The moral roots of liberals and conservatives - Jonathan Haidt
[Music]
[Music]
[Music]
[Applause]
suppose<00:00:16.080> the<00:00:16.240> two<00:00:16.359> American<00:00:16.720> friends<00:00:16.960> are
suppose the two American friends are
suppose the two American friends are
traveling<00:00:17.600> together<00:00:17.800> in<00:00:17.920> Italy<00:00:18.720> they<00:00:18.840> go<00:00:18.960> to
traveling together in Italy they go to
traveling together in Italy they go to
see<00:00:19.240> Michelangelo's<00:00:19.960> David<00:00:20.880> and<00:00:20.960> when<00:00:21.080> they
see Michelangelo's David and when they
see Michelangelo's David and when they
finally<00:00:21.439> come<00:00:21.600> face<00:00:21.840> to<00:00:22.000> face<00:00:22.199> with<00:00:22.320> the
finally come face to face with the
finally come face to face with the
Statue<00:00:22.840> they<00:00:22.960> both<00:00:23.160> freeze<00:00:23.519> dead<00:00:23.640> in<00:00:23.720> their
Statue they both freeze dead in their
Statue they both freeze dead in their
tracks<00:00:24.960> the<00:00:25.119> first<00:00:25.439> guy<00:00:25.640> we'll<00:00:25.800> call<00:00:25.960> him<00:00:26.160> Adam
tracks the first guy we'll call him Adam
tracks the first guy we'll call him Adam
is<00:00:27.240> transfixed<00:00:27.960> by<00:00:28.080> the<00:00:28.160> beauty<00:00:28.439> of<00:00:28.560> the
is transfixed by the beauty of the
is transfixed by the beauty of the
perfect<00:00:29.000> human<00:00:29.279> form
perfect human form
perfect human form
second<00:00:31.119> guy<00:00:31.279> we'll<00:00:31.439> call<00:00:31.599> him<00:00:31.759> bill<00:00:32.399> is
second guy we'll call him bill is
second guy we'll call him bill is
transfixed<00:00:33.239> by<00:00:33.520> embarrassment<00:00:34.079> it's<00:00:34.239> staring
transfixed by embarrassment it's staring
transfixed by embarrassment it's staring
at<00:00:34.840> the<00:00:35.280> thing<00:00:35.559> there<00:00:35.719> in<00:00:35.879> the<00:00:36.079> in<00:00:36.160> the
at the thing there in the in the
at the thing there in the in the
center<00:00:37.840> so<00:00:38.040> here's<00:00:38.239> my<00:00:38.399> question<00:00:38.680> for<00:00:38.879> you
center so here's my question for you
center so here's my question for you
which<00:00:39.960> one<00:00:40.079> of<00:00:40.200> these<00:00:40.320> two<00:00:40.520> guys<00:00:40.719> was<00:00:40.879> more
which one of these two guys was more
which one of these two guys was more
likely<00:00:41.280> to<00:00:41.399> have<00:00:41.520> voted<00:00:41.719> for<00:00:41.879> George<00:00:42.200> Bush
likely to have voted for George Bush
likely to have voted for George Bush
which<00:00:42.960> for<00:00:43.120> Al
which for Al
which for Al
Gore<00:00:45.160> I<00:00:45.239> don't<00:00:45.360> need<00:00:45.480> to<00:00:45.559> show<00:00:45.719> a<00:00:45.840> hands
Gore I don't need to show a hands
Gore I don't need to show a hands
because<00:00:46.760> we<00:00:46.879> all<00:00:47.039> have<00:00:47.199> the<00:00:47.280> same<00:00:47.480> political
because we all have the same political
because we all have the same political
stereotypes<00:00:48.559> we<00:00:48.719> all<00:00:48.879> know<00:00:49.239> that<00:00:49.399> it's<00:00:49.960> uh
stereotypes we all know that it's uh
stereotypes we all know that it's uh
that<00:00:50.199> it's<00:00:50.680> bill<00:00:51.680> um<00:00:51.800> and<00:00:51.920> in<00:00:52.039> this<00:00:52.160> case<00:00:52.359> The
that it's bill um and in this case The
that it's bill um and in this case The
Stereotype<00:00:53.320> corresponds<00:00:53.840> to<00:00:53.960> a<00:00:54.120> reality<00:00:54.719> it
Stereotype corresponds to a reality it
Stereotype corresponds to a reality it
really<00:00:55.039> is<00:00:55.160> a<00:00:55.440> fact<00:00:56.000> that<00:00:56.160> Liberals<00:00:56.600> are<00:00:56.800> much
really is a fact that Liberals are much
really is a fact that Liberals are much
higher<00:00:57.320> than<00:00:57.480> conservatives<00:00:58.000> on<00:00:58.120> a<00:00:58.239> major
higher than conservatives on a major
higher than conservatives on a major
personality<00:00:59.039> trait<00:00:59.519> called<00:00:59.920> openness<00:01:00.239> to
personality trait called openness to
personality trait called openness to
experience<00:01:01.680> people<00:01:01.920> who<00:01:02.000> are<00:01:02.160> high<00:01:02.280> on
experience people who are high on
experience people who are high on
openness<00:01:02.719> to<00:01:02.920> experience<00:01:03.399> just<00:01:03.600> crave
openness to experience just crave
openness to experience just crave
novelty<00:01:04.760> variety<00:01:05.239> diversity<00:01:05.760> new<00:01:06.000> ideas
novelty variety diversity new ideas
novelty variety diversity new ideas
travel<00:01:07.280> people<00:01:07.520> low<00:01:07.720> on<00:01:07.880> it<00:01:08.040> like<00:01:08.200> things<00:01:08.360> that
travel people low on it like things that
travel people low on it like things that
are<00:01:08.680> familiar<00:01:09.560> that<00:01:09.680> are<00:01:10.040> that<00:01:10.119> are<00:01:10.560> uh<00:01:10.759> safe
are familiar that are that are uh safe
are familiar that are that are uh safe
and
and
and
dependable<00:01:13.320> if<00:01:13.400> you<00:01:13.520> know<00:01:13.680> about<00:01:13.880> this<00:01:14.000> trait
dependable if you know about this trait
dependable if you know about this trait
you<00:01:14.320> can<00:01:14.680> understand<00:01:14.880> a<00:01:15.000> lot<00:01:15.159> of<00:01:15.280> puzzles
you can understand a lot of puzzles
you can understand a lot of puzzles
about<00:01:15.880> human<00:01:16.040> behavior<00:01:16.400> you<00:01:16.479> can<00:01:16.880> understand
about human behavior you can understand
about human behavior you can understand
why<00:01:17.479> artists<00:01:17.840> are<00:01:17.960> so<00:01:18.119> different<00:01:18.360> from
why artists are so different from
why artists are so different from
accountants<00:01:19.119> uh<00:01:19.240> you<00:01:19.320> can<00:01:19.520> actually<00:01:19.759> predict
accountants uh you can actually predict
accountants uh you can actually predict
uh<00:01:20.680> what<00:01:20.799> kinds<00:01:21.000> of<00:01:21.119> books<00:01:21.360> they<00:01:21.479> like<00:01:21.640> to<00:01:21.799> read
uh what kinds of books they like to read
uh what kinds of books they like to read
what<00:01:22.240> kinds<00:01:22.400> of<00:01:22.560> places<00:01:23.000> they<00:01:23.119> like<00:01:23.240> to<00:01:23.360> travel
what kinds of places they like to travel
what kinds of places they like to travel
to<00:01:24.079> and<00:01:24.200> what<00:01:24.320> kinds<00:01:24.479> of<00:01:24.560> food<00:01:24.759> they<00:01:24.880> like<00:01:25.000> to
to and what kinds of food they like to
to and what kinds of food they like to
eat<00:01:25.280> once<00:01:25.400> you<00:01:25.759> understand<00:01:25.960> this<00:01:26.079> trait<00:01:26.640> you
eat once you understand this trait you
eat once you understand this trait you
can<00:01:27.240> understand<00:01:27.720> why<00:01:27.920> anybody<00:01:28.479> would<00:01:28.640> eat<00:01:28.799> at
can understand why anybody would eat at
can understand why anybody would eat at
Applebees<00:01:29.920> but<00:01:30.000> not<00:01:30.159> anybody<00:01:30.520> that<00:01:30.640> you
[Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause]
know<00:01:37.880> this<00:01:38.000> trait<00:01:38.320> also<00:01:38.520> tells<00:01:38.799> us<00:01:39.040> a<00:01:39.159> lot
know this trait also tells us a lot
know this trait also tells us a lot
about<00:01:39.640> politics<00:01:40.200> the<00:01:40.399> the<00:01:40.520> main<00:01:40.720> researcher
about politics the the main researcher
about politics the the main researcher
of<00:01:41.240> this<00:01:41.360> trait<00:01:41.640> Robert<00:01:41.840> McCrae<00:01:42.600> says<00:01:42.840> that
of this trait Robert McCrae says that
of this trait Robert McCrae says that
open<00:01:43.280> individuals<00:01:44.159> have<00:01:44.280> an<00:01:44.439> affinity<00:01:44.840> for
open individuals have an affinity for
open individuals have an affinity for
Liberal<00:01:45.520> Progressive<00:01:46.119> left-wing<00:01:46.680> political
Liberal Progressive left-wing political
Liberal Progressive left-wing political
views<00:01:47.719> they<00:01:47.880> like<00:01:48.040> a<00:01:48.200> society<00:01:48.560> which<00:01:48.640> is<00:01:48.799> open
views they like a society which is open
views they like a society which is open
and<00:01:49.159> changing<00:01:50.159> whereas<00:01:50.439> closed<00:01:50.840> individuals
and changing whereas closed individuals
and changing whereas closed individuals
prefer<00:01:51.880> conservative<00:01:52.439> traditional
prefer conservative traditional
prefer conservative traditional
right-wing<00:01:53.840> views<00:01:54.840> this<00:01:54.960> tra<00:01:55.240> also<00:01:55.439> tells<00:01:55.600> us
right-wing views this tra also tells us
right-wing views this tra also tells us
a<00:01:55.880> lot<00:01:56.039> about<00:01:56.200> the<00:01:56.320> kinds<00:01:56.520> of<00:01:56.600> groups<00:01:56.880> people
a lot about the kinds of groups people
a lot about the kinds of groups people
join<00:01:57.880> so<00:01:58.039> here's<00:01:58.159> a<00:01:58.280> description<00:01:58.640> of<00:01:58.680> a<00:01:58.759> group
join so here's a description of a group
join so here's a description of a group
I<00:01:59.039> found<00:01:59.240> on<00:01:59.360> the<00:01:59.520> web
I found on the web
I found on the web
what<00:02:00.719> kinds<00:02:00.880> of<00:02:01.000> people<00:02:01.240> would<00:02:01.360> join<00:02:01.560> a<00:02:01.719> global
what kinds of people would join a global
what kinds of people would join a global
Community<00:02:02.399> welcoming<00:02:02.799> people<00:02:03.039> from<00:02:03.240> every
Community welcoming people from every
Community welcoming people from every
discipline<00:02:03.799> and<00:02:03.960> culture<00:02:04.439> who<00:02:04.600> seek<00:02:04.799> a<00:02:04.920> deeper
discipline and culture who seek a deeper
discipline and culture who seek a deeper
understanding<00:02:05.600> of<00:02:05.719> the<00:02:05.880> world<00:02:06.520> and<00:02:06.640> who<00:02:06.799> hope
understanding of the world and who hope
understanding of the world and who hope
to<00:02:07.079> turn<00:02:07.320> that<00:02:07.680> understanding<00:02:08.280> into<00:02:08.479> a<00:02:08.599> better
to turn that understanding into a better
to turn that understanding into a better
future<00:02:09.080> for<00:02:09.200> us<00:02:09.360> all<00:02:09.560> this<00:02:09.640> is<00:02:09.759> from<00:02:09.879> some<00:02:10.080> guy
future for us all this is from some guy
future for us all this is from some guy
named
named
named
Ted<00:02:13.000> well<00:02:13.160> let's<00:02:13.360> see<00:02:13.599> now<00:02:14.319> if<00:02:14.519> openness
Ted well let's see now if openness
Ted well let's see now if openness
predicts<00:02:15.480> who<00:02:15.879> becomes<00:02:16.239> liberal<00:02:17.040> and
predicts who becomes liberal and
predicts who becomes liberal and
openness<00:02:17.560> predicts<00:02:17.879> who<00:02:18.000> becomes<00:02:18.200> a<00:02:18.840> tedster
openness predicts who becomes a tedster
openness predicts who becomes a tedster
then<00:02:20.040> might<00:02:20.200> we<00:02:20.360> predict<00:02:20.640> that<00:02:20.760> most<00:02:20.920> teders
then might we predict that most teders
then might we predict that most teders
are<00:02:21.840> liberal<00:02:22.840> let's<00:02:23.080> find<00:02:23.319> out<00:02:23.800> I'm<00:02:23.920> going<00:02:24.000> to
are liberal let's find out I'm going to
are liberal let's find out I'm going to
ask<00:02:24.239> you<00:02:24.319> to<00:02:24.440> raise<00:02:24.599> your<00:02:24.760> hand<00:02:25.360> uh<00:02:25.519> whether
ask you to raise your hand uh whether
ask you to raise your hand uh whether
you<00:02:25.879> are<00:02:26.160> liberal<00:02:26.519> left<00:02:26.680> of<00:02:26.840> center<00:02:27.160> on<00:02:27.360> social
you are liberal left of center on social
you are liberal left of center on social
issues<00:02:27.840> we're<00:02:28.000> talking<00:02:28.200> about<00:02:28.400> primarily<00:02:29.200> or
issues we're talking about primarily or
issues we're talking about primarily or
conserv<00:02:30.080> I'll<00:02:30.200> give<00:02:30.280> a<00:02:30.360> third<00:02:30.599> option<00:02:30.800> CU<00:02:30.920> I
conserv I'll give a third option CU I
conserv I'll give a third option CU I
know<00:02:31.080> there<00:02:31.160> a<00:02:31.239> number<00:02:31.400> of<00:02:31.480> Libertarians<00:02:31.959> in
know there a number of Libertarians in
know there a number of Libertarians in
the<00:02:32.160> audience<00:02:33.040> so<00:02:33.239> right<00:02:33.440> now<00:02:33.879> please<00:02:34.120> raise
the audience so right now please raise
the audience so right now please raise
your<00:02:34.440> hand<00:02:34.680> down<00:02:34.800> in<00:02:34.920> the<00:02:35.000> simal<00:02:35.319> cast<00:02:35.519> rooms
your hand down in the simal cast rooms
your hand down in the simal cast rooms
too<00:02:36.000> let's<00:02:36.640> let<00:02:36.760> everybody<00:02:37.080> see<00:02:37.239> who's<00:02:37.480> here
too let's let everybody see who's here
too let's let everybody see who's here
please<00:02:38.360> raise<00:02:38.519> your<00:02:38.640> hand<00:02:38.800> if<00:02:38.879> you<00:02:38.959> would<00:02:39.120> say
please raise your hand if you would say
please raise your hand if you would say
that<00:02:39.400> you<00:02:39.480> are<00:02:39.640> liberal<00:02:39.959> or<00:02:40.080> left<00:02:40.280> of<00:02:40.440> center
that you are liberal or left of center
that you are liberal or left of center
please<00:02:41.480> raise<00:02:41.640> your<00:02:41.720> hand<00:02:41.920> high<00:02:42.159> right<00:02:42.480> now
please raise your hand high right now
please raise your hand high right now
okay<00:02:44.920> please<00:02:45.080> raise<00:02:45.239> your<00:02:45.360> hand<00:02:45.480> if<00:02:45.560> you'd<00:02:45.720> say
okay please raise your hand if you'd say
okay please raise your hand if you'd say
you're
you're
you're
libertarian<00:02:48.000> okay<00:02:48.480> about<00:02:48.680> a<00:02:49.159> two<00:02:49.360> dozen<00:02:50.120> and
libertarian okay about a two dozen and
libertarian okay about a two dozen and
please<00:02:50.480> raise<00:02:50.640> your<00:02:50.760> hand<00:02:50.920> if<00:02:51.000> you'd<00:02:51.120> say<00:02:51.239> you
please raise your hand if you'd say you
please raise your hand if you'd say you
a<00:02:51.440> right<00:02:51.599> of<00:02:51.760> Center<00:02:52.040> or
a right of Center or
a right of Center or
conservative<00:02:54.239> 1<00:02:54.519> two<00:02:54.800> 3<00:02:55.080> four<00:02:55.560> five<00:02:56.560> about
conservative 1 two 3 four five about
conservative 1 two 3 four five about
eight<00:02:57.440> or<00:02:58.120> 10<00:02:59.120> okay
eight or 10 okay
eight or 10 okay
this<00:03:00.800> is<00:03:00.920> a<00:03:01.040> bit<00:03:01.159> of<00:03:01.280> a
this is a bit of a
this is a bit of a
problem<00:03:03.360> because<00:03:03.599> if<00:03:03.720> our<00:03:03.920> goal<00:03:04.159> is<00:03:04.280> to
problem because if our goal is to
problem because if our goal is to
understand<00:03:04.879> the<00:03:05.000> world<00:03:05.200> to<00:03:05.319> seek<00:03:05.480> a<00:03:05.599> deeper
understand the world to seek a deeper
understand the world to seek a deeper
understanding<00:03:06.159> of<00:03:06.280> the<00:03:06.400> world<00:03:06.799> our<00:03:07.200> general
understanding of the world our general
understanding of the world our general
lack<00:03:07.840> of<00:03:07.959> moral<00:03:08.239> diversity<00:03:08.760> here<00:03:09.040> is<00:03:09.159> going<00:03:09.239> to
lack of moral diversity here is going to
lack of moral diversity here is going to
make<00:03:09.480> it<00:03:09.640> harder<00:03:10.599> because<00:03:11.040> when<00:03:11.200> people<00:03:11.440> all
make it harder because when people all
make it harder because when people all
share<00:03:11.959> values<00:03:12.319> when<00:03:12.440> people<00:03:12.680> all<00:03:12.840> share
share values when people all share
share values when people all share
morals<00:03:14.040> they<00:03:14.200> become<00:03:14.640> a<00:03:14.799> team<00:03:15.200> and<00:03:15.319> once<00:03:15.440> you
morals they become a team and once you
morals they become a team and once you
engage<00:03:15.959> the<00:03:16.080> psychology<00:03:16.599> of<00:03:16.760> teams<00:03:17.560> it<00:03:17.680> shuts
engage the psychology of teams it shuts
engage the psychology of teams it shuts
down<00:03:18.200> open-minded
down open-minded
down open-minded
thinking<00:03:21.239> um<00:03:22.239> we<00:03:22.760> when<00:03:22.879> the<00:03:23.000> liberal<00:03:23.319> team
thinking um we when the liberal team
thinking um we when the liberal team
loses<00:03:25.280> as<00:03:25.400> it<00:03:25.519> did<00:03:25.680> in<00:03:26.000> 2004<00:03:26.440> and<00:03:26.560> as<00:03:26.680> it<00:03:26.799> almost
loses as it did in 2004 and as it almost
loses as it did in 2004 and as it almost
did<00:03:27.239> in
did in
did in
2000<00:03:28.920> we<00:03:29.080> Comfort<00:03:29.400> ourselves
2000 we Comfort ourselves
2000 we Comfort ourselves
we<00:03:31.519> try<00:03:31.720> to<00:03:31.920> explain<00:03:32.760> why<00:03:33.000> half<00:03:33.120> of<00:03:33.280> America
we try to explain why half of America
we try to explain why half of America
voted<00:03:34.319> uh<00:03:34.480> for<00:03:34.760> the<00:03:34.879> other<00:03:35.159> team<00:03:35.879> uh<00:03:35.959> we<00:03:36.080> think
voted uh for the other team uh we think
voted uh for the other team uh we think
they<00:03:36.360> must<00:03:36.519> be<00:03:36.599> blinded<00:03:36.959> by<00:03:37.080> religion<00:03:38.080> uh<00:03:38.560> or
they must be blinded by religion uh or
they must be blinded by religion uh or
by<00:03:39.760> simple
[Music]
[Music]
[Music]
stupidity
stupidity
stupidity
so<00:03:53.120> okay<00:03:53.480> so<00:03:53.760> if<00:03:53.879> you<00:03:54.280> think<00:03:55.280> if<00:03:55.400> you<00:03:55.640> think
so okay so if you think if you think
so okay so if you think if you think
that<00:03:56.400> half<00:03:56.560> of<00:03:56.799> America<00:03:57.480> votes<00:03:57.879> Republican
that half of America votes Republican
that half of America votes Republican
because<00:03:58.959> they<00:03:59.079> are<00:03:59.360> blind<00:04:00.000> in<00:04:00.159> this<00:04:00.360> way<00:04:01.239> then
because they are blind in this way then
because they are blind in this way then
my<00:04:01.760> message<00:04:02.079> to<00:04:02.200> you<00:04:02.319> is<00:04:02.439> that<00:04:02.519> you're<00:04:02.720> trapped
my message to you is that you're trapped
my message to you is that you're trapped
in<00:04:03.360> a<00:04:03.480> moral<00:04:03.760> Matrix<00:04:04.120> in<00:04:04.200> a<00:04:04.319> particular<00:04:04.599> moral
in a moral Matrix in a particular moral
in a moral Matrix in a particular moral
Matrix<00:04:05.159> and<00:04:05.239> by<00:04:05.360> the<00:04:05.439> Matrix<00:04:05.920> I<00:04:06.040> mean
Matrix and by the Matrix I mean
Matrix and by the Matrix I mean
literally<00:04:06.599> The<00:04:06.720> Matrix<00:04:07.120> like<00:04:07.200> the<00:04:07.319> movie<00:04:07.840> The
literally The Matrix like the movie The
literally The Matrix like the movie The
Matrix<00:04:08.879> um<00:04:09.040> but<00:04:09.200> I'm<00:04:09.360> here<00:04:09.519> today<00:04:09.799> to<00:04:09.959> give<00:04:10.079> you
Matrix um but I'm here today to give you
Matrix um but I'm here today to give you
a<00:04:10.439> choice<00:04:11.439> you<00:04:11.599> can<00:04:11.799> either<00:04:12.040> take<00:04:12.280> the<00:04:12.400> blue
a choice you can either take the blue
a choice you can either take the blue
pill<00:04:13.360> and<00:04:13.480> stick<00:04:13.680> to<00:04:13.799> your<00:04:13.959> comforting
pill and stick to your comforting
pill and stick to your comforting
delusions<00:04:16.040> or<00:04:16.239> you<00:04:16.320> can<00:04:16.479> take<00:04:16.600> the<00:04:16.759> red<00:04:16.959> pill
delusions or you can take the red pill
delusions or you can take the red pill
learn<00:04:17.560> some<00:04:17.720> moral<00:04:18.000> psychology<00:04:18.440> and<00:04:18.560> step
learn some moral psychology and step
learn some moral psychology and step
outside<00:04:19.040> the<00:04:19.160> moral<00:04:19.479> Matrix<00:04:20.479> now<00:04:20.680> because<00:04:20.880> I
outside the moral Matrix now because I
outside the moral Matrix now because I
[Applause]
know<00:04:25.600> okay<00:04:25.720> I<00:04:25.800> assume<00:04:26.240> that<00:04:26.520> answers<00:04:26.880> my
know okay I assume that answers my
know okay I assume that answers my
question<00:04:27.280> I<00:04:27.320> was<00:04:27.440> going<00:04:27.520> to<00:04:27.680> ask<00:04:27.800> you<00:04:27.960> which
question I was going to ask you which
question I was going to ask you which
one<00:04:28.199> you<00:04:28.360> pick<00:04:28.600> but<00:04:28.880> no<00:04:29.039> need<00:04:29.199> you're<00:04:29.360> all<00:04:29.600> High
one you pick but no need you're all High
one you pick but no need you're all High
openness<00:04:30.039> to<00:04:30.199> experience<00:04:30.800> and<00:04:30.960> besides<00:04:31.280> it
openness to experience and besides it
openness to experience and besides it
looks<00:04:31.600> like<00:04:31.680> it<00:04:31.800> might<00:04:31.960> even<00:04:32.120> taste<00:04:32.360> good<00:04:32.479> and
looks like it might even taste good and
looks like it might even taste good and
you're<00:04:32.720> all<00:04:33.120> epicures<00:04:33.639> so<00:04:33.800> anyway<00:04:34.199> let's<00:04:34.360> go
you're all epicures so anyway let's go
you're all epicures so anyway let's go
with<00:04:34.560> the<00:04:34.720> red<00:04:34.919> pill<00:04:35.400> let's<00:04:35.600> take<00:04:35.840> let's<00:04:35.960> study
with the red pill let's take let's study
with the red pill let's take let's study
some<00:04:36.320> moral<00:04:36.560> psychology<00:04:36.960> and<00:04:37.080> see<00:04:37.199> where<00:04:37.320> it
some moral psychology and see where it
some moral psychology and see where it
takes<00:04:37.720> us<00:04:38.720> let's<00:04:38.880> start<00:04:39.039> at<00:04:39.160> the<00:04:39.240> beginning
takes us let's start at the beginning
takes us let's start at the beginning
what<00:04:39.680> is<00:04:39.840> morality<00:04:40.240> and<00:04:40.320> where<00:04:40.440> does<00:04:40.560> it<00:04:40.720> come
what is morality and where does it come
what is morality and where does it come
from<00:04:41.639> the<00:04:41.800> worst<00:04:42.160> idea<00:04:42.440> in<00:04:42.639> all<00:04:42.800> of<00:04:43.160> psychology
from the worst idea in all of psychology
from the worst idea in all of psychology
is<00:04:44.320> the<00:04:44.440> idea<00:04:44.720> that<00:04:44.840> the<00:04:44.919> mind<00:04:45.080> is<00:04:45.160> a<00:04:45.280> blank
is the idea that the mind is a blank
is the idea that the mind is a blank
slated<00:04:45.759> at<00:04:45.919> Birth<00:04:46.880> developmental<00:04:47.479> psychology
slated at Birth developmental psychology
slated at Birth developmental psychology
has<00:04:48.320> shown<00:04:48.680> that<00:04:48.840> kids<00:04:49.080> come<00:04:49.240> into<00:04:49.440> the<00:04:49.520> world
has shown that kids come into the world
has shown that kids come into the world
already<00:04:50.160> knowing<00:04:50.600> so<00:04:50.880> much<00:04:51.199> about<00:04:51.400> the
already knowing so much about the
already knowing so much about the
physical<00:04:51.800> and<00:04:51.919> social<00:04:52.199> worlds<00:04:52.919> and
physical and social worlds and
physical and social worlds and
programmed<00:04:54.520> to<00:04:54.919> make<00:04:55.080> it<00:04:55.360> uh<00:04:55.560> really<00:04:55.840> easy<00:04:56.080> for
programmed to make it uh really easy for
programmed to make it uh really easy for
them<00:04:56.320> to<00:04:56.440> learn<00:04:56.639> certain<00:04:56.880> things<00:04:57.039> and<00:04:57.160> hard<00:04:57.320> to
them to learn certain things and hard to
them to learn certain things and hard to
learn<00:04:57.759> others<00:04:58.639> the<00:04:58.800> best<00:04:59.000> definition<00:04:59.560> of
learn others the best definition of
learn others the best definition of
innateness<00:05:00.080> I've<00:05:00.199> ever<00:05:00.360> seen<00:05:00.600> this<00:05:00.720> just
innateness I've ever seen this just
innateness I've ever seen this just
clarifies<00:05:01.280> so<00:05:01.400> many<00:05:01.600> things<00:05:01.800> for<00:05:01.919> me<00:05:02.280> it's
clarifies so many things for me it's
clarifies so many things for me it's
from<00:05:02.840> the<00:05:02.960> brain<00:05:03.199> scientist<00:05:03.600> Gary<00:05:03.800> Marcus<00:05:04.160> he
from the brain scientist Gary Marcus he
from the brain scientist Gary Marcus he
says<00:05:04.680> the<00:05:04.800> initial<00:05:05.160> organization<00:05:05.720> of<00:05:05.800> the
says the initial organization of the
says the initial organization of the
brain<00:05:06.440> does<00:05:06.639> not<00:05:06.840> depend<00:05:07.199> that<00:05:07.320> much<00:05:07.520> on
brain does not depend that much on
brain does not depend that much on
experience<00:05:08.840> nature<00:05:09.320> provides<00:05:09.600> a<00:05:09.720> first<00:05:09.960> draft
experience nature provides a first draft
experience nature provides a first draft
which<00:05:10.680> experience<00:05:11.199> then<00:05:11.360> revises<00:05:12.120> built-in
which experience then revises built-in
which experience then revises built-in
doesn't<00:05:12.759> mean<00:05:12.919> unmalleable<00:05:13.759> it<00:05:13.880> means
doesn't mean unmalleable it means
doesn't mean unmalleable it means
organized<00:05:15.000> in<00:05:15.160> advance<00:05:15.639> of<00:05:16.080> experience<00:05:17.080> okay
organized in advance of experience okay
organized in advance of experience okay
so<00:05:17.360> what's<00:05:17.520> on<00:05:17.639> the<00:05:17.720> first<00:05:17.919> draft<00:05:18.160> of<00:05:18.240> the
so what's on the first draft of the
so what's on the first draft of the
moral<00:05:18.880> mind<00:05:19.880> to<00:05:20.039> find<00:05:20.280> out<00:05:20.800> um<00:05:21.199> my<00:05:21.400> my
moral mind to find out um my my
moral mind to find out um my my
colleague<00:05:21.840> Craig<00:05:22.080> Joseph<00:05:22.360> and<00:05:22.440> I<00:05:22.600> read
colleague Craig Joseph and I read
colleague Craig Joseph and I read
through<00:05:22.919> the<00:05:23.000> literature<00:05:23.360> on<00:05:23.520> anthropology
through the literature on anthropology
through the literature on anthropology
on<00:05:24.240> cultural<00:05:24.560> variation<00:05:24.960> IM<00:05:25.120> morality<00:05:25.720> and
on cultural variation IM morality and
on cultural variation IM morality and
also<00:05:26.160> on<00:05:26.319> evolutionary<00:05:26.840> psychology<00:05:27.759> looking
also on evolutionary psychology looking
also on evolutionary psychology looking
for<00:05:28.199> matches<00:05:28.560> what<00:05:28.639> are<00:05:28.759> the<00:05:28.840> sorts<00:05:29.000> of<00:05:29.120> things
for matches what are the sorts of things
for matches what are the sorts of things
that<00:05:29.319> people<00:05:29.680> talk<00:05:29.840> about<00:05:30.039> across
that people talk about across
that people talk about across
disciplines<00:05:31.000> that<00:05:31.120> you<00:05:31.240> find<00:05:31.440> across
disciplines that you find across
disciplines that you find across
cultures<00:05:32.039> and<00:05:32.199> even<00:05:32.360> across<00:05:32.680> species<00:05:33.280> we
cultures and even across species we
cultures and even across species we
found<00:05:33.800> five<00:05:34.199> five<00:05:34.440> V<00:05:34.680> matches<00:05:35.039> which<00:05:35.199> we<00:05:35.360> call
found five five V matches which we call
found five five V matches which we call
the<00:05:35.919> found<00:05:36.240> the<00:05:36.319> five<00:05:36.479> foundations<00:05:36.880> of
the found the five foundations of
the found the five foundations of
morality<00:05:37.800> the<00:05:37.919> first<00:05:38.120> one<00:05:38.319> is<00:05:38.479> harm<00:05:38.880> care
morality the first one is harm care
morality the first one is harm care
we're<00:05:39.520> all<00:05:39.680> mammals<00:05:40.160> here<00:05:40.520> we<00:05:40.639> all<00:05:40.800> have<00:05:40.880> a<00:05:41.000> lot
we're all mammals here we all have a lot
we're all mammals here we all have a lot
of<00:05:41.240> neural<00:05:41.520> and<00:05:41.639> hormonal<00:05:42.039> programming<00:05:42.680> that
of neural and hormonal programming that
of neural and hormonal programming that
makes<00:05:43.039> us<00:05:43.319> really<00:05:43.800> bond<00:05:44.120> with<00:05:44.280> others<00:05:44.680> care
makes us really bond with others care
makes us really bond with others care
for<00:05:45.080> others<00:05:45.280> feel<00:05:45.600> compassion<00:05:45.960> for<00:05:46.160> others
for others feel compassion for others
for others feel compassion for others
especially<00:05:46.759> the<00:05:46.880> weak<00:05:47.039> and<00:05:47.199> vulnerable<00:05:47.880> gives
especially the weak and vulnerable gives
especially the weak and vulnerable gives
us<00:05:48.240> very<00:05:48.520> strong<00:05:48.720> feelings<00:05:49.479> about<00:05:49.759> those<00:05:49.960> who
us very strong feelings about those who
us very strong feelings about those who
cause
cause
cause
harm<00:05:52.160> this<00:05:52.280> moral<00:05:52.560> Foundation<00:05:52.919> underlies
harm this moral Foundation underlies
harm this moral Foundation underlies
about<00:05:53.520> 70%<00:05:54.080> of<00:05:54.199> the<00:05:54.280> moral<00:05:54.479> statements<00:05:54.840> I've
about 70% of the moral statements I've
about 70% of the moral statements I've
heard<00:05:55.400> here<00:05:55.560> at<00:05:55.720> Ted<00:05:56.360> the<00:05:56.479> second<00:05:56.800> Foundation
heard here at Ted the second Foundation
heard here at Ted the second Foundation
is<00:05:57.440> fairness<00:05:58.039> reciprocity<00:05:59.039> uh<00:05:59.199> there's
is fairness reciprocity uh there's
is fairness reciprocity uh there's
actually<00:06:00.120> ambiguous<00:06:00.600> evidence<00:06:00.919> as<00:06:01.000> to
actually ambiguous evidence as to
actually ambiguous evidence as to
whether<00:06:01.280> you<00:06:01.400> find<00:06:01.680> reciprocity<00:06:02.199> in<00:06:02.360> other
whether you find reciprocity in other
whether you find reciprocity in other
animals<00:06:03.080> but<00:06:03.199> the<00:06:03.319> evidence<00:06:03.600> for<00:06:03.800> people
animals but the evidence for people
animals but the evidence for people
could<00:06:04.280> not<00:06:04.479> be<00:06:04.680> clearer<00:06:05.360> this<00:06:05.520> Norman
could not be clearer this Norman
could not be clearer this Norman
Rockwell<00:06:06.160> painting<00:06:06.400> is<00:06:06.599> called<00:06:06.840> the<00:06:06.960> Golden
Rockwell painting is called the Golden
Rockwell painting is called the Golden
Rule<00:06:07.720> and<00:06:07.840> we<00:06:07.960> heard<00:06:08.199> about<00:06:08.360> this<00:06:08.479> from<00:06:08.599> Karen
Rule and we heard about this from Karen
Rule and we heard about this from Karen
Armstrong<00:06:09.240> of<00:06:09.319> course<00:06:09.440> is<00:06:09.599> the<00:06:09.680> foundation<00:06:10.039> of
Armstrong of course is the foundation of
Armstrong of course is the foundation of
so<00:06:10.319> many<00:06:10.880> uh<00:06:11.199> religions<00:06:12.199> that<00:06:12.360> second
so many uh religions that second
so many uh religions that second
Foundation<00:06:13.000> underlies<00:06:13.479> the<00:06:13.560> other<00:06:13.759> 30%<00:06:14.240> of
Foundation underlies the other 30% of
Foundation underlies the other 30% of
the<00:06:14.440> moral<00:06:14.639> statements<00:06:15.000> I've<00:06:15.120> heard<00:06:15.639> uh<00:06:15.759> here
the moral statements I've heard uh here
the moral statements I've heard uh here
at<00:06:16.000> Ted<00:06:16.560> third<00:06:16.840> Foundation<00:06:17.199> is<00:06:17.360> ingroup
at Ted third Foundation is ingroup
at Ted third Foundation is ingroup
loyalty<00:06:18.280> you<00:06:18.400> do<00:06:18.520> find<00:06:18.759> groups<00:06:19.360> of<00:06:19.720> uh<00:06:19.840> in<00:06:19.960> the
loyalty you do find groups of uh in the
loyalty you do find groups of uh in the
animal<00:06:20.319> kingdom<00:06:20.639> you<00:06:20.720> do<00:06:20.880> find<00:06:21.039> Cooperative
animal kingdom you do find Cooperative
animal kingdom you do find Cooperative
groups<00:06:21.720> but<00:06:21.840> these<00:06:21.960> groups<00:06:22.160> are<00:06:22.319> always
groups but these groups are always
groups but these groups are always
either<00:06:22.880> very<00:06:23.120> small<00:06:23.960> or<00:06:24.199> they're<00:06:24.400> all
either very small or they're all
either very small or they're all
siblings<00:06:25.199> it's<00:06:25.360> only<00:06:25.599> among<00:06:25.840> humans<00:06:26.560> that<00:06:26.680> you
siblings it's only among humans that you
siblings it's only among humans that you
find<00:06:27.039> very<00:06:27.199> large<00:06:27.440> groups<00:06:27.680> of<00:06:27.800> people<00:06:28.000> who<00:06:28.080> are
find very large groups of people who are
find very large groups of people who are
able<00:06:28.400> to<00:06:28.560> cooperate<00:06:29.520> join<00:06:30.039> together<00:06:30.440> into
able to cooperate join together into
able to cooperate join together into
groups<00:06:31.240> but<00:06:31.400> in<00:06:31.520> this<00:06:31.720> case<00:06:32.080> groups<00:06:32.479> that<00:06:32.639> are
groups but in this case groups that are
groups but in this case groups that are
united<00:06:33.199> to<00:06:33.599> fight<00:06:33.960> other<00:06:34.199> groups<00:06:34.840> this
united to fight other groups this
united to fight other groups this
probably<00:06:35.280> comes<00:06:35.479> from<00:06:35.560> our<00:06:35.720> long<00:06:35.919> history<00:06:36.199> of
probably comes from our long history of
probably comes from our long history of
tribal<00:06:37.000> living<00:06:37.319> of<00:06:37.479> tribal<00:06:37.840> psychology<00:06:38.840> um
tribal living of tribal psychology um
tribal living of tribal psychology um
and<00:06:39.280> this<00:06:39.599> tribal<00:06:39.960> psychology<00:06:40.440> is<00:06:40.560> so<00:06:40.720> deeply
and this tribal psychology is so deeply
and this tribal psychology is so deeply
pleasurable<00:06:41.720> that<00:06:41.840> even<00:06:42.000> when<00:06:42.120> we<00:06:42.240> don't<00:06:42.400> have
pleasurable that even when we don't have
pleasurable that even when we don't have
tribes<00:06:43.080> we<00:06:43.319> go<00:06:43.440> ahead<00:06:43.599> and<00:06:43.720> make<00:06:43.919> them<00:06:44.120> because
tribes we go ahead and make them because
tribes we go ahead and make them because
it's
it's
it's
fun
um<00:06:49.440> Sports<00:06:49.840> is<00:06:50.000> to<00:06:50.199> War<00:06:50.520> as<00:06:50.720> pornography<00:06:51.400> is<00:06:51.560> to
um Sports is to War as pornography is to
um Sports is to War as pornography is to
sex<00:06:52.080> we<00:06:52.199> get<00:06:52.319> to<00:06:52.479> exercise<00:06:53.360> uh<00:06:53.520> are<00:06:53.720> some
sex we get to exercise uh are some
sex we get to exercise uh are some
ancient<00:06:54.280> ancient<00:06:54.560> drives<00:06:55.520> uh<00:06:55.680> the<00:06:56.120> the<00:06:56.240> fourth
ancient ancient drives uh the the fourth
ancient ancient drives uh the the fourth
Foundation<00:06:56.879> is<00:06:57.000> Authority<00:06:57.400> respect<00:06:57.759> here<00:06:57.879> you
Foundation is Authority respect here you
Foundation is Authority respect here you
see<00:06:58.160> submissive<00:06:58.639> gestures<00:06:58.960> from<00:06:59.039> two<00:06:59.160> m<00:06:59.520> a
see submissive gestures from two m a
see submissive gestures from two m a
very<00:06:59.759> closely<00:07:00.039> related<00:07:00.360> species<00:07:01.160> but
very closely related species but
very closely related species but
Authority<00:07:01.680> in<00:07:01.840> humans<00:07:02.240> is<00:07:02.479> is<00:07:02.639> not<00:07:02.840> so<00:07:03.360> closely
Authority in humans is is not so closely
Authority in humans is is not so closely
based<00:07:04.039> on<00:07:04.319> on<00:07:04.560> Power<00:07:04.840> and<00:07:05.080> brutality<00:07:05.599> as<00:07:05.680> it<00:07:05.800> is
based on on Power and brutality as it is
based on on Power and brutality as it is
in<00:07:06.000> other<00:07:06.160> primates<00:07:07.039> it<00:07:07.160> it's<00:07:07.360> based<00:07:07.560> on<00:07:07.680> more
in other primates it it's based on more
in other primates it it's based on more
voluntary<00:07:08.319> difference<00:07:08.680> and<00:07:08.840> even<00:07:09.000> elements
voluntary difference and even elements
voluntary difference and even elements
of<00:07:09.520> Love<00:07:09.800> at
of Love at
of Love at
times<00:07:11.440> the<00:07:11.560> fifth<00:07:11.800> Foundation<00:07:12.160> is<00:07:12.319> Purity
times the fifth Foundation is Purity
times the fifth Foundation is Purity
sanctity<00:07:13.520> this<00:07:13.680> painting<00:07:13.960> is<00:07:14.120> called<00:07:14.360> the
sanctity this painting is called the
sanctity this painting is called the
allegory<00:07:14.879> of<00:07:15.160> Chastity<00:07:16.160> but<00:07:16.440> Purity<00:07:16.800> is<00:07:16.919> not
allegory of Chastity but Purity is not
allegory of Chastity but Purity is not
just<00:07:17.199> about<00:07:17.400> suppressing<00:07:17.840> female<00:07:18.199> sexuality
just about suppressing female sexuality
just about suppressing female sexuality
it's<00:07:19.319> about<00:07:19.720> any<00:07:19.919> kind<00:07:20.080> of<00:07:20.280> ideology<00:07:20.919> any<00:07:21.120> kind
it's about any kind of ideology any kind
it's about any kind of ideology any kind
of<00:07:21.479> idea<00:07:22.080> that<00:07:22.199> tells<00:07:22.440> you<00:07:22.599> that<00:07:22.720> you<00:07:22.840> can
of idea that tells you that you can
of idea that tells you that you can
attain<00:07:23.280> virtue<00:07:23.639> by<00:07:23.759> controlling<00:07:24.120> what<00:07:24.199> you<00:07:24.319> do
attain virtue by controlling what you do
attain virtue by controlling what you do
with<00:07:24.560> your<00:07:24.759> body<00:07:25.520> by<00:07:25.800> controlling<00:07:26.160> what<00:07:26.240> you
with your body by controlling what you
with your body by controlling what you
put<00:07:26.520> into<00:07:26.680> your<00:07:26.879> body<00:07:27.319> and<00:07:27.479> while<00:07:27.680> the
put into your body and while the
put into your body and while the
political<00:07:28.720> uh<00:07:28.840> right<00:07:29.080> May<00:07:29.400> moralized<00:07:29.879> sex
political uh right May moralized sex
political uh right May moralized sex
much<00:07:30.479> more<00:07:31.080> uh<00:07:31.199> the<00:07:31.319> political<00:07:31.680> left<00:07:31.879> is
much more uh the political left is
much more uh the political left is
really<00:07:32.280> doing<00:07:32.479> a<00:07:32.560> lot<00:07:32.680> of<00:07:32.759> it<00:07:32.879> with<00:07:33.000> food<00:07:33.199> food
really doing a lot of it with food food
really doing a lot of it with food food
is<00:07:33.520> becoming<00:07:33.879> extremely<00:07:34.400> moralized<00:07:35.039> nowadays
is becoming extremely moralized nowadays
is becoming extremely moralized nowadays
and<00:07:35.479> a<00:07:35.560> lot<00:07:35.639> of<00:07:35.720> it<00:07:35.800> is<00:07:35.919> ideas<00:07:36.240> about<00:07:36.440> purity
and a lot of it is ideas about purity
and a lot of it is ideas about purity
about<00:07:36.919> what<00:07:37.000> you're<00:07:37.080> willing<00:07:37.360> to<00:07:37.520> touch<00:07:37.919> or
about what you're willing to touch or
about what you're willing to touch or
put<00:07:38.280> into<00:07:38.479> your<00:07:39.000> body<00:07:40.000> I<00:07:40.080> believe<00:07:40.360> these<00:07:40.479> are
put into your body I believe these are
put into your body I believe these are
the<00:07:41.039> five<00:07:41.520> best<00:07:42.120> candidates<00:07:42.840> for<00:07:43.000> what's
the five best candidates for what's
the five best candidates for what's
written<00:07:43.400> on<00:07:43.479> the<00:07:43.560> first<00:07:43.759> draft<00:07:44.000> of<00:07:44.080> the<00:07:44.159> moral
written on the first draft of the moral
written on the first draft of the moral
mind<00:07:44.879> I<00:07:44.960> think<00:07:45.120> this<00:07:45.199> is<00:07:45.400> what<00:07:45.520> we<00:07:45.639> come<00:07:45.840> with
mind I think this is what we come with
mind I think this is what we come with
at<00:07:46.080> least<00:07:46.199> a<00:07:46.360> preparedness<00:07:47.039> to<00:07:47.159> learn<00:07:47.520> all<00:07:47.639> of
at least a preparedness to learn all of
at least a preparedness to learn all of
these<00:07:48.159> things<00:07:49.159> but<00:07:49.319> as<00:07:49.479> my<00:07:49.599> son<00:07:49.840> Max<00:07:50.199> grows<00:07:50.479> up
these things but as my son Max grows up
these things but as my son Max grows up
in<00:07:50.680> a<00:07:50.800> liberal<00:07:51.120> college<00:07:51.520> town<00:07:52.520> how<00:07:52.680> is<00:07:52.919> this
in a liberal college town how is this
in a liberal college town how is this
first<00:07:53.400> draft<00:07:53.680> going<00:07:53.759> to<00:07:53.879> get<00:07:54.039> revised<00:07:54.919> and<00:07:55.039> how
first draft going to get revised and how
first draft going to get revised and how
will<00:07:55.280> it<00:07:55.400> end<00:07:55.520> up<00:07:55.639> being<00:07:55.919> different<00:07:56.720> from<00:07:56.840> a
will it end up being different from a
will it end up being different from a
kid<00:07:57.159> born<00:07:57.440> 60<00:07:57.720> M<00:07:57.960> south<00:07:58.199> of<00:07:58.319> us<00:07:58.479> in<00:07:58.599> Lynchberg
kid born 60 M south of us in Lynchberg
kid born 60 M south of us in Lynchberg
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
to<00:08:00.000> think<00:08:00.159> about<00:08:00.319> cultur<00:08:00.639> variation<00:08:01.199> let's
to think about cultur variation let's
to think about cultur variation let's
try<00:08:01.520> a<00:08:01.639> different<00:08:01.800> metaphor<00:08:02.479> If<00:08:02.599> there<00:08:02.759> really
try a different metaphor If there really
try a different metaphor If there really
are<00:08:03.159> five<00:08:03.400> systems<00:08:03.840> at<00:08:03.960> work<00:08:04.159> in<00:08:04.280> the<00:08:04.440> mind
are five systems at work in the mind
are five systems at work in the mind
five<00:08:05.639> sources<00:08:05.960> of<00:08:06.080> intuitions<00:08:06.440> and<00:08:06.599> emotions
five sources of intuitions and emotions
five sources of intuitions and emotions
then<00:08:07.280> we<00:08:07.360> can<00:08:07.479> think<00:08:07.599> of<00:08:07.720> the<00:08:07.800> moral<00:08:08.080> mind<00:08:08.360> as
then we can think of the moral mind as
then we can think of the moral mind as
being<00:08:08.800> like<00:08:08.919> one<00:08:09.039> of<00:08:09.159> those<00:08:09.280> audio<00:08:09.560> equalizer
being like one of those audio equalizer
being like one of those audio equalizer
that<00:08:10.199> has<00:08:10.400> five<00:08:10.680> channels<00:08:11.120> where<00:08:11.240> you<00:08:11.319> can<00:08:11.440> set
that has five channels where you can set
that has five channels where you can set
it<00:08:11.639> to<00:08:11.759> a<00:08:11.879> different<00:08:12.080> setting<00:08:12.319> on<00:08:12.479> every
it to a different setting on every
it to a different setting on every
channel<00:08:13.599> and<00:08:14.039> my<00:08:14.240> colleagues<00:08:14.560> Brian<00:08:14.840> nosic
channel and my colleagues Brian nosic
channel and my colleagues Brian nosic
and<00:08:15.280> Jesse<00:08:15.520> Graham<00:08:15.759> and<00:08:15.879> I<00:08:16.599> made<00:08:16.759> a
and Jesse Graham and I made a
and Jesse Graham and I made a
questionnaire<00:08:17.840> which<00:08:17.960> we<00:08:18.080> put<00:08:18.199> up<00:08:18.319> on<00:08:18.440> the<00:08:18.560> web
questionnaire which we put up on the web
questionnaire which we put up on the web
at<00:08:19.520> uh<00:08:19.800> www.y<00:08:20.800> yourmorals.org<00:08:21.479> and<00:08:22.120> so<00:08:22.319> far
at uh www.y yourmorals.org and so far
at uh www.y yourmorals.org and so far
30,000<00:08:23.280> people<00:08:23.680> have<00:08:23.879> taken<00:08:24.199> have<00:08:24.319> taken<00:08:24.520> this
30,000 people have taken have taken this
30,000 people have taken have taken this
questionnaire<00:08:25.039> and<00:08:25.159> you<00:08:25.319> can<00:08:25.520> too<00:08:25.919> here<00:08:26.039> are
questionnaire and you can too here are
questionnaire and you can too here are
the<00:08:26.319> results<00:08:26.800> here<00:08:26.919> are<00:08:27.000> the<00:08:27.080> results<00:08:27.319> from
the results here are the results from
the results here are the results from
about<00:08:27.680> 23,000<00:08:28.680> uh<00:08:28.800> Americans<00:08:29.280> citizens<00:08:30.159> on
about 23,000 uh Americans citizens on
about 23,000 uh Americans citizens on
the<00:08:30.400> left<00:08:30.639> I've<00:08:30.800> plotted<00:08:31.120> the<00:08:31.199> scores<00:08:31.479> for
the left I've plotted the scores for
the left I've plotted the scores for
liberals<00:08:31.960> on<00:08:32.080> the<00:08:32.159> right<00:08:32.360> those<00:08:32.519> for
liberals on the right those for
liberals on the right those for
conservatives<00:08:33.120> in<00:08:33.200> the<00:08:33.279> middle<00:08:33.479> of<00:08:33.519> the
conservatives in the middle of the
conservatives in the middle of the
moderates<00:08:34.320> the<00:08:34.440> Blue<00:08:34.640> Line<00:08:34.839> shows<00:08:35.120> you
moderates the Blue Line shows you
moderates the Blue Line shows you
people's<00:08:35.719> responses<00:08:36.159> on<00:08:36.279> the<00:08:36.399> average<00:08:36.680> of<00:08:36.760> all
people's responses on the average of all
people's responses on the average of all
the<00:08:36.959> harm<00:08:37.320> questions<00:08:38.159> so<00:08:38.360> as<00:08:38.440> you<00:08:38.560> see<00:08:39.000> people
the harm questions so as you see people
the harm questions so as you see people
care<00:08:39.599> about<00:08:39.880> harm<00:08:40.080> and<00:08:40.279> Care<00:08:40.519> issues<00:08:41.080> they
care about harm and Care issues they
care about harm and Care issues they
give<00:08:41.440> High<00:08:41.599> endorsement<00:08:42.080> of<00:08:42.240> these<00:08:42.399> sorts<00:08:42.640> of
give High endorsement of these sorts of
give High endorsement of these sorts of
statements<00:08:43.159> all<00:08:43.320> across<00:08:43.640> the<00:08:43.760> board<00:08:44.200> but<00:08:44.360> as
statements all across the board but as
statements all across the board but as
you<00:08:44.600> also<00:08:44.839> see<00:08:45.320> liberals<00:08:45.680> care<00:08:45.880> about<00:08:46.000> it<00:08:46.120> a
you also see liberals care about it a
you also see liberals care about it a
little<00:08:46.399> more<00:08:46.560> than<00:08:46.720> conservatives<00:08:47.240> the<00:08:47.360> line
little more than conservatives the line
little more than conservatives the line
slopes<00:08:47.959> down<00:08:48.360> same<00:08:48.600> story<00:08:48.839> for
slopes down same story for
slopes down same story for
fairness<00:08:50.519> but<00:08:50.680> look<00:08:50.760> at<00:08:50.880> the<00:08:51.000> other<00:08:51.160> three
fairness but look at the other three
fairness but look at the other three
lines<00:08:52.160> for<00:08:52.360> liberals<00:08:52.839> the<00:08:52.920> scores<00:08:53.240> are<00:08:53.360> very
lines for liberals the scores are very
lines for liberals the scores are very
low<00:08:53.720> Liberals<00:08:54.040> are<00:08:54.160> basically<00:08:54.480> saying<00:08:54.760> no
low Liberals are basically saying no
low Liberals are basically saying no
this<00:08:55.240> is<00:08:55.399> not<00:08:55.600> morality<00:08:56.040> ingroup<00:08:56.440> Authority
this is not morality ingroup Authority
this is not morality ingroup Authority
per<00:08:57.040> this<00:08:57.200> stuff<00:08:57.360> has<00:08:57.480> nothing<00:08:57.640> to<00:08:57.760> do<00:08:57.839> with
per this stuff has nothing to do with
per this stuff has nothing to do with
morality<00:08:58.360> I<00:08:58.480> reject<00:08:58.800> it<00:08:59.240> but<00:08:59.360> as<00:08:59.519> people<00:08:59.720> get
morality I reject it but as people get
morality I reject it but as people get
more<00:09:00.000> conservative<00:09:00.480> the<00:09:00.600> values<00:09:00.959> rise<00:09:01.920> we
more conservative the values rise we
more conservative the values rise we
could<00:09:02.200> say<00:09:02.360> that<00:09:02.480> liberals<00:09:02.839> have<00:09:02.959> a<00:09:03.040> kind<00:09:03.160> of<00:09:03.240> a
could say that liberals have a kind of a
could say that liberals have a kind of a
two<00:09:03.560> channel<00:09:03.880> or<00:09:04.000> two<00:09:04.240> Foundation<00:09:04.600> morality
two channel or two Foundation morality
two channel or two Foundation morality
uh<00:09:05.560> conservatives<00:09:06.079> have<00:09:06.200> more<00:09:06.320> of<00:09:06.399> a<00:09:06.560> five
uh conservatives have more of a five
uh conservatives have more of a five
Foundation<00:09:07.399> or<00:09:07.560> five<00:09:07.760> channel<00:09:08.440> morality<00:09:09.040> we
Foundation or five channel morality we
Foundation or five channel morality we
find<00:09:09.320> this<00:09:09.440> in<00:09:09.560> every<00:09:09.720> country<00:09:09.959> we<00:09:10.120> look<00:09:10.240> at
find this in every country we look at
find this in every country we look at
here's<00:09:10.519> the<00:09:10.640> data<00:09:10.800> for<00:09:10.959> 1100<00:09:11.440> Canadians<00:09:11.880> I'll
here's the data for 1100 Canadians I'll
here's the data for 1100 Canadians I'll
just<00:09:12.079> flip<00:09:12.320> through<00:09:12.440> a<00:09:12.560> few<00:09:12.720> other<00:09:12.880> slides<00:09:13.279> the
just flip through a few other slides the
just flip through a few other slides the
UK<00:09:14.079> Australia<00:09:14.560> New<00:09:14.760> Zealand<00:09:15.279> Western<00:09:15.640> Europe
UK Australia New Zealand Western Europe
UK Australia New Zealand Western Europe
Eastern<00:09:16.399> Europe<00:09:17.040> Latin<00:09:17.320> America<00:09:18.160> the<00:09:18.279> Middle
Eastern Europe Latin America the Middle
Eastern Europe Latin America the Middle
East<00:09:19.360> the<00:09:19.480> East<00:09:19.760> Asia<00:09:20.279> and<00:09:20.480> South<00:09:20.760> Asia<00:09:21.200> notice
East the East Asia and South Asia notice
East the East Asia and South Asia notice
also<00:09:21.839> that<00:09:22.000> on<00:09:22.160> all<00:09:22.279> of<00:09:22.399> these<00:09:22.600> graphs<00:09:23.000> the
also that on all of these graphs the
also that on all of these graphs the
slope<00:09:23.560> is<00:09:23.720> steeper<00:09:24.440> on<00:09:24.600> ingroup<00:09:24.959> Authority
slope is steeper on ingroup Authority
slope is steeper on ingroup Authority
Purity<00:09:25.680> which<00:09:25.800> shows<00:09:26.200> that<00:09:26.720> within<00:09:27.160> any
Purity which shows that within any
Purity which shows that within any
country<00:09:28.640> the<00:09:28.760> disagre<00:09:29.440> isn't<00:09:29.680> over<00:09:29.839> harm<00:09:30.000> and
country the disagre isn't over harm and
country the disagre isn't over harm and
fairness<00:09:30.560> everybody<00:09:31.120> I<00:09:31.160> me<00:09:31.320> we<00:09:31.440> debate<00:09:31.760> over
fairness everybody I me we debate over
fairness everybody I me we debate over
what's<00:09:32.200> fair<00:09:32.560> but<00:09:32.720> everybody<00:09:33.360> agrees<00:09:33.760> that
what's fair but everybody agrees that
what's fair but everybody agrees that
harm<00:09:34.240> and<00:09:34.360> fairness<00:09:35.040> matter<00:09:36.040> Moral<00:09:36.519> Moral
harm and fairness matter Moral Moral
harm and fairness matter Moral Moral
arguments<00:09:37.279> within<00:09:37.480> cultures<00:09:37.839> are<00:09:38.040> especially
arguments within cultures are especially
arguments within cultures are especially
about<00:09:38.640> issues<00:09:38.839> of<00:09:38.959> ingroup<00:09:39.360> authority<00:09:40.279> Purity
about issues of ingroup authority Purity
about issues of ingroup authority Purity
this<00:09:41.480> effect<00:09:41.720> is<00:09:41.800> so<00:09:42.040> robust<00:09:42.959> uh<00:09:43.079> that<00:09:43.160> we<00:09:43.240> find
this effect is so robust uh that we find
this effect is so robust uh that we find
it<00:09:43.519> no<00:09:43.640> matter<00:09:43.800> how<00:09:43.920> we<00:09:44.000> ask<00:09:44.160> the<00:09:44.320> question<00:09:44.760> uh
it no matter how we ask the question uh
it no matter how we ask the question uh
in<00:09:44.959> one<00:09:45.160> recent<00:09:45.360> study<00:09:45.640> we<00:09:45.720> asked<00:09:45.959> people<00:09:46.160> to
in one recent study we asked people to
in one recent study we asked people to
suppose<00:09:46.560> you're<00:09:46.720> about<00:09:46.839> to<00:09:46.959> get<00:09:47.040> a<00:09:47.200> dog<00:09:47.360> you
suppose you're about to get a dog you
suppose you're about to get a dog you
picked<00:09:47.720> a<00:09:47.839> particular<00:09:48.160> breed<00:09:48.680> you<00:09:48.800> learned
picked a particular breed you learned
picked a particular breed you learned
some<00:09:49.160> new<00:09:49.320> information<00:09:49.680> about<00:09:49.839> the<00:09:49.959> breed
some new information about the breed
some new information about the breed
suppose<00:09:50.920> you<00:09:51.120> learn<00:09:51.720> that<00:09:51.839> this<00:09:52.040> particular
suppose you learn that this particular
suppose you learn that this particular
breed<00:09:52.640> is<00:09:52.800> independent<00:09:53.320> minded<00:09:53.720> relates<00:09:53.959> to
breed is independent minded relates to
breed is independent minded relates to
its<00:09:54.160> owner<00:09:54.440> as<00:09:54.519> a<00:09:54.600> friend<00:09:54.760> and<00:09:54.920> an<00:09:55.040> equal<00:09:55.560> well
its owner as a friend and an equal well
its owner as a friend and an equal well
if<00:09:55.760> you're<00:09:55.880> a<00:09:56.000> liberal<00:09:56.279> you<00:09:56.399> say<00:09:56.640> hey<00:09:56.839> that's
if you're a liberal you say hey that's
if you're a liberal you say hey that's
great<00:09:57.279> because<00:09:57.399> liberals<00:09:57.720> like<00:09:57.880> to<00:09:57.959> say<00:09:58.120> fetch
great because liberals like to say fetch
great because liberals like to say fetch
please
but<00:10:05.200> if<00:10:05.320> you're<00:10:05.920> conservative<00:10:06.920> that's<00:10:07.160> not<00:10:07.279> so
but if you're conservative that's not so
but if you're conservative that's not so
attractive<00:10:08.120> if<00:10:08.240> you're<00:10:08.440> conservative<00:10:08.920> and
attractive if you're conservative and
attractive if you're conservative and
you<00:10:09.120> learn<00:10:09.640> uh<00:10:09.720> that<00:10:09.839> a<00:10:09.959> dog<00:10:10.120> is<00:10:10.279> extremely
you learn uh that a dog is extremely
you learn uh that a dog is extremely
loyal<00:10:10.959> to<00:10:11.120> its<00:10:11.240> home<00:10:11.360> and<00:10:11.560> family<00:10:11.920> and<00:10:12.040> doesn't
loyal to its home and family and doesn't
loyal to its home and family and doesn't
warm<00:10:12.399> up<00:10:12.519> quickly<00:10:12.720> to<00:10:12.839> strangers<00:10:13.399> for
warm up quickly to strangers for
warm up quickly to strangers for
conservative<00:10:14.320> well<00:10:14.480> loyalty<00:10:14.880> is<00:10:15.079> good<00:10:15.320> dogs
conservative well loyalty is good dogs
conservative well loyalty is good dogs
ought<00:10:15.680> to<00:10:15.800> be<00:10:15.920> loyal<00:10:16.240> but<00:10:16.360> to<00:10:16.519> a<00:10:16.680> liberal<00:10:17.279> it
ought to be loyal but to a liberal it
ought to be loyal but to a liberal it
sounds<00:10:17.640> like<00:10:17.760> this<00:10:17.880> dog<00:10:18.040> is<00:10:18.160> running<00:10:18.360> for<00:10:18.519> the
sounds like this dog is running for the
sounds like this dog is running for the
Republican
Republican
Republican
nomination<00:10:21.720> so<00:10:21.839> you<00:10:22.000> might<00:10:22.160> say<00:10:22.560> okay<00:10:22.959> there
nomination so you might say okay there
nomination so you might say okay there
are<00:10:23.240> these<00:10:23.399> differences<00:10:23.760> between<00:10:23.959> liberals
are these differences between liberals
are these differences between liberals
and<00:10:24.399> conservatives<00:10:24.920> but<00:10:25.120> what<00:10:25.320> makes<00:10:25.880> those
and conservatives but what makes those
and conservatives but what makes those
three<00:10:26.240> other<00:10:26.399> foundations<00:10:26.839> moral<00:10:27.160> aren't
three other foundations moral aren't
three other foundations moral aren't
those<00:10:27.560> just<00:10:27.680> the<00:10:27.760> foundations<00:10:28.200> of<00:10:28.320> xenophobia
those just the foundations of xenophobia
those just the foundations of xenophobia
authoritarianism<00:10:30.200> and<00:10:30.320> puritanism<00:10:30.880> what
authoritarianism and puritanism what
authoritarianism and puritanism what
makes<00:10:31.200> them<00:10:31.360> moral<00:10:31.880> the<00:10:32.040> answer<00:10:32.320> I<00:10:32.399> think<00:10:32.519> is
makes them moral the answer I think is
makes them moral the answer I think is
contained<00:10:33.200> in<00:10:33.360> this<00:10:33.600> incredible<00:10:34.040> cryptic
contained in this incredible cryptic
contained in this incredible cryptic
from<00:10:34.560> heronimus<00:10:35.040> Bosch<00:10:35.680> uh<00:10:35.800> The<00:10:35.920> Garden<00:10:36.120> of
from heronimus Bosch uh The Garden of
from heronimus Bosch uh The Garden of
Earthly<00:10:36.560> Delights<00:10:37.399> in<00:10:37.519> the<00:10:37.639> first<00:10:37.880> panel<00:10:38.639> we
Earthly Delights in the first panel we
Earthly Delights in the first panel we
see<00:10:39.240> the<00:10:39.360> moment<00:10:39.600> of<00:10:39.880> creation<00:10:40.880> all<00:10:41.040> is
see the moment of creation all is
see the moment of creation all is
ordered<00:10:41.720> all<00:10:41.880> is<00:10:42.079> beautiful<00:10:42.800> all<00:10:42.959> the<00:10:43.120> people
ordered all is beautiful all the people
ordered all is beautiful all the people
and<00:10:43.560> animals<00:10:43.920> are<00:10:44.240> doing<00:10:44.480> what<00:10:44.560> they're
and animals are doing what they're
and animals are doing what they're
supposed<00:10:44.880> to<00:10:44.959> be<00:10:45.120> doing<00:10:45.440> where<00:10:45.639> they're
supposed to be doing where they're
supposed to be doing where they're
supposed<00:10:46.040> to<00:10:46.200> be<00:10:46.760> uh<00:10:46.920> but<00:10:47.120> then<00:10:47.760> given<00:10:48.000> the<00:10:48.120> way
supposed to be uh but then given the way
supposed to be uh but then given the way
of<00:10:48.399> the<00:10:48.519> world<00:10:49.240> things<00:10:49.519> change<00:10:50.040> we<00:10:50.160> get<00:10:50.360> every
of the world things change we get every
of the world things change we get every
person<00:10:50.880> doing<00:10:51.160> whatever<00:10:51.399> he<00:10:51.519> wants<00:10:51.760> with
person doing whatever he wants with
person doing whatever he wants with
every<00:10:52.079> aperture<00:10:52.480> of<00:10:52.600> every<00:10:52.760> other<00:10:52.959> person<00:10:53.240> and
every aperture of every other person and
every aperture of every other person and
every<00:10:53.560> other<00:10:53.720> animal<00:10:54.480> uh<00:10:54.600> some<00:10:54.720> of<00:10:54.800> you<00:10:54.920> might
every other animal uh some of you might
every other animal uh some of you might
recognize<00:10:55.480> this<00:10:55.639> as<00:10:55.800> the'
recognize this as the'
recognize this as the'
60s<00:10:58.079> but<00:10:58.880> this<00:10:59.040> the<00:10:59.120> 60s<00:10:59.519> inevitably<00:10:59.959> gives
60s but this the 60s inevitably gives
60s but this the 60s inevitably gives
way<00:11:01.079> uh<00:11:01.320> to<00:11:01.480> the<00:11:01.639> 70s<00:11:02.480> where<00:11:03.120> uh<00:11:03.360> the<00:11:03.720> uh
way uh to the 70s where uh the uh
way uh to the 70s where uh the uh
cuttings<00:11:04.279> of<00:11:04.440> the<00:11:04.560> apertures<00:11:05.000> hurt<00:11:05.240> a<00:11:05.320> little
cuttings of the apertures hurt a little
cuttings of the apertures hurt a little
bit<00:11:05.560> more<00:11:05.720> of<00:11:05.839> course<00:11:06.040> BOS<00:11:06.320> called<00:11:06.560> this<00:11:07.160> hell
bit more of course BOS called this hell
bit more of course BOS called this hell
um<00:11:08.440> so<00:11:08.760> this<00:11:09.320> this<00:11:09.760> tryptic<00:11:10.320> this<00:11:10.519> these<00:11:10.720> three
um so this this tryptic this these three
um so this this tryptic this these three
panels<00:11:12.079> portray<00:11:12.480> the<00:11:12.600> Timeless<00:11:13.120> truth<00:11:14.120> that
panels portray the Timeless truth that
panels portray the Timeless truth that
uh<00:11:15.000> order<00:11:15.200> tends<00:11:15.440> to<00:11:15.560> Decay<00:11:16.440> the<00:11:16.560> truth<00:11:16.800> of
uh order tends to Decay the truth of
uh order tends to Decay the truth of
social<00:11:17.320> entropy<00:11:18.320> but<00:11:18.480> lest<00:11:18.720> you<00:11:18.839> think<00:11:19.079> this
social entropy but lest you think this
social entropy but lest you think this
is<00:11:19.440> just<00:11:19.880> some<00:11:20.040> part<00:11:20.160> of<00:11:20.240> the<00:11:20.360> Christian
is just some part of the Christian
is just some part of the Christian
imagination<00:11:21.240> where<00:11:21.360> Christians<00:11:21.720> have<00:11:21.880> this
imagination where Christians have this
imagination where Christians have this
weird<00:11:22.600> problem<00:11:22.880> with<00:11:23.079> pleasure<00:11:23.720> here's<00:11:24.000> the
weird problem with pleasure here's the
weird problem with pleasure here's the
same<00:11:24.399> story<00:11:24.920> the<00:11:25.040> same<00:11:25.320> progression<00:11:26.120> uh<00:11:26.240> told
same story the same progression uh told
same story the same progression uh told
in<00:11:26.639> a<00:11:26.800> paper<00:11:27.040> that<00:11:27.120> was<00:11:27.240> published<00:11:27.519> in<00:11:27.639> nature
in a paper that was published in nature
in a paper that was published in nature
a<00:11:28.000> few<00:11:28.160> years<00:11:28.360> ago<00:11:29.120> in<00:11:29.279> which<00:11:29.680> uh<00:11:29.800> Ernst<00:11:30.160> fair
a few years ago in which uh Ernst fair
a few years ago in which uh Ernst fair
and<00:11:30.480> Simon<00:11:30.760> gar<00:11:31.200> had<00:11:31.399> people<00:11:31.760> play<00:11:32.320> a<00:11:32.480> common
and Simon gar had people play a common
and Simon gar had people play a common
dilemma<00:11:33.200> a<00:11:33.279> game<00:11:33.440> in<00:11:33.519> which<00:11:33.639> you<00:11:33.800> give<00:11:33.959> people
dilemma a game in which you give people
dilemma a game in which you give people
money<00:11:35.240> uh<00:11:35.360> and<00:11:35.560> then<00:11:35.760> on<00:11:35.920> each<00:11:36.120> round<00:11:36.320> of<00:11:36.440> the
money uh and then on each round of the
money uh and then on each round of the
game<00:11:37.000> they<00:11:37.120> can<00:11:37.279> put<00:11:37.480> money<00:11:37.720> into<00:11:37.920> a<00:11:38.079> common
game they can put money into a common
game they can put money into a common
pot<00:11:39.079> and<00:11:39.200> then<00:11:39.320> the<00:11:39.480> experimentor<00:11:39.959> doubles
pot and then the experimentor doubles
pot and then the experimentor doubles
what's<00:11:40.480> in<00:11:40.680> there<00:11:40.839> and<00:11:40.959> then<00:11:41.160> it's<00:11:41.279> all
what's in there and then it's all
what's in there and then it's all
divided<00:11:42.079> among<00:11:42.360> the<00:11:42.480> players<00:11:42.800> so<00:11:42.920> it's<00:11:43.000> a
divided among the players so it's a
divided among the players so it's a
really<00:11:43.440> nice<00:11:43.639> analog<00:11:44.200> for<00:11:44.399> all<00:11:44.519> sorts<00:11:44.760> of
really nice analog for all sorts of
really nice analog for all sorts of
environmental<00:11:45.480> issues<00:11:46.160> where<00:11:46.399> we're<00:11:46.600> asking
environmental issues where we're asking
environmental issues where we're asking
people<00:11:47.000> to<00:11:47.079> make<00:11:47.200> a<00:11:47.399> sacrifice<00:11:47.880> and<00:11:48.000> they
people to make a sacrifice and they
people to make a sacrifice and they
themselves<00:11:48.519> don't<00:11:48.720> really<00:11:48.920> benefit<00:11:49.440> from
themselves don't really benefit from
themselves don't really benefit from
their<00:11:49.760> own<00:11:50.040> sacrifice<00:11:50.519> but<00:11:50.600> you<00:11:50.720> really<00:11:50.839> want
their own sacrifice but you really want
their own sacrifice but you really want
everybody<00:11:51.320> else<00:11:51.480> to<00:11:51.720> sacrifice<00:11:52.360> but
everybody else to sacrifice but
everybody else to sacrifice but
everybody<00:11:52.800> has<00:11:52.880> a<00:11:53.040> temptation<00:11:53.399> to<00:11:53.519> free<00:11:53.839> ride
everybody has a temptation to free ride
everybody has a temptation to free ride
and<00:11:54.720> what<00:11:54.880> happens<00:11:55.639> uh<00:11:55.800> is<00:11:55.959> that<00:11:56.120> at<00:11:56.240> first
and what happens uh is that at first
and what happens uh is that at first
people<00:11:56.680> start<00:11:56.880> off<00:11:57.079> reasonably<00:11:57.560> Cooperative
people start off reasonably Cooperative
people start off reasonably Cooperative
this<00:11:58.480> all<00:11:58.600> played<00:11:58.720> a<00:11:59.240> anonymously<00:12:00.240> on<00:12:00.360> the
this all played a anonymously on the
this all played a anonymously on the
first<00:12:00.720> round<00:12:01.160> people<00:12:01.560> give<00:12:01.760> about<00:12:01.959> half<00:12:02.120> of
first round people give about half of
first round people give about half of
the<00:12:02.320> money<00:12:02.720> that<00:12:02.880> they<00:12:03.079> can<00:12:03.880> uh<00:12:04.000> but<00:12:04.079> they
the money that they can uh but they
the money that they can uh but they
quickly<00:12:04.440> see<00:12:04.680> you<00:12:04.760> know<00:12:04.880> what<00:12:05.040> other<00:12:05.200> people
quickly see you know what other people
quickly see you know what other people
aren't<00:12:05.600> doing<00:12:05.800> so<00:12:05.959> much<00:12:06.120> so<00:12:06.320> I<00:12:06.360> don't<00:12:06.440> want<00:12:06.519> to
aren't doing so much so I don't want to
aren't doing so much so I don't want to
be<00:12:06.720> a<00:12:06.800> sucker<00:12:07.240> I'm<00:12:07.320> not<00:12:07.480> going<00:12:07.560> to<00:12:07.800> cooperate
be a sucker I'm not going to cooperate
be a sucker I'm not going to cooperate
and<00:12:08.560> so<00:12:08.760> cooperation<00:12:09.279> quickly<00:12:09.639> decays<00:12:10.120> from
and so cooperation quickly decays from
and so cooperation quickly decays from
reasonably<00:12:10.880> good<00:12:11.240> down<00:12:11.360> to<00:12:11.560> close<00:12:11.800> to<00:12:12.000> zero
reasonably good down to close to zero
reasonably good down to close to zero
but<00:12:13.000> then<00:12:13.160> and<00:12:13.279> here's<00:12:13.480> the<00:12:13.600> trick<00:12:14.079> far<00:12:14.360> and
but then and here's the trick far and
but then and here's the trick far and
gar<00:12:15.040> said<00:12:15.240> on<00:12:15.360> the<00:12:15.440> seventh<00:12:15.800> round<00:12:16.000> they<00:12:16.079> told
gar said on the seventh round they told
gar said on the seventh round they told
people<00:12:16.760> you<00:12:16.880> know<00:12:17.040> what<00:12:17.680> new<00:12:17.920> rule<00:12:18.279> if<00:12:18.360> you
people you know what new rule if you
people you know what new rule if you
want<00:12:18.839> to<00:12:19.240> give<00:12:19.440> some<00:12:19.560> of<00:12:19.680> your<00:12:19.800> own<00:12:19.959> money<00:12:20.240> to
want to give some of your own money to
want to give some of your own money to
punish<00:12:21.399> people<00:12:22.000> who<00:12:22.120> aren't<00:12:22.399> contributing
punish people who aren't contributing
punish people who aren't contributing
you<00:12:23.000> can<00:12:23.120> do<00:12:23.360> that<00:12:24.360> and<00:12:24.519> as<00:12:24.639> soon<00:12:24.800> as<00:12:24.959> people
you can do that and as soon as people
you can do that and as soon as people
heard<00:12:25.480> about<00:12:25.680> the<00:12:25.800> punishment<00:12:26.639> issue<00:12:26.959> going
heard about the punishment issue going
heard about the punishment issue going
on<00:12:27.720> cooperation<00:12:28.199> shoots<00:12:28.560> up<00:12:29.000> it<00:12:29.079> shoots<00:12:29.399> up
on cooperation shoots up it shoots up
on cooperation shoots up it shoots up
and<00:12:29.639> it<00:12:29.760> keeps<00:12:30.040> going<00:12:30.320> up<00:12:30.639> there's<00:12:30.800> a<00:12:30.920> lot<00:12:31.040> of
and it keeps going up there's a lot of
and it keeps going up there's a lot of
research<00:12:31.600> showing<00:12:32.120> that<00:12:32.240> to<00:12:32.399> solve
research showing that to solve
research showing that to solve
Cooperative<00:12:33.199> problems<00:12:33.519> it<00:12:33.720> really<00:12:33.920> helps
Cooperative problems it really helps
Cooperative problems it really helps
it's<00:12:34.320> not<00:12:34.480> enough<00:12:34.639> to<00:12:34.760> just<00:12:34.920> appeal<00:12:35.160> to
it's not enough to just appeal to
it's not enough to just appeal to
people's<00:12:35.560> good<00:12:35.720> motives<00:12:36.199> it<00:12:36.320> really<00:12:36.519> helps<00:12:36.760> to
people's good motives it really helps to
people's good motives it really helps to
have<00:12:37.079> some<00:12:37.240> sort<00:12:37.440> of<00:12:37.560> punishment<00:12:38.120> even<00:12:38.279> if
have some sort of punishment even if
have some sort of punishment even if
it's<00:12:38.519> just<00:12:38.639> shame<00:12:38.920> or<00:12:39.040> embarrassment<00:12:39.519> or
it's just shame or embarrassment or
it's just shame or embarrassment or
gossip<00:12:40.320> you<00:12:40.480> need<00:12:40.720> some<00:12:40.959> sort<00:12:41.279> of<00:12:41.680> punishment
gossip you need some sort of punishment
gossip you need some sort of punishment
to<00:12:42.760> bring<00:12:43.040> people<00:12:43.360> when<00:12:43.440> they're<00:12:43.560> in<00:12:43.680> large
to bring people when they're in large
to bring people when they're in large
groups<00:12:44.320> to<00:12:44.519> cooperate<00:12:45.360> there's<00:12:45.600> even<00:12:45.760> some
groups to cooperate there's even some
groups to cooperate there's even some
recent<00:12:46.120> research<00:12:46.480> suggesting<00:12:46.880> that<00:12:47.040> religion
recent research suggesting that religion
recent research suggesting that religion
uh<00:12:48.480> priming<00:12:48.920> god<00:12:49.120> making<00:12:49.360> people<00:12:49.600> think<00:12:49.800> about
uh priming god making people think about
uh priming god making people think about
God<00:12:50.560> often<00:12:50.800> in<00:12:50.959> some<00:12:51.120> situations<00:12:51.600> leads<00:12:51.839> to
God often in some situations leads to
God often in some situations leads to
more<00:12:52.240> Cooperative<00:12:52.680> more<00:12:52.800> prosocial
more Cooperative more prosocial
more Cooperative more prosocial
behavior<00:12:55.040> um<00:12:55.519> some<00:12:55.720> people<00:12:55.959> think<00:12:56.160> that
behavior um some people think that
behavior um some people think that
religion<00:12:56.639> is<00:12:56.760> an<00:12:56.920> adaptation<00:12:57.480> evolved<00:12:57.920> both
religion is an adaptation evolved both
religion is an adaptation evolved both
by<00:12:58.279> cultural<00:12:58.600> and<00:12:58.839> biological<00:12:59.240> evolution<00:12:59.920> to
by cultural and biological evolution to
by cultural and biological evolution to
make<00:13:00.600> groups<00:13:01.120> cohere<00:13:01.800> in<00:13:01.920> part<00:13:02.079> for<00:13:02.240> the
make groups cohere in part for the
make groups cohere in part for the
purpose<00:13:02.800> of<00:13:03.079> of<00:13:03.240> trusting<00:13:03.600> each<00:13:03.720> other<00:13:03.959> and
purpose of of trusting each other and
purpose of of trusting each other and
then<00:13:04.279> being<00:13:04.440> more<00:13:04.600> effective<00:13:04.880> at<00:13:05.000> competing
then being more effective at competing
then being more effective at competing
with<00:13:05.399> other<00:13:05.519> groups<00:13:06.040> I<00:13:06.120> think<00:13:06.279> that's
with other groups I think that's
with other groups I think that's
probably<00:13:06.880> right<00:13:07.040> although<00:13:07.279> this<00:13:07.360> is<00:13:07.440> a
probably right although this is a
probably right although this is a
controversial<00:13:08.079> issue<00:13:08.800> um<00:13:09.560> but<00:13:09.680> I'm
controversial issue um but I'm
controversial issue um but I'm
particularly<00:13:10.240> interested<00:13:10.720> in<00:13:11.079> religion<00:13:11.519> in
particularly interested in religion in
particularly interested in religion in
the<00:13:11.720> origin<00:13:12.000> of<00:13:12.120> religion<00:13:12.800> and<00:13:12.920> in<00:13:13.079> what<00:13:13.160> it
the origin of religion and in what it
the origin of religion and in what it
does<00:13:13.560> to<00:13:13.800> us<00:13:14.000> and<00:13:14.160> for<00:13:14.440> us<00:13:15.120> because<00:13:15.360> I<00:13:15.480> think
does to us and for us because I think
does to us and for us because I think
that<00:13:15.760> the<00:13:15.839> greatest<00:13:16.120> Wonder<00:13:16.360> in<00:13:16.480> the<00:13:16.600> world<00:13:17.079> is
that the greatest Wonder in the world is
that the greatest Wonder in the world is
not<00:13:17.360> the<00:13:17.480> Grand<00:13:17.760> Canyon<00:13:18.040> the<00:13:18.160> Grand<00:13:18.399> Canyon<00:13:18.720> is
not the Grand Canyon the Grand Canyon is
not the Grand Canyon the Grand Canyon is
really<00:13:19.160> simple<00:13:19.760> it's<00:13:19.920> just<00:13:20.079> a<00:13:20.160> lot<00:13:20.320> of<00:13:20.440> rock
really simple it's just a lot of rock
really simple it's just a lot of rock
and<00:13:20.839> then<00:13:21.000> a<00:13:21.199> lot<00:13:21.399> of<00:13:22.000> water<00:13:22.360> and<00:13:22.519> wind<00:13:22.839> and<00:13:22.959> a
and then a lot of water and wind and a
and then a lot of water and wind and a
lot<00:13:23.199> of<00:13:23.320> time<00:13:23.639> and<00:13:23.760> you<00:13:23.839> get<00:13:23.959> the<00:13:24.079> Grand<00:13:24.320> Canyon
lot of time and you get the Grand Canyon
lot of time and you get the Grand Canyon
it's<00:13:24.880> not<00:13:25.079> that<00:13:25.240> complicated<00:13:25.959> this<00:13:26.040> is<00:13:26.199> what's
it's not that complicated this is what's
it's not that complicated this is what's
really<00:13:26.639> complicated<00:13:27.279> that<00:13:27.399> there<00:13:27.480> were
really complicated that there were
really complicated that there were
people<00:13:27.920> living<00:13:28.199> in<00:13:28.320> places<00:13:28.600> like<00:13:28.839> the<00:13:28.920> Grand
people living in places like the Grand
people living in places like the Grand
Canyon<00:13:29.639> cooperating<00:13:30.160> with<00:13:30.279> each<00:13:30.399> other<00:13:30.800> or<00:13:30.959> on
Canyon cooperating with each other or on
Canyon cooperating with each other or on
the<00:13:31.160> savannas<00:13:31.560> of<00:13:31.760> Africa<00:13:32.240> or<00:13:32.360> on<00:13:32.440> the<00:13:32.519> Frozen
the savannas of Africa or on the Frozen
the savannas of Africa or on the Frozen
shores<00:13:33.120> of<00:13:33.240> Alaska<00:13:33.959> and<00:13:34.079> then<00:13:34.240> some<00:13:34.360> of<00:13:34.480> these
shores of Alaska and then some of these
shores of Alaska and then some of these
Villages<00:13:35.360> grew<00:13:35.639> into<00:13:35.839> the<00:13:35.959> mighty<00:13:36.199> cities<00:13:36.480> of
Villages grew into the mighty cities of
Villages grew into the mighty cities of
Babylon<00:13:37.600> and<00:13:37.760> Rome<00:13:38.120> and<00:13:38.240> Teno<00:13:38.639> Tian<00:13:39.279> how<00:13:39.399> did
Babylon and Rome and Teno Tian how did
Babylon and Rome and Teno Tian how did
this<00:13:39.800> happen<00:13:40.120> this<00:13:40.199> is<00:13:40.360> an<00:13:40.560> absolute<00:13:40.959> Miracle
this happen this is an absolute Miracle
this happen this is an absolute Miracle
much<00:13:41.560> harder<00:13:41.800> to<00:13:41.959> explain<00:13:42.240> than<00:13:42.360> the<00:13:42.480> Grand
much harder to explain than the Grand
much harder to explain than the Grand
Canyon<00:13:43.440> the<00:13:43.600> answer<00:13:43.920> I<00:13:44.040> think<00:13:44.519> is<00:13:44.680> that<00:13:44.920> they
Canyon the answer I think is that they
Canyon the answer I think is that they
used<00:13:45.279> every<00:13:45.440> tool<00:13:45.680> in<00:13:45.760> the<00:13:45.880> toolbx<00:13:46.880> it<00:13:47.000> took
used every tool in the toolbx it took
used every tool in the toolbx it took
all<00:13:47.399> of<00:13:47.480> our<00:13:47.600> moral<00:13:47.880> psychology<00:13:48.519> to<00:13:48.680> create
all of our moral psychology to create
all of our moral psychology to create
these<00:13:49.079> Cooperative<00:13:49.519> groups<00:13:49.880> yes<00:13:50.000> you<00:13:50.160> do<00:13:50.320> need
these Cooperative groups yes you do need
these Cooperative groups yes you do need
to<00:13:50.800> be<00:13:50.959> concerned<00:13:51.279> about<00:13:51.440> harm<00:13:51.680> you<00:13:51.759> do<00:13:51.880> need<00:13:52.000> a
to be concerned about harm you do need a
to be concerned about harm you do need a
psychology<00:13:52.480> of<00:13:52.600> justice<00:13:53.360> but<00:13:53.480> it<00:13:53.600> really
psychology of justice but it really
psychology of justice but it really
helps<00:13:54.000> to<00:13:54.160> organize<00:13:54.600> a<00:13:54.800> group<00:13:55.240> if<00:13:55.320> you<00:13:55.440> can
helps to organize a group if you can
helps to organize a group if you can
have<00:13:55.800> subgroups<00:13:56.480> and<00:13:56.600> if<00:13:56.720> those<00:13:56.920> subgroups
have subgroups and if those subgroups
have subgroups and if those subgroups
have<00:13:57.680> some<00:13:57.839> internal<00:13:58.240> structure<00:13:58.959> uh<00:13:59.079> and<00:13:59.160> if
have some internal structure uh and if
have some internal structure uh and if
you<00:13:59.360> have<00:13:59.480> some<00:13:59.639> ideology<00:14:00.079> that<00:14:00.199> tells<00:14:00.560> people
you have some ideology that tells people
you have some ideology that tells people
to<00:14:01.360> suppress<00:14:01.800> their<00:14:02.000> carnality<00:14:02.600> to<00:14:02.759> pursue
to suppress their carnality to pursue
to suppress their carnality to pursue
higher<00:14:03.480> nobler
higher nobler
higher nobler
ends<00:14:06.040> and<00:14:06.120> now<00:14:06.240> we<00:14:06.360> get<00:14:06.480> to<00:14:06.560> the<00:14:06.720> Crux<00:14:06.959> of<00:14:07.040> the
ends and now we get to the Crux of the
ends and now we get to the Crux of the
disagreement<00:14:07.680> between<00:14:07.920> liberals<00:14:08.240> and
disagreement between liberals and
disagreement between liberals and
conservatives<00:14:09.600> because<00:14:10.000> liberals<00:14:10.519> reject
conservatives because liberals reject
conservatives because liberals reject
three<00:14:11.120> of<00:14:11.240> these<00:14:11.360> foundations<00:14:11.839> they<00:14:11.959> say<00:14:12.120> no
three of these foundations they say no
three of these foundations they say no
let's<00:14:12.440> celebrate<00:14:12.839> diversity<00:14:13.279> not<00:14:13.480> common<00:14:13.720> in
let's celebrate diversity not common in
let's celebrate diversity not common in
group<00:14:14.040> membership<00:14:14.560> they<00:14:14.720> say<00:14:14.880> let's<00:14:15.040> question
group membership they say let's question
group membership they say let's question
authority<00:14:16.079> and<00:14:16.160> they<00:14:16.279> say<00:14:16.480> keep<00:14:16.639> your<00:14:16.759> laws
authority and they say keep your laws
authority and they say keep your laws
off<00:14:17.120> my<00:14:17.639> body<00:14:18.639> liberals<00:14:19.000> have<00:14:19.120> very<00:14:19.279> Noble
off my body liberals have very Noble
off my body liberals have very Noble
motives<00:14:19.839> for<00:14:19.959> doing<00:14:20.199> this<00:14:20.360> traditional
motives for doing this traditional
motives for doing this traditional
Authority<00:14:21.399> traditional<00:14:21.959> morality<00:14:22.600> can<00:14:22.800> be
Authority traditional morality can be
Authority traditional morality can be
quite<00:14:23.120> repressive<00:14:23.560> and<00:14:23.720> restrictive<00:14:24.320> to
quite repressive and restrictive to
quite repressive and restrictive to
those<00:14:24.639> at<00:14:24.759> the<00:14:24.880> bottom<00:14:25.199> to<00:14:25.360> women<00:14:25.600> to<00:14:25.720> people
those at the bottom to women to people
those at the bottom to women to people
that<00:14:26.000> don't<00:14:26.160> fit<00:14:26.360> in<00:14:27.160> so<00:14:27.440> liberals<00:14:27.800> speak<00:14:28.000> for
that don't fit in so liberals speak for
that don't fit in so liberals speak for
the<00:14:28.199> weak<00:14:28.360> and<00:14:29.160> they<00:14:29.279> want<00:14:29.480> change<00:14:29.720> in<00:14:29.920> Justice
the weak and they want change in Justice
the weak and they want change in Justice
even<00:14:30.759> at<00:14:30.880> the<00:14:31.000> risk<00:14:31.199> of<00:14:31.360> chaos<00:14:31.639> if<00:14:31.800> this<00:14:31.920> guy's
even at the risk of chaos if this guy's
even at the risk of chaos if this guy's
shirt<00:14:32.360> says<00:14:32.600> stop<00:14:32.839> bitching<00:14:33.160> start<00:14:33.360> a
shirt says stop bitching start a
shirt says stop bitching start a
revolution<00:14:34.079> if<00:14:34.160> you're<00:14:34.320> high<00:14:34.440> in<00:14:34.560> open<00:14:34.839> to
revolution if you're high in open to
revolution if you're high in open to
experience<00:14:35.440> Revolution<00:14:35.800> is<00:14:35.959> good<00:14:36.120> it's
experience Revolution is good it's
experience Revolution is good it's
change<00:14:36.600> it's<00:14:36.839> fun<00:14:37.800> conservatives<00:14:38.360> on<00:14:38.440> the
change it's fun conservatives on the
change it's fun conservatives on the
other<00:14:38.720> hand<00:14:38.920> speak<00:14:39.160> for<00:14:39.360> institutions<00:14:39.800> and
other hand speak for institutions and
other hand speak for institutions and
traditions<00:14:40.839> they<00:14:41.000> want<00:14:41.279> order<00:14:41.680> even<00:14:41.839> at<00:14:42.000> some
traditions they want order even at some
traditions they want order even at some
cost<00:14:42.440> to<00:14:42.680> those<00:14:42.959> at<00:14:43.079> the<00:14:43.480> bottom<00:14:44.480> the<00:14:44.639> great
cost to those at the bottom the great
cost to those at the bottom the great
conservative<00:14:45.320> Insight<00:14:45.759> is<00:14:45.880> that<00:14:46.000> order<00:14:46.240> is
conservative Insight is that order is
conservative Insight is that order is
really<00:14:46.560> hard<00:14:46.759> to<00:14:46.920> achieve<00:14:47.240> it's<00:14:47.399> really
really hard to achieve it's really
really hard to achieve it's really
precious<00:14:48.279> and<00:14:48.360> it's<00:14:48.600> really<00:14:48.880> easy<00:14:49.199> to<00:14:49.399> lose<00:14:50.240> so
precious and it's really easy to lose so
precious and it's really easy to lose so
as<00:14:50.680> Edmund<00:14:51.000> Burke<00:14:51.240> said<00:14:51.399> the<00:14:51.519> restraints<00:14:51.959> on
as Edmund Burke said the restraints on
as Edmund Burke said the restraints on
men<00:14:52.519> as<00:14:52.720> well<00:14:52.880> as<00:14:53.000> their<00:14:53.120> Liberties<00:14:53.720> are<00:14:53.839> to<00:14:53.959> be
men as well as their Liberties are to be
men as well as their Liberties are to be
reckoned<00:14:54.399> among<00:14:54.560> their<00:14:54.720> rights<00:14:54.959> this<00:14:55.040> was
reckoned among their rights this was
reckoned among their rights this was
after<00:14:55.399> the<00:14:55.519> chaos<00:14:55.759> of<00:14:55.880> the<00:14:55.959> French<00:14:56.440> Revolution
after the chaos of the French Revolution
after the chaos of the French Revolution
so<00:14:57.639> once<00:14:57.759> you<00:14:57.920> see<00:14:58.160> this<00:14:58.399> once<00:14:58.639> once<00:14:58.720> you<00:14:58.839> see
so once you see this once once you see
so once you see this once once you see
that<00:14:59.040> liberals<00:14:59.360> and<00:14:59.480> conservatives<00:15:00.079> both
that liberals and conservatives both
that liberals and conservatives both
have<00:15:00.360> something<00:15:00.600> to<00:15:00.759> contribute<00:15:01.279> that<00:15:01.600> they
have something to contribute that they
have something to contribute that they
they<00:15:01.880> form<00:15:02.079> a<00:15:02.279> balance<00:15:03.040> on<00:15:03.560> on<00:15:03.680> change<00:15:04.000> versus
they form a balance on on change versus
they form a balance on on change versus
stability<00:15:05.320> then<00:15:05.519> I<00:15:05.600> think<00:15:05.759> the<00:15:05.880> way<00:15:06.040> is<00:15:06.120> open
stability then I think the way is open
stability then I think the way is open
to<00:15:06.399> step<00:15:06.639> outside<00:15:06.880> the<00:15:06.959> moral
to step outside the moral
to step outside the moral
Matrix<00:15:09.000> this<00:15:09.120> is<00:15:09.320> the<00:15:09.480> great<00:15:09.720> Insight<00:15:10.079> that
Matrix this is the great Insight that
Matrix this is the great Insight that
all<00:15:10.399> the<00:15:10.519> Asian<00:15:10.880> religions<00:15:11.880> have<00:15:12.120> have
all the Asian religions have have
all the Asian religions have have
attained<00:15:13.279> think<00:15:13.440> about<00:15:13.639> Yin<00:15:13.839> and<00:15:14.000> yangang<00:15:14.199> Yin
attained think about Yin and yangang Yin
attained think about Yin and yangang Yin
and<00:15:14.480> yangang<00:15:14.680> aren't<00:15:14.920> enemies<00:15:15.399> yin<00:15:15.600> and<00:15:15.720> yang
and yangang aren't enemies yin and yang
and yangang aren't enemies yin and yang
don't<00:15:16.120> hate<00:15:16.320> each<00:15:16.480> other<00:15:16.959> yin<00:15:17.160> and<00:15:17.279> yang<00:15:17.480> are
don't hate each other yin and yang are
don't hate each other yin and yang are
both<00:15:17.920> necessary<00:15:18.680> like<00:15:18.839> night<00:15:19.000> and<00:15:19.240> day<00:15:19.720> for
both necessary like night and day for
both necessary like night and day for
the<00:15:20.000> functioning<00:15:20.399> of<00:15:20.519> the<00:15:20.639> world<00:15:21.240> you<00:15:21.399> find
the functioning of the world you find
the functioning of the world you find
the<00:15:21.680> same<00:15:21.839> thing<00:15:21.959> in<00:15:22.079> Hinduism<00:15:23.000> uh<00:15:23.120> there<00:15:23.199> are
the same thing in Hinduism uh there are
the same thing in Hinduism uh there are
many<00:15:23.600> high<00:15:23.800> gods<00:15:24.000> in<00:15:24.120> Hinduism<00:15:24.680> two<00:15:24.839> of<00:15:24.920> them
many high gods in Hinduism two of them
many high gods in Hinduism two of them
are<00:15:25.120> visher<00:15:25.440> the<00:15:25.519> preserver<00:15:25.880> Shiva<00:15:26.199> the
are visher the preserver Shiva the
are visher the preserver Shiva the
Destroyer<00:15:27.639> this<00:15:27.839> image<00:15:28.199> actually<00:15:28.759> is<00:15:29.240> both<00:15:29.440> of
Destroyer this image actually is both of
Destroyer this image actually is both of
those<00:15:29.759> Gods<00:15:29.959> sharing<00:15:30.279> the<00:15:30.360> same<00:15:30.600> body<00:15:31.120> you
those Gods sharing the same body you
those Gods sharing the same body you
have<00:15:31.360> the<00:15:31.480> markings<00:15:32.040> of<00:15:32.560> Vishnu<00:15:33.000> on<00:15:33.120> the<00:15:33.279> left
have the markings of Vishnu on the left
have the markings of Vishnu on the left
so<00:15:33.839> we<00:15:33.959> could<00:15:34.079> think<00:15:34.199> of<00:15:34.319> Vishnu<00:15:34.680> as<00:15:34.759> the
so we could think of Vishnu as the
so we could think of Vishnu as the
conservative<00:15:35.440> God<00:15:35.759> you<00:15:35.839> have<00:15:35.959> the<00:15:36.040> markings
conservative God you have the markings
conservative God you have the markings
of<00:15:36.440> Shiva<00:15:37.040> on<00:15:37.160> the<00:15:37.319> right<00:15:37.680> Shiva<00:15:38.040> is<00:15:38.120> the
of Shiva on the right Shiva is the
of Shiva on the right Shiva is the
liberal<00:15:38.639> God<00:15:39.199> and<00:15:39.319> they<00:15:39.440> work<00:15:39.800> together<00:15:40.680> you
liberal God and they work together you
liberal God and they work together you
find<00:15:40.959> the<00:15:41.079> same<00:15:41.199> thing<00:15:41.319> in<00:15:41.440> Buddhism<00:15:42.120> these
find the same thing in Buddhism these
find the same thing in Buddhism these
two<00:15:42.440> stanzas<00:15:42.880> contain<00:15:43.199> I<00:15:43.279> think<00:15:43.399> the<00:15:43.519> deepest
two stanzas contain I think the deepest
two stanzas contain I think the deepest
insights<00:15:44.199> that<00:15:44.319> have<00:15:44.440> ever<00:15:44.680> been<00:15:44.839> attained
insights that have ever been attained
insights that have ever been attained
into<00:15:45.800> moral
into moral
into moral
psychology<00:15:47.639> uh<00:15:47.720> from<00:15:47.880> the<00:15:48.000> Zen<00:15:48.279> Master<00:15:48.839> San<00:15:49.839> if
psychology uh from the Zen Master San if
psychology uh from the Zen Master San if
you<00:15:50.040> want<00:15:50.160> the<00:15:50.279> truth<00:15:50.480> to<00:15:50.639> stand<00:15:50.920> clear<00:15:51.199> before
you want the truth to stand clear before
you want the truth to stand clear before
you<00:15:52.040> never<00:15:52.279> be<00:15:52.639> for<00:15:52.800> or<00:15:53.040> against<00:15:53.920> the<00:15:54.040> struggle
you never be for or against the struggle
you never be for or against the struggle
between<00:15:54.680> for<00:15:54.880> and<00:15:55.079> against<00:15:55.600> is<00:15:55.720> the<00:15:55.839> mind's
between for and against is the mind's
between for and against is the mind's
worst<00:15:56.839> disease<00:15:57.839> unfortunately<00:15:58.839> it's<00:15:58.959> a
worst disease unfortunately it's a
worst disease unfortunately it's a
disease<00:15:59.600> that<00:15:59.720> has<00:15:59.920> been<00:16:00.120> caught<00:16:00.399> by<00:16:00.519> many<00:16:00.680> of
disease that has been caught by many of
disease that has been caught by many of
the<00:16:00.839> world's<00:16:01.120> leaders<00:16:01.639> but<00:16:01.800> before<00:16:01.959> you<00:16:02.079> feel
the world's leaders but before you feel
the world's leaders but before you feel
Superior<00:16:02.839> to<00:16:03.040> George<00:16:03.360> Bush<00:16:03.680> before<00:16:03.920> you<00:16:04.240> throw
Superior to George Bush before you throw
Superior to George Bush before you throw
a<00:16:04.600> stone<00:16:05.480> ask<00:16:05.720> yourself<00:16:06.279> do<00:16:06.399> you<00:16:06.680> accept<00:16:07.319> this
a stone ask yourself do you accept this
a stone ask yourself do you accept this
do<00:16:08.480> you<00:16:08.720> accept<00:16:09.279> stepping<00:16:09.639> out<00:16:09.880> of<00:16:10.000> the<00:16:10.120> battle
do you accept stepping out of the battle
do you accept stepping out of the battle
of<00:16:10.560> Good<00:16:10.839> and<00:16:11.040> Evil<00:16:11.639> can<00:16:11.759> you<00:16:11.959> be<00:16:12.279> not<00:16:12.480> for<00:16:12.759> or
of Good and Evil can you be not for or
of Good and Evil can you be not for or
against
against
against
anything<00:16:14.880> so<00:16:15.519> what's<00:16:15.759> the<00:16:15.880> point<00:16:16.160> what<00:16:16.240> should
anything so what's the point what should
anything so what's the point what should
you<00:16:16.639> do<00:16:17.639> well<00:16:18.480> if<00:16:18.560> you<00:16:18.720> take<00:16:18.920> the<00:16:19.040> greatest
you do well if you take the greatest
you do well if you take the greatest
insights<00:16:20.040> from<00:16:20.240> ancient<00:16:20.519> Asian<00:16:20.920> philosophies
insights from ancient Asian philosophies
insights from ancient Asian philosophies
and<00:16:21.480> religions<00:16:21.839> and<00:16:21.959> you<00:16:22.079> combine<00:16:22.399> them<00:16:22.759> with
and religions and you combine them with
and religions and you combine them with
the<00:16:22.959> latest<00:16:23.199> research<00:16:23.480> on<00:16:23.600> moral<00:16:23.880> psychology
the latest research on moral psychology
the latest research on moral psychology
I<00:16:24.720> think<00:16:24.839> you<00:16:25.000> come<00:16:25.160> to<00:16:25.319> these<00:16:25.480> conclusions
I think you come to these conclusions
I think you come to these conclusions
that<00:16:26.560> our<00:16:26.720> righteous<00:16:27.079> Minds<00:16:27.440> were<00:16:27.720> designed
that our righteous Minds were designed
that our righteous Minds were designed
uh<00:16:28.880> by<00:16:29.079> Evolution<00:16:30.079> um<00:16:30.199> to<00:16:30.360> unite<00:16:30.639> us<00:16:30.759> into
uh by Evolution um to unite us into
uh by Evolution um to unite us into
teams<00:16:31.839> to<00:16:32.000> divide<00:16:32.279> us<00:16:32.480> against<00:16:32.720> other<00:16:32.920> teams
teams to divide us against other teams
teams to divide us against other teams
and<00:16:33.319> then<00:16:33.440> to<00:16:33.560> Blind<00:16:33.920> us<00:16:34.079> to<00:16:34.240> the
and then to Blind us to the
and then to Blind us to the
truth<00:16:36.680> so<00:16:37.680> what<00:16:37.800> should<00:16:38.000> you<00:16:38.120> do<00:16:38.399> am<00:16:38.480> I<00:16:38.600> telling
truth so what should you do am I telling
truth so what should you do am I telling
you<00:16:39.199> to<00:16:39.360> not<00:16:39.560> strive<00:16:40.319> am<00:16:40.440> I<00:16:40.560> telling<00:16:40.759> you<00:16:40.880> to
you to not strive am I telling you to
you to not strive am I telling you to
embrace<00:16:41.399> senson<00:16:41.959> and<00:16:42.160> stop<00:16:43.000> stop<00:16:43.240> with<00:16:43.399> this
embrace senson and stop stop with this
embrace senson and stop stop with this
struggle<00:16:44.079> uh<00:16:44.360> uh<00:16:44.880> uh<00:16:45.079> for<00:16:45.279> and<00:16:45.480> against<00:16:46.040> no
struggle uh uh uh for and against no
struggle uh uh uh for and against no
absolutely<00:16:46.680> not<00:16:46.839> I'm<00:16:47.000> not<00:16:47.160> saying<00:16:47.519> that<00:16:48.120> this
absolutely not I'm not saying that this
absolutely not I'm not saying that this
is<00:16:48.360> an<00:16:48.480> amazing<00:16:48.800> group<00:16:49.040> of<00:16:49.199> people<00:16:49.839> who<00:16:50.000> are
is an amazing group of people who are
is an amazing group of people who are
doing<00:16:50.440> so<00:16:50.639> much<00:16:51.279> using<00:16:51.600> so<00:16:51.759> much<00:16:51.880> of<00:16:52.079> their<00:16:52.319> of
doing so much using so much of their of
doing so much using so much of their of
their<00:16:52.639> talent<00:16:52.959> their<00:16:53.079> Brilliance<00:16:53.480> their
their talent their Brilliance their
their talent their Brilliance their
energy<00:16:53.959> their<00:16:54.079> money<00:16:54.759> to<00:16:54.920> make<00:16:55.079> the<00:16:55.160> world<00:16:55.360> a
energy their money to make the world a
energy their money to make the world a
better<00:16:55.759> place<00:16:56.319> to<00:16:56.560> fight<00:16:57.000> to<00:16:57.199> fight<00:16:57.440> wrongs<00:16:58.079> uh
better place to fight to fight wrongs uh
better place to fight to fight wrongs uh
to<00:16:58.480> to<00:16:58.600> solve
to to solve
to to solve
problems<00:17:01.000> but<00:17:01.160> as<00:17:01.240> we<00:17:01.360> learned<00:17:01.600> from<00:17:01.720> Samantha
problems but as we learned from Samantha
problems but as we learned from Samantha
power<00:17:03.440> in<00:17:03.600> her<00:17:03.839> in<00:17:03.959> her<00:17:04.679> uh<00:17:04.799> story<00:17:05.240> about
power in her in her uh story about
power in her in her uh story about
Sergio<00:17:06.280> uh<00:17:06.439> Via<00:17:06.839> de<00:17:07.000> de<00:17:07.199> Mayo<00:17:08.199> you<00:17:08.360> can't<00:17:08.520> just
Sergio uh Via de de Mayo you can't just
Sergio uh Via de de Mayo you can't just
go<00:17:08.839> charging<00:17:09.360> in<00:17:10.360> saying<00:17:10.720> you're<00:17:10.959> wrong<00:17:11.120> and
go charging in saying you're wrong and
go charging in saying you're wrong and
I'm<00:17:11.559> right<00:17:12.439> because<00:17:12.679> as<00:17:12.760> we<00:17:12.919> just<00:17:13.039> heard
I'm right because as we just heard
I'm right because as we just heard
everybody<00:17:14.120> thinks<00:17:14.600> they<00:17:14.799> are<00:17:15.160> right<00:17:15.919> a<00:17:16.039> lot<00:17:16.160> of
everybody thinks they are right a lot of
everybody thinks they are right a lot of
the<00:17:16.400> problems<00:17:16.720> we<00:17:16.799> have<00:17:16.919> to<00:17:17.079> solve<00:17:17.679> are
the problems we have to solve are
the problems we have to solve are
problems<00:17:18.160> that<00:17:18.280> require<00:17:18.559> us<00:17:18.640> to<00:17:18.799> change<00:17:19.079> other
problems that require us to change other
problems that require us to change other
people<00:17:20.799> and<00:17:20.880> if<00:17:20.959> you<00:17:21.079> want<00:17:21.160> to<00:17:21.280> change<00:17:21.559> other
people and if you want to change other
people and if you want to change other
people<00:17:22.679> a<00:17:22.799> much<00:17:22.959> better<00:17:23.199> way<00:17:23.319> to<00:17:23.480> do<00:17:23.600> it<00:17:23.919> is<00:17:24.000> to
people a much better way to do it is to
people a much better way to do it is to
First<00:17:24.720> understand<00:17:25.000> who<00:17:25.160> we<00:17:25.280> are<00:17:26.240> understand
First understand who we are understand
First understand who we are understand
our<00:17:26.559> moral<00:17:26.959> psychology<00:17:27.959> understand<00:17:28.240> that<00:17:28.600> we
our moral psychology understand that we
our moral psychology understand that we
all<00:17:28.840> think<00:17:29.039> we're<00:17:29.320> right<00:17:30.320> and<00:17:30.520> then<00:17:31.039> step<00:17:31.320> out
all think we're right and then step out
all think we're right and then step out
even<00:17:31.720> if<00:17:31.799> it's<00:17:32.000> just<00:17:32.080> for<00:17:32.240> a<00:17:32.360> moment<00:17:33.039> step<00:17:33.320> out
even if it's just for a moment step out
even if it's just for a moment step out
check<00:17:33.960> in<00:17:34.120> with
check in with
check in with
senson<00:17:35.799> step<00:17:36.039> out<00:17:36.160> of<00:17:36.240> the<00:17:36.360> moral<00:17:36.640> Matrix<00:17:37.280> just
senson step out of the moral Matrix just
senson step out of the moral Matrix just
try<00:17:37.559> to<00:17:37.720> see<00:17:37.919> it<00:17:38.200> as<00:17:38.400> as<00:17:38.480> a<00:17:38.600> struggle<00:17:38.919> playing
try to see it as as a struggle playing
try to see it as as a struggle playing
out<00:17:39.280> in<00:17:39.400> which<00:17:39.559> everybody<00:17:39.840> does<00:17:40.039> think
out in which everybody does think
out in which everybody does think
they're<00:17:40.360> right<00:17:40.480> and<00:17:40.600> everybody<00:17:40.840> at<00:17:40.919> least<00:17:41.120> has
they're right and everybody at least has
they're right and everybody at least has
some<00:17:41.400> reasons<00:17:41.760> even<00:17:41.919> if<00:17:42.000> you<00:17:42.120> disagree<00:17:42.480> with
some reasons even if you disagree with
some reasons even if you disagree with
them<00:17:42.720> everybody<00:17:43.000> has<00:17:43.120> some<00:17:43.240> reasons<00:17:43.520> for<00:17:43.679> what
them everybody has some reasons for what
them everybody has some reasons for what
they're<00:17:44.200> doing<00:17:45.200> step<00:17:45.440> out<00:17:45.600> and<00:17:45.679> if<00:17:45.760> you<00:17:45.960> do
they're doing step out and if you do
they're doing step out and if you do
that<00:17:47.280> that's<00:17:47.480> the<00:17:47.600> essential<00:17:47.960> move<00:17:48.200> to
that that's the essential move to
that that's the essential move to
cultivate<00:17:48.760> moral<00:17:49.039> humility<00:17:49.640> to<00:17:49.799> get<00:17:49.919> yourself
cultivate moral humility to get yourself
cultivate moral humility to get yourself
out<00:17:50.440> of<00:17:50.559> this<00:17:50.720> self-righteousness<00:17:51.440> which<00:17:51.520> is
out of this self-righteousness which is
out of this self-righteousness which is
the<00:17:51.760> normal<00:17:52.080> human<00:17:52.600> condition<00:17:53.200> think<00:17:53.360> about
the normal human condition think about
the normal human condition think about
the<00:17:53.640> Dal<00:17:53.960> Lama<00:17:54.400> think<00:17:54.559> about<00:17:54.760> the<00:17:54.919> enormous
the Dal Lama think about the enormous
the Dal Lama think about the enormous
moral<00:17:55.799> authority<00:17:56.720> of<00:17:56.840> the<00:17:56.960> Dal<00:17:57.280> Lama<00:17:57.840> and<00:17:57.960> it
moral authority of the Dal Lama and it
moral authority of the Dal Lama and it
comes<00:17:58.559> from<00:17:58.679> his<00:17:58.760> moral
comes from his moral
comes from his moral
humility<00:18:01.960> so<00:18:02.120> I<00:18:02.200> think<00:18:02.400> the<00:18:02.559> point<00:18:03.280> the<00:18:03.400> point
humility so I think the point the point
humility so I think the point the point
of<00:18:03.840> of<00:18:04.000> my<00:18:04.200> talk<00:18:04.679> and<00:18:04.799> I<00:18:04.880> think<00:18:05.039> the<00:18:05.120> point<00:18:05.360> of
of of my talk and I think the point of
of of my talk and I think the point of
the<00:18:05.760> point<00:18:05.960> of<00:18:06.520> Ted<00:18:07.520> is<00:18:07.640> that<00:18:07.799> this<00:18:07.919> is<00:18:08.000> a<00:18:08.120> group
the point of Ted is that this is a group
the point of Ted is that this is a group
that<00:18:08.440> is<00:18:08.679> passionately<00:18:09.200> engaged<00:18:10.200> in<00:18:10.320> the
that is passionately engaged in the
that is passionately engaged in the
pursuit<00:18:10.840> of<00:18:11.000> changing<00:18:11.320> the<00:18:11.400> world<00:18:11.640> for<00:18:11.799> the
pursuit of changing the world for the
pursuit of changing the world for the
better<00:18:12.679> people<00:18:12.960> here<00:18:13.159> are<00:18:13.520> passionately
better people here are passionately
better people here are passionately
engaged<00:18:14.679> in<00:18:14.799> trying<00:18:15.039> to<00:18:15.159> make<00:18:15.280> the<00:18:15.400> world<00:18:15.559> a
engaged in trying to make the world a
engaged in trying to make the world a
better<00:18:16.000> place<00:18:16.679> but<00:18:16.840> there<00:18:16.960> is<00:18:17.240> also<00:18:17.480> a
better place but there is also a
better place but there is also a
passionate<00:18:18.120> commitment<00:18:18.520> to<00:18:18.679> the<00:18:19.080> truth<00:18:20.080> and
passionate commitment to the truth and
passionate commitment to the truth and
so<00:18:20.360> I<00:18:20.480> think<00:18:20.679> the<00:18:20.960> the<00:18:21.120> answer<00:18:21.440> is<00:18:21.960> to<00:18:22.120> use<00:18:22.400> that
so I think the the answer is to use that
so I think the the answer is to use that
passionate<00:18:22.919> commitment<00:18:23.360> for<00:18:23.720> to<00:18:23.880> the<00:18:24.039> truth
passionate commitment for to the truth
passionate commitment for to the truth
uh<00:18:25.000> to<00:18:25.120> try<00:18:25.280> to<00:18:25.400> turn<00:18:25.559> it<00:18:25.760> into<00:18:26.240> a<00:18:26.360> better
uh to try to turn it into a better
uh to try to turn it into a better
future<00:18:26.919> for<00:18:27.120> us<00:18:27.280> all<00:18:27.960> thank<00:18:28.159> you
future for us all thank you
future for us all thank you
[Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause]
[Music]
[Music]
[Music]
[Applause]
m
Jonathan Haidt, TEDEducation, TED-Ed, TED, Ed, morality, moral, moral, philosophy, ethics, politics, politics, and, morals
