How do you save a shark you know nothing about? - Simon Berrow
lastly<00:00:15.860> sharks<00:00:16.219> are<00:00:16.369> awesome<00:00:16.850> creatures<00:00:17.240> they
lastly sharks are awesome creatures they
lastly sharks are awesome creatures they
are<00:00:18.110> just<00:00:18.410> magnificent
are just magnificent
are just magnificent
they<00:00:19.250> grow<00:00:19.610> 10<00:00:20.029> meters<00:00:20.869> long<00:00:20.900> some<00:00:21.380> say<00:00:21.560> bigger
they grow 10 meters long some say bigger
they grow 10 meters long some say bigger
they<00:00:22.849> might<00:00:23.090> weigh<00:00:23.390> up<00:00:23.480> to<00:00:23.599> two<00:00:23.750> tons<00:00:24.040> some<00:00:25.040> say
they might weigh up to two tons some say
they might weigh up to two tons some say
up<00:00:25.340> to<00:00:25.369> five<00:00:25.669> tonnes<00:00:25.910> but<00:00:26.450> the<00:00:26.570> second<00:00:26.930> largest
up to five tonnes but the second largest
up to five tonnes but the second largest
fish<00:00:27.529> in<00:00:27.560> the<00:00:27.710> world
fish in the world
fish in the world
they're<00:00:28.759> also<00:00:28.910> harmless<00:00:29.480> plankton<00:00:29.960> feeding
they're also harmless plankton feeding
they're also harmless plankton feeding
animals<00:00:30.410> and<00:00:31.119> they<00:00:32.119> are<00:00:32.239> thought<00:00:32.419> to<00:00:32.450> be<00:00:32.660> able
animals and they are thought to be able
animals and they are thought to be able
to<00:00:32.930> filter<00:00:33.500> a<00:00:33.950> cubic<00:00:34.820> kilometer<00:00:35.270> of<00:00:35.360> water
to filter a cubic kilometer of water
to filter a cubic kilometer of water
every<00:00:35.930> hour<00:00:35.989> and<00:00:36.410> can<00:00:37.010> feed<00:00:37.370> on<00:00:37.579> 30<00:00:37.850> kilos<00:00:38.420> of
every hour and can feed on 30 kilos of
every hour and can feed on 30 kilos of
zooplankton<00:00:39.200> a<00:00:39.649> day<00:00:40.190> to<00:00:40.670> survive
zooplankton a day to survive
zooplankton a day to survive
they're<00:00:41.570> fantastic<00:00:41.780> creatures<00:00:42.440> and<00:00:42.530> we're
they're fantastic creatures and we're
they're fantastic creatures and we're
very<00:00:42.800> lucky<00:00:42.890> in<00:00:43.039> Ireland<00:00:43.340> that<00:00:43.370> we<00:00:43.519> have
very lucky in Ireland that we have
very lucky in Ireland that we have
plenty<00:00:44.269> of<00:00:44.420> basking<00:00:44.750> sharks<00:00:45.019> and<00:00:45.140> plenty<00:00:45.379> of
plenty of basking sharks and plenty of
plenty of basking sharks and plenty of
opportunities<00:00:45.980> to<00:00:46.010> see<00:00:46.280> them<00:00:46.519> they<00:00:47.359> were<00:00:47.480> also
opportunities to see them they were also
opportunities to see them they were also
very<00:00:47.899> important<00:00:48.379> to<00:00:48.500> coastal<00:00:48.890> communities
very important to coastal communities
very important to coastal communities
going<00:00:49.399> back<00:00:49.609> hundreds<00:00:50.000> of<00:00:50.059> years<00:00:50.289> especially
going back hundreds of years especially
going back hundreds of years especially
the<00:00:51.670> rounded-off<00:00:52.670> connemara<00:00:53.210> region<00:00:53.719> where
the rounded-off connemara region where
the rounded-off connemara region where
subsistence<00:00:55.100> farmers<00:00:55.429> used<00:00:55.579> to<00:00:55.699> sail<00:00:55.879> out<00:00:56.059> on
subsistence farmers used to sail out on
subsistence farmers used to sail out on
their<00:00:56.359> hookers<00:00:56.660> and<00:00:56.870> from<00:00:57.320> boats<00:00:57.530> sometimes
their hookers and from boats sometimes
their hookers and from boats sometimes
way<00:00:58.370> off<00:00:58.519> shore<00:00:58.550> sometimes<00:00:59.179> for<00:00:59.329> a<00:00:59.359> place
way off shore sometimes for a place
way off shore sometimes for a place
called<00:00:59.539> a<00:00:59.749> sunfish<00:01:00.140> bank<00:01:00.350> which<00:01:00.499> is<00:01:00.589> about<00:01:00.710> 30
called a sunfish bank which is about 30
called a sunfish bank which is about 30
miles<00:01:01.190> west<00:01:01.460> of<00:01:01.550> Akal<00:01:01.820> Island<00:01:02.089> to<00:01:02.359> kill<00:01:02.570> the
miles west of Akal Island to kill the
miles west of Akal Island to kill the
basking<00:01:03.440> sharks<00:01:03.679> is<00:01:03.800> now<00:01:03.920> would<00:01:04.190> cut<00:01:04.430> from
basking sharks is now would cut from
basking sharks is now would cut from
about<00:01:04.760> the<00:01:04.879> 17<00:01:05.239> 1800<00:01:05.600> s<00:01:05.780> it's<00:01:06.200> know<00:01:06.320> very
about the 17 1800 s it's know very
about the 17 1800 s it's know very
important<00:01:06.920> and<00:01:07.159> they<00:01:07.250> are<00:01:07.280> important<00:01:07.610> for<00:01:07.640> the
important and they are important for the
important and they are important for the
oil<00:01:08.000> out<00:01:08.270> of<00:01:08.420> their<00:01:08.510> liver<00:01:08.720> a<00:01:08.780> third<00:01:09.050> of<00:01:09.170> the
oil out of their liver a third of the
oil out of their liver a third of the
size<00:01:09.409> of<00:01:09.590> a<00:01:09.680> ski<00:01:09.860> shock<00:01:10.070> is<00:01:10.370> the<00:01:10.670> liver<00:01:10.880> and
size of a ski shock is the liver and
size of a ski shock is the liver and
it's<00:01:11.180> full<00:01:11.360> of<00:01:11.390> oil<00:01:11.540> get<00:01:11.810> gallons<00:01:12.170> oil<00:01:12.470> from
it's full of oil get gallons oil from
it's full of oil get gallons oil from
the<00:01:12.680> liver<00:01:12.860> and<00:01:13.160> that<00:01:13.430> oil<00:01:13.520> was<00:01:13.790> used
the liver and that oil was used
the liver and that oil was used
specially<00:01:14.390> for<00:01:14.540> lighting<00:01:14.750> but<00:01:15.170> also<00:01:15.290> for
specially for lighting but also for
specially for lighting but also for
dressing<00:01:15.890> wounds<00:01:16.070> and<00:01:16.280> other<00:01:16.370> things<00:01:16.730> in<00:01:17.060> fact
dressing wounds and other things in fact
dressing wounds and other things in fact
the<00:01:17.330> street<00:01:17.570> lights<00:01:17.810> in<00:01:18.020> 1742<00:01:18.890> of<00:01:19.250> Galway
the street lights in 1742 of Galway
the street lights in 1742 of Galway
Dublin<00:01:20.150> and<00:01:20.240> Waterford<00:01:20.600> were<00:01:21.020> late<00:01:21.230> with<00:01:21.440> son
Dublin and Waterford were late with son
Dublin and Waterford were late with son
Fisher<00:01:22.100> than<00:01:22.340> Sun<00:01:22.550> Fisher's<00:01:22.880> one<00:01:23.030> of<00:01:23.120> the
Fisher than Sun Fisher's one of the
Fisher than Sun Fisher's one of the
words<00:01:23.330> for<00:01:23.960> basking<00:01:24.320> sharks<00:01:24.650> so<00:01:25.040> they're
words for basking sharks so they're
words for basking sharks so they're
incredibly<00:01:25.580> important<00:01:25.970> animals<00:01:26.300> they've
incredibly important animals they've
incredibly important animals they've
been<00:01:26.960> around<00:01:27.110> a<00:01:27.200> long<00:01:27.290> time<00:01:27.350> you're<00:01:27.770> very
been around a long time you're very
been around a long time you're very
important<00:01:28.310> it<00:01:28.400> to<00:01:28.520> Coast<00:01:28.730> communities
important it to Coast communities
important it to Coast communities
probably<00:01:29.900> the<00:01:29.960> best<00:01:30.430> documented<00:01:31.430> basking
probably the best documented basking
probably the best documented basking
shark<00:01:32.180> fishery<00:01:32.540> in<00:01:32.720> the<00:01:32.750> world<00:01:32.870> is<00:01:33.560> that<00:01:33.770> from
shark fishery in the world is that from
shark fishery in the world is that from
a<00:01:34.100> coal<00:01:34.250> island
a coal island
a coal island
this<00:01:35.090> is<00:01:35.270> Keene<00:01:35.690> Bay<00:01:35.960> up<00:01:36.470> in<00:01:36.620> Akal<00:01:36.890> Island<00:01:37.190> and
this is Keene Bay up in Akal Island and
this is Keene Bay up in Akal Island and
sharks<00:01:37.940> used<00:01:38.390> to<00:01:38.480> come<00:01:38.630> into<00:01:38.780> the<00:01:38.960> bay<00:01:39.080> and<00:01:39.320> the
sharks used to come into the bay and the
sharks used to come into the bay and the
fishermen<00:01:40.220> would<00:01:40.340> tie<00:01:40.550> a<00:01:40.580> net<00:01:40.880> off<00:01:41.150> the
fishermen would tie a net off the
fishermen would tie a net off the
headland<00:01:42.350> string<00:01:42.950> it<00:01:43.040> out<00:01:43.160> an<00:01:43.310> all<00:01:43.430> manila<00:01:43.730> net
headland string it out an all manila net
headland string it out an all manila net
and<00:01:44.330> as<00:01:44.450> a<00:01:44.480> shark<00:01:44.810> came<00:01:45.230> round<00:01:45.500> they<00:01:45.980> would<00:01:46.130> hit
and as a shark came round they would hit
and as a shark came round they would hit
the<00:01:46.370> net<00:01:46.580> the<00:01:46.760> net<00:01:46.790> would<00:01:47.090> collapse<00:01:47.300> on<00:01:47.510> it<00:01:47.630> it
the net the net would collapse on it it
the net the net would collapse on it it
often<00:01:48.140> drown<00:01:48.650> and<00:01:48.950> suffocate<00:01:49.340> or<00:01:49.640> at<00:01:49.970> times
often drown and suffocate or at times
often drown and suffocate or at times
they<00:01:50.480> would<00:01:50.600> row<00:01:50.810> out<00:01:50.960> in<00:01:51.230> their<00:01:51.740> small<00:01:51.980> kirk's
they would row out in their small kirk's
they would row out in their small kirk's
and<00:01:52.550> kill<00:01:53.330> it<00:01:53.420> with<00:01:53.720> a<00:01:53.780> lance<00:01:53.960> through<00:01:54.170> the
and kill it with a lance through the
and kill it with a lance through the
back<00:01:54.380> of<00:01:54.410> the<00:01:54.560> neck<00:01:54.740> and<00:01:55.280> then<00:01:55.400> they<00:01:55.520> towed<00:01:55.730> the
back of the neck and then they towed the
back of the neck and then they towed the
tow<00:01:56.180> the<00:01:56.240> Sharks<00:01:56.570> back<00:01:56.690> to<00:01:56.870> 13<00:01:57.290> Harbor<00:01:57.650> boil
tow the Sharks back to 13 Harbor boil
tow the Sharks back to 13 Harbor boil
them<00:01:58.340> up<00:01:58.490> use<00:01:59.120> the<00:01:59.300> oil<00:01:59.450> they<00:01:59.840> also<00:01:59.960> use<00:02:00.200> the
them up use the oil they also use the
them up use the oil they also use the
use<00:02:01.580> the<00:02:01.610> flesh<00:02:01.910> as<00:02:02.090> well<00:02:02.240> for<00:02:02.750> fertilizer<00:02:03.200> and
use the flesh as well for fertilizer and
use the flesh as well for fertilizer and
also<00:02:04.040> wood<00:02:04.520> thinly<00:02:05.240> fin<00:02:05.600> the<00:02:05.780> Sharks<00:02:06.410> this<00:02:06.770> is
also wood thinly fin the Sharks this is
also wood thinly fin the Sharks this is
probably<00:02:07.580> the<00:02:07.670> biggest<00:02:07.760> threat<00:02:08.090> to<00:02:08.119> sharks
probably the biggest threat to sharks
probably the biggest threat to sharks
worldwide<00:02:09.019> it<00:02:09.440> is<00:02:09.619> the<00:02:09.920> finning<00:02:10.250> of<00:02:10.670> sharks
worldwide it is the finning of sharks
worldwide it is the finning of sharks
we're<00:02:11.690> often<00:02:11.840> off<00:02:12.050> Ryan<00:02:12.290> -<00:02:12.440> sharks<00:02:12.739> thank<00:02:12.950> -
we're often off Ryan - sharks thank -
we're often off Ryan - sharks thank -
jaws<00:02:13.250> maybe<00:02:13.730> five<00:02:14.030> or<00:02:14.060> six<00:02:14.180> people<00:02:14.540> get<00:02:14.870> killed
jaws maybe five or six people get killed
jaws maybe five or six people get killed
by<00:02:15.319> sharks<00:02:16.129> every<00:02:16.550> year<00:02:16.580> there<00:02:17.240> was<00:02:17.360> a<00:02:17.390> some
by sharks every year there was a some
by sharks every year there was a some
one<00:02:17.990> reason<00:02:18.260> there<00:02:18.350> wasn't<00:02:18.560> there<00:02:18.650> just<00:02:18.680> a
one reason there wasn't there just a
one reason there wasn't there just a
couple
couple
couple
to<00:02:19.720> go<00:02:19.840> we<00:02:20.470> kill<00:02:20.650> about<00:02:20.740> 100<00:02:21.190> million<00:02:21.430> sharks<00:02:21.460> a
to go we kill about 100 million sharks a
to go we kill about 100 million sharks a
year<00:02:22.240> so<00:02:22.480> you<00:02:22.690> know<00:02:22.780> and<00:02:23.680> all<00:02:23.800> the<00:02:23.860> balances
year so you know and all the balances
year so you know and all the balances
but<00:02:24.520> I<00:02:24.700> think<00:02:25.000> sharks<00:02:25.300> have<00:02:25.510> got<00:02:25.600> more<00:02:25.780> right
but I think sharks have got more right
but I think sharks have got more right
to<00:02:26.320> be<00:02:26.380> fearful<00:02:26.620> than<00:02:26.860> us<00:02:26.980> and<00:02:27.130> we<00:02:27.220> have<00:02:27.340> of
to be fearful than us and we have of
to be fearful than us and we have of
then<00:02:27.580> it<00:02:28.450> was<00:02:28.600> well<00:02:28.750> documented<00:02:29.080> fishery<00:02:29.620> and
then it was well documented fishery and
then it was well documented fishery and
you<00:02:29.890> can<00:02:30.040> see<00:02:30.190> here
you can see here
you can see here
it<00:02:30.790> peaked<00:02:31.180> in<00:02:31.330> the<00:02:31.420> fifties<00:02:31.840> where<00:02:32.290> they<00:02:32.380> were
it peaked in the fifties where they were
it peaked in the fifties where they were
killing<00:02:32.710> 1,500<00:02:33.460> sharks<00:02:33.730> a<00:02:33.820> year<00:02:33.850> and<00:02:34.420> in
killing 1,500 sharks a year and in
killing 1,500 sharks a year and in
decline<00:02:34.840> very<00:02:35.020> fast<00:02:35.380> a<00:02:35.590> classic<00:02:35.980> boom-bust
decline very fast a classic boom-bust
decline very fast a classic boom-bust
fishery<00:02:36.940> which<00:02:37.450> suggests<00:02:37.690> that<00:02:38.020> it's<00:02:38.290> a<00:02:38.800> stock
fishery which suggests that it's a stock
fishery which suggests that it's a stock
has<00:02:39.430> been<00:02:39.580> depleted<00:02:39.910> or<00:02:40.270> there's<00:02:40.480> low
has been depleted or there's low
has been depleted or there's low
reproductive<00:02:41.080> rates<00:02:41.440> and<00:02:42.010> they<00:02:42.160> killed<00:02:42.340> about
reproductive rates and they killed about
reproductive rates and they killed about
12,000<00:02:43.240> sharks<00:02:43.540> in<00:02:43.630> this<00:02:43.750> period<00:02:43.990> literally
12,000 sharks in this period literally
12,000 sharks in this period literally
just<00:02:44.830> by<00:02:44.950> stringing<00:02:45.370> a<00:02:45.780> manila<00:02:46.780> rope<00:02:46.990> off<00:02:47.380> the
just by stringing a manila rope off the
just by stringing a manila rope off the
tip<00:02:47.950> of<00:02:48.130> Keene<00:02:48.700> Bay<00:02:48.910> of<00:02:49.030> the<00:02:49.150> Netherland
tip of Keene Bay of the Netherland
tip of Keene Bay of the Netherland
sharks<00:02:50.860> were<00:02:50.980> still<00:02:51.160> killed<00:02:51.430> up<00:02:51.610> into<00:02:51.790> the
sharks were still killed up into the
sharks were still killed up into the
mid-80s
mid-80s
mid-80s
especially<00:02:53.410> after<00:02:53.530> places<00:02:53.950> like<00:02:54.070> Don
especially after places like Don
especially after places like Don
Morrison<00:02:54.430> County<00:02:54.790> Waterford<00:02:55.240> and<00:02:55.510> about<00:02:55.870> two
Morrison County Waterford and about two
Morrison County Waterford and about two
and<00:02:56.140> a<00:02:56.200> half<00:02:56.230> three<00:02:56.470> thousand<00:02:56.920> sharks<00:02:57.220> were
and a half three thousand sharks were
and a half three thousand sharks were
killed<00:02:57.580> up<00:02:57.700> to<00:02:57.820> 85<00:02:58.270> made<00:02:59.110> by<00:02:59.260> Norwegian
killed up to 85 made by Norwegian
killed up to 85 made by Norwegian
vessels<00:03:00.130> the<00:03:00.640> black<00:03:00.940> you<00:03:01.210> can't<00:03:01.420> see<00:03:01.690> this<00:03:01.750> but
vessels the black you can't see this but
vessels the black you can't see this but
he's<00:03:02.080> in<00:03:02.230> Norwegian<00:03:02.680> basking<00:03:03.130> shark<00:03:03.340> hunting
he's in Norwegian basking shark hunting
he's in Norwegian basking shark hunting
vessels<00:03:04.120> and<00:03:04.210> the<00:03:04.300> black<00:03:04.540> line<00:03:04.810> and<00:03:04.960> the
vessels and the black line and the
vessels and the black line and the
crow's<00:03:05.290> nest<00:03:05.370> signifies<00:03:06.370> this<00:03:06.550> is<00:03:06.670> a<00:03:06.700> shark
crow's nest signifies this is a shark
crow's nest signifies this is a shark
vessel<00:03:07.930> rather<00:03:08.140> than<00:03:08.350> a<00:03:08.440> whaling<00:03:09.250> vessel<00:03:09.370> the
vessel rather than a whaling vessel the
vessel rather than a whaling vessel the
importance<00:03:10.480> of<00:03:10.690> basking<00:03:11.050> sharks<00:03:11.320> to<00:03:11.530> to<00:03:11.770> the
importance of basking sharks to to the
importance of basking sharks to to the
coastal<00:03:12.100> communities<00:03:12.130> is<00:03:12.880> recognized
coastal communities is recognized
coastal communities is recognized
through<00:03:13.540> the<00:03:13.630> language<00:03:13.780> and<00:03:14.380> I<00:03:14.590> don't<00:03:14.650> pretend
through the language and I don't pretend
through the language and I don't pretend
to<00:03:15.100> have<00:03:15.220> any<00:03:15.610> Irish<00:03:16.180> but<00:03:17.110> there's<00:03:17.260> a<00:03:17.320> in<00:03:17.560> Kerry
to have any Irish but there's a in Kerry
to have any Irish but there's a in Kerry
they<00:03:18.040> were<00:03:18.100> often<00:03:18.370> owners<00:03:18.670> and<00:03:18.850> the<00:03:19.240> Mede<00:03:19.480> and
they were often owners and the Mede and
they were often owners and the Mede and
the<00:03:19.960> shelter<00:03:20.350> of<00:03:20.470> the<00:03:20.500> monster<00:03:20.920> with<00:03:21.040> the
the shelter of the monster with the
the shelter of the monster with the
sails<00:03:21.400> and<00:03:21.820> another<00:03:22.780> title<00:03:23.470> would<00:03:23.590> be<00:03:23.650> lapa
sails and another title would be lapa
sails and another title would be lapa
and<00:03:24.550> our<00:03:24.790> lappa<00:03:25.030> the<00:03:25.420> unwieldy<00:03:25.990> beasts<00:03:26.200> with
and our lappa the unwieldy beasts with
and our lappa the unwieldy beasts with
two<00:03:26.590> fins<00:03:27.330> leave<00:03:28.330> leave<00:03:28.900> on<00:03:29.050> more<00:03:29.380> suggesting
two fins leave leave on more suggesting
two fins leave leave on more suggesting
a<00:03:30.100> big<00:03:30.310> animal
a big animal
a big animal
but<00:03:31.300> my<00:03:31.480> favorite<00:03:31.930> leave<00:03:32.470> on<00:03:32.650> core<00:03:33.220> grania<00:03:33.670> the
but my favorite leave on core grania the
but my favorite leave on core grania the
great<00:03:33.970> fish<00:03:34.180> of<00:03:34.300> the<00:03:34.390> surfing<00:03:34.840> that's<00:03:34.990> a
great fish of the surfing that's a
great fish of the surfing that's a
lovely<00:03:35.230> evocative<00:03:35.680> name<00:03:35.890> I'm<00:03:36.400> Tory<00:03:36.700> Island
lovely evocative name I'm Tory Island
lovely evocative name I'm Tory Island
which<00:03:37.090> is<00:03:37.120> a<00:03:37.240> strange<00:03:37.510> place<00:03:37.600> anyway<00:03:38.170> they
which is a strange place anyway they
which is a strange place anyway they
were<00:03:38.620> known<00:03:38.770> as<00:03:38.890> Muldoon's<00:03:39.370> and<00:03:39.760> no<00:03:39.850> one<00:03:40.000> no
were known as Muldoon's and no one no
were known as Muldoon's and no one no
one<00:03:40.420> seems<00:03:40.690> to<00:03:40.750> know<00:03:40.930> why<00:03:41.140> there's<00:03:42.070> no<00:03:42.160> one
one seems to know why there's no one
one seems to know why there's no one
from<00:03:42.370> Tory<00:03:42.640> here<00:03:42.880> lovely<00:03:43.360> place<00:03:43.540> but<00:03:44.040> more
from Tory here lovely place but more
from Tory here lovely place but more
commonly<00:03:45.430> all<00:03:45.880> around<00:03:46.180> the<00:03:46.540> island<00:03:46.930> they<00:03:47.080> were
commonly all around the island they were
commonly all around the island they were
known<00:03:47.320> as<00:03:47.350> the<00:03:47.470> sunfish<00:03:47.920> and<00:03:47.980> this<00:03:48.220> represents
known as the sunfish and this represents
known as the sunfish and this represents
their<00:03:49.150> habit<00:03:49.390> of<00:03:49.510> basking<00:03:49.930> on<00:03:49.959> the<00:03:50.080> surface
their habit of basking on the surface
their habit of basking on the surface
when<00:03:50.980> the<00:03:51.010> Sun<00:03:51.280> is<00:03:51.400> out<00:03:51.580> there's<00:03:52.390> great
when the Sun is out there's great
when the Sun is out there's great
concern<00:03:52.630> that<00:03:53.140> basking<00:03:53.470> sharks<00:03:53.770> are<00:03:53.890> depleted
concern that basking sharks are depleted
concern that basking sharks are depleted
all<00:03:54.670> throughout<00:03:55.000> throughout<00:03:55.420> the<00:03:55.540> world<00:03:55.830> some
all throughout throughout the world some
all throughout throughout the world some
people<00:03:57.070> say<00:03:57.190> it's<00:03:57.310> not<00:03:57.370> a<00:03:57.670> population<00:03:58.180> decline
people say it's not a population decline
people say it's not a population decline
it<00:03:58.660> might<00:03:58.780> be<00:03:58.930> change<00:03:59.230> in<00:03:59.440> the<00:03:59.500> distribution
it might be change in the distribution
it might be change in the distribution
of<00:04:00.040> plankton<00:04:00.370> and<00:04:00.580> it's<00:04:00.700> been<00:04:00.850> suggested<00:04:01.300> the
of plankton and it's been suggested the
of plankton and it's been suggested the
basking<00:04:01.690> sharks<00:04:01.930> would<00:04:02.050> make<00:04:02.170> fantastic
basking sharks would make fantastic
basking sharks would make fantastic
indicators<00:04:03.610> of<00:04:03.700> climate<00:04:03.790> change<00:04:04.270> because
indicators of climate change because
indicators of climate change because
they're<00:04:04.690> basically<00:04:04.870> continuous<00:04:05.620> plankton
they're basically continuous plankton
they're basically continuous plankton
recorders<00:04:06.520> swimming<00:04:07.090> around<00:04:07.240> with<00:04:07.360> the<00:04:07.540> mouth
recorders swimming around with the mouth
recorders swimming around with the mouth
opens<00:04:08.110> they're<00:04:08.950> now<00:04:09.070> listed<00:04:09.370> as<00:04:09.459> vulnerable
opens they're now listed as vulnerable
opens they're now listed as vulnerable
under<00:04:10.180> the<00:04:10.450> IUCN<00:04:11.230> there's<00:04:11.920> all<00:04:12.130> sorts<00:04:12.430> of
under the IUCN there's all sorts of
under the IUCN there's all sorts of
moves<00:04:12.760> in<00:04:12.940> Europe<00:04:13.300> to<00:04:13.480> try<00:04:13.630> and<00:04:13.840> stop<00:04:14.110> catching
moves in Europe to try and stop catching
moves in Europe to try and stop catching
them<00:04:14.770> there's<00:04:15.190> now<00:04:15.340> a<00:04:15.370> ban<00:04:15.640> on<00:04:15.670> catching<00:04:16.299> them
them there's now a ban on catching them
them there's now a ban on catching them
and<00:04:16.600> even<00:04:16.810> landing<00:04:17.200> them<00:04:17.350> and
and even landing them and
and even landing them and
landing<00:04:18.040> ones<00:04:18.280> at<00:04:18.430> the<00:04:18.489> court<00:04:18.699> accidentally
landing ones at the court accidentally
landing ones at the court accidentally
they're<00:04:19.780> not<00:04:19.930> protected<00:04:20.350> in<00:04:20.380> Ireland<00:04:20.739> in<00:04:20.919> fact
they're not protected in Ireland in fact
they're not protected in Ireland in fact
they<00:04:21.519> have<00:04:21.609> no<00:04:21.790> elective<00:04:22.180> status<00:04:22.600> in<00:04:22.870> Ireland
they have no elective status in Ireland
they have no elective status in Ireland
whatsoever<00:04:23.710> despite<00:04:23.860> our<00:04:24.550> importance<00:04:24.970> for
whatsoever despite our importance for
whatsoever despite our importance for
the<00:04:25.240> species<00:04:25.660> and<00:04:25.780> also<00:04:26.020> the<00:04:26.139> historical
the species and also the historical
the species and also the historical
context<00:04:27.040> with<00:04:27.310> which<00:04:27.460> basking<00:04:27.910> sharks<00:04:28.150> reside
context with which basking sharks reside
context with which basking sharks reside
we<00:04:29.919> know<00:04:30.040> very<00:04:30.220> little<00:04:30.400> about<00:04:30.580> them<00:04:30.970> and<00:04:31.840> most
we know very little about them and most
we know very little about them and most
of<00:04:32.949> what<00:04:32.979> we<00:04:33.190> do<00:04:33.370> know<00:04:33.580> is<00:04:33.729> based<00:04:33.940> on<00:04:34.150> their
of what we do know is based on their
of what we do know is based on their
habit<00:04:34.570> of<00:04:34.780> coming<00:04:35.229> to<00:04:35.410> the<00:04:35.500> surface<00:04:35.710> and<00:04:36.610> we
habit of coming to the surface and we
habit of coming to the surface and we
try<00:04:36.880> and<00:04:36.910> guess<00:04:37.180> what<00:04:37.540> they're<00:04:37.720> doing<00:04:37.990> from
try and guess what they're doing from
try and guess what they're doing from
the<00:04:38.290> behavior<00:04:38.710> on<00:04:38.770> the<00:04:38.889> surface<00:04:39.310> I<00:04:39.520> only<00:04:39.910> found
the behavior on the surface I only found
the behavior on the surface I only found
that<00:04:40.300> we<00:04:40.479> last<00:04:41.050> year<00:04:41.229> at<00:04:41.470> a<00:04:41.530> conference<00:04:41.740> in<00:04:41.949> the
that we last year at a conference in the
that we last year at a conference in the
Isle<00:04:42.130> of<00:04:42.160> Man
Isle of Man
Isle of Man
just<00:04:42.880> how<00:04:43.150> unusual<00:04:43.690> it<00:04:44.110> is<00:04:44.290> to<00:04:44.350> live<00:04:44.800> somewhere
just how unusual it is to live somewhere
just how unusual it is to live somewhere
where<00:04:45.610> baski<00:04:46.030> shots<00:04:46.380> regularly<00:04:47.380> frequently
where baski shots regularly frequently
where baski shots regularly frequently
and<00:04:48.310> predictably<00:04:48.760> come<00:04:49.360> to<00:04:49.449> the<00:04:49.540> surface<00:04:49.750> -
and predictably come to the surface -
and predictably come to the surface -
bass<00:04:50.380> and<00:04:51.180> it's<00:04:52.180> a<00:04:52.240> fantastic<00:04:52.389> opportunity
bass and it's a fantastic opportunity
bass and it's a fantastic opportunity
for<00:04:53.139> a<00:04:53.199> scientist<00:04:53.620> see<00:04:53.800> them<00:04:53.979> an<00:04:54.039> experienced
for a scientist see them an experienced
for a scientist see them an experienced
basking<00:04:54.789> sharks<00:04:55.030> I<00:04:55.090> have<00:04:55.270> they<00:04:55.389> are<00:04:55.419> awesome
basking sharks I have they are awesome
basking sharks I have they are awesome
creatures<00:04:56.199> but<00:04:56.620> it<00:04:56.710> gives<00:04:56.830> us<00:04:56.889> a<00:04:56.979> fantastic
creatures but it gives us a fantastic
creatures but it gives us a fantastic
opportunity<00:04:57.550> to<00:04:57.820> actually<00:04:58.120> study<00:04:58.360> them<00:04:58.600> to
opportunity to actually study them to
opportunity to actually study them to
get<00:04:58.870> access<00:04:59.169> to<00:04:59.199> them<00:04:59.530> so<00:05:00.400> what<00:05:00.820> we've<00:05:01.000> been
get access to them so what we've been
get access to them so what we've been
doing<00:05:01.180> a<00:05:01.479> couple<00:05:01.570> years<00:05:01.990> but<00:05:02.139> last<00:05:02.289> year<00:05:02.500> was<00:05:02.620> a
doing a couple years but last year was a
doing a couple years but last year was a
big<00:05:02.830> year<00:05:02.860> is<00:05:03.400> we<00:05:03.610> started<00:05:04.000> tagging<00:05:04.750> sharks<00:05:05.310> so
big year is we started tagging sharks so
big year is we started tagging sharks so
we<00:05:06.400> could<00:05:06.520> try<00:05:06.639> and<00:05:06.699> get<00:05:06.789> some<00:05:06.970> idea<00:05:07.240> of<00:05:07.389> site
we could try and get some idea of site
we could try and get some idea of site
fidelity<00:05:08.139> and<00:05:08.500> movements<00:05:08.919> and<00:05:09.039> things<00:05:09.160> like
fidelity and movements and things like
fidelity and movements and things like
that<00:05:09.400> so<00:05:10.360> we<00:05:10.449> concentrated<00:05:10.780> mainly<00:05:11.470> in<00:05:11.740> north
that so we concentrated mainly in north
that so we concentrated mainly in north
Donegal<00:05:12.789> and<00:05:12.820> West<00:05:13.300> carriers<00:05:13.750> the<00:05:13.870> two<00:05:14.020> areas
Donegal and West carriers the two areas
Donegal and West carriers the two areas
where<00:05:14.530> where<00:05:14.800> I<00:05:14.830> was<00:05:15.100> mainly<00:05:15.430> active<00:05:15.639> and<00:05:16.560> we
where where I was mainly active and we
where where I was mainly active and we
tagged<00:05:17.860> them<00:05:18.070> very<00:05:18.610> simply<00:05:19.030> not<00:05:19.240> very
tagged them very simply not very
tagged them very simply not very
high-tech<00:05:19.840> with<00:05:20.770> a<00:05:20.830> big<00:05:20.979> long<00:05:21.160> pole<00:05:21.400> this<00:05:21.610> is<00:05:21.669> a
high-tech with a big long pole this is a
high-tech with a big long pole this is a
beach<00:05:22.000> tester<00:05:22.419> rod<00:05:22.599> for<00:05:23.169> the<00:05:23.260> tag<00:05:23.440> on<00:05:23.470> the<00:05:23.620> end
beach tester rod for the tag on the end
beach tester rod for the tag on the end
go<00:05:24.610> up<00:05:24.700> in<00:05:24.820> your<00:05:24.940> boat<00:05:25.180> and<00:05:25.450> tag<00:05:26.320> the<00:05:26.470> shark<00:05:27.030> and
go up in your boat and tag the shark and
go up in your boat and tag the shark and
we<00:05:28.240> were<00:05:28.300> very<00:05:28.510> effective<00:05:28.900> we<00:05:29.020> tagged<00:05:30.389> 105
we were very effective we tagged 105
we were very effective we tagged 105
sharks<00:05:31.870> last<00:05:32.080> summer<00:05:32.320> we<00:05:32.410> got<00:05:32.500> 50<00:05:32.950> in<00:05:33.070> three
sharks last summer we got 50 in three
sharks last summer we got 50 in three
days<00:05:33.490> of<00:05:34.360> inertia<00:05:34.930> and<00:05:35.139> peninsula<00:05:35.590> half<00:05:36.190> the
days of inertia and peninsula half the
days of inertia and peninsula half the
challenge<00:05:36.700> is<00:05:36.789> to<00:05:36.940> get<00:05:37.060> axis<00:05:37.479> is<00:05:37.630> to<00:05:37.780> be<00:05:37.870> in<00:05:37.930> the
challenge is to get axis is to be in the
challenge is to get axis is to be in the
right<00:05:38.110> place<00:05:38.289> at<00:05:38.500> the<00:05:38.530> right<00:05:38.620> time<00:05:38.919> but<00:05:39.310> it's<00:05:39.460> a
right place at the right time but it's a
right place at the right time but it's a
very<00:05:39.669> simple<00:05:39.910> and<00:05:40.240> easy<00:05:40.300> technique<00:05:40.650> I'll<00:05:41.650> show
very simple and easy technique I'll show
very simple and easy technique I'll show
you<00:05:41.919> what<00:05:42.039> they<00:05:42.160> look<00:05:42.310> like<00:05:42.340> we<00:05:43.330> use<00:05:43.450> a<00:05:43.479> pole
you what they look like we use a pole
you what they look like we use a pole
camera<00:05:44.139> on<00:05:44.289> the<00:05:44.410> boat<00:05:44.590> to<00:05:44.770> actually<00:05:45.039> film
camera on the boat to actually film
camera on the boat to actually film
shark<00:05:45.789> one<00:05:46.419> is<00:05:46.630> to<00:05:46.780> try<00:05:46.990> and<00:05:47.050> work<00:05:47.229> out<00:05:47.380> a
shark one is to try and work out a
shark one is to try and work out a
gender<00:05:47.830> of<00:05:47.860> the<00:05:47.949> shark<00:05:48.220> we<00:05:48.699> also<00:05:48.940> deployed<00:05:49.270> a
gender of the shark we also deployed a
gender of the shark we also deployed a
couple<00:05:49.570> of<00:05:49.630> satellite<00:05:49.960> tags<00:05:50.199> so<00:05:50.349> we<00:05:50.380> did<00:05:50.590> use
couple of satellite tags so we did use
couple of satellite tags so we did use
high-tech<00:05:50.979> stuff<00:05:51.400> as<00:05:51.580> well
high-tech stuff as well
high-tech stuff as well
these<00:05:52.210> are<00:05:52.419> archival<00:05:52.990> tags<00:05:53.380> so<00:05:53.889> what<00:05:54.039> they<00:05:54.130> do
these are archival tags so what they do
these are archival tags so what they do
is<00:05:54.460> they<00:05:54.610> store<00:05:55.030> the<00:05:55.180> data<00:05:55.389> a<00:05:55.750> satellite<00:05:56.260> tag
is they store the data a satellite tag
is they store the data a satellite tag
only<00:05:56.590> works<00:05:56.889> when<00:05:57.130> the<00:05:57.220> area<00:05:57.430> is<00:05:57.520> clear<00:05:57.760> of<00:05:57.849> the
only works when the area is clear of the
only works when the area is clear of the
water<00:05:58.150> and<00:05:58.539> can<00:05:58.870> send<00:05:59.110> a<00:05:59.199> signal<00:05:59.349> to<00:05:59.530> the
water and can send a signal to the
water and can send a signal to the
satellite<00:05:59.770> of<00:06:00.220> course<00:06:00.639> sharks<00:06:01.060> fish<00:06:01.419> are
satellite of course sharks fish are
satellite of course sharks fish are
under<00:06:02.050> water<00:06:02.199> most<00:06:02.500> of<00:06:02.620> times<00:06:02.860> this<00:06:03.039> tag
under water most of times this tag
under water most of times this tag
actually<00:06:04.090> works<00:06:04.330> out<00:06:04.539> the<00:06:04.660> location<00:06:05.169> of<00:06:05.229> the
actually works out the location of the
actually works out the location of the
shark<00:06:05.620> depending<00:06:06.430> on<00:06:06.550> the<00:06:06.930> the<00:06:07.930> time<00:06:08.169> in<00:06:08.289> the
shark depending on the the time in the
shark depending on the the time in the
setting<00:06:08.650> the<00:06:08.740> Sun<00:06:08.979> plus<00:06:09.580> water<00:06:09.940> temperature
setting the Sun plus water temperature
setting the Sun plus water temperature
and<00:06:10.720> depth<00:06:11.020> and<00:06:11.260> you<00:06:11.590> have<00:06:11.710> to<00:06:11.800> kind<00:06:11.889> of
and depth and you have to kind of
and depth and you have to kind of
reconstruct<00:06:12.550> the<00:06:12.669> path<00:06:12.880> what<00:06:13.690> happens<00:06:13.960> is
reconstruct the path what happens is
reconstruct the path what happens is
that<00:06:14.110> you<00:06:14.289> set<00:06:14.500> the<00:06:14.530> tag<00:06:14.830> to<00:06:14.949> detach<00:06:15.220> from<00:06:15.280> the
that you set the tag to detach from the
that you set the tag to detach from the
shark<00:06:15.789> after<00:06:16.000> a<00:06:16.180> fixed<00:06:16.419> period<00:06:16.630> in<00:06:17.080> this<00:06:17.199> case
shark after a fixed period in this case
shark after a fixed period in this case
was<00:06:17.680> eight<00:06:17.800> months<00:06:18.099> and<00:06:18.250> mid<00:06:18.910> shoot<00:06:19.090> of<00:06:19.210> the
was eight months and mid shoot of the
was eight months and mid shoot of the
day<00:06:19.449> the<00:06:20.020> tag<00:06:20.289> popped<00:06:20.710> off<00:06:20.949> drifted<00:06:21.699> up<00:06:21.849> set
day the tag popped off drifted up set
day the tag popped off drifted up set
allows<00:06:22.389> the<00:06:22.570> satellite<00:06:22.960> and<00:06:23.139> scent<00:06:23.410> not<00:06:23.800> all
allows the satellite and scent not all
allows the satellite and scent not all
the<00:06:24.070> data<00:06:24.250> but<00:06:24.520> enough<00:06:24.910> date<00:06:25.120> for<00:06:25.300> us<00:06:25.360> to<00:06:25.510> use
the data but enough date for us to use
the data but enough date for us to use
and<00:06:26.590> this<00:06:26.830> is<00:06:26.950> the<00:06:27.070> only<00:06:27.190> way<00:06:27.370> of<00:06:27.400> really
and this is the only way of really
and this is the only way of really
working<00:06:27.969> out
working out
working out
behavior<00:06:28.509> in<00:06:28.600> the<00:06:28.690> movements<00:06:29.110> when<00:06:29.530> they're
behavior in the movements when they're
behavior in the movements when they're
underwater<00:06:30.660> and<00:06:31.660> he's<00:06:31.810> a<00:06:31.840> couple<00:06:32.050> of<00:06:32.199> maps
underwater and he's a couple of maps
underwater and he's a couple of maps
that<00:06:32.710> we've<00:06:32.949> done<00:06:33.100> that<00:06:33.310> one<00:06:33.520> you<00:06:34.150> can<00:06:34.330> see
that we've done that one you can see
that we've done that one you can see
that<00:06:35.199> we<00:06:35.650> taken<00:06:35.949> both<00:06:36.069> off<00:06:36.250> Kerry<00:06:36.520> and
that we taken both off Kerry and
that we taken both off Kerry and
basically<00:06:37.300> it<00:06:37.449> spent<00:06:37.720> all<00:06:38.110> its<00:06:38.289> time<00:06:38.440> the<00:06:38.590> last
basically it spent all its time the last
basically it spent all its time the last
eight<00:06:38.919> months<00:06:39.280> in<00:06:39.610> Irish<00:06:39.940> waters<00:06:40.300> Christmas
eight months in Irish waters Christmas
eight months in Irish waters Christmas
Day<00:06:40.840> was<00:06:41.020> out<00:06:41.169> on<00:06:41.199> the<00:06:41.410> Shelf<00:06:41.620> edge<00:06:41.830> and<00:06:42.130> here's
Day was out on the Shelf edge and here's
Day was out on the Shelf edge and here's
one<00:06:42.520> that<00:06:42.639> we<00:06:42.729> haven't<00:06:42.970> ground<00:06:43.360> truth<00:06:43.630> that
one that we haven't ground truth that
one that we haven't ground truth that
yet<00:06:44.020> with<00:06:44.199> Caesar<00:06:44.590> the<00:06:44.710> temperature<00:06:45.069> and
yet with Caesar the temperature and
yet with Caesar the temperature and
water<00:06:45.610> depth<00:06:46.000> but<00:06:46.389> again<00:06:46.599> the<00:06:46.690> second<00:06:46.990> shot
water depth but again the second shot
water depth but again the second shot
kind<00:06:47.470> of<00:06:47.560> spent<00:06:47.800> most<00:06:47.979> of<00:06:48.039> its<00:06:48.220> time<00:06:48.250> in<00:06:48.940> around
kind of spent most of its time in around
kind of spent most of its time in around
the<00:06:49.360> Irish<00:06:49.599> Sea<00:06:49.840> colleagues<00:06:50.410> in<00:06:50.500> the<00:06:50.560> Isle<00:06:50.680> of
the Irish Sea colleagues in the Isle of
the Irish Sea colleagues in the Isle of
Man<00:06:50.889> last<00:06:51.130> year<00:06:51.400> actually<00:06:52.120> tagged<00:06:52.509> one<00:06:52.930> shot
Man last year actually tagged one shot
Man last year actually tagged one shot
went<00:06:53.440> in<00:06:53.560> the<00:06:53.620> island<00:06:53.889> man<00:06:53.949> all<00:06:54.220> the<00:06:54.310> way<00:06:54.340> out
went in the island man all the way out
went in the island man all the way out
to<00:06:54.759> Nova<00:06:55.030> Scotia<00:06:55.060> in<00:06:55.750> about<00:06:55.960> 90<00:06:56.349> days<00:06:56.470> us<00:06:56.710> nine
to Nova Scotia in about 90 days us nine
to Nova Scotia in about 90 days us nine
half<00:06:57.190> thousand<00:06:57.669> kilometers<00:06:58.060> we<00:06:58.330> never
half thousand kilometers we never
half thousand kilometers we never
thought<00:06:58.750> that<00:06:58.810> happened<00:06:59.229> another<00:06:59.680> colleague
thought that happened another colleague
thought that happened another colleague
in<00:07:00.550> the<00:07:00.729> States<00:07:01.030> tagged<00:07:01.750> her<00:07:01.960> about<00:07:02.110> 20<00:07:02.320> shots
in the States tagged her about 20 shots
in the States tagged her about 20 shots
off<00:07:02.979> Massachusetts<00:07:03.669> and<00:07:03.880> his<00:07:04.300> tag<00:07:04.570> didn't
off Massachusetts and his tag didn't
off Massachusetts and his tag didn't
really<00:07:05.020> work<00:07:05.199> all<00:07:05.470> you<00:07:05.560> know<00:07:05.710> is<00:07:05.830> he<00:07:05.949> knows
really work all you know is he knows
really work all you know is he knows
where<00:07:06.520> he<00:07:06.580> tagged<00:07:06.820> them<00:07:07.030> he<00:07:07.419> knows<00:07:07.660> where<00:07:07.870> they
where he tagged them he knows where they
where he tagged them he knows where they
popped<00:07:08.199> off<00:07:08.410> and<00:07:08.620> his<00:07:09.160> tags<00:07:09.520> popped<00:07:09.849> off<00:07:10.000> in
popped off and his tags popped off in
popped off and his tags popped off in
the<00:07:10.240> Caribbean<00:07:10.810> and<00:07:10.990> even<00:07:11.889> in<00:07:11.979> Brazil<00:07:12.130> and<00:07:12.759> we
the Caribbean and even in Brazil and we
the Caribbean and even in Brazil and we
thought<00:07:13.150> the<00:07:13.330> basket<00:07:13.690> shots<00:07:13.870> with<00:07:14.080> temperate
thought the basket shots with temperate
thought the basket shots with temperate
animals<00:07:14.800> and<00:07:14.949> he<00:07:15.009> lived<00:07:15.220> in<00:07:15.310> sort<00:07:15.550> of<00:07:15.580> our
animals and he lived in sort of our
animals and he lived in sort of our
latitudes<00:07:16.479> for<00:07:16.660> natural<00:07:16.990> fat<00:07:17.229> they're
latitudes for natural fat they're
latitudes for natural fat they're
obviously<00:07:18.039> crossing<00:07:18.580> the<00:07:18.639> equator<00:07:18.729> as<00:07:19.090> well
obviously crossing the equator as well
obviously crossing the equator as well
so<00:07:19.539> very<00:07:20.169> simple<00:07:20.530> thing<00:07:20.680> like<00:07:20.710> that<00:07:21.039> we<00:07:21.190> stood
so very simple thing like that we stood
so very simple thing like that we stood
up<00:07:21.669> trying<00:07:21.970> to<00:07:22.090> learn<00:07:22.180> on<00:07:22.389> basking<00:07:22.750> sharks<00:07:23.639> one
up trying to learn on basking sharks one
up trying to learn on basking sharks one
thing<00:07:24.909> that<00:07:25.240> I<00:07:25.330> think<00:07:25.389> are<00:07:26.380> very<00:07:26.759> surprising
thing that I think are very surprising
thing that I think are very surprising
and<00:07:27.880> a<00:07:28.120> strange<00:07:28.419> thing<00:07:28.690> is<00:07:29.110> just<00:07:29.380> how<00:07:29.650> low<00:07:29.979> the
and a strange thing is just how low the
and a strange thing is just how low the
genetic<00:07:31.000> diversity<00:07:31.150> of<00:07:31.569> sharks<00:07:31.930> are<00:07:32.080> now<00:07:32.229> I'm
genetic diversity of sharks are now I'm
genetic diversity of sharks are now I'm
a<00:07:32.470> geneticist<00:07:32.860> so<00:07:33.070> I'm<00:07:33.130> not<00:07:33.250> going<00:07:33.400> to<00:07:33.460> pretend
a geneticist so I'm not going to pretend
a geneticist so I'm not going to pretend
to<00:07:34.000> understand<00:07:34.659> the<00:07:34.960> genetics<00:07:35.380> and<00:07:35.470> that's
to understand the genetics and that's
to understand the genetics and that's
why<00:07:35.800> it's<00:07:36.220> great<00:07:36.430> to<00:07:36.580> have<00:07:36.669> collaboration
why it's great to have collaboration
why it's great to have collaboration
whereas<00:07:38.110> I'm<00:07:38.229> a<00:07:38.259> field<00:07:38.560> person<00:07:39.009> I<00:07:39.159> get
whereas I'm a field person I get
whereas I'm a field person I get
patterns<00:07:40.210> it's<00:07:40.330> a<00:07:40.360> panic<00:07:40.630> attacks<00:07:40.900> if<00:07:41.080> I<00:07:41.169> have
patterns it's a panic attacks if I have
patterns it's a panic attacks if I have
to<00:07:41.320> spend<00:07:41.530> too<00:07:41.680> many<00:07:41.740> hours<00:07:41.860> in<00:07:42.099> a<00:07:42.250> lab<00:07:42.400> with<00:07:42.550> a
to spend too many hours in a lab with a
to spend too many hours in a lab with a
white<00:07:42.759> coat<00:07:42.970> on<00:07:43.150> take<00:07:43.990> me<00:07:44.139> away<00:07:44.349> and<00:07:44.650> so<00:07:45.550> we<00:07:45.729> can
white coat on take me away and so we can
white coat on take me away and so we can
work<00:07:46.060> with<00:07:46.180> geneticists<00:07:46.599> who<00:07:46.659> understand
work with geneticists who understand
work with geneticists who understand
that<00:07:47.199> so<00:07:47.830> when<00:07:47.949> they<00:07:48.039> look<00:07:48.159> at<00:07:48.219> the<00:07:48.340> genetics
that so when they look at the genetics
that so when they look at the genetics
of<00:07:48.820> Basilan<00:07:49.090> sharks<00:07:49.509> they<00:07:49.930> found<00:07:50.259> that<00:07:50.440> the
of Basilan sharks they found that the
of Basilan sharks they found that the
diversity<00:07:51.460> was<00:07:52.030> incredibly<00:07:52.719> low<00:07:53.139> if<00:07:53.530> you<00:07:53.620> look
diversity was incredibly low if you look
diversity was incredibly low if you look
at<00:07:53.860> the<00:07:53.949> first<00:07:54.219> line<00:07:54.520> really<00:07:54.969> you<00:07:55.330> can<00:07:55.509> see
at the first line really you can see
at the first line really you can see
that<00:07:55.810> all<00:07:55.930> these<00:07:56.050> different<00:07:56.229> shark<00:07:56.650> species
that all these different shark species
that all these different shark species
are<00:07:57.490> all<00:07:57.639> quite<00:07:57.849> similar<00:07:58.150> I<00:07:58.479> think<00:07:58.630> this<00:07:59.020> means
are all quite similar I think this means
are all quite similar I think this means
basically<00:07:59.530> they're<00:07:59.889> all<00:08:00.039> sharks<00:08:00.460> that<00:08:00.550> come
basically they're all sharks that come
basically they're all sharks that come
from<00:08:00.909> a<00:08:01.060> common<00:08:01.330> ancestry<00:08:01.870> but<00:08:02.409> if<00:08:02.500> you<00:08:02.560> look
from a common ancestry but if you look
from a common ancestry but if you look
at<00:08:02.800> nucleotide<00:08:03.190> diversity<00:08:03.820> which<00:08:04.719> is<00:08:04.870> more
at nucleotide diversity which is more
at nucleotide diversity which is more
genetic<00:08:05.770> sort<00:08:06.099> of<00:08:06.190> passed<00:08:06.370> on<00:08:06.610> through<00:08:07.000> the
genetic sort of passed on through the
genetic sort of passed on through the
parents<00:08:07.449> you<00:08:07.990> can<00:08:08.169> see<00:08:08.320> that<00:08:08.500> basking<00:08:08.889> sharks
parents you can see that basking sharks
parents you can see that basking sharks
and<00:08:09.460> look<00:08:09.550> at<00:08:09.639> the<00:08:09.699> first<00:08:09.849> study<00:08:10.210> was<00:08:10.870> ordre
and look at the first study was ordre
and look at the first study was ordre
magnitude<00:08:12.039> less<00:08:12.490> diversity<00:08:13.060> than<00:08:13.419> another
magnitude less diversity than another
magnitude less diversity than another
shark<00:08:14.050> species<00:08:14.289> and<00:08:14.800> you<00:08:14.860> can<00:08:14.979> see<00:08:15.070> this<00:08:15.159> were
shark species and you can see this were
shark species and you can see this were
presented<00:08:15.669> in<00:08:15.699> 2006<00:08:16.509> before<00:08:16.810> 2006<00:08:17.469> we<00:08:17.560> had<00:08:17.650> no
presented in 2006 before 2006 we had no
presented in 2006 before 2006 we had no
idea<00:08:18.130> of<00:08:18.340> the<00:08:18.849> genetic<00:08:19.240> variability<00:08:19.539> of
idea of the genetic variability of
idea of the genetic variability of
basking<00:08:20.259> sharks<00:08:20.530> we<00:08:20.620> had<00:08:20.740> no<00:08:20.800> idea<00:08:21.130> did<00:08:21.639> they
basking sharks we had no idea did they
basking sharks we had no idea did they
distinguish<00:08:22.479> in<00:08:22.599> two<00:08:22.690> different<00:08:22.990> populations
distinguish in two different populations
distinguish in two different populations
were<00:08:23.650> the<00:08:23.800> subpopulations<00:08:24.580> and<00:08:24.729> of<00:08:24.789> course
were the subpopulations and of course
were the subpopulations and of course
that's<00:08:25.090> very<00:08:25.150> important<00:08:25.599> if<00:08:25.659> you<00:08:25.719> want<00:08:25.750> to
that's very important if you want to
that's very important if you want to
know<00:08:26.050> what<00:08:26.169> the<00:08:26.229> population<00:08:26.740> size<00:08:26.949> is<00:08:27.219> and<00:08:27.520> the
know what the population size is and the
know what the population size is and the
status<00:08:28.150> of<00:08:28.270> the<00:08:28.330> animals<00:08:28.690> so<00:08:29.340> there's<00:08:30.340> Nobel
status of the animals so there's Nobel
status of the animals so there's Nobel
in<00:08:30.699> Aberdeen<00:08:31.030> kind<00:08:31.449> of<00:08:31.509> found<00:08:31.719> this<00:08:31.810> a<00:08:31.870> bit
in Aberdeen kind of found this a bit
in Aberdeen kind of found this a bit
unbelievable<00:08:32.890> really<00:08:33.039> so<00:08:33.610> he<00:08:34.300> he<00:08:35.339> he<00:08:36.339> did
unbelievable really so he he he did
unbelievable really so he he he did
another<00:08:36.699> study<00:08:37.029> using
another study using
another study using
microsatellites<00:08:39.730> which<00:08:40.180> is<00:08:40.270> much<00:08:40.419> more
microsatellites which is much more
microsatellites which is much more
expensive<00:08:40.780> much<00:08:41.230> more<00:08:41.470> time-consuming<00:08:41.850> and
expensive much more time-consuming and
expensive much more time-consuming and
to<00:08:43.030> his<00:08:43.180> surprise<00:08:43.330> came<00:08:43.900> up<00:08:44.050> with<00:08:44.140> almost
to his surprise came up with almost
to his surprise came up with almost
identical<00:08:44.550> results<00:08:45.550> so<00:08:46.480> it<00:08:46.600> does<00:08:46.750> seem<00:08:46.930> to<00:08:46.960> be
identical results so it does seem to be
identical results so it does seem to be
that<00:08:47.230> basket<00:08:47.920> sharks<00:08:48.160> for<00:08:48.280> some<00:08:48.460> reason<00:08:48.730> have
that basket sharks for some reason have
that basket sharks for some reason have
incredibly<00:08:49.300> low<00:08:49.570> diversity<00:08:50.230> and<00:08:50.710> it's
incredibly low diversity and it's
incredibly low diversity and it's
thought<00:08:50.950> maybe<00:08:51.130> there<00:08:51.280> was<00:08:51.340> a<00:08:51.460> bottleneck<00:08:52.060> the
thought maybe there was a bottleneck the
thought maybe there was a bottleneck the
genetic<00:08:52.570> bottleneck<00:08:52.690> thought<00:08:53.680> to<00:08:53.800> be<00:08:53.860> twelve
genetic bottleneck thought to be twelve
genetic bottleneck thought to be twelve
thousand<00:08:54.580> years<00:08:54.670> ago<00:08:55.090> and<00:08:55.330> this<00:08:55.600> is<00:08:55.660> cause<00:08:56.020> a
thousand years ago and this is cause a
thousand years ago and this is cause a
very<00:08:56.650> low<00:08:56.920> diversity<00:08:57.370> and<00:08:58.030> yet<00:08:58.180> if<00:08:58.270> you<00:08:58.360> look
very low diversity and yet if you look
very low diversity and yet if you look
at<00:08:58.570> whale<00:08:58.750> shark<00:08:59.110> which<00:08:59.410> is<00:08:59.590> the<00:08:59.710> other
at whale shark which is the other
at whale shark which is the other
plankton<00:09:00.370> eating<00:09:00.670> larger<00:09:01.510> shark<00:09:02.260> its
plankton eating larger shark its
plankton eating larger shark its
diversity<00:09:03.340> is<00:09:03.400> much<00:09:03.580> greater<00:09:03.790> so<00:09:04.210> it<00:09:04.600> doesn't
diversity is much greater so it doesn't
diversity is much greater so it doesn't
really<00:09:05.140> make<00:09:05.290> sense<00:09:05.320> at<00:09:05.680> all<00:09:05.860> they<00:09:06.730> found<00:09:06.940> that
really make sense at all they found that
really make sense at all they found that
there<00:09:07.240> was<00:09:07.300> no<00:09:07.570> genetic<00:09:08.170> differentiation
there was no genetic differentiation
there was no genetic differentiation
between<00:09:09.070> any<00:09:09.670> of<00:09:09.790> the<00:09:09.910> world's<00:09:10.180> oceans<00:09:10.510> of
between any of the world's oceans of
between any of the world's oceans of
basking<00:09:10.990> sharks<00:09:11.320> so<00:09:11.590> even<00:09:11.740> though<00:09:11.800> basking
basking sharks so even though basking
basking sharks so even though basking
sharks<00:09:12.400> are<00:09:12.490> found<00:09:12.640> throughout<00:09:12.850> the<00:09:12.910> world
sharks are found throughout the world
sharks are found throughout the world
you<00:09:13.720> couldn't<00:09:13.990> tell<00:09:14.110> the<00:09:14.170> difference<00:09:14.230> netic
you couldn't tell the difference netic
you couldn't tell the difference netic
Allah<00:09:14.920> from<00:09:15.040> one<00:09:15.250> from<00:09:15.400> the<00:09:15.490> Pacific<00:09:15.940> from<00:09:16.060> the
Allah from one from the Pacific from the
Allah from one from the Pacific from the
Atlantic<00:09:16.570> from<00:09:16.690> New<00:09:16.870> Zealand<00:09:16.900> or<00:09:17.410> from<00:09:17.860> Island
Atlantic from New Zealand or from Island
Atlantic from New Zealand or from Island
South<00:09:18.370> Africa<00:09:18.730> they<00:09:19.060> all<00:09:19.210> basically<00:09:19.360> seen<00:09:19.780> the
South Africa they all basically seen the
South Africa they all basically seen the
same<00:09:20.110> which<00:09:20.260> again<00:09:20.550> he's<00:09:21.550> kind<00:09:21.790> of<00:09:21.820> surprising
same which again he's kind of surprising
same which again he's kind of surprising
you<00:09:22.360> will<00:09:22.480> really<00:09:22.600> expect<00:09:22.990> that<00:09:23.140> I<00:09:23.380> don't
you will really expect that I don't
you will really expect that I don't
understand<00:09:24.730> this<00:09:24.850> I<00:09:24.910> don't<00:09:25.150> pretend<00:09:25.480> to
understand this I don't pretend to
understand this I don't pretend to
understand<00:09:26.050> this<00:09:26.200> and<00:09:26.410> I<00:09:26.470> suspect<00:09:26.980> most
understand this and I suspect most
understand this and I suspect most
janessa<00:09:27.400> don't<00:09:27.640> understand<00:09:27.910> it<00:09:28.000> either<00:09:28.120> but
janessa don't understand it either but
janessa don't understand it either but
they<00:09:28.510> produce<00:09:28.900> the<00:09:29.020> numbers<00:09:29.320> so<00:09:29.470> you<00:09:29.500> can
they produce the numbers so you can
they produce the numbers so you can
actually<00:09:29.860> estimate<00:09:30.130> the<00:09:30.790> population<00:09:31.600> size
actually estimate the population size
actually estimate the population size
based<00:09:32.260> on<00:09:32.470> the<00:09:32.620> diversity<00:09:33.130> of<00:09:33.160> the<00:09:33.310> genetics
based on the diversity of the genetics
based on the diversity of the genetics
and<00:09:33.940> Ross<00:09:34.840> also<00:09:35.230> came<00:09:35.740> up<00:09:35.860> with<00:09:35.890> a<00:09:36.010> popular
and Ross also came up with a popular
and Ross also came up with a popular
effective<00:09:36.820> population<00:09:36.970> size<00:09:37.330> eight<00:09:37.930> thousand
effective population size eight thousand
effective population size eight thousand
two<00:09:38.680> hundred<00:09:38.860> animals<00:09:39.430> that's<00:09:39.880> it
two hundred animals that's it
two hundred animals that's it
eight<00:09:41.110> thousand<00:09:41.530> animals<00:09:41.620> in<00:09:42.040> the<00:09:42.220> world
eight thousand animals in the world
eight thousand animals in the world
you're<00:09:42.670> thinking<00:09:42.970> that's<00:09:43.240> just<00:09:43.330> ridiculous
you're thinking that's just ridiculous
you're thinking that's just ridiculous
no<00:09:44.020> way<00:09:44.200> so<00:09:45.010> LEDs<00:09:45.250> did<00:09:45.490> a<00:09:45.610> finer<00:09:45.880> study<00:09:46.330> and<00:09:46.720> he
no way so LEDs did a finer study and he
no way so LEDs did a finer study and he
found<00:09:47.200> out<00:09:47.410> it<00:09:47.530> came<00:09:47.680> out<00:09:47.830> about<00:09:47.920> nine
found out it came out about nine
found out it came out about nine
thousand<00:09:48.760> and<00:09:49.380> using<00:09:50.380> different<00:09:50.710> micro
thousand and using different micro
thousand and using different micro
satellites<00:09:51.340> gave<00:09:51.550> you<00:09:51.640> different<00:09:52.000> results
satellites gave you different results
satellites gave you different results
but<00:09:52.570> the<00:09:52.660> average<00:09:52.810> of<00:09:53.110> all<00:09:53.260> these<00:09:53.380> studies
but the average of all these studies
but the average of all these studies
came<00:09:54.310> out<00:09:54.490> the<00:09:54.940> mean<00:09:55.150> is<00:09:55.390> about<00:09:55.570> five<00:09:55.900> thousand
came out the mean is about five thousand
came out the mean is about five thousand
which<00:09:57.250> you<00:09:57.430> know<00:09:57.550> I<00:09:57.760> personally<00:09:58.300> don't
which you know I personally don't
which you know I personally don't
believe<00:09:58.540> but<00:09:58.930> then<00:09:59.020> I<00:09:59.110> am<00:09:59.500> a<00:09:59.530> skeptic<00:09:59.950> but<00:10:00.130> even
believe but then I am a skeptic but even
believe but then I am a skeptic but even
if<00:10:01.120> you<00:10:01.210> kind<00:10:01.360> of<00:10:01.480> toss<00:10:01.660> a<00:10:01.690> few<00:10:01.900> numbers<00:10:02.200> around
if you kind of toss a few numbers around
if you kind of toss a few numbers around
you're<00:10:02.980> probably<00:10:03.130> talking<00:10:03.400> an<00:10:03.670> effective
you're probably talking an effective
you're probably talking an effective
population<00:10:04.600> about<00:10:04.750> twenty<00:10:05.170> thousand<00:10:05.500> animals
population about twenty thousand animals
population about twenty thousand animals
remember<00:10:06.310> how<00:10:06.520> many<00:10:06.580> they<00:10:06.760> killed<00:10:07.000> a<00:10:07.090> faculty
remember how many they killed a faculty
remember how many they killed a faculty
in<00:10:08.230> the<00:10:08.620> seventies<00:10:09.040> and<00:10:09.340> the<00:10:09.640> 50s<00:10:09.990> so<00:10:10.990> what<00:10:11.500> it
in the seventies and the 50s so what it
in the seventies and the 50s so what it
tells<00:10:11.830> us<00:10:12.040> actually<00:10:12.400> is<00:10:12.550> that<00:10:12.790> there's
tells us actually is that there's
tells us actually is that there's
actually<00:10:13.930> a<00:10:14.260> risk<00:10:14.530> of<00:10:14.680> extinction<00:10:15.100> of<00:10:15.310> this
actually a risk of extinction of this
actually a risk of extinction of this
species<00:10:15.850> because<00:10:16.120> his<00:10:16.240> population<00:10:16.780> is<00:10:16.900> so
species because his population is so
species because his population is so
small<00:10:17.350> and<00:10:17.560> in<00:10:17.620> fact<00:10:17.800> of<00:10:18.220> those<00:10:18.490> twenty
small and in fact of those twenty
small and in fact of those twenty
thousand<00:10:19.330> eight<00:10:19.480> thousand<00:10:19.990> were<00:10:20.110> thought<00:10:20.320> to
thousand eight thousand were thought to
thousand eight thousand were thought to
be<00:10:20.440> females<00:10:20.920> so<00:10:21.550> then<00:10:21.700> the<00:10:21.760> eight<00:10:21.850> thousand
be females so then the eight thousand
be females so then the eight thousand
basking<00:10:22.510> shark<00:10:22.720> and<00:10:22.960> females<00:10:23.290> in<00:10:23.380> the<00:10:23.440> world<00:10:23.620> I
basking shark and females in the world I
basking shark and females in the world I
don't<00:10:24.520> know<00:10:24.610> I<00:10:24.820> don't<00:10:25.030> believe<00:10:25.390> it
don't know I don't believe it
don't know I don't believe it
the<00:10:26.530> problem<00:10:26.950> with<00:10:27.070> this<00:10:27.250> is<00:10:27.490> they<00:10:28.090> were
the problem with this is they were
the problem with this is they were
constrained<00:10:28.720> with<00:10:29.140> samples<00:10:29.680> they<00:10:30.160> didn't<00:10:30.400> get
constrained with samples they didn't get
constrained with samples they didn't get
enough<00:10:30.670> samples<00:10:31.180> to<00:10:31.720> really<00:10:31.870> explore<00:10:32.380> the
enough samples to really explore the
enough samples to really explore the
genetics<00:10:32.980> in<00:10:33.100> in<00:10:33.670> in<00:10:33.880> enough<00:10:34.570> detail<00:10:35.190> so<00:10:36.190> where
genetics in in in enough detail so where
genetics in in in enough detail so where
do<00:10:36.910> you<00:10:37.000> get<00:10:37.530> samples<00:10:38.530> from<00:10:39.010> for<00:10:39.430> your<00:10:39.520> genetic
do you get samples from for your genetic
do you get samples from for your genetic
analysis<00:10:40.330> well<00:10:41.140> one<00:10:41.860> obvious<00:10:42.010> source<00:10:42.460> is<00:10:42.790> dead
analysis well one obvious source is dead
analysis well one obvious source is dead
sharks<00:10:43.450> -<00:10:43.960> sharks<00:10:44.020> washed<00:10:44.560> up<00:10:44.830> we<00:10:45.220> might<00:10:45.400> get
sharks - sharks washed up we might get
sharks - sharks washed up we might get
two<00:10:45.940> or<00:10:46.060> three<00:10:46.090> dead<00:10:46.750> sharks<00:10:47.110> washed<00:10:47.320> up<00:10:47.470> in
two or three dead sharks washed up in
two or three dead sharks washed up in
Island<00:10:47.800> a<00:10:47.860> year<00:10:48.040> if
Island a year if
Island a year if
kind<00:10:48.630> of<00:10:48.690> lucky<00:10:49.160> another<00:10:50.160> source<00:10:50.490> would<00:10:50.790> be
kind of lucky another source would be
kind of lucky another source would be
fisheries<00:10:51.540> bycatch<00:10:51.960> we<00:10:52.380> were<00:10:52.560> getting<00:10:52.830> quite
fisheries bycatch we were getting quite
fisheries bycatch we were getting quite
a<00:10:53.040> few<00:10:53.130> caught<00:10:53.490> in<00:10:53.700> in<00:10:54.000> surface<00:10:54.450> drift<00:10:54.690> nets
a few caught in in surface drift nets
a few caught in in surface drift nets
that's<00:10:55.590> now<00:10:55.740> banned<00:10:56.040> now<00:10:56.220> and<00:10:56.340> that'll<00:10:56.520> be
that's now banned now and that'll be
that's now banned now and that'll be
good<00:10:56.730> good<00:10:57.000> news<00:10:57.150> for<00:10:57.360> sharks<00:10:57.750> and<00:10:58.380> someone
good good news for sharks and someone
good good news for sharks and someone
caught<00:10:58.800> a<00:10:58.830> net<00:10:59.070> in<00:10:59.340> in<00:10:59.640> trolls<00:10:59.940> this<00:11:00.120> is<00:11:00.270> a<00:11:00.300> shot
caught a net in in trolls this is a shot
caught a net in in trolls this is a shot
was<00:11:00.810> actually<00:11:00.870> landed<00:11:01.350> in<00:11:01.470> hose<00:11:01.710> just<00:11:02.610> before
was actually landed in hose just before
was actually landed in hose just before
Christmas<00:11:03.240> illegally<00:11:03.900> because<00:11:04.080> you're<00:11:04.290> not
Christmas illegally because you're not
Christmas illegally because you're not
allowed<00:11:04.560> to<00:11:04.590> do<00:11:04.770> that<00:11:04.890> under<00:11:04.950> EU<00:11:05.220> law<00:11:05.610> and<00:11:06.000> was
allowed to do that under EU law and was
allowed to do that under EU law and was
actually<00:11:06.330> sold<00:11:06.690> for<00:11:06.870> eight<00:11:07.350> euros<00:11:07.650> a<00:11:07.770> kilo<00:11:07.920> as
actually sold for eight euros a kilo as
actually sold for eight euros a kilo as
the<00:11:08.850> Sharks<00:11:09.210> they<00:11:09.360> even<00:11:09.690> put<00:11:09.780> a<00:11:09.810> recipe<00:11:10.200> up<00:11:10.290> on
the Sharks they even put a recipe up on
the Sharks they even put a recipe up on
the<00:11:10.500> wall<00:11:10.680> until<00:11:10.980> they<00:11:11.100> were<00:11:11.190> told<00:11:11.370> this<00:11:11.520> was
the wall until they were told this was
the wall until they were told this was
illegal<00:11:12.090> and<00:11:12.210> they<00:11:12.420> actually<00:11:12.660> did<00:11:12.810> get<00:11:12.900> a<00:11:12.960> fine
illegal and they actually did get a fine
illegal and they actually did get a fine
for<00:11:13.440> that<00:11:13.470> so<00:11:14.370> if<00:11:15.270> you<00:11:15.420> look<00:11:15.540> at<00:11:15.660> all<00:11:15.780> those
for that so if you look at all those
for that so if you look at all those
studies<00:11:16.170> I<00:11:16.350> showed<00:11:16.620> you<00:11:16.800> the<00:11:17.340> total<00:11:17.640> number<00:11:17.850> of
studies I showed you the total number of
studies I showed you the total number of
samples<00:11:18.420> worldwide<00:11:19.200> worldwide<00:11:19.500> is<00:11:20.070> 86<00:11:20.700> at
samples worldwide worldwide is 86 at
samples worldwide worldwide is 86 at
present<00:11:21.350> so<00:11:22.430> it's<00:11:23.430> very<00:11:23.610> important<00:11:24.000> work<00:11:24.210> and
present so it's very important work and
present so it's very important work and
they<00:11:24.510> can<00:11:24.630> ask<00:11:24.750> them<00:11:24.900> really<00:11:24.990> good<00:11:25.200> questions
they can ask them really good questions
they can ask them really good questions
and<00:11:25.800> they<00:11:25.860> can<00:11:26.010> talk<00:11:26.190> to<00:11:26.220> us<00:11:26.370> about<00:11:26.520> population
and they can talk to us about population
and they can talk to us about population
size<00:11:27.360> and<00:11:27.390> sub<00:11:28.080> sub<00:11:28.530> populations<00:11:29.190> and
size and sub sub populations and
size and sub sub populations and
structure<00:11:30.450> but<00:11:30.840> they<00:11:30.960> bet<00:11:31.320> they're
structure but they bet they're
structure but they bet they're
constrained<00:11:32.010> by<00:11:32.190> lack<00:11:32.370> of<00:11:32.490> samples<00:11:33.170> now<00:11:34.170> when
constrained by lack of samples now when
constrained by lack of samples now when
we<00:11:34.470> were<00:11:34.620> out<00:11:34.770> tagging<00:11:35.220> our<00:11:35.340> sharks<00:11:35.730> is<00:11:35.880> how<00:11:35.970> we
we were out tagging our sharks is how we
we were out tagging our sharks is how we
tagged<00:11:36.330> them<00:11:36.450> on<00:11:36.540> on<00:11:36.720> the<00:11:36.810> front<00:11:36.900> of<00:11:37.050> a<00:11:37.140> rib<00:11:37.350> get
tagged them on on the front of a rib get
tagged them on on the front of a rib get
in<00:11:37.950> there<00:11:38.100> fast<00:11:38.660> occasionally<00:11:39.660> the<00:11:40.140> shark<00:11:40.440> do
in there fast occasionally the shark do
in there fast occasionally the shark do
react<00:11:40.950> and<00:11:41.370> I<00:11:41.580> one<00:11:41.760> occasion<00:11:42.210> when<00:11:42.330> were<00:11:42.420> up<00:11:42.510> in
react and I one occasion when were up in
react and I one occasion when were up in
Mallen<00:11:42.900> head<00:11:43.110> open<00:11:43.350> Tony<00:11:43.500> Gore<00:11:43.740> the<00:11:44.040> shark
Mallen head open Tony Gore the shark
Mallen head open Tony Gore the shark
smack<00:11:45.240> the<00:11:45.390> side<00:11:45.600> of<00:11:45.690> the<00:11:45.750> boat<00:11:45.930> with<00:11:46.110> his<00:11:46.230> tail
smack the side of the boat with his tail
smack the side of the boat with his tail
more<00:11:47.010> and<00:11:47.250> I<00:11:47.310> think<00:11:47.520> in<00:11:47.700> start<00:11:48.570> of<00:11:48.750> the<00:11:48.900> fact
more and I think in start of the fact
more and I think in start of the fact
that<00:11:49.140> a<00:11:49.230> boat<00:11:49.410> came<00:11:49.620> near<00:11:49.830> it<00:11:49.890> rather<00:11:50.160> than<00:11:50.280> the
that a boat came near it rather than the
that a boat came near it rather than the
tank<00:11:51.270> going<00:11:51.540> in<00:11:51.690> and<00:11:51.900> that<00:11:52.830> was<00:11:52.950> fine<00:11:53.130> we<00:11:53.280> got
tank going in and that was fine we got
tank going in and that was fine we got
wet<00:11:53.640> no<00:11:54.000> no<00:11:54.180> problem
wet no no problem
wet no no problem
and<00:11:55.320> then<00:11:55.440> when<00:11:55.560> myself<00:11:55.710> and<00:11:55.920> Emma<00:11:56.130> got<00:11:56.310> back
and then when myself and Emma got back
and then when myself and Emma got back
to<00:11:56.700> to<00:11:57.360> malin<00:11:57.630> head<00:11:57.660> to<00:11:58.500> the<00:11:58.680> pier<00:11:58.890> I<00:11:59.130> noticed
to to malin head to the pier I noticed
to to malin head to the pier I noticed
some<00:11:59.850> black<00:12:00.060> slime<00:12:00.480> on<00:12:00.780> the<00:12:00.990> front<00:12:01.320> of<00:12:01.350> the
some black slime on the front of the
some black slime on the front of the
boat<00:12:01.620> and<00:12:01.770> I<00:12:01.830> remembered<00:12:02.190> we<00:12:02.580> spent<00:12:02.760> a<00:12:02.790> lot<00:12:02.850> of
boat and I remembered we spent a lot of
boat and I remembered we spent a lot of
time<00:12:03.090> out<00:12:03.210> on<00:12:03.240> commercial<00:12:03.690> fishing<00:12:03.840> boats
time out on commercial fishing boats
time out on commercial fishing boats
emember<00:12:04.680> fishing<00:12:05.010> telling<00:12:05.340> me<00:12:05.400> they<00:12:05.520> can
emember fishing telling me they can
emember fishing telling me they can
always<00:12:05.790> tell<00:12:05.880> when<00:12:06.180> a<00:12:06.240> basking<00:12:06.540> sharks<00:12:06.720> been
always tell when a basking sharks been
always tell when a basking sharks been
calling<00:12:07.080> the<00:12:07.140> net<00:12:07.350> because<00:12:07.710> he<00:12:07.920> leaves<00:12:08.100> this
calling the net because he leaves this
calling the net because he leaves this
black<00:12:08.490> slime<00:12:08.850> behind<00:12:09.060> so<00:12:09.750> I<00:12:09.810> was<00:12:09.900> thinking
black slime behind so I was thinking
black slime behind so I was thinking
well<00:12:10.290> that<00:12:10.320> that<00:12:10.560> must<00:12:10.710> have<00:12:10.830> come<00:12:10.980> from<00:12:11.190> from
well that that must have come from from
well that that must have come from from
the<00:12:11.550> shark<00:12:11.820> now<00:12:12.270> we<00:12:12.570> had<00:12:12.660> an<00:12:12.750> interest<00:12:13.050> in<00:12:13.290> in
the shark now we had an interest in in
the shark now we had an interest in in
getting<00:12:13.770> tissue<00:12:14.490> samples<00:12:15.000> for<00:12:15.540> genetics<00:12:15.960> cuz
getting tissue samples for genetics cuz
getting tissue samples for genetics cuz
we<00:12:16.200> knew<00:12:16.320> they<00:12:16.500> were<00:12:16.530> very<00:12:16.710> valuable<00:12:17.010> and<00:12:17.460> we
we knew they were very valuable and we
we knew they were very valuable and we
would<00:12:17.730> use<00:12:17.910> conventional<00:12:18.480> methods<00:12:18.720> I<00:12:18.810> have<00:12:18.900> a
would use conventional methods I have a
would use conventional methods I have a
crossbow<00:12:19.560> to<00:12:19.830> see<00:12:19.950> across<00:12:20.130> with<00:12:20.400> in<00:12:20.490> my<00:12:20.580> hand
crossbow to see across with in my hand
crossbow to see across with in my hand
there<00:12:20.940> which<00:12:21.570> we<00:12:21.750> used<00:12:21.990> to<00:12:22.080> sample<00:12:22.350> whales<00:12:22.710> and
there which we used to sample whales and
there which we used to sample whales and
dolphins<00:12:23.100> for<00:12:23.550> genetic<00:12:23.940> studies<00:12:24.300> as<00:12:24.420> well<00:12:24.570> so
dolphins for genetic studies as well so
dolphins for genetic studies as well so
I<00:12:25.200> tried<00:12:25.620> that<00:12:25.800> I<00:12:25.860> tried<00:12:26.130> many<00:12:26.280> techniques<00:12:26.610> all
I tried that I tried many techniques all
I tried that I tried many techniques all
in<00:12:26.970> all<00:12:27.150> he<00:12:27.210> was<00:12:27.330> doing<00:12:27.360> was<00:12:27.570> breaking<00:12:28.020> my
in all he was doing was breaking my
in all he was doing was breaking my
arrows<00:12:28.440> because<00:12:29.220> the<00:12:29.430> shark's<00:12:29.790> skin<00:12:30.000> is<00:12:30.150> just
arrows because the shark's skin is just
arrows because the shark's skin is just
so<00:12:30.480> strong<00:12:30.870> there<00:12:31.560> was<00:12:31.650> no<00:12:31.830> way<00:12:31.980> we're<00:12:32.130> gonna
so strong there was no way we're gonna
so strong there was no way we're gonna
get<00:12:32.370> a<00:12:32.430> sample<00:12:32.640> from<00:12:32.850> that<00:12:33.090> so<00:12:33.570> that<00:12:33.830> wasn't
get a sample from that so that wasn't
get a sample from that so that wasn't
gonna<00:12:34.920> work<00:12:35.160> so<00:12:35.970> when<00:12:36.090> I<00:12:36.120> saw<00:12:36.330> the<00:12:36.390> black<00:12:36.660> slime
gonna work so when I saw the black slime
gonna work so when I saw the black slime
on<00:12:37.230> the<00:12:37.290> on<00:12:37.590> the<00:12:37.680> bow<00:12:37.890> of<00:12:37.920> the<00:12:38.070> boats<00:12:38.280> I<00:12:38.430> thought
on the on the bow of the boats I thought
on the on the bow of the boats I thought
well<00:12:38.880> you<00:12:39.150> know<00:12:39.180> if<00:12:39.570> you<00:12:39.690> take<00:12:39.870> what<00:12:40.020> you're
well you know if you take what you're
well you know if you take what you're
given<00:12:40.170> in<00:12:40.410> this<00:12:40.500> of<00:12:40.680> this<00:12:40.800> world
given in this of this world
given in this of this world
so<00:12:41.610> I<00:12:41.640> scraped<00:12:42.150> it<00:12:42.300> off<00:12:42.420> and<00:12:42.690> had<00:12:42.840> a<00:12:42.870> little
so I scraped it off and had a little
so I scraped it off and had a little
tube<00:12:43.700> with<00:12:44.700> the<00:12:44.880> alcohol<00:12:45.210> in<00:12:45.450> to<00:12:46.200> send<00:12:46.440> the
tube with the alcohol in to send the
tube with the alcohol in to send the
geneticist<00:12:46.980> so<00:12:47.070> I<00:12:47.100> scraped<00:12:47.520> the<00:12:47.580> slime<00:12:47.850> off
geneticist so I scraped the slime off
geneticist so I scraped the slime off
and<00:12:48.240> I<00:12:48.270> sent<00:12:48.630> it<00:12:48.720> off<00:12:48.840> to<00:12:48.870> Aberdeen<00:12:49.320> and<00:12:50.310> I<00:12:50.400> said
and I sent it off to Aberdeen and I said
and I sent it off to Aberdeen and I said
you<00:12:50.640> might<00:12:50.760> try<00:12:51.000> that<00:12:51.210> and<00:12:51.450> they<00:12:52.260> sat<00:12:52.470> in<00:12:52.560> it
you might try that and they sat in it
you might try that and they sat in it
for<00:12:52.680> months<00:12:52.980> action<00:12:53.340> he<00:12:53.400> was<00:12:53.520> only<00:12:53.640> cause
for months action he was only cause
for months action he was only cause
we're<00:12:53.850> at<00:12:53.910> a<00:12:53.940> conference<00:12:54.150> in<00:12:54.360> the<00:12:54.450> Isle<00:12:54.540> of<00:12:54.570> Man
we're at a conference in the Isle of Man
we're at a conference in the Isle of Man
but<00:12:55.260> I<00:12:55.320> kept<00:12:55.530> emailing<00:12:55.860> les<00:12:56.280> saying<00:12:56.520> you<00:12:56.640> had<00:12:56.760> a
but I kept emailing les saying you had a
but I kept emailing les saying you had a
chance<00:12:57.030> to<00:12:57.120> look<00:12:57.210> at<00:12:57.300> mass<00:12:57.450> Lyme<00:12:57.660> yet<00:12:57.900> you<00:12:58.020> know
chance to look at mass Lyme yet you know
chance to look at mass Lyme yet you know
he's<00:12:58.680> like<00:12:58.800> yeah<00:12:59.010> yeah<00:12:59.250> yeah<00:12:59.280> yeah<00:12:59.700> later
he's like yeah yeah yeah yeah later
he's like yeah yeah yeah yeah later
later<00:13:00.540> later
later later
later later
anyway<00:13:01.380> they<00:13:01.500> thought<00:13:01.650> well<00:13:01.800> they<00:13:01.860> better<00:13:01.950> do
anyway they thought well they better do
anyway they thought well they better do
it<00:13:02.250> because<00:13:02.400> I've<00:13:02.490> met<00:13:02.700> him<00:13:02.850> before<00:13:02.880> I<00:13:03.150> mean
it because I've met him before I mean
it because I've met him before I mean
you<00:13:03.450> know<00:13:03.540> you<00:13:04.020> might<00:13:04.410> lose<00:13:04.620> face<00:13:04.800> if<00:13:05.010> he
you know you might lose face if he
you know you might lose face if he
hadn't<00:13:05.520> done<00:13:05.670> the<00:13:06.150> thing<00:13:06.360> I<00:13:06.450> sent<00:13:06.660> him<00:13:06.870> and<00:13:07.440> he
hadn't done the thing I sent him and he
hadn't done the thing I sent him and he
was<00:13:07.710> amazed<00:13:08.010> that<00:13:08.190> they<00:13:08.400> actually<00:13:08.520> got<00:13:08.760> DNA
was amazed that they actually got DNA
was amazed that they actually got DNA
from<00:13:09.390> the<00:13:09.510> slime<00:13:09.780> and<00:13:09.990> they<00:13:10.050> amplified<00:13:10.500> it<00:13:10.680> and
from the slime and they amplified it and
from the slime and they amplified it and
they<00:13:10.890> tested<00:13:11.250> and<00:13:11.370> they<00:13:11.430> found<00:13:11.580> yes<00:13:11.850> this<00:13:12.030> was
they tested and they found yes this was
they tested and they found yes this was
actually<00:13:12.360> a<00:13:12.540> basking<00:13:12.900> shark<00:13:13.070> DNA<00:13:14.070> was<00:13:14.850> taken
actually a basking shark DNA was taken
actually a basking shark DNA was taken
was<00:13:15.570> got<00:13:15.810> from<00:13:16.110> the<00:13:16.230> slime<00:13:17.090> so<00:13:18.090> he<00:13:18.240> was<00:13:18.330> all
was got from the slime so he was all
was got from the slime so he was all
very<00:13:18.570> excited<00:13:19.050> he<00:13:19.140> became<00:13:19.380> known<00:13:19.590> as<00:13:19.650> a<00:13:19.860> Simon
very excited he became known as a Simon
very excited he became known as a Simon
shark<00:13:21.300> slime<00:13:21.780> and<00:13:22.440> I<00:13:22.590> thought<00:13:22.740> hey<00:13:22.980> you<00:13:23.040> know<00:13:23.310> I
shark slime and I thought hey you know I
shark slime and I thought hey you know I
can<00:13:23.670> I<00:13:23.730> can<00:13:23.940> I<00:13:24.120> can<00:13:24.180> build<00:13:24.420> on<00:13:24.570> this<00:13:24.750> so<00:13:25.470> we
can I can I can build on this so we
can I can I can build on this so we
thought<00:13:25.710> well<00:13:25.890> ok<00:13:26.460> we're<00:13:26.970> gonna<00:13:27.120> try<00:13:27.390> and<00:13:27.540> get
thought well ok we're gonna try and get
thought well ok we're gonna try and get
out<00:13:27.720> get<00:13:28.020> some<00:13:28.080> slime
out get some slime
out get some slime
so<00:13:29.250> having<00:13:29.550> spent<00:13:29.880> three<00:13:30.150> and<00:13:30.180> a<00:13:30.300> half
so having spent three and a half
so having spent three and a half
thousand<00:13:31.470> on<00:13:31.560> satellite<00:13:32.010> tags<00:13:32.280> I<00:13:34.670> then
thousand on satellite tags I then
thousand on satellite tags I then
thought<00:13:35.940> I'd<00:13:36.150> invest<00:13:36.510> 795<00:13:37.320> the<00:13:37.530> pricey<00:13:37.770> salon
thought I'd invest 795 the pricey salon
thought I'd invest 795 the pricey salon
it<00:13:38.280> my<00:13:38.970> local<00:13:39.180> hardware<00:13:39.630> store<00:13:40.020> in<00:13:40.140> purush<00:13:40.530> for
it my local hardware store in purush for
it my local hardware store in purush for
a<00:13:41.220> mop<00:13:41.670> handle<00:13:41.880> and<00:13:42.330> even<00:13:43.230> less<00:13:43.410> money<00:13:43.680> on<00:13:43.890> some
a mop handle and even less money on some
a mop handle and even less money on some
oven<00:13:44.820> cleaners<00:13:45.240> and<00:13:45.450> I<00:13:45.930> wrapped<00:13:46.230> the<00:13:46.380> oven
oven cleaners and I wrapped the oven
oven cleaners and I wrapped the oven
clean<00:13:46.830> around<00:13:47.160> the<00:13:47.340> end<00:13:47.520> of<00:13:47.580> the<00:13:47.670> mop<00:13:47.820> handle
clean around the end of the mop handle
clean around the end of the mop handle
and<00:13:51.320> it<00:13:52.320> was<00:13:52.410> desperate<00:13:52.740> desperate<00:13:53.700> to<00:13:53.850> have
and it was desperate desperate to have
and it was desperate desperate to have
an<00:13:54.090> opportunity<00:13:54.300> to<00:13:54.870> get<00:13:55.260> some<00:13:55.500> sharks<00:13:55.860> now
an opportunity to get some sharks now
an opportunity to get some sharks now
this<00:13:56.070> was<00:13:56.250> into<00:13:56.460> August<00:13:56.580> now<00:13:56.910> and<00:13:57.090> there's<00:13:57.210> not
this was into August now and there's not
this was into August now and there's not
very<00:13:57.390> sharks<00:13:57.930> usually<00:13:58.320> kind<00:13:58.680> of<00:13:58.710> peek<00:13:58.920> in<00:13:59.100> a
very sharks usually kind of peek in a
very sharks usually kind of peek in a
June<00:13:59.640> July<00:13:59.940> and<00:13:59.970> you<00:14:00.270> rarely<00:14:00.600> see<00:14:00.750> them<00:14:01.050> you
June July and you rarely see them you
June July and you rarely see them you
know<00:14:01.620> you<00:14:01.770> really<00:14:01.980> can<00:14:02.190> be<00:14:02.250> in<00:14:02.310> the<00:14:02.370> right
know you really can be in the right
know you really can be in the right
place<00:14:02.730> to<00:14:03.060> find<00:14:03.090> sharks<00:14:03.630> into<00:14:03.810> August<00:14:04.200> and<00:14:04.440> so
place to find sharks into August and so
place to find sharks into August and so
we<00:14:05.040> were<00:14:05.100> desperate<00:14:05.310> so<00:14:05.640> we<00:14:05.760> rushed<00:14:05.940> out<00:14:06.150> the
we were desperate so we rushed out the
we were desperate so we rushed out the
blast<00:14:06.480> case<00:14:06.690> as<00:14:06.840> soon<00:14:07.080> as<00:14:07.200> we<00:14:07.290> heard<00:14:07.440> there
blast case as soon as we heard there
blast case as soon as we heard there
were<00:14:07.590> sharks<00:14:07.860> there<00:14:08.160> and<00:14:08.510> managed<00:14:09.510> to<00:14:09.540> find
were sharks there and managed to find
were sharks there and managed to find
some<00:14:09.990> sharks<00:14:10.320> so<00:14:11.160> by<00:14:11.370> just<00:14:11.670> rubbing<00:14:12.300> the<00:14:13.020> mop
some sharks so by just rubbing the mop
some sharks so by just rubbing the mop
handle<00:14:13.710> down<00:14:13.890> the<00:14:14.070> shark<00:14:14.340> as<00:14:14.550> its<00:14:14.700> swam<00:14:14.910> under
handle down the shark as its swam under
handle down the shark as its swam under
the<00:14:15.210> boat<00:14:15.420> you<00:14:16.170> see<00:14:16.350> here<00:14:16.530> as<00:14:16.620> a<00:14:16.650> shark<00:14:16.980> was
the boat you see here as a shark was
the boat you see here as a shark was
running<00:14:17.370> on<00:14:17.460> the<00:14:17.490> boat<00:14:17.700> here<00:14:17.940> we<00:14:18.690> managed<00:14:18.960> to
running on the boat here we managed to
running on the boat here we managed to
collect<00:14:19.230> slime<00:14:19.620> and<00:14:19.980> here<00:14:20.250> is<00:14:20.430> look<00:14:21.360> at<00:14:21.450> that
collect slime and here is look at that
collect slime and here is look at that
lovely<00:14:21.930> black<00:14:22.970> shark<00:14:23.970> slime<00:14:24.300> and<00:14:24.810> in<00:14:25.560> about
lovely black shark slime and in about
lovely black shark slime and in about
half<00:14:26.790> an<00:14:27.030> hour<00:14:27.180> we<00:14:27.870> got<00:14:28.110> five<00:14:28.770> samples<00:14:29.370> five
half an hour we got five samples five
half an hour we got five samples five
individual<00:14:30.300> sharks<00:14:30.630> with<00:14:30.780> sample<00:14:31.140> using
individual sharks with sample using
individual sharks with sample using
Simon's<00:14:32.130> shark<00:14:32.850> slime<00:14:33.210> sampling<00:14:33.780> system
I<00:14:41.179> think<00:14:41.869> working<00:14:42.109> at<00:14:42.229> whales<00:14:42.409> and<00:14:42.559> dolphins
I think working at whales and dolphins
I think working at whales and dolphins
in<00:14:42.919> Ireland<00:14:43.219> for<00:14:43.339> 20<00:14:43.609> years<00:14:43.759> now<00:14:43.999> and<00:14:44.209> you<00:14:44.299> know
in Ireland for 20 years now and you know
in Ireland for 20 years now and you know
and<00:14:44.509> they're<00:14:44.599> kind<00:14:44.809> of<00:14:44.839> bit<00:14:44.989> more<00:14:45.199> a<00:14:45.229> bit<00:14:45.619> more
and they're kind of bit more a bit more
and they're kind of bit more a bit more
dramatic<00:14:46.099> you<00:14:46.429> probably<00:14:46.639> saw<00:14:46.759> the<00:14:46.819> humpback
dramatic you probably saw the humpback
dramatic you probably saw the humpback
whale<00:14:47.359> footage<00:14:47.749> that<00:14:47.929> we<00:14:48.019> got<00:14:48.199> there<00:14:48.409> a<00:14:48.739> month
whale footage that we got there a month
whale footage that we got there a month
or<00:14:49.099> two<00:14:49.189> ago<00:14:49.219> of<00:14:49.489> County<00:14:49.789> Wexford<00:14:49.909> and<00:14:50.509> you
or two ago of County Wexford and you
or two ago of County Wexford and you
know<00:14:50.719> you<00:14:50.779> always<00:14:50.959> think<00:14:51.289> you<00:14:51.409> might<00:14:51.589> have
know you always think you might have
know you always think you might have
some<00:14:51.889> legacy<00:14:52.189> you<00:14:52.369> can<00:14:52.519> leave<00:14:52.639> the<00:14:52.819> world
some legacy you can leave the world
some legacy you can leave the world
behind<00:14:53.119> a<00:14:53.419> lot<00:14:53.569> of<00:14:53.629> sleep<00:14:53.809> enough
behind a lot of sleep enough
behind a lot of sleep enough
how<00:14:54.649> about<00:14:54.859> whales<00:14:55.159> breaching<00:14:55.609> and<00:14:56.059> dolphins
how about whales breaching and dolphins
how about whales breaching and dolphins
but<00:14:57.229> hey<00:14:57.379> you<00:14:58.039> know<00:14:58.159> sometimes<00:14:58.639> these<00:14:58.879> things
but hey you know sometimes these things
but hey you know sometimes these things
are<00:14:59.239> sent<00:14:59.389> to<00:14:59.479> you<00:14:59.569> and<00:14:59.689> you<00:14:59.749> just<00:14:59.869> have<00:15:00.019> to
are sent to you and you just have to
are sent to you and you just have to
take<00:15:00.259> when<00:15:00.469> they<00:15:00.589> come<00:15:00.769> so<00:15:01.039> this<00:15:01.399> is<00:15:01.579> possibly
take when they come so this is possibly
take when they come so this is possibly
gonna<00:15:02.119> be<00:15:02.179> my<00:15:02.359> legacy
gonna be my legacy
gonna be my legacy
Simon<00:15:03.919> shark<00:15:04.219> slime<00:15:04.869> so<00:15:05.869> we've<00:15:06.079> we've<00:15:06.319> got
Simon shark slime so we've we've got
Simon shark slime so we've we've got
more<00:15:06.559> money<00:15:06.709> actually<00:15:06.859> this<00:15:07.099> year<00:15:07.159> to<00:15:07.429> carry
more money actually this year to carry
more money actually this year to carry
on<00:15:07.789> collecting<00:15:08.509> more<00:15:08.929> and<00:15:09.049> more<00:15:09.139> samples<00:15:09.349> and
on collecting more and more samples and
on collecting more and more samples and
one<00:15:10.189> thing<00:15:10.369> that<00:15:10.849> is<00:15:10.969> kind<00:15:11.149> of<00:15:11.239> very<00:15:11.329> useful<00:15:11.539> is
one thing that is kind of very useful is
one thing that is kind of very useful is
we<00:15:11.929> use<00:15:12.079> the<00:15:12.199> poll<00:15:12.409> cameras<00:15:12.739> in<00:15:12.889> college
we use the poll cameras in college
we use the poll cameras in college
around<00:15:13.849> with<00:15:13.969> a<00:15:13.999> poll<00:15:14.209> camera<00:15:14.569> where<00:15:15.019> you<00:15:15.109> can
around with a poll camera where you can
around with a poll camera where you can
actually<00:15:15.349> look<00:15:15.679> underneath<00:15:16.129> the<00:15:16.339> shark<00:15:16.639> and
actually look underneath the shark and
actually look underneath the shark and
what<00:15:17.359> you're<00:15:17.479> trying<00:15:17.569> to<00:15:17.749> look<00:15:17.869> at<00:15:18.049> is<00:15:18.379> the
what you're trying to look at is the
what you're trying to look at is the
male's<00:15:18.859> of<00:15:19.009> claspers<00:15:19.579> which<00:15:19.909> kind<00:15:20.119> of<00:15:20.179> dangle
male's of claspers which kind of dangle
male's of claspers which kind of dangle
out<00:15:20.659> behind<00:15:21.049> the<00:15:21.589> back<00:15:21.769> of<00:15:21.919> the<00:15:21.979> shark<00:15:22.249> so<00:15:22.669> you
out behind the back of the shark so you
out behind the back of the shark so you
can<00:15:22.909> quite<00:15:23.089> easily<00:15:23.239> tell<00:15:23.539> the<00:15:23.659> gender<00:15:23.899> of<00:15:24.259> the
can quite easily tell the gender of the
can quite easily tell the gender of the
shark<00:15:24.799> so<00:15:25.309> if<00:15:25.459> we<00:15:25.639> can<00:15:25.909> tell<00:15:26.599> the<00:15:26.719> gender<00:15:26.929> of
shark so if we can tell the gender of
shark so if we can tell the gender of
the<00:15:27.079> shark<00:15:27.379> before<00:15:27.829> we<00:15:27.979> sample<00:15:28.639> it<00:15:28.699> weak
the shark before we sample it weak
the shark before we sample it weak
intelligent<00:15:29.779> ethicists<00:15:30.169> this<00:15:30.319> were<00:15:30.469> taking
intelligent ethicists this were taking
intelligent ethicists this were taking
it<00:15:30.769> from<00:15:30.919> a<00:15:30.949> male<00:15:31.129> or<00:15:31.279> a<00:15:31.369> female<00:15:31.399> because<00:15:32.119> at
it from a male or a female because at
it from a male or a female because at
the<00:15:32.389> moment<00:15:32.419> they<00:15:32.809> actually<00:15:33.049> have<00:15:33.139> no<00:15:33.319> way
the moment they actually have no way
the moment they actually have no way
genetically<00:15:34.429> obtained<00:15:34.759> a<00:15:34.789> difference<00:15:35.119> in<00:15:35.209> a
genetically obtained a difference in a
genetically obtained a difference in a
male<00:15:35.449> and<00:15:35.569> a<00:15:35.599> female<00:15:35.629> which<00:15:36.259> I<00:15:36.379> find
male and a female which I find
male and a female which I find
absolutely<00:15:36.859> staggering<00:15:37.219> because<00:15:38.059> they<00:15:38.149> don't
absolutely staggering because they don't
absolutely staggering because they don't
know<00:15:38.449> what<00:15:38.629> primers<00:15:39.019> to<00:15:39.049> look<00:15:39.259> for<00:15:39.469> and<00:15:40.399> being
know what primers to look for and being
know what primers to look for and being
able<00:15:41.449> to<00:15:41.599> tell<00:15:42.559> the<00:15:42.679> gender<00:15:42.889> of<00:15:43.099> shark<00:15:43.369> it's
able to tell the gender of shark it's
able to tell the gender of shark it's
got<00:15:43.729> very<00:15:43.939> important<00:15:44.449> for<00:15:44.569> things<00:15:44.719> like
got very important for things like
got very important for things like
policing<00:15:46.639> the<00:15:46.729> trade-in<00:15:47.659> in<00:15:48.439> shark<00:15:49.069> basking
policing the trade-in in shark basking
policing the trade-in in shark basking
shark<00:15:50.089> and<00:15:50.209> other<00:15:50.419> species<00:15:50.839> through<00:15:51.619> the<00:15:51.679> site
shark and other species through the site
shark and other species through the site
ease<00:15:52.099> because<00:15:52.279> it<00:15:52.459> is<00:15:52.579> illegal<00:15:52.789> to<00:15:52.969> trade<00:15:53.269> in
ease because it is illegal to trade in
ease because it is illegal to trade in
these<00:15:53.839> sharks<00:15:54.139> and<00:15:54.259> they<00:15:54.409> are<00:15:54.559> caught<00:15:54.859> and
these sharks and they are caught and
these sharks and they are caught and
they<00:15:55.159> are<00:15:55.249> in<00:15:55.339> the<00:15:55.399> market<00:15:55.759> so<00:15:56.539> as<00:15:56.839> a<00:15:56.899> field
they are in the market so as a field
they are in the market so as a field
biologist<00:15:57.379> you<00:15:58.009> just<00:15:58.159> want<00:15:58.309> to<00:15:58.369> get
biologist you just want to get
biologist you just want to get
encounters<00:15:59.179> with<00:15:59.359> these<00:15:59.449> animals<00:15:59.809> you<00:15:59.899> want
encounters with these animals you want
encounters with these animals you want
to<00:16:00.259> learn<00:16:00.439> as<00:16:00.589> much<00:16:00.619> as<00:16:00.769> you<00:16:01.009> can<00:16:01.249> they're
to learn as much as you can they're
to learn as much as you can they're
often<00:16:01.999> quite<00:16:02.119> brief<00:16:02.509> they're<00:16:02.779> often<00:16:03.049> vary
often quite brief they're often vary
often quite brief they're often vary
seasonally<00:16:03.739> constrained<00:16:04.669> and<00:16:05.119> you<00:16:05.329> just<00:16:05.479> want
seasonally constrained and you just want
seasonally constrained and you just want
to<00:16:05.719> learn<00:16:05.839> as<00:16:05.989> much<00:16:06.079> as<00:16:06.139> you<00:16:06.319> can<00:16:06.469> as<00:16:06.619> soon<00:16:06.649> as
to learn as much as you can as soon as
to learn as much as you can as soon as
you<00:16:06.919> can
you can
you can
but<00:16:08.199> isn't<00:16:09.199> it<00:16:09.319> fantastic<00:16:09.529> that<00:16:10.069> you<00:16:10.219> can<00:16:10.429> then
but isn't it fantastic that you can then
but isn't it fantastic that you can then
offer<00:16:11.059> these<00:16:11.449> samples<00:16:12.079> and<00:16:12.409> opportunities<00:16:13.129> to
offer these samples and opportunities to
offer these samples and opportunities to
other<00:16:14.079> disciplines<00:16:15.079> such<00:16:15.199> as<00:16:15.379> geneticists
other disciplines such as geneticists
other disciplines such as geneticists
who<00:16:16.339> can<00:16:16.549> gain<00:16:16.969> so<00:16:17.299> much<00:16:17.479> more<00:16:17.719> from<00:16:17.989> that<00:16:18.249> so
who can gain so much more from that so
who can gain so much more from that so
as<00:16:20.299> I<00:16:20.479> said<00:16:20.689> these<00:16:20.959> things<00:16:21.109> essentially<00:16:21.619> in
as I said these things essentially in
as I said these things essentially in
strange<00:16:22.009> ways<00:16:22.099> grab<00:16:22.639> them<00:16:22.759> while<00:16:22.849> you<00:16:22.909> can<00:16:23.059> you
strange ways grab them while you can you
strange ways grab them while you can you
know<00:16:23.719> I'll<00:16:23.869> take<00:16:24.079> that<00:16:24.229> as<00:16:24.349> my<00:16:24.409> scientific
know I'll take that as my scientific
know I'll take that as my scientific
legacy<00:16:25.299> hopefully<00:16:26.299> I<00:16:26.329> might<00:16:26.449> get<00:16:26.599> something<00:16:26.839> a
legacy hopefully I might get something a
legacy hopefully I might get something a
bit<00:16:26.959> more<00:16:27.109> dramatic<00:16:27.319> and<00:16:27.739> romantic<00:16:28.099> before<00:16:28.339> I
bit more dramatic and romantic before I
bit more dramatic and romantic before I
die<00:16:28.489> but<00:16:29.589> for<00:16:30.589> the<00:16:30.649> time<00:16:30.859> being<00:16:30.889> thank<00:16:31.609> you<00:16:31.669> for
die but for the time being thank you for
die but for the time being thank you for
that<00:16:31.999> and<00:16:32.269> keep<00:16:32.959> an<00:16:33.079> eye<00:16:33.169> out<00:16:33.289> for<00:16:33.319> sharks<00:16:33.649> if
that and keep an eye out for sharks if
that and keep an eye out for sharks if
you're<00:16:34.309> more<00:16:34.459> interesting<00:16:34.879> we<00:16:34.939> have<00:16:35.029> a
you're more interesting we have a
you're more interesting we have a
basking<00:16:35.629> shark<00:16:35.659> web<00:16:36.109> site<00:16:36.379> now<00:16:36.589> just<00:16:36.859> set<00:16:36.979> up
basking shark web site now just set up
basking shark web site now just set up
so<00:16:37.909> thank<00:16:38.089> you<00:16:38.239> and<00:16:38.389> thank<00:16:38.509> you<00:16:38.539> for<00:16:38.629> listening
so thank you and thank you for listening
so thank you and thank you for listening
you
Simon Berrow, ocean, water, shark, sharks, fish, basking, shark, save, sharks, TED, TEDxDublin, TED-Ed, TED, Ed, TEDEducation
