:18:44.100> to
is very low but if you get one person to
is very low but if you get one person to
do<00:18:44.490> step<00:18:44.790> one<00:18:45.030> and<00:18:45.210> one<00:18:45.360> person<00:18:45.690> to<00:18:45.780> do<00:18:45.840> step
do step one and one person to do step
do step one and one person to do step
two<00:18:46.290> and<00:18:46.410> step<00:18:46.470> three<00:18:46.679> and<00:18:46.980> so<00:18:47.130> on
two and step three and so on
two and step three and so on
production<00:18:48.450> can<00:18:48.630> increase<00:18:49.080> tremendously<00:18:49.800> and
production can increase tremendously and
production can increase tremendously and
indeed<00:18:50.910> this<00:18:51.150> is<00:18:51.270> a<00:18:51.300> great<00:18:51.540> example<00:18:52.050> and<00:18:52.170> the
indeed this is a great example and the
indeed this is a great example and the
reason<00:18:52.620> for<00:18:52.650> the<00:18:53.040> Industrial<00:18:54.030> Revolution<00:18:54.090> and
reason for the Industrial Revolution and
reason for the Industrial Revolution and
the<00:18:54.750> efficiency<00:18:55.550> Karl<00:18:56.550> Marx<00:18:56.880> on<00:18:56.970> the<00:18:57.060> other
the efficiency Karl Marx on the other
the efficiency Karl Marx on the other
hand<00:18:57.510> said<00:18:58.260> that<00:18:58.440> the<00:18:58.530> alienation<00:18:59.040> of<00:18:59.340> Labor
hand said that the alienation of Labor
hand said that the alienation of Labor
is<00:18:59.880> incredibly<00:19:00.330> important
is incredibly important
is incredibly important
and<00:19:01.520> how<00:19:01.790> people<00:19:02.180> think<00:19:02.450> about<00:19:02.660> the
and how people think about the
and how people think about the
connection<00:19:03.650> to<00:19:03.770> what<00:19:03.920> they're<00:19:04.070> doing<00:19:04.370> and<00:19:04.580> if
connection to what they're doing and if
connection to what they're doing and if
you<00:19:05.210> make<00:19:05.480> all<00:19:05.750> 12<00:19:06.110> steps<00:19:06.290> you<00:19:06.680> care<00:19:06.980> about<00:19:07.220> the
you make all 12 steps you care about the
you make all 12 steps you care about the
pin<00:19:07.610> but<00:19:08.330> if<00:19:08.450> you<00:19:08.540> make<00:19:08.750> one<00:19:09.020> step<00:19:09.350> every<00:19:09.710> time
pin but if you make one step every time
pin but if you make one step every time
maybe<00:19:10.130> you<00:19:10.280> don't<00:19:10.520> care<00:19:10.760> as<00:19:10.940> much<00:19:11.590> and<00:19:12.590> I<00:19:12.800> think
maybe you don't care as much and I think
maybe you don't care as much and I think
that<00:19:13.430> in<00:19:13.670> the<00:19:13.850> Industrial<00:19:14.300> Revolution
that in the Industrial Revolution
that in the Industrial Revolution
Adam<00:19:15.710> Smith<00:19:15.980> was<00:19:16.250> more<00:19:16.490> correct<00:19:16.850> than<00:19:16.970> Karl
Adam Smith was more correct than Karl
Adam Smith was more correct than Karl
Marx<00:19:17.690> but<00:19:18.650> the<00:19:18.800> reality<00:19:19.310> that<00:19:19.580> we've<00:19:20.240> switched
Marx but the reality that we've switched
Marx but the reality that we've switched
and<00:19:21.500> now<00:19:21.680> in<00:19:21.920> the<00:19:22.040> knowledge<00:19:22.250> economy<00:19:22.540> and<00:19:23.540> you
and now in the knowledge economy and you
and now in the knowledge economy and you
can<00:19:23.750> ask<00:19:23.900> yourself<00:19:24.170> what<00:19:24.350> happens<00:19:24.770> in<00:19:24.890> the
can ask yourself what happens in the
can ask yourself what happens in the
knowledge<00:19:25.130> economy<00:19:25.370> is<00:19:26.090> is<00:19:26.780> efficiency<00:19:27.740> still
knowledge economy is is efficiency still
knowledge economy is is efficiency still
more<00:19:28.220> important<00:19:28.670> and<00:19:28.790> meaning<00:19:29.120> I<00:19:29.360> think<00:19:29.630> the
more important and meaning I think the
more important and meaning I think the
answer<00:19:30.290> is<00:19:30.320> no<00:19:30.500> I<00:19:30.950> think<00:19:31.190> that<00:19:31.280> as<00:19:31.490> we<00:19:31.520> move<00:19:31.730> to
answer is no I think that as we move to
answer is no I think that as we move to
situation<00:19:33.290> in<00:19:33.380> which<00:19:33.530> people<00:19:33.920> have<00:19:34.160> to<00:19:35.150> decide
situation in which people have to decide
situation in which people have to decide
on<00:19:35.900> their<00:19:36.020> own<00:19:36.080> about<00:19:36.560> how<00:19:36.740> much<00:19:36.890> effort
on their own about how much effort
on their own about how much effort
attention<00:19:38.210> caring<00:19:38.750> how<00:19:38.960> connected<00:19:39.440> they<00:19:39.560> feel
attention caring how connected they feel
attention caring how connected they feel
to<00:19:39.950> it<00:19:40.070> are<00:19:40.460> they<00:19:40.790> thinking<00:19:41.210> about<00:19:41.330> labor<00:19:41.840> on
to it are they thinking about labor on
to it are they thinking about labor on
the<00:19:42.110> way<00:19:42.380> to<00:19:42.440> work<00:19:42.830> and<00:19:42.980> in<00:19:43.130> the<00:19:43.220> shower<00:19:43.430> and<00:19:43.610> so
the way to work and in the shower and so
the way to work and in the shower and so
on<00:19:43.940> all<00:19:44.270> of<00:19:44.720> a<00:19:44.810> sudden<00:19:45.610> mark<00:19:46.610> has<00:19:46.880> more<00:19:47.090> things
on all of a sudden mark has more things
on all of a sudden mark has more things
to<00:19:47.450> say<00:19:47.630> to<00:19:47.690> us<00:19:48.040> so<00:19:49.040> when<00:19:49.190> we<00:19:49.310> think<00:19:49.460> about
to say to us so when we think about
to say to us so when we think about
labor<00:19:50.060> we<00:19:50.330> usually<00:19:50.720> think<00:19:50.960> about<00:19:51.050> motivation
labor we usually think about motivation
labor we usually think about motivation
and<00:19:52.010> payment<00:19:52.430> is<00:19:52.520> the<00:19:52.550> same<00:19:52.880> thing<00:19:53.180> but<00:19:53.900> the
and payment is the same thing but the
and payment is the same thing but the
reality<00:19:54.200> is<00:19:54.500> that<00:19:54.740> you<00:19:54.830> should<00:19:55.040> probably<00:19:55.310> add
reality is that you should probably add
reality is that you should probably add
all<00:19:55.940> kinds<00:19:56.000> of<00:19:56.510> things<00:19:56.570> to<00:19:56.960> it<00:19:57.140> meaning
all kinds of things to it meaning
all kinds of things to it meaning
creation<00:19:57.890> challenges<00:19:58.880> ownership<00:19:59.390> identity
creation challenges ownership identity
creation challenges ownership identity
pride<00:20:00.680> etc<00:20:01.370> and<00:20:01.760> the<00:20:02.090> good<00:20:02.270> news<00:20:02.540> is<00:20:02.570> that<00:20:02.870> if
pride etc and the good news is that if
pride etc and the good news is that if
we<00:20:03.140> added<00:20:03.530> all<00:20:03.650> of<00:20:03.770> those<00:20:03.920> components<00:20:04.700> and
we added all of those components and
we added all of those components and
thought<00:20:05.150> about<00:20:05.180> them<00:20:05.690> how<00:20:06.320> do<00:20:06.380> we<00:20:06.560> create<00:20:06.890> our
thought about them how do we create our
thought about them how do we create our
own<00:20:07.280> meaning<00:20:08.060> pride<00:20:08.510> motivation<00:20:09.260> and<00:20:09.500> how<00:20:09.950> do
own meaning pride motivation and how do
own meaning pride motivation and how do
we<00:20:10.160> do<00:20:10.370> it<00:20:10.490> for<00:20:10.700> in<00:20:10.790> our<00:20:10.880> workplace<00:20:11.540> and<00:20:11.810> for
we do it for in our workplace and for
we do it for in our workplace and for
the<00:20:12.080> employees<00:20:12.470> I<00:20:12.710> think<00:20:12.980> we<00:20:13.340> could<00:20:13.520> get
the employees I think we could get
the employees I think we could get
people<00:20:13.820> to<00:20:14.030> both<00:20:14.300> be<00:20:14.810> more<00:20:15.020> productive<00:20:15.290> and
people to both be more productive and
people to both be more productive and
happier<00:20:16.400> and<00:20:16.820> thank<00:20:17.090> you<00:20:17.180> very<00:20:17.210> much
happier and thank you very much
happier and thank you very much
[Applause]
Dan Ariely, work, career, job, behavioral economics, ted, ed-ed, tedx, ted-ed, ted ed, tededucation
