Khảo cổ học từ không gian-Sarah Parcak

Archeology from space - Sarah Parcak
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Archeology from space - Sarah Parcak

 


when<00:00:16.480> I<00:00:16.600> was<00:00:16.720> a<00:00:16.880> child<00:00:17.199> growing<00:00:17.520> up<00:00:17.680> in<00:00:17.840> Maine
when I was a child growing up in Maine when I was a child growing up in Maine one<00:00:18.600> of<00:00:18.760> my<00:00:19.000> favorite<00:00:19.359> things<00:00:19.600> to<00:00:19.800> do<00:00:20.439> was<00:00:20.600> to one of my favorite things to do was to one of my favorite things to do was to look<00:00:20.880> for<00:00:21.080> sand<00:00:21.519> dollars<00:00:21.920> on<00:00:22.039> the<00:00:22.160> seash look for sand dollars on the seash look for sand dollars on the seash shores<00:00:22.680> of<00:00:22.840> Maine<00:00:23.560> because<00:00:23.800> my<00:00:24.039> parents<00:00:24.400> told shores of Maine because my parents told shores of Maine because my parents told me<00:00:24.760> it<00:00:24.840> would<00:00:25.000> bring<00:00:25.199> me<00:00:25.439> luck<00:00:26.320> but<00:00:26.439> you<00:00:26.560> know me it would bring me luck but you know me it would bring me luck but you know these<00:00:27.480> shells<00:00:27.840> they're<00:00:28.039> hard<00:00:28.240> to<00:00:28.439> find these shells they're hard to find these shells they're hard to find they're<00:00:29.199> covered<00:00:29.480> in<00:00:29.640> sand<00:00:30.160> they're they're covered in sand they're they're covered in sand they're difficult<00:00:30.800> to<00:00:31.279> see<00:00:32.279> however<00:00:33.040> over<00:00:33.480> time<00:00:34.239> I<00:00:34.360> got difficult to see however over time I got difficult to see however over time I got used<00:00:34.680> to<00:00:34.840> looking<00:00:35.120> for<00:00:35.320> them<00:00:35.640> I<00:00:35.719> started used to looking for them I started used to looking for them I started seeing<00:00:36.360> shapes<00:00:37.160> and<00:00:37.440> patterns<00:00:38.360> that<00:00:38.520> helped seeing shapes and patterns that helped seeing shapes and patterns that helped me<00:00:38.840> to<00:00:39.040> collect me to collect me to collect them<00:00:41.239> this<00:00:41.480> this<00:00:41.640> grew<00:00:41.960> into<00:00:42.280> a<00:00:42.520> passion<00:00:42.840> for them this this grew into a passion for them this this grew into a passion for finding<00:00:43.600> things<00:00:44.440> a<00:00:44.600> love<00:00:44.800> for<00:00:44.960> the<00:00:45.160> past<00:00:45.399> in finding things a love for the past in finding things a love for the past in archaeology<00:00:46.920> and<00:00:47.239> eventually<00:00:47.960> when<00:00:48.079> I archaeology and eventually when I archaeology and eventually when I started<00:00:48.520> studying<00:00:49.199> egyptology<00:00:50.199> I<00:00:50.320> realized started studying egyptology I realized started studying egyptology I realized that<00:00:51.079> that<00:00:51.199> seeing<00:00:51.600> with<00:00:51.760> my<00:00:51.920> Naked<00:00:52.239> Eyes that that seeing with my Naked Eyes that that seeing with my Naked Eyes alone<00:00:53.359> wasn't<00:00:53.719> enough<00:00:54.680> because<00:00:55.039> all<00:00:55.199> of<00:00:55.320> a alone wasn't enough because all of a alone wasn't enough because all of a sudden<00:00:56.120> in<00:00:56.559> Egypt<00:00:57.559> my<00:00:57.879> beach<00:00:58.800> had<00:00:58.960> grown<00:00:59.280> from sudden in Egypt my beach had grown from sudden in Egypt my beach had grown from a<00:00:59.519> tiny<00:01:00.120> in<00:01:00.239> Maine<00:01:01.039> to<00:01:01.239> one<00:01:01.480> 800<00:01:02.079> M<00:01:02.480> long<00:01:03.199> next a tiny in Maine to one 800 M long next a tiny in Maine to one 800 M long next to<00:01:03.559> the<00:01:03.760> Nile<00:01:04.760> and<00:01:04.920> my<00:01:05.040> sand<00:01:05.400> dollars<00:01:05.960> had to the Nile and my sand dollars had to the Nile and my sand dollars had grown<00:01:06.880> to<00:01:07.080> the<00:01:07.240> size<00:01:07.439> of grown to the size of grown to the size of cities<00:01:09.799> this<00:01:09.920> is<00:01:10.080> really<00:01:10.320> what<00:01:10.479> brought<00:01:10.680> me<00:01:10.840> to cities this is really what brought me to cities this is really what brought me to using<00:01:11.400> satellite<00:01:11.840> imagery<00:01:12.600> for<00:01:12.880> trying<00:01:13.119> to using satellite imagery for trying to using satellite imagery for trying to map<00:01:13.560> the<00:01:13.720> past<00:01:14.040> I<00:01:14.119> knew<00:01:14.360> that<00:01:14.520> I<00:01:14.720> had<00:01:14.840> to<00:01:15.119> see map the past I knew that I had to see map the past I knew that I had to see differently<00:01:17.240> so<00:01:17.400> I<00:01:17.479> want<00:01:17.640> to<00:01:17.720> show<00:01:17.880> you<00:01:18.000> an differently so I want to show you an differently so I want to show you an example<00:01:18.799> of<00:01:19.000> how<00:01:19.159> we<00:01:19.280> see<00:01:19.759> differently<00:01:20.560> using example of how we see differently using example of how we see differently using the<00:01:21.159> infrared<00:01:22.159> this<00:01:22.280> is<00:01:22.400> a<00:01:22.560> site<00:01:22.880> located<00:01:23.400> in the infrared this is a site located in the infrared this is a site located in the<00:01:23.680> eastern<00:01:24.119> Egyptian<00:01:24.520> Delta<00:01:25.200> called the eastern Egyptian Delta called the eastern Egyptian Delta called Mendy's<00:01:26.479> and<00:01:26.640> the<00:01:26.840> site<00:01:27.320> visibly<00:01:28.079> appears Mendy's and the site visibly appears Mendy's and the site visibly appears brown<00:01:29.439> but<00:01:29.680> when<00:01:29.960> we<00:01:30.079> use<00:01:30.280> the<00:01:30.680> infrared<00:01:31.680> and brown but when we use the infrared and brown but when we use the infrared and we<00:01:32.159> process<00:01:32.640> it<00:01:33.119> all<00:01:33.280> of<00:01:33.399> a<00:01:33.560> sudden<00:01:34.280> using we process it all of a sudden using we process it all of a sudden using false<00:01:35.040> color<00:01:35.840> the<00:01:36.000> site<00:01:36.240> appears<00:01:36.560> as<00:01:36.759> bright false color the site appears as bright false color the site appears as bright pink<00:01:38.079> what<00:01:38.200> you<00:01:38.320> are<00:01:38.520> seeing<00:01:39.320> are<00:01:39.560> the<00:01:39.759> actual pink what you are seeing are the actual pink what you are seeing are the actual chemical<00:01:40.840> changes<00:01:41.320> to<00:01:41.479> the<00:01:41.840> landscape<00:01:42.840> caused chemical changes to the landscape caused chemical changes to the landscape caused by<00:01:43.840> the<00:01:43.920> building<00:01:44.320> materials<00:01:45.119> and<00:01:45.360> activities by the building materials and activities by the building materials and activities of<00:01:46.320> the<00:01:46.439> ancient of the ancient of the ancient Egyptians<00:01:48.719> what<00:01:48.840> I<00:01:48.920> want<00:01:49.079> to<00:01:49.200> share<00:01:49.439> with<00:01:49.560> you Egyptians what I want to share with you Egyptians what I want to share with you today<00:01:50.920> is<00:01:51.079> how<00:01:51.280> we've<00:01:51.560> used<00:01:52.040> satellite<00:01:52.640> data today is how we've used satellite data today is how we've used satellite data to<00:01:53.920> find<00:01:54.280> an<00:01:54.479> ancient<00:01:54.920> Egyptian<00:01:55.399> city<00:01:56.119> called to find an ancient Egyptian city called to find an ancient Egyptian city called it<00:01:56.759> ta<00:01:57.759> missing<00:01:58.119> for<00:01:58.399> thousands<00:01:58.799> of<00:01:59.039> years it ta missing for thousands of years it ta missing for thousands of years itawi<00:02:01.079> was<00:02:01.439> ancient<00:02:01.840> Egypt's<00:02:02.360> capital<00:02:02.960> for itawi was ancient Egypt's capital for itawi was ancient Egypt's capital for over<00:02:03.439> 400<00:02:04.039> years<00:02:04.600> at<00:02:04.719> a<00:02:04.840> period<00:02:05.119> of<00:02:05.280> time over 400 years at a period of time over 400 years at a period of time called<00:02:05.719> the<00:02:05.840> Middle<00:02:06.159> Kingdom<00:02:07.039> about<00:02:07.280> 4,000 called the Middle Kingdom about 4,000 called the Middle Kingdom about 4,000 years<00:02:08.119> ago<00:02:08.959> the<00:02:09.119> site<00:02:09.440> is<00:02:09.720> located<00:02:10.360> in<00:02:10.520> the years ago the site is located in the years ago the site is located in the fume<00:02:11.120> of<00:02:11.280> Egypt<00:02:11.840> and<00:02:11.959> the<00:02:12.080> site's<00:02:12.360> really fume of Egypt and the site's really fume of Egypt and the site's really important<00:02:12.920> because<00:02:13.080> in<00:02:13.200> the<00:02:13.280> Middle<00:02:13.599> Kingdom important because in the Middle Kingdom important because in the Middle Kingdom this<00:02:14.319> was<00:02:14.480> this<00:02:14.720> great<00:02:14.959> Renaissance<00:02:15.599> for this was this great Renaissance for this was this great Renaissance for ancient<00:02:16.239> Egyptian<00:02:16.720> art<00:02:17.599> architecture<00:02:18.519> and ancient Egyptian art architecture and ancient Egyptian art architecture and religion<00:02:20.120> egyptologists<00:02:20.840> have<00:02:21.080> always<00:02:21.360> known religion egyptologists have always known religion egyptologists have always known the<00:02:22.040> site<00:02:22.239> of<00:02:22.360> ITA<00:02:22.920> was<00:02:23.120> located<00:02:23.640> somewhere the site of ITA was located somewhere the site of ITA was located somewhere near<00:02:24.800> the<00:02:25.040> pyramids<00:02:25.800> of<00:02:25.959> the<00:02:26.040> two<00:02:26.239> kings<00:02:26.519> who near the pyramids of the two kings who near the pyramids of the two kings who built<00:02:26.920> it<00:02:27.360> indicated<00:02:27.959> within<00:02:28.239> the<00:02:28.400> red built it indicated within the red built it indicated within the red circles<00:02:29.120> here<00:02:29.920> but<00:02:30.120> somewhere<00:02:30.800> within<00:02:31.120> this circles here but somewhere within this circles here but somewhere within this massive<00:02:31.599> flood<00:02:31.840> plane<00:02:32.239> this<00:02:32.360> area<00:02:32.599> is<00:02:32.840> huge massive flood plane this area is huge massive flood plane this area is huge it's<00:02:33.720> 4<00:02:34.040> mil<00:02:34.480> by<00:02:34.680> 3<00:02:35.000> mil<00:02:35.400> in<00:02:35.640> size<00:02:36.560> now<00:02:36.720> the<00:02:36.800> Nile it's 4 mil by 3 mil in size now the Nile it's 4 mil by 3 mil in size now the Nile used<00:02:37.239> to<00:02:37.319> flow<00:02:37.640> right<00:02:37.800> next<00:02:38.040> to<00:02:38.160> the<00:02:38.239> city<00:02:38.440> of used to flow right next to the city of used to flow right next to the city of itawi<00:02:39.480> and<00:02:39.640> as<00:02:39.760> it<00:02:39.920> shifted<00:02:40.319> and<00:02:40.440> changed<00:02:40.840> and itawi and as it shifted and changed and itawi and as it shifted and changed and moved<00:02:41.319> over<00:02:41.680> time<00:02:42.040> to<00:02:42.200> the<00:02:42.400> east<00:02:42.959> it<00:02:43.120> covered moved over time to the east it covered moved over time to the east it covered over<00:02:43.680> the<00:02:43.879> city<00:02:45.040> so<00:02:46.040> how<00:02:46.159> do<00:02:46.319> you<00:02:46.560> find<00:02:47.239> a over the city so how do you find a over the city so how do you find a buried<00:02:47.920> city<00:02:48.640> in<00:02:48.760> a<00:02:49.000> vast<00:02:49.720> landscape<00:02:50.720> finding buried city in a vast landscape finding buried city in a vast landscape finding it<00:02:51.200> randomly<00:02:51.680> would<00:02:51.800> be<00:02:51.959> the<00:02:52.280> equivalent<00:02:53.280> of it randomly would be the equivalent of it randomly would be the equivalent of locating<00:02:53.879> a<00:02:53.959> needle<00:02:54.200> and<00:02:54.319> a<00:02:54.440> hay<00:02:54.680> stack locating a needle and a hay stack locating a needle and a hay stack blindfolded<00:02:55.560> wearing<00:02:55.840> baseball blindfolded wearing baseball blindfolded wearing baseball mitts<00:02:58.200> so<00:02:58.440> what<00:02:58.560> we<00:02:58.760> did<00:02:59.120> is<00:02:59.280> we<00:02:59.400> used<00:02:59.840> NASA mitts so what we did is we used NASA mitts so what we did is we used NASA topography<00:03:00.840> data<00:03:01.360> to<00:03:01.599> map<00:03:01.800> out<00:03:01.920> the<00:03:02.080> landscape topography data to map out the landscape topography data to map out the landscape very<00:03:03.040> subtle<00:03:03.560> changes<00:03:04.560> we<00:03:04.640> were<00:03:04.799> started<00:03:05.159> to very subtle changes we were started to very subtle changes we were started to be<00:03:05.519> able<00:03:05.680> to<00:03:05.799> see<00:03:05.959> where<00:03:06.080> the<00:03:06.200> Nile<00:03:06.519> used<00:03:06.720> to be able to see where the Nile used to be able to see where the Nile used to flow<00:03:08.239> which<00:03:08.360> you<00:03:08.480> can<00:03:08.560> see<00:03:08.720> in<00:03:08.799> more<00:03:08.959> detail flow which you can see in more detail flow which you can see in more detail and<00:03:09.560> even<00:03:09.840> more<00:03:10.159> interesting<00:03:11.080> this<00:03:11.360> very and even more interesting this very and even more interesting this very slight<00:03:11.959> raised<00:03:12.400> area<00:03:13.040> seen<00:03:13.360> within<00:03:13.599> the slight raised area seen within the slight raised area seen within the circle<00:03:14.080> appeared<00:03:14.440> which<00:03:14.560> we<00:03:14.720> thought<00:03:15.000> could circle appeared which we thought could circle appeared which we thought could possibly<00:03:15.560> be<00:03:15.720> the<00:03:15.920> location<00:03:16.640> of<00:03:16.760> the<00:03:16.879> city<00:03:17.040> of possibly be the location of the city of possibly be the location of the city of ITA<00:03:18.599> so<00:03:18.799> we<00:03:18.959> collaborated<00:03:19.519> with<00:03:19.680> Egyptian ITA so we collaborated with Egyptian ITA so we collaborated with Egyptian scientist<00:03:21.519> to<00:03:21.680> do<00:03:21.840> cing<00:03:22.239> work<00:03:22.720> which<00:03:22.840> you<00:03:22.959> see scientist to do cing work which you see scientist to do cing work which you see here<00:03:23.799> when<00:03:23.920> I<00:03:24.000> say<00:03:24.159> coring<00:03:24.720> it's<00:03:24.920> it's<00:03:25.080> like here when I say coring it's it's like here when I say coring it's it's like ice<00:03:25.480> coring<00:03:25.799> but<00:03:25.920> instead<00:03:26.200> of<00:03:26.560> layers<00:03:26.879> of ice coring but instead of layers of ice coring but instead of layers of climate<00:03:27.400> change<00:03:27.640> you're<00:03:27.799> looking<00:03:28.000> for<00:03:28.159> layers climate change you're looking for layers climate change you're looking for layers of<00:03:28.599> human<00:03:28.920> occupation of human occupation of human occupation and<00:03:30.599> 5<00:03:30.840> m<00:03:31.239> down<00:03:31.959> underneath<00:03:32.360> a<00:03:32.599> thick<00:03:32.799> layer<00:03:33.080> of and 5 m down underneath a thick layer of and 5 m down underneath a thick layer of mud<00:03:34.159> we<00:03:34.360> found<00:03:34.879> a<00:03:35.200> dense<00:03:35.840> layer<00:03:36.480> of<00:03:36.720> pottery mud we found a dense layer of pottery mud we found a dense layer of pottery what<00:03:37.840> this<00:03:37.959> shows<00:03:38.560> is<00:03:38.680> that<00:03:38.879> at<00:03:39.000> this<00:03:39.200> possible what this shows is that at this possible what this shows is that at this possible location<00:03:39.920> V<00:03:40.480> 5<00:03:40.640> meters<00:03:40.920> down<00:03:41.480> we<00:03:41.640> have<00:03:41.920> a<00:03:42.040> layer location V 5 meters down we have a layer location V 5 meters down we have a layer of<00:03:42.560> occupation<00:03:43.480> for<00:03:43.680> several<00:03:44.040> hundred<00:03:44.280> years of occupation for several hundred years of occupation for several hundred years dating<00:03:44.840> to<00:03:45.000> the<00:03:45.080> Middle<00:03:45.360> Kingdom<00:03:45.760> dating<00:03:45.959> to dating to the Middle Kingdom dating to dating to the Middle Kingdom dating to the<00:03:46.239> exact<00:03:46.480> period<00:03:46.760> of<00:03:46.920> time<00:03:47.319> we<00:03:47.439> think<00:03:47.680> itawi the exact period of time we think itawi the exact period of time we think itawi is<00:03:49.439> we<00:03:49.640> also<00:03:49.920> found<00:03:50.720> worked<00:03:51.159> Stone<00:03:52.040> Carnelian is we also found worked Stone Carnelian is we also found worked Stone Carnelian quartz<00:03:53.560> and<00:03:53.840> agot<00:03:54.200> this<00:03:54.319> shows<00:03:54.519> that<00:03:54.640> there quartz and agot this shows that there quartz and agot this shows that there was<00:03:54.840> a<00:03:54.959> Jeweler's<00:03:55.480> Workshop<00:03:56.040> here<00:03:56.519> these was a Jeweler's Workshop here these was a Jeweler's Workshop here these might<00:03:56.879> not<00:03:57.040> look<00:03:57.280> like<00:03:57.519> much<00:03:58.159> but<00:03:58.360> when<00:03:58.480> you might not look like much but when you might not look like much but when you think<00:03:59.000> about<00:03:59.200> the<00:03:59.319> most<00:03:59.840> common<00:04:00.159> stones<00:04:00.879> used think about the most common stones used think about the most common stones used in<00:04:01.360> jewelry<00:04:02.079> from<00:04:02.239> the<00:04:02.360> Middle in jewelry from the Middle in jewelry from the Middle Kingdom<00:04:04.239> these<00:04:04.360> are<00:04:04.519> the<00:04:04.599> stones<00:04:04.920> that<00:04:05.040> were Kingdom these are the stones that were Kingdom these are the stones that were used<00:04:05.879> so<00:04:06.360> we<00:04:06.519> have<00:04:06.640> a<00:04:06.760> dense<00:04:07.000> layer<00:04:07.239> of used so we have a dense layer of used so we have a dense layer of occupation<00:04:08.200> dating<00:04:08.480> to<00:04:08.599> the<00:04:08.680> Middle<00:04:08.959> Kingdom occupation dating to the Middle Kingdom occupation dating to the Middle Kingdom at<00:04:09.680> this<00:04:09.840> site<00:04:10.120> we<00:04:10.280> also<00:04:10.560> have<00:04:10.799> evidence<00:04:11.560> of<00:04:11.680> an at this site we also have evidence of an at this site we also have evidence of an elite<00:04:12.120> Jewelers<00:04:12.640> Workshop<00:04:13.200> showing<00:04:14.000> that elite Jewelers Workshop showing that elite Jewelers Workshop showing that whatever<00:04:14.560> was<00:04:14.799> there<00:04:15.120> was<00:04:15.280> a<00:04:15.439> very<00:04:15.640> important whatever was there was a very important whatever was there was a very important city<00:04:16.840> no<00:04:17.400> ITA<00:04:18.079> was<00:04:18.280> here<00:04:18.519> yet<00:04:18.799> but<00:04:18.959> we're<00:04:19.120> going city no ITA was here yet but we're going city no ITA was here yet but we're going to<00:04:19.359> be<00:04:19.479> returning<00:04:19.880> to<00:04:20.040> the<00:04:20.199> site<00:04:20.639> in<00:04:20.759> the<00:04:20.919> near to be returning to the site in the near to be returning to the site in the near future<00:04:22.079> to<00:04:22.280> map<00:04:22.520> it<00:04:22.639> out<00:04:22.960> and<00:04:23.160> even<00:04:23.360> more future to map it out and even more future to map it out and even more importantly<00:04:24.600> we<00:04:24.759> have<00:04:24.919> funding<00:04:25.280> to<00:04:25.520> train importantly we have funding to train importantly we have funding to train young<00:04:26.240> Egyptians<00:04:27.040> in<00:04:27.199> the<00:04:27.320> use<00:04:27.520> of<00:04:27.759> satellite young Egyptians in the use of satellite young Egyptians in the use of satellite technology<00:04:29.120> so<00:04:29.240> that<00:04:29.400> they<00:04:29.520> can<00:04:29.800> be<00:04:29.919> the<00:04:30.000> ones technology so that they can be the ones technology so that they can be the ones making<00:04:30.639> great<00:04:31.000> discoveries<00:04:31.400> as<00:04:31.960> well<00:04:32.960> so<00:04:33.240> I making great discoveries as well so I making great discoveries as well so I wanted<00:04:33.560> to<00:04:33.759> end<00:04:34.360> with<00:04:34.840> my<00:04:35.160> favorite<00:04:35.600> quote wanted to end with my favorite quote wanted to end with my favorite quote from<00:04:36.520> the<00:04:36.639> Middle<00:04:36.919> Kingdom<00:04:37.680> was<00:04:37.919> probably from the Middle Kingdom was probably from the Middle Kingdom was probably written<00:04:38.919> at<00:04:39.039> the<00:04:39.160> city<00:04:39.360> of<00:04:39.479> itawi<00:04:40.199> 4,000<00:04:40.759> years written at the city of itawi 4,000 years written at the city of itawi 4,000 years ago<00:04:42.720> sharing<00:04:43.120> knowledge<00:04:43.520> is<00:04:43.680> the<00:04:43.800> greatest<00:04:44.120> of ago sharing knowledge is the greatest of ago sharing knowledge is the greatest of all<00:04:44.440> callings<00:04:45.320> there's<00:04:45.520> nothing<00:04:45.880> like<00:04:46.000> it<00:04:46.120> in all callings there's nothing like it in all callings there's nothing like it in the<00:04:46.400> land<00:04:47.039> so<00:04:47.440> as<00:04:47.560> it<00:04:47.680> turns<00:04:48.080> out<00:04:49.080> Ted<00:04:49.440> was<00:04:49.600> not the land so as it turns out Ted was not the land so as it turns out Ted was not founded<00:04:50.840> in<00:04:51.000> 1984



ad<00:04:55.440> making<00:04:55.800> ideas<00:04:56.320> happen<00:04:56.800> H<00:04:57.240> actually
ad making ideas happen H actually ad making ideas happen H actually actually<00:04:57.840> started<00:04:58.479> in<00:04:58.680> 1984 actually started in 1984 actually started in 1984 BC<00:05:01.160> at<00:05:01.280> a<00:05:01.440> not<00:05:01.680> lost<00:05:01.960> for<00:05:02.160> long<00:05:02.479> City<00:05:03.280> found BC at a not lost for long City found BC at a not lost for long City found from<00:05:03.880> above<00:05:04.520> it<00:05:04.639> certainly<00:05:05.080> puts<00:05:05.360> finding from above it certainly puts finding from above it certainly puts finding seashells<00:05:06.280> by<00:05:06.400> the<00:05:06.520> seashore<00:05:07.160> in<00:05:07.360> perspective seashells by the seashore in perspective seashells by the seashore in perspective thank<00:05:08.520> you<00:05:08.680> very<00:05:08.880> much

Sarah Parcak, space, archeology, TED, TED, Fellow, lost, civilization, TED-Ed, Ed’, TEDEducation

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