How social media can make history - Clay Shirky
[Music]
[Music]
[Music]
[Music]
[Applause]
I<00:00:16.160> want<00:00:16.279> to<00:00:16.520> talk<00:00:16.880> about<00:00:17.600> the<00:00:17.880> transformed
I want to talk about the transformed
I want to talk about the transformed
media<00:00:18.960> landscape<00:00:19.840> and<00:00:20.000> what<00:00:20.119> it<00:00:20.240> means<00:00:20.519> for
media landscape and what it means for
media landscape and what it means for
anybody<00:00:21.519> who<00:00:21.760> has<00:00:21.920> a<00:00:22.160> message<00:00:22.600> that<00:00:22.760> they<00:00:22.880> want
anybody who has a message that they want
anybody who has a message that they want
to<00:00:23.199> get<00:00:23.400> out<00:00:23.760> to<00:00:24.199> anywhere<00:00:24.720> in<00:00:24.840> the<00:00:25.000> world<00:00:25.640> and
to get out to anywhere in the world and
to get out to anywhere in the world and
I<00:00:25.800> want<00:00:25.920> to<00:00:26.080> illustrate<00:00:26.599> that<00:00:26.760> by<00:00:26.920> telling<00:00:27.240> a
I want to illustrate that by telling a
I want to illustrate that by telling a
couple<00:00:27.599> of<00:00:27.800> stories<00:00:28.199> about<00:00:28.519> that
couple of stories about that
couple of stories about that
transformation<00:00:29.400> I'll<00:00:29.519> start<00:00:30.039> here<00:00:31.039> last
transformation I'll start here last
transformation I'll start here last
November<00:00:31.880> there<00:00:32.040> was<00:00:32.160> a<00:00:32.480> presidential
November there was a presidential
November there was a presidential
election<00:00:33.320> you<00:00:33.480> probably<00:00:33.719> read<00:00:34.000> something
election you probably read something
election you probably read something
about<00:00:34.360> it<00:00:34.480> in<00:00:34.559> the<00:00:34.680> papers<00:00:35.680> and<00:00:36.040> there<00:00:36.200> was
about it in the papers and there was
about it in the papers and there was
some<00:00:36.800> concern<00:00:37.719> that<00:00:37.960> in<00:00:38.079> some<00:00:38.320> parts<00:00:38.520> of<00:00:38.600> the
some concern that in some parts of the
some concern that in some parts of the
country<00:00:38.960> there<00:00:39.040> might<00:00:39.200> be<00:00:39.320> voter<00:00:39.719> suppression
country there might be voter suppression
country there might be voter suppression
and<00:00:40.840> so<00:00:41.079> a<00:00:41.200> plan<00:00:41.520> came<00:00:41.680> up<00:00:41.840> to<00:00:42.079> video<00:00:42.520> the<00:00:42.680> vote
and so a plan came up to video the vote
and so a plan came up to video the vote
and<00:00:43.559> the<00:00:43.719> idea<00:00:44.120> was<00:00:44.280> that<00:00:44.440> individual
and the idea was that individual
and the idea was that individual
citizens<00:00:45.520> with<00:00:45.800> with<00:00:46.399> phones<00:00:46.920> capable<00:00:47.239> of
citizens with with phones capable of
citizens with with phones capable of
taking<00:00:47.640> photos<00:00:47.960> or<00:00:48.120> making<00:00:48.399> video<00:00:49.079> would
taking photos or making video would
taking photos or making video would
document<00:00:50.000> their<00:00:50.160> polling<00:00:50.520> places<00:00:50.879> on<00:00:51.079> the
document their polling places on the
document their polling places on the
lookout<00:00:51.600> for<00:00:51.800> any<00:00:52.000> kind<00:00:52.160> of<00:00:52.280> voter
lookout for any kind of voter
lookout for any kind of voter
suppression<00:00:53.039> techniques<00:00:53.640> and<00:00:53.760> would<00:00:54.039> upload
suppression techniques and would upload
suppression techniques and would upload
this<00:00:54.719> to<00:00:54.879> a<00:00:55.039> central<00:00:55.440> place<00:00:55.640> and<00:00:55.719> that<00:00:55.920> this
this to a central place and that this
this to a central place and that this
would<00:00:56.719> operate<00:00:57.079> as<00:00:57.199> a<00:00:57.399> kind<00:00:57.760> of<00:00:58.519> Citizen
would operate as a kind of Citizen
would operate as a kind of Citizen
observation<00:01:00.239> that<00:01:00.359> citizens<00:01:00.840> would<00:01:01.000> not<00:01:01.199> be
observation that citizens would not be
observation that citizens would not be
there<00:01:01.760> just<00:01:02.120> to<00:01:02.399> cast<00:01:02.760> individual<00:01:03.320> votes<00:01:03.879> but
there just to cast individual votes but
there just to cast individual votes but
also<00:01:04.439> to<00:01:04.680> help<00:01:05.000> ensure<00:01:05.439> the<00:01:05.640> sanctity<00:01:06.240> of<00:01:06.479> the
also to help ensure the sanctity of the
also to help ensure the sanctity of the
vote<00:01:07.119> overall<00:01:07.880> right<00:01:08.200> so<00:01:08.400> this<00:01:08.520> is<00:01:08.640> a<00:01:08.880> pattern
vote overall right so this is a pattern
vote overall right so this is a pattern
that<00:01:09.439> assumes<00:01:10.159> We're<00:01:10.360> All<00:01:10.600> in<00:01:10.759> This<00:01:11.080> Together
that assumes We're All in This Together
that assumes We're All in This Together
what<00:01:12.200> matters<00:01:12.840> here<00:01:13.680> isn't<00:01:14.240> technical
what matters here isn't technical
what matters here isn't technical
Capital<00:01:15.799> it's<00:01:16.159> Social<00:01:16.960> Capital<00:01:17.960> these<00:01:18.280> tools
Capital it's Social Capital these tools
Capital it's Social Capital these tools
don't<00:01:19.320> get<00:01:19.720> socially<00:01:20.200> interesting<00:01:20.720> until
don't get socially interesting until
don't get socially interesting until
they<00:01:21.320> get<00:01:21.680> technologically<00:01:22.720> boring<00:01:23.720> it<00:01:24.000> isn't
they get technologically boring it isn't
they get technologically boring it isn't
when<00:01:24.439> the<00:01:24.600> shiny<00:01:25.159> new<00:01:25.600> tools<00:01:26.280> show<00:01:26.640> up<00:01:27.320> that
when the shiny new tools show up that
when the shiny new tools show up that
they're<00:01:27.640> used<00:01:27.920> to<00:01:28.119> start<00:01:28.479> permeating<00:01:29.200> Society
they're used to start permeating Society
they're used to start permeating Society
it's<00:01:30.200> when<00:01:30.520> everybody<00:01:31.079> is<00:01:31.280> able<00:01:31.600> to<00:01:31.840> take<00:01:32.040> them
it's when everybody is able to take them
it's when everybody is able to take them
for<00:01:32.880> granted<00:01:33.880> because<00:01:34.360> now<00:01:34.880> that<00:01:35.079> media<00:01:35.479> is
for granted because now that media is
for granted because now that media is
increasingly<00:01:36.600> social<00:01:37.560> Innovation<00:01:38.320> can
increasingly social Innovation can
increasingly social Innovation can
happen<00:01:39.320> anywhere<00:01:40.320> that<00:01:40.560> people<00:01:40.840> can<00:01:41.159> take<00:01:41.360> for
happen anywhere that people can take for
happen anywhere that people can take for
granted<00:01:42.119> the<00:01:42.360> idea<00:01:42.960> that<00:01:43.079> we're<00:01:43.280> all<00:01:43.439> in<00:01:43.640> this
granted the idea that we're all in this
granted the idea that we're all in this
together<00:01:44.479> and<00:01:44.560> so<00:01:44.719> we're<00:01:45.000> starting<00:01:45.360> to<00:01:45.520> see<00:01:45.680> a
together and so we're starting to see a
together and so we're starting to see a
media<00:01:46.240> landscape<00:01:47.079> in<00:01:47.240> which<00:01:47.479> innovation<00:01:48.360> is
media landscape in which innovation is
media landscape in which innovation is
happening<00:01:49.159> everywhere<00:01:49.960> and<00:01:50.119> moving<00:01:50.600> from<00:01:50.840> one
happening everywhere and moving from one
happening everywhere and moving from one
spot<00:01:51.600> to<00:01:51.880> another<00:01:52.719> that<00:01:52.840> is<00:01:53.000> a<00:01:53.320> huge
spot to another that is a huge
spot to another that is a huge
transformation<00:01:56.039> not<00:01:56.200> to<00:01:56.360> put<00:01:56.520> too<00:01:56.719> fine<00:01:56.960> a
transformation not to put too fine a
transformation not to put too fine a
point<00:01:57.320> on<00:01:57.439> it<00:01:57.680> the<00:01:57.840> moment<00:01:58.159> we're<00:01:58.360> living
point on it the moment we're living
point on it the moment we're living
through<00:01:58.880> the<00:01:59.000> moment<00:01:59.240> our<00:01:59.479> histor<00:01:59.880> iCal
through the moment our histor iCal
through the moment our histor iCal
generation<00:02:00.640> is<00:02:00.799> living<00:02:01.119> through<00:02:01.880> is<00:02:02.119> the
generation is living through is the
generation is living through is the
largest<00:02:03.240> increase<00:02:03.799> in<00:02:04.079> expressive
largest increase in expressive
largest increase in expressive
capability<00:02:05.920> in<00:02:06.159> human<00:02:06.880> history<00:02:07.880> and<00:02:08.000> that's<00:02:08.119> a
capability in human history and that's a
capability in human history and that's a
big<00:02:08.440> claim<00:02:08.879> I'm<00:02:08.959> going<00:02:09.080> to<00:02:09.160> try<00:02:09.319> and<00:02:09.520> back<00:02:09.679> it
big claim I'm going to try and back it
big claim I'm going to try and back it
up<00:02:10.679> there<00:02:10.800> are<00:02:11.120> only<00:02:11.680> four<00:02:12.480> periods<00:02:13.000> in<00:02:13.120> the
up there are only four periods in the
up there are only four periods in the
last<00:02:13.520> 500<00:02:13.920> years<00:02:14.120> where<00:02:14.239> media<00:02:14.560> has<00:02:14.760> changed
last 500 years where media has changed
last 500 years where media has changed
enough<00:02:15.440> to<00:02:15.640> qualify<00:02:16.120> for<00:02:16.239> the<00:02:16.319> label
enough to qualify for the label
enough to qualify for the label
Revolution<00:02:17.720> the<00:02:17.840> first<00:02:18.040> one<00:02:18.200> is<00:02:18.360> the<00:02:18.480> famous
Revolution the first one is the famous
Revolution the first one is the famous
One<00:02:19.200> the<00:02:19.319> printing<00:02:19.680> press<00:02:20.040> movable<00:02:20.440> type
One the printing press movable type
One the printing press movable type
oilbased<00:02:21.160> inks<00:02:21.560> that<00:02:21.760> whole<00:02:22.120> complex<00:02:22.519> of
oilbased inks that whole complex of
oilbased inks that whole complex of
innovations<00:02:23.360> that<00:02:23.519> made<00:02:23.879> printing<00:02:24.400> possible
innovations that made printing possible
innovations that made printing possible
and<00:02:25.080> turned<00:02:25.440> Europe<00:02:25.760> upside<00:02:26.160> down<00:02:26.360> starting
and turned Europe upside down starting
and turned Europe upside down starting
in<00:02:26.800> the<00:02:26.879> middle<00:02:27.120> of<00:02:27.200> the<00:02:27.599> 1400s<00:02:28.599> then<00:02:28.800> a<00:02:28.879> couple
in the middle of the 1400s then a couple
in the middle of the 1400s then a couple
of<00:02:29.239> hundred<00:02:29.440> years<00:02:29.599> ago<00:02:30.319> there<00:02:30.400> was
of hundred years ago there was
of hundred years ago there was
innovation<00:02:31.200> in<00:02:31.360> two-way<00:02:31.840> communication
innovation in two-way communication
innovation in two-way communication
conversational<00:02:33.200> media<00:02:33.560> first<00:02:33.760> the<00:02:33.920> telegraph
conversational media first the telegraph
conversational media first the telegraph
then<00:02:34.760> the<00:02:34.920> telephone<00:02:35.800> slow<00:02:36.360> text<00:02:36.680> based
then the telephone slow text based
then the telephone slow text based
conversations<00:02:37.680> then<00:02:37.879> realtime<00:02:38.440> voice-based
conversations then realtime voice-based
conversations then realtime voice-based
conversations<00:02:40.000> then<00:02:40.159> about<00:02:40.440> 150<00:02:41.159> years<00:02:41.440> ago
conversations then about 150 years ago
conversations then about 150 years ago
there's<00:02:42.400> a<00:02:42.480> revolution<00:02:42.879> in<00:02:43.080> recorded<00:02:43.519> media
there's a revolution in recorded media
there's a revolution in recorded media
other<00:02:44.280> than<00:02:44.560> print<00:02:44.879> first<00:02:45.480> photos<00:02:46.480> then
other than print first photos then
other than print first photos then
recorded<00:02:47.400> sound<00:02:48.159> then<00:02:48.319> movies<00:02:48.840> all<00:02:49.080> encoded
recorded sound then movies all encoded
recorded sound then movies all encoded
into<00:02:49.840> physical<00:02:50.280> objects<00:02:51.000> and<00:02:51.120> finally<00:02:51.400> about
into physical objects and finally about
into physical objects and finally about
a<00:02:51.720> 100<00:02:51.959> years<00:02:52.200> ago<00:02:52.640> the<00:02:52.800> harnessing<00:02:53.239> of
a 100 years ago the harnessing of
a 100 years ago the harnessing of
electromagnetic<00:02:54.239> spectrum<00:02:54.800> to<00:02:54.959> send<00:02:55.319> sound
electromagnetic spectrum to send sound
electromagnetic spectrum to send sound
and<00:02:55.720> images<00:02:56.080> through<00:02:56.239> the<00:02:56.360> air<00:02:56.920> radio<00:02:57.239> and
and images through the air radio and
and images through the air radio and
television<00:02:58.840> this<00:02:58.959> is<00:02:59.120> the<00:02:59.280> media<00:02:59.599> land
television this is the media land
television this is the media land
landscape<00:03:00.480> as<00:03:00.680> we<00:03:00.840> knew<00:03:01.080> it<00:03:01.440> in<00:03:01.560> the<00:03:01.680> 20th
landscape as we knew it in the 20th
landscape as we knew it in the 20th
century<00:03:02.640> this<00:03:02.800> is<00:03:03.120> what<00:03:03.560> those<00:03:03.720> of<00:03:03.879> us<00:03:04.000> of<00:03:04.120> a
century this is what those of us of a
century this is what those of us of a
certain<00:03:04.560> age<00:03:05.120> grew<00:03:05.440> up<00:03:05.760> with<00:03:06.000> and<00:03:06.159> are<00:03:06.319> used<00:03:07.080> to
certain age grew up with and are used to
certain age grew up with and are used to
but<00:03:08.200> there's<00:03:08.319> a<00:03:08.480> curious<00:03:08.840> asymmetry<00:03:09.519> here<00:03:10.360> the
but there's a curious asymmetry here the
but there's a curious asymmetry here the
media<00:03:10.879> that's<00:03:11.159> good<00:03:11.319> at<00:03:11.480> creating
media that's good at creating
media that's good at creating
conversations<00:03:12.959> is<00:03:13.200> no<00:03:13.480> good<00:03:13.640> at<00:03:13.799> creating
conversations is no good at creating
conversations is no good at creating
groups<00:03:15.159> and<00:03:15.280> the<00:03:15.360> media<00:03:15.680> that's<00:03:15.920> good<00:03:16.040> at
groups and the media that's good at
groups and the media that's good at
creating<00:03:16.599> groups<00:03:17.319> is<00:03:17.480> no<00:03:17.760> good<00:03:17.920> at<00:03:18.040> creating
creating groups is no good at creating
creating groups is no good at creating
conversations<00:03:19.680> if<00:03:19.760> you<00:03:19.920> want<00:03:20.040> to<00:03:20.239> have<00:03:20.360> a
conversations if you want to have a
conversations if you want to have a
conversation<00:03:21.360> in<00:03:21.519> this<00:03:21.680> world<00:03:21.959> you<00:03:22.080> have<00:03:22.200> it
conversation in this world you have it
conversation in this world you have it
with<00:03:22.480> one<00:03:22.640> other<00:03:22.920> person<00:03:23.519> if<00:03:23.599> you<00:03:23.799> want<00:03:23.920> to
with one other person if you want to
with one other person if you want to
address<00:03:24.360> a<00:03:24.560> group<00:03:24.879> you<00:03:25.040> get<00:03:25.239> the<00:03:25.440> same<00:03:25.799> message
address a group you get the same message
address a group you get the same message
and<00:03:26.400> you<00:03:26.519> give<00:03:26.680> it<00:03:26.799> to<00:03:27.040> everybody<00:03:27.440> in<00:03:27.560> the
and you give it to everybody in the
and you give it to everybody in the
group<00:03:28.239> whether<00:03:28.439> you're<00:03:28.560> doing<00:03:28.799> that<00:03:28.959> with<00:03:29.080> a<00:03:29.319> a
group whether you're doing that with a a
group whether you're doing that with a a
broad<00:03:30.000> casting<00:03:30.319> Tower<00:03:30.799> or<00:03:30.959> a<00:03:31.120> printing<00:03:31.560> press
broad casting Tower or a printing press
broad casting Tower or a printing press
that<00:03:32.519> was<00:03:32.640> the<00:03:32.760> media<00:03:33.120> landscape<00:03:33.920> as<00:03:34.040> we<00:03:34.200> had
that was the media landscape as we had
that was the media landscape as we had
it<00:03:34.400> in<00:03:34.480> the<00:03:34.599> 20th<00:03:35.159> century<00:03:36.159> and<00:03:36.319> this<00:03:36.439> is<00:03:36.599> what
it in the 20th century and this is what
it in the 20th century and this is what
changed<00:03:37.640> this<00:03:38.239> thing<00:03:38.400> that<00:03:38.519> looks<00:03:38.720> like<00:03:38.840> a
changed this thing that looks like a
changed this thing that looks like a
peacock<00:03:39.400> hit<00:03:39.560> a<00:03:39.640> windscreen<00:03:40.080> is<00:03:40.239> Bill
peacock hit a windscreen is Bill
peacock hit a windscreen is Bill
cheswick's<00:03:40.959> map<00:03:41.159> of<00:03:41.280> the<00:03:41.400> internet<00:03:42.080> he<00:03:42.239> traces
cheswick's map of the internet he traces
cheswick's map of the internet he traces
the<00:03:42.760> edges<00:03:43.040> of<00:03:43.159> the<00:03:43.280> individual<00:03:43.680> networks<00:03:44.080> and
the edges of the individual networks and
the edges of the individual networks and
then<00:03:44.360> color<00:03:44.680> codes<00:03:45.080> them<00:03:45.959> the<00:03:46.080> internet<00:03:46.400> is
then color codes them the internet is
then color codes them the internet is
the<00:03:46.760> first<00:03:47.080> medium<00:03:47.439> in<00:03:47.599> history<00:03:47.920> that<00:03:48.040> has
the first medium in history that has
the first medium in history that has
native<00:03:49.200> support<00:03:49.879> for<00:03:50.239> groups<00:03:50.920> and
native support for groups and
native support for groups and
conversation<00:03:52.280> at<00:03:52.480> the<00:03:52.640> same<00:03:53.040> time<00:03:53.799> whereas
conversation at the same time whereas
conversation at the same time whereas
the<00:03:54.200> phone<00:03:54.560> gave<00:03:54.760> us<00:03:54.879> the<00:03:55.000> one<00:03:55.200> to<00:03:55.360> one<00:03:55.640> pattern
the phone gave us the one to one pattern
the phone gave us the one to one pattern
and<00:03:56.480> television<00:03:57.040> radio<00:03:57.480> magazines<00:03:58.000> books
and television radio magazines books
and television radio magazines books
gave<00:03:58.400> us<00:03:58.519> the<00:03:58.640> one<00:03:58.760> to<00:03:58.920> many<00:03:59.200> patterns<00:04:00.159> the
gave us the one to many patterns the
gave us the one to many patterns the
internet<00:04:00.720> gives<00:04:00.920> us<00:04:01.079> the<00:04:01.200> many<00:04:01.480> to<00:04:01.640> many
internet gives us the many to many
internet gives us the many to many
pattern<00:04:02.760> Right<00:04:03.120> For<00:04:03.480> the<00:04:03.760> First<00:04:04.200> Time<00:04:04.799> media
pattern Right For the First Time media
pattern Right For the First Time media
is<00:04:05.400> natively<00:04:06.000> good<00:04:06.159> at<00:04:06.360> supporting<00:04:07.000> these
is natively good at supporting these
is natively good at supporting these
kinds<00:04:07.439> of<00:04:07.879> conversations<00:04:08.879> that's<00:04:09.159> one<00:04:09.360> of<00:04:09.519> the
kinds of conversations that's one of the
kinds of conversations that's one of the
big<00:04:09.959> changes<00:04:10.959> the<00:04:11.120> second<00:04:11.480> big<00:04:11.680> change<00:04:12.239> right
big changes the second big change right
big changes the second big change right
is<00:04:12.560> that<00:04:12.720> as<00:04:12.959> all<00:04:13.319> media<00:04:13.720> gets<00:04:14.159> digitized<00:04:15.159> the
is that as all media gets digitized the
is that as all media gets digitized the
internet<00:04:15.879> also<00:04:16.199> becomes<00:04:16.600> the<00:04:16.720> mode<00:04:17.000> of
internet also becomes the mode of
internet also becomes the mode of
carriage<00:04:18.320> for<00:04:18.799> all<00:04:19.400> other<00:04:19.919> media<00:04:20.479> meaning
carriage for all other media meaning
carriage for all other media meaning
that<00:04:20.919> phone<00:04:21.239> calls<00:04:21.519> migrate<00:04:21.880> to<00:04:21.959> the<00:04:22.079> internet
that phone calls migrate to the internet
that phone calls migrate to the internet
magazines<00:04:22.960> migrate<00:04:23.280> to<00:04:23.360> the<00:04:23.440> internet<00:04:23.759> movies
magazines migrate to the internet movies
magazines migrate to the internet movies
migrate<00:04:24.479> to<00:04:24.600> the<00:04:24.720> internet<00:04:25.479> and<00:04:25.759> that<00:04:25.960> means
migrate to the internet and that means
migrate to the internet and that means
that<00:04:26.960> every<00:04:27.320> medium<00:04:27.880> is<00:04:28.199> right<00:04:28.600> next<00:04:29.120> door<00:04:29.800> to
that every medium is right next door to
that every medium is right next door to
every<00:04:30.840> other<00:04:31.199> medium<00:04:32.360> right<00:04:33.360> put<00:04:33.639> another<00:04:34.120> way
every other medium right put another way
every other medium right put another way
media<00:04:35.199> is<00:04:35.440> increasingly<00:04:36.199> less<00:04:36.680> just<00:04:37.000> a<00:04:37.160> source
media is increasingly less just a source
media is increasingly less just a source
of<00:04:37.600> information<00:04:38.160> as<00:04:38.440> increasingly<00:04:39.000> more<00:04:39.280> a
of information as increasingly more a
of information as increasingly more a
site<00:04:39.759> of<00:04:40.400> coordination<00:04:41.400> because<00:04:41.720> groups<00:04:42.160> that
site of coordination because groups that
site of coordination because groups that
see<00:04:42.919> or<00:04:43.240> hear<00:04:43.560> or<00:04:43.800> watch<00:04:44.000> or<00:04:44.199> listen<00:04:44.440> to
see or hear or watch or listen to
see or hear or watch or listen to
something<00:04:44.919> can<00:04:45.080> now<00:04:45.400> gather<00:04:45.759> around<00:04:46.000> and<00:04:46.199> talk
something can now gather around and talk
something can now gather around and talk
to<00:04:46.639> each<00:04:46.800> other<00:04:47.120> as<00:04:47.320> well<00:04:48.120> right<00:04:48.759> and<00:04:48.919> the
to each other as well right and the
to each other as well right and the
third<00:04:49.520> big<00:04:49.759> change<00:04:50.680> right<00:04:50.919> is<00:04:51.039> that<00:04:51.199> members
third big change right is that members
third big change right is that members
of<00:04:51.600> the<00:04:51.759> former<00:04:52.160> audience<00:04:52.560> as<00:04:52.720> Dan<00:04:52.919> Gilmore
of the former audience as Dan Gilmore
of the former audience as Dan Gilmore
calls<00:04:53.520> them<00:04:53.800> can<00:04:54.000> now<00:04:54.400> also<00:04:54.800> be<00:04:55.280> producers<00:04:56.280> and
calls them can now also be producers and
calls them can now also be producers and
not<00:04:56.840> consumers<00:04:57.720> every<00:04:58.160> time<00:04:58.479> a<00:04:58.639> new<00:04:59.000> consumer
not consumers every time a new consumer
not consumers every time a new consumer
joins<00:05:00.360> this<00:05:00.520> media<00:05:00.880> landscape<00:05:01.560> a<00:05:01.720> new
joins this media landscape a new
joins this media landscape a new
producer<00:05:02.520> joins<00:05:02.960> as<00:05:03.120> well<00:05:03.360> because<00:05:03.680> the<00:05:03.880> same
producer joins as well because the same
producer joins as well because the same
equipment<00:05:05.639> phones<00:05:06.360> computers<00:05:07.160> let<00:05:07.440> you
equipment phones computers let you
equipment phones computers let you
consume<00:05:08.240> and<00:05:08.440> produce<00:05:08.880> it's<00:05:09.039> as<00:05:09.160> if<00:05:09.360> when<00:05:09.479> you
consume and produce it's as if when you
consume and produce it's as if when you
bought<00:05:09.800> a<00:05:09.960> book<00:05:10.240> they<00:05:10.360> threw<00:05:10.560> in<00:05:10.680> the<00:05:10.759> printing
bought a book they threw in the printing
bought a book they threw in the printing
press<00:05:11.360> for<00:05:11.520> free<00:05:12.120> it's<00:05:12.320> like<00:05:12.440> you<00:05:12.600> had<00:05:12.720> a<00:05:12.840> phone
press for free it's like you had a phone
press for free it's like you had a phone
that<00:05:13.280> could<00:05:13.440> turn<00:05:13.680> into<00:05:13.880> a<00:05:14.039> radio<00:05:14.479> if<00:05:14.600> you
that could turn into a radio if you
that could turn into a radio if you
pressed<00:05:15.080> the<00:05:15.199> right<00:05:15.400> buttons<00:05:16.280> right<00:05:16.639> that<00:05:16.759> is
pressed the right buttons right that is
pressed the right buttons right that is
a<00:05:17.400> huge<00:05:18.639> change<00:05:19.639> in<00:05:19.919> the<00:05:20.039> media<00:05:20.360> landscape
a huge change in the media landscape
a huge change in the media landscape
we're<00:05:20.960> used<00:05:21.160> to<00:05:21.360> and<00:05:21.520> it's<00:05:21.759> not<00:05:22.160> just<00:05:22.800> internet
we're used to and it's not just internet
we're used to and it's not just internet
or<00:05:23.360> no<00:05:23.759> internet<00:05:24.479> right<00:05:24.840> we've<00:05:25.039> had<00:05:25.160> the
or no internet right we've had the
or no internet right we've had the
internet<00:05:25.600> in<00:05:25.759> its<00:05:26.000> public<00:05:26.240> form<00:05:26.560> for<00:05:26.800> almost
internet in its public form for almost
internet in its public form for almost
20<00:05:27.600> years<00:05:27.960> now<00:05:28.639> and<00:05:28.800> it's<00:05:29.080> still<00:05:29.800> changing<00:05:30.479> as
20 years now and it's still changing as
20 years now and it's still changing as
the<00:05:30.759> media<00:05:31.120> becomes<00:05:31.600> more<00:05:32.000> social<00:05:32.639> it's<00:05:32.880> still
the media becomes more social it's still
the media becomes more social it's still
changing<00:05:33.639> patterns<00:05:34.400> even<00:05:34.680> among<00:05:34.960> groups<00:05:35.319> who
changing patterns even among groups who
changing patterns even among groups who
know<00:05:35.680> how<00:05:35.759> to<00:05:35.960> deal<00:05:36.160> with<00:05:36.280> the<00:05:36.400> internet<00:05:37.000> well
know how to deal with the internet well
know how to deal with the internet well
second<00:05:38.440> story<00:05:39.440> last<00:05:39.759> May<00:05:40.560> China<00:05:40.880> and<00:05:41.000> the
second story last May China and the
second story last May China and the
sichan<00:05:41.520> province<00:05:41.840> had<00:05:41.960> a<00:05:42.080> terrible
sichan province had a terrible
sichan province had a terrible
earthquake<00:05:42.840> 7.9<00:05:43.600> magnitude<00:05:44.280> massive
earthquake 7.9 magnitude massive
earthquake 7.9 magnitude massive
destruction<00:05:45.080> in<00:05:45.240> a<00:05:45.400> wide<00:05:45.759> area<00:05:46.039> as<00:05:46.160> the<00:05:46.240> RoR
destruction in a wide area as the RoR
destruction in a wide area as the RoR
scale<00:05:46.919> has<00:05:47.160> it<00:05:48.160> and<00:05:48.919> the<00:05:49.120> earthquake<00:05:49.960> was
scale has it and the earthquake was
scale has it and the earthquake was
reported<00:05:51.759> as<00:05:52.160> it<00:05:52.560> was<00:05:53.080> happening<00:05:53.880> right
reported as it was happening right
reported as it was happening right
people<00:05:54.520> were<00:05:54.759> texting<00:05:55.199> from<00:05:55.360> their<00:05:55.600> phones
people were texting from their phones
people were texting from their phones
they<00:05:56.280> were<00:05:56.479> taking<00:05:56.880> photos<00:05:57.199> of<00:05:57.400> buildings
they were taking photos of buildings
they were taking photos of buildings
they<00:05:58.039> were<00:05:58.199> taking<00:05:58.600> videos<00:05:58.960> of<00:05:59.120> building
they were taking videos of building
they were taking videos of building
shaking<00:06:00.560> they<00:06:00.680> were<00:06:00.880> uploading<00:06:01.280> it<00:06:01.400> to<00:06:01.600> QQ
shaking they were uploading it to QQ
shaking they were uploading it to QQ
China's<00:06:02.600> largest<00:06:02.880> internet<00:06:03.199> service<00:06:03.520> they
China's largest internet service they
China's largest internet service they
were<00:06:03.840> twittering<00:06:04.360> it<00:06:05.160> right<00:06:05.840> and<00:06:06.039> so<00:06:06.599> as<00:06:07.039> the
were twittering it right and so as the
were twittering it right and so as the
Quake<00:06:07.599> was<00:06:07.800> happening<00:06:08.160> the<00:06:08.319> news<00:06:08.919> was
Quake was happening the news was
Quake was happening the news was
reported<00:06:10.199> and<00:06:10.360> because<00:06:10.599> of<00:06:10.759> the<00:06:11.039> social
reported and because of the social
reported and because of the social
connections<00:06:12.199> right<00:06:12.560> Chinese<00:06:13.000> students
connections right Chinese students
connections right Chinese students
coming<00:06:14.039> coming<00:06:14.280> elsewhere<00:06:14.680> and<00:06:14.800> going<00:06:15.000> to
coming coming elsewhere and going to
coming coming elsewhere and going to
school<00:06:15.639> or<00:06:16.199> businesses<00:06:16.639> in<00:06:16.759> the<00:06:16.880> rest<00:06:17.039> of<00:06:17.120> the
school or businesses in the rest of the
school or businesses in the rest of the
World<00:06:17.520> opening<00:06:18.039> offices<00:06:18.440> in<00:06:18.639> China<00:06:19.479> right
World opening offices in China right
World opening offices in China right
there<00:06:20.039> were<00:06:20.400> people<00:06:20.840> listening<00:06:21.520> all<00:06:21.759> over<00:06:22.039> the
there were people listening all over the
there were people listening all over the
world<00:06:22.440> hearing<00:06:22.880> this<00:06:23.039> news<00:06:23.360> the
world hearing this news the
world hearing this news the
BBC<00:06:25.199> got<00:06:25.440> their<00:06:25.759> first<00:06:26.199> wind<00:06:26.680> of<00:06:26.800> the<00:06:26.919> Chinese
BBC got their first wind of the Chinese
BBC got their first wind of the Chinese
Quake<00:06:27.720> from<00:06:28.080> Twitter<00:06:28.880> Twitter<00:06:29.280> an<00:06:29.599> announced
Quake from Twitter Twitter an announced
Quake from Twitter Twitter an announced
to<00:06:30.039> the<00:06:30.199> existence<00:06:30.560> of<00:06:30.639> the<00:06:30.800> Quake<00:06:31.160> several
to the existence of the Quake several
to the existence of the Quake several
minutes<00:06:31.880> before<00:06:32.199> the<00:06:32.319> US<00:06:32.639> Geological<00:06:33.240> Survey
minutes before the US Geological Survey
minutes before the US Geological Survey
had<00:06:34.120> anything<00:06:34.440> up<00:06:34.639> online<00:06:35.039> for<00:06:35.240> anybody<00:06:35.560> to
had anything up online for anybody to
had anything up online for anybody to
view<00:06:37.360> the<00:06:37.639> last<00:06:37.880> time<00:06:38.120> China<00:06:38.479> had<00:06:38.599> a<00:06:38.759> quake<00:06:39.039> of
view the last time China had a quake of
view the last time China had a quake of
that<00:06:39.400> magnitude<00:06:40.319> it<00:06:40.440> took<00:06:40.639> them<00:06:41.000> three<00:06:41.440> months
that magnitude it took them three months
that magnitude it took them three months
to<00:06:42.520> admit<00:06:43.080> that<00:06:43.319> it<00:06:43.560> had
to admit that it had
to admit that it had
happened<00:06:46.440> now<00:06:46.639> they<00:06:46.840> might<00:06:47.080> have<00:06:47.240> liked<00:06:47.479> to
happened now they might have liked to
happened now they might have liked to
have<00:06:47.759> done<00:06:48.000> that<00:06:48.280> here<00:06:48.840> rather<00:06:49.080> than<00:06:49.199> seeing
have done that here rather than seeing
have done that here rather than seeing
these<00:06:49.759> pictures<00:06:50.120> go<00:06:50.280> up<00:06:50.639> online<00:06:51.639> but<00:06:51.840> they
these pictures go up online but they
these pictures go up online but they
weren't<00:06:52.479> given<00:06:52.960> that<00:06:53.240> choice<00:06:54.160> because<00:06:54.400> their
weren't given that choice because their
weren't given that choice because their
own<00:06:55.120> citizens<00:06:56.039> beat<00:06:56.319> them<00:06:56.479> to<00:06:56.639> the<00:06:56.800> punch<00:06:57.680> even
own citizens beat them to the punch even
own citizens beat them to the punch even
the<00:06:58.199> government<00:06:58.879> learned<00:06:59.759> of<00:07:00.000> the<00:07:00.120> earthquake
the government learned of the earthquake
the government learned of the earthquake
from<00:07:00.759> their<00:07:00.879> own<00:07:01.160> citizens<00:07:02.000> rather<00:07:02.280> than<00:07:02.440> from
from their own citizens rather than from
from their own citizens rather than from
the<00:07:02.639> shinan<00:07:03.120> news<00:07:03.360> agency<00:07:04.160> and<00:07:04.319> this<00:07:04.520> stuff
the shinan news agency and this stuff
the shinan news agency and this stuff
rippled<00:07:05.759> like<00:07:06.039> wildfire<00:07:06.919> for<00:07:07.080> a<00:07:07.240> while<00:07:07.680> there
rippled like wildfire for a while there
rippled like wildfire for a while there
the<00:07:08.800> top<00:07:09.120> 10<00:07:09.479> most<00:07:09.800> clicked<00:07:10.120> links<00:07:10.360> on<00:07:10.560> Twitter
the top 10 most clicked links on Twitter
the top 10 most clicked links on Twitter
the<00:07:11.039> global<00:07:11.280> short<00:07:11.560> messaging<00:07:11.960> service<00:07:12.400> nine
the global short messaging service nine
the global short messaging service nine
of<00:07:12.919> the<00:07:13.120> top<00:07:13.360> 10<00:07:13.599> links<00:07:14.240> were<00:07:14.479> about<00:07:14.759> the<00:07:14.960> Quake
of the top 10 links were about the Quake
of the top 10 links were about the Quake
people<00:07:16.000> collating<00:07:16.720> information<00:07:17.560> pointing
people collating information pointing
people collating information pointing
people<00:07:18.120> to<00:07:18.280> news<00:07:18.560> sources<00:07:18.960> pointing<00:07:19.280> people
people to news sources pointing people
people to news sources pointing people
to<00:07:19.560> the<00:07:19.680> US<00:07:19.879> Geological<00:07:20.479> Survey<00:07:21.479> the<00:07:21.759> 10th<00:07:22.120> one
to the US Geological Survey the 10th one
to the US Geological Survey the 10th one
was<00:07:23.039> kittens<00:07:23.319> on<00:07:23.440> a<00:07:23.599> treadmill<00:07:24.120> but<00:07:24.240> you<00:07:24.319> know
was kittens on a treadmill but you know
was kittens on a treadmill but you know
that's<00:07:24.639> the<00:07:24.759> internet<00:07:25.080> for<00:07:25.280> you<00:07:25.840> but<00:07:26.400> nine<00:07:26.840> of
that's the internet for you but nine of
that's the internet for you but nine of
the<00:07:27.319> 10<00:07:28.319> in<00:07:28.800> those<00:07:29.080> first<00:07:29.599> hours<00:07:30.039> and<00:07:30.400> within
the 10 in those first hours and within
the 10 in those first hours and within
half<00:07:31.440> a<00:07:31.720> day<00:07:32.639> donation<00:07:33.319> sites<00:07:33.680> were<00:07:33.960> up<00:07:34.280> and
half a day donation sites were up and
half a day donation sites were up and
donations<00:07:34.960> were<00:07:35.319> pouring<00:07:35.879> in<00:07:36.440> from<00:07:36.680> all
donations were pouring in from all
donations were pouring in from all
around<00:07:37.160> the<00:07:37.240> world<00:07:37.599> this<00:07:37.680> was<00:07:37.840> an<00:07:38.360> incredible
around the world this was an incredible
around the world this was an incredible
coordinated<00:07:40.560> Global<00:07:41.000> Response<00:07:41.319> and<00:07:41.479> the
coordinated Global Response and the
coordinated Global Response and the
Chinese<00:07:42.080> then<00:07:42.199> in<00:07:42.319> one<00:07:42.440> of<00:07:42.520> their<00:07:42.680> periods<00:07:43.000> of
Chinese then in one of their periods of
Chinese then in one of their periods of
media<00:07:43.440> openness<00:07:44.159> decided<00:07:44.560> that<00:07:44.680> they<00:07:44.759> were
media openness decided that they were
media openness decided that they were
going<00:07:45.039> to<00:07:45.159> let<00:07:45.319> it<00:07:45.560> go<00:07:45.840> that<00:07:45.960> they<00:07:46.080> were<00:07:46.240> going
going to let it go that they were going
going to let it go that they were going
to<00:07:46.520> let<00:07:46.840> this<00:07:47.479> this<00:07:47.639> citizen<00:07:48.080> reporting
to let this this citizen reporting
to let this this citizen reporting
flower<00:07:50.120> and<00:07:50.240> then<00:07:50.440> this
flower and then this
flower and then this
happened<00:07:52.240> people<00:07:52.560> began<00:07:52.800> to<00:07:52.960> figure<00:07:53.199> out<00:07:53.360> in
happened people began to figure out in
happened people began to figure out in
the<00:07:53.639> Sichuan<00:07:54.159> province<00:07:54.560> that<00:07:54.720> the<00:07:54.960> reason<00:07:55.440> so
the Sichuan province that the reason so
the Sichuan province that the reason so
many<00:07:56.000> school<00:07:56.400> buildings<00:07:56.919> had<00:07:57.199> collapsed
many school buildings had collapsed
many school buildings had collapsed
because<00:07:58.360> tragically<00:07:58.840> the<00:07:58.960> earthquake
because tragically the earthquake
because tragically the earthquake
happened<00:08:00.000> during<00:08:00.319> a<00:08:00.520> school<00:08:00.919> day<00:08:01.919> the<00:08:02.080> reason
happened during a school day the reason
happened during a school day the reason
so<00:08:02.560> many<00:08:02.759> school<00:08:03.000> buildings<00:08:03.360> collapsed<00:08:03.759> is
so many school buildings collapsed is
so many school buildings collapsed is
that<00:08:04.039> corrupt<00:08:04.479> officials<00:08:04.919> had<00:08:05.120> taken<00:08:05.479> bribes
that corrupt officials had taken bribes
that corrupt officials had taken bribes
to<00:08:06.199> allow<00:08:06.560> those<00:08:06.759> buildings<00:08:07.360> to<00:08:07.520> be<00:08:07.639> built<00:08:07.919> to
to allow those buildings to be built to
to allow those buildings to be built to
less<00:08:08.639> than<00:08:09.080> code<00:08:10.080> and<00:08:10.199> so<00:08:10.400> they<00:08:10.639> started<00:08:11.039> the
less than code and so they started the
less than code and so they started the
citizen<00:08:11.560> journalist<00:08:12.120> started<00:08:12.639> reporting
citizen journalist started reporting
citizen journalist started reporting
that<00:08:13.680> as<00:08:13.840> well<00:08:14.319> and<00:08:14.440> there<00:08:14.520> was<00:08:14.639> an<00:08:14.800> incredible
that as well and there was an incredible
that as well and there was an incredible
picture<00:08:15.639> you<00:08:15.720> may<00:08:15.840> have<00:08:15.919> seen<00:08:16.080> it<00:08:16.159> on<00:08:16.240> the
picture you may have seen it on the
picture you may have seen it on the
front<00:08:16.520> page<00:08:16.680> of<00:08:16.759> the<00:08:16.840> New<00:08:16.960> York<00:08:17.159> Times<00:08:17.720> a<00:08:17.960> local
front page of the New York Times a local
front page of the New York Times a local
official<00:08:18.919> literally<00:08:19.560> prostrating<00:08:20.120> himself
official literally prostrating himself
official literally prostrating himself
in<00:08:20.599> the<00:08:20.879> street<00:08:21.800> in<00:08:21.919> front<00:08:22.159> of<00:08:22.360> these
in the street in front of these
in the street in front of these
protesters<00:08:23.479> in<00:08:23.680> order<00:08:24.000> to<00:08:24.280> get<00:08:24.479> them<00:08:25.039> to<00:08:25.479> go
protesters in order to get them to go
protesters in order to get them to go
away<00:08:26.360> essentially<00:08:26.800> to<00:08:26.960> say<00:08:27.479> we<00:08:27.599> will<00:08:27.759> do
away essentially to say we will do
away essentially to say we will do
anything<00:08:28.240> to<00:08:28.400> Plate<00:08:28.800> you<00:08:28.960> just<00:08:29.120> please<00:08:29.720> stop
anything to Plate you just please stop
anything to Plate you just please stop
protesting<00:08:30.520> in<00:08:31.200> public<00:08:32.200> but<00:08:32.360> these<00:08:32.479> are
protesting in public but these are
protesting in public but these are
people<00:08:32.880> who<00:08:33.000> have<00:08:33.120> been<00:08:33.320> radicalized<00:08:34.039> because
people who have been radicalized because
people who have been radicalized because
thanks<00:08:34.479> to<00:08:34.640> the<00:08:34.760> one<00:08:35.000> child<00:08:35.440> policy<00:08:36.159> they<00:08:36.320> have
thanks to the one child policy they have
thanks to the one child policy they have
lost<00:08:36.880> everyone<00:08:37.240> in<00:08:37.399> their<00:08:37.599> next<00:08:37.800> Generation
lost everyone in their next Generation
lost everyone in their next Generation
someone<00:08:38.479> who's<00:08:38.640> seen<00:08:38.839> the<00:08:38.959> death<00:08:39.120> of<00:08:39.240> a<00:08:39.360> single
someone who's seen the death of a single
someone who's seen the death of a single
child<00:08:40.519> right<00:08:40.800> now<00:08:41.000> has<00:08:41.360> nothing<00:08:41.719> to<00:08:41.959> lose<00:08:42.880> and
child right now has nothing to lose and
child right now has nothing to lose and
so<00:08:43.159> the<00:08:43.279> protest<00:08:43.719> kept<00:08:43.919> going<00:08:44.200> and
so the protest kept going and
so the protest kept going and
finally<00:08:46.279> the<00:08:46.399> Chinese<00:08:46.800> cracked<00:08:47.160> down<00:08:48.160> that
finally the Chinese cracked down that
finally the Chinese cracked down that
was<00:08:48.440> enough<00:08:48.640> of<00:08:48.800> Citizen<00:08:49.279> media<00:08:50.279> and<00:08:50.399> so<00:08:50.839> they
was enough of Citizen media and so they
was enough of Citizen media and so they
began<00:08:51.200> to<00:08:51.519> arrest<00:08:51.800> the<00:08:51.920> protesters<00:08:52.399> they
began to arrest the protesters they
began to arrest the protesters they
began<00:08:52.680> to<00:08:52.839> shut<00:08:53.120> down<00:08:53.279> the<00:08:53.480> media<00:08:53.760> that<00:08:53.880> the
began to shut down the media that the
began to shut down the media that the
protests<00:08:54.320> were<00:08:54.519> happening
protests were happening
protests were happening
on<00:08:56.600> China<00:08:57.040> is<00:08:57.320> probably<00:08:57.720> the<00:08:57.920> most<00:08:58.240> successful
on China is probably the most successful
on China is probably the most successful
uh<00:09:00.320> manager<00:09:00.920> of<00:09:01.120> Internet<00:09:01.920> censorship<00:09:02.920> in<00:09:03.079> the
uh manager of Internet censorship in the
uh manager of Internet censorship in the
world<00:09:03.600> using<00:09:03.959> something<00:09:04.200> that's<00:09:04.399> widely
world using something that's widely
world using something that's widely
described<00:09:05.120> as<00:09:05.240> the<00:09:05.360> great<00:09:05.640> firewall<00:09:06.160> of<00:09:06.519> China
described as the great firewall of China
described as the great firewall of China
and<00:09:07.640> the<00:09:07.800> great<00:09:08.040> firewall<00:09:08.640> of<00:09:08.800> China<00:09:09.200> is<00:09:09.320> a<00:09:09.600> set
and the great firewall of China is a set
and the great firewall of China is a set
of<00:09:10.360> observation<00:09:11.160> points<00:09:12.160> that<00:09:12.440> assume<00:09:13.320> that
of observation points that assume that
of observation points that assume that
media<00:09:14.240> is<00:09:14.360> produced<00:09:14.720> by<00:09:15.079> professionals<00:09:16.079> it
media is produced by professionals it
media is produced by professionals it
mostly<00:09:16.640> comes<00:09:16.839> in<00:09:17.000> from<00:09:17.160> the<00:09:17.320> outside<00:09:17.839> world
mostly comes in from the outside world
mostly comes in from the outside world
right<00:09:19.160> it<00:09:19.360> comes<00:09:19.640> in<00:09:19.880> in<00:09:20.160> relatively<00:09:20.760> sparse
right it comes in in relatively sparse
right it comes in in relatively sparse
chunks<00:09:22.079> and<00:09:22.200> it<00:09:22.320> comes<00:09:22.560> in<00:09:22.760> relatively<00:09:23.519> slowly
chunks and it comes in relatively slowly
chunks and it comes in relatively slowly
and<00:09:24.720> because<00:09:24.959> of<00:09:25.160> those<00:09:25.360> four
and because of those four
and because of those four
characteristics<00:09:26.399> they<00:09:26.480> are<00:09:26.680> able<00:09:26.920> to<00:09:27.200> filter
characteristics they are able to filter
characteristics they are able to filter
it<00:09:28.279> as<00:09:28.440> it<00:09:28.600> comes<00:09:28.800> into<00:09:29.000> the<00:09:29.120> country
it as it comes into the country
it as it comes into the country
but<00:09:30.720> like<00:09:30.959> the<00:09:31.120> majino<00:09:31.800> line<00:09:32.519> the<00:09:32.640> great
but like the majino line the great
but like the majino line the great
firewall<00:09:33.279> of<00:09:33.440> China<00:09:33.680> was<00:09:33.880> facing<00:09:34.200> in<00:09:34.399> the
firewall of China was facing in the
firewall of China was facing in the
wrong<00:09:35.680> direction<00:09:36.560> for<00:09:36.839> this<00:09:37.040> challenge
wrong direction for this challenge
wrong direction for this challenge
because<00:09:38.200> not<00:09:38.519> one<00:09:38.959> of<00:09:39.240> those<00:09:39.440> four<00:09:39.800> things<00:09:40.079> was
because not one of those four things was
because not one of those four things was
true<00:09:40.680> in<00:09:41.040> this<00:09:41.920> environment<00:09:42.920> right<00:09:43.320> the<00:09:43.440> media
true in this environment right the media
true in this environment right the media
was<00:09:43.920> produced<00:09:44.279> locally<00:09:44.640> it<00:09:44.720> was<00:09:44.880> produced<00:09:45.160> by
was produced locally it was produced by
was produced locally it was produced by
amateurs<00:09:45.760> it<00:09:45.880> was<00:09:46.000> produced<00:09:46.360> quickly<00:09:46.680> and<00:09:46.800> it
amateurs it was produced quickly and it
amateurs it was produced quickly and it
was<00:09:47.000> produced<00:09:47.399> at<00:09:47.720> such<00:09:48.079> an<00:09:48.320> incredible
was produced at such an incredible
was produced at such an incredible
abundance<00:09:50.440> that<00:09:50.600> there<00:09:50.760> was<00:09:51.120> no<00:09:51.959> way<00:09:52.360> to
abundance that there was no way to
abundance that there was no way to
filter<00:09:53.040> it<00:09:53.399> as<00:09:53.560> it<00:09:53.880> appeared<00:09:54.880> and<00:09:55.000> so<00:09:55.320> now<00:09:55.720> the
filter it as it appeared and so now the
filter it as it appeared and so now the
Chinese<00:09:56.160> government<00:09:56.519> who<00:09:56.680> for<00:09:57.160> a<00:09:57.399> dozen<00:09:57.839> years
Chinese government who for a dozen years
Chinese government who for a dozen years
has<00:09:58.360> quite<00:09:58.640> successfully<00:09:59.519> filtered<00:10:00.440> the<00:10:00.640> web
has quite successfully filtered the web
has quite successfully filtered the web
is<00:10:01.680> now<00:10:01.839> in<00:10:01.959> the<00:10:02.079> position<00:10:02.360> of<00:10:02.480> having<00:10:02.720> to
is now in the position of having to
is now in the position of having to
decide<00:10:03.600> whether<00:10:03.839> to<00:10:04.160> allow<00:10:04.640> or<00:10:05.000> shut<00:10:05.480> down
decide whether to allow or shut down
decide whether to allow or shut down
entire<00:10:06.880> Services<00:10:07.880> right<00:10:08.120> because<00:10:08.360> the
entire Services right because the
entire Services right because the
transformation<00:10:09.240> to<00:10:09.480> amateur<00:10:09.959> media<00:10:10.839> is<00:10:11.160> so
transformation to amateur media is so
transformation to amateur media is so
enormous<00:10:12.040> that<00:10:12.200> they<00:10:12.360> can't<00:10:12.600> deal<00:10:12.839> with<00:10:12.959> it
enormous that they can't deal with it
enormous that they can't deal with it
any<00:10:13.399> other<00:10:13.680> way<00:10:14.240> and<00:10:14.360> in<00:10:14.519> fact<00:10:14.920> that<00:10:15.040> is
any other way and in fact that is
any other way and in fact that is
happening<00:10:15.920> this<00:10:16.160> week<00:10:16.839> on<00:10:17.040> the<00:10:17.200> 20th
happening this week on the 20th
happening this week on the 20th
anniversary<00:10:18.160> of<00:10:18.320> Keanan<00:10:19.240> they<00:10:19.519> just<00:10:20.240> two<00:10:20.519> days
anniversary of Keanan they just two days
anniversary of Keanan they just two days
ago<00:10:21.000> announced<00:10:21.519> that<00:10:21.680> they<00:10:21.800> were<00:10:22.040> simply
ago announced that they were simply
ago announced that they were simply
shutting<00:10:23.079> down<00:10:23.680> access<00:10:24.000> to<00:10:24.200> Twitter<00:10:25.079> because
shutting down access to Twitter because
shutting down access to Twitter because
there<00:10:25.480> was<00:10:25.839> no<00:10:26.279> way<00:10:26.519> to<00:10:26.800> filter<00:10:27.200> it<00:10:27.839> other<00:10:28.079> than
there was no way to filter it other than
there was no way to filter it other than
that<00:10:28.600> they<00:10:28.720> had<00:10:28.839> to<00:10:29.000> turn<00:10:29.320> turn<00:10:29.839> the<00:10:30.000> spigot
that they had to turn turn the spigot
that they had to turn turn the spigot
entirely<00:10:31.519> off<00:10:32.519> now<00:10:32.720> these<00:10:32.880> changes<00:10:33.440> don't
entirely off now these changes don't
entirely off now these changes don't
just<00:10:34.240> affect<00:10:34.560> people<00:10:34.760> who<00:10:34.880> want<00:10:35.000> to<00:10:35.200> censor
just affect people who want to censor
just affect people who want to censor
messages<00:10:36.399> they<00:10:36.600> also<00:10:36.880> affect<00:10:37.200> people<00:10:37.440> who
messages they also affect people who
messages they also affect people who
want<00:10:37.680> to<00:10:37.839> send<00:10:38.279> messages<00:10:39.279> right<00:10:39.720> because<00:10:40.040> this
want to send messages right because this
want to send messages right because this
is<00:10:40.320> really<00:10:40.519> a<00:10:40.680> transformation<00:10:41.200> in<00:10:41.320> the
is really a transformation in the
is really a transformation in the
ecosystem<00:10:42.000> as<00:10:42.079> a<00:10:42.240> whole<00:10:42.600> not<00:10:42.880> just<00:10:43.040> a
ecosystem as a whole not just a
ecosystem as a whole not just a
particular<00:10:43.760> strategy<00:10:44.680> the<00:10:45.200> classic<00:10:46.200> media
particular strategy the classic media
particular strategy the classic media
prom<00:10:47.519> from<00:10:47.680> the<00:10:47.800> 20th<00:10:48.160> century<00:10:48.440> is<00:10:48.600> how<00:10:48.720> does
prom from the 20th century is how does
prom from the 20th century is how does
an<00:10:49.040> organization<00:10:49.680> have<00:10:49.839> a<00:10:50.040> message<00:10:50.639> that<00:10:50.959> they
an organization have a message that they
an organization have a message that they
want<00:10:51.480> to<00:10:51.800> get<00:10:52.040> out<00:10:52.519> to<00:10:52.720> a<00:10:52.880> group<00:10:53.079> of<00:10:53.279> people
want to get out to a group of people
want to get out to a group of people
distributed<00:10:54.200> at<00:10:54.320> the<00:10:54.399> edges<00:10:54.680> of<00:10:54.800> the<00:10:54.880> network
distributed at the edges of the network
distributed at the edges of the network
and<00:10:55.360> here's<00:10:55.600> the<00:10:55.720> 20th<00:10:56.079> century<00:10:56.639> answer
and here's the 20th century answer
and here's the 20th century answer
bundle<00:10:58.000> up<00:10:58.160> the<00:10:58.320> message<00:10:59.320> send<00:10:59.560> the<00:10:59.720> same
bundle up the message send the same
bundle up the message send the same
message<00:11:00.279> to<00:11:00.720> everybody<00:11:01.720> National<00:11:02.160> message
message to everybody National message
message to everybody National message
targeted<00:11:03.600> individuals<00:11:04.519> relatively<00:11:05.000> sparse
targeted individuals relatively sparse
targeted individuals relatively sparse
number<00:11:05.560> of<00:11:05.680> producers<00:11:06.399> very<00:11:06.720> expensive<00:11:07.279> to<00:11:07.399> do
number of producers very expensive to do
number of producers very expensive to do
so<00:11:07.760> there's<00:11:07.959> not<00:11:08.079> a<00:11:08.200> lot<00:11:08.320> of<00:11:08.560> competition<00:11:09.440> this
so there's not a lot of competition this
so there's not a lot of competition this
is<00:11:09.760> how<00:11:09.880> you<00:11:10.079> reach<00:11:10.480> people<00:11:11.360> right<00:11:12.360> all<00:11:12.639> of
is how you reach people right all of
is how you reach people right all of
that<00:11:13.079> is<00:11:13.320> over<00:11:14.000> right<00:11:14.399> we<00:11:14.519> are<00:11:14.680> increasingly
that is over right we are increasingly
that is over right we are increasingly
in<00:11:15.440> a<00:11:15.600> landscape<00:11:16.079> where<00:11:16.200> media<00:11:16.480> is<00:11:16.720> global
in a landscape where media is global
in a landscape where media is global
social<00:11:18.519> ubiquitous<00:11:19.399> and<00:11:19.560> cheap<00:11:20.320> right<00:11:20.839> now
social ubiquitous and cheap right now
social ubiquitous and cheap right now
most<00:11:22.240> organizations<00:11:22.920> that<00:11:23.000> are<00:11:23.279> trying<00:11:23.480> to
most organizations that are trying to
most organizations that are trying to
send<00:11:24.399> messages<00:11:25.399> to<00:11:25.560> the<00:11:25.680> outside<00:11:26.040> world<00:11:26.279> to
send messages to the outside world to
send messages to the outside world to
the<00:11:26.519> distributed<00:11:27.160> you<00:11:27.240> know<00:11:27.399> the<00:11:27.519> distributed
the distributed you know the distributed
the distributed you know the distributed
collection<00:11:28.399> of<00:11:28.560> the<00:11:28.680> audience
collection of the audience
collection of the audience
are<00:11:30.000> now<00:11:30.200> used<00:11:30.480> to<00:11:30.800> this<00:11:31.240> change<00:11:31.839> the<00:11:32.000> audience
are now used to this change the audience
are now used to this change the audience
can<00:11:32.680> talk<00:11:33.120> back<00:11:33.760> and<00:11:33.920> that's<00:11:34.040> a<00:11:34.160> little<00:11:34.320> freaky
can talk back and that's a little freaky
can talk back and that's a little freaky
but<00:11:35.160> you<00:11:35.320> can<00:11:35.519> get<00:11:35.680> used<00:11:35.920> to<00:11:36.040> it<00:11:36.240> after<00:11:36.440> a<00:11:36.600> while
but you can get used to it after a while
but you can get used to it after a while
as<00:11:37.079> as<00:11:37.279> people<00:11:37.399> are<00:11:37.560> do<00:11:37.720> it<00:11:38.720> but<00:11:39.000> that's<00:11:39.320> not
as as people are do it but that's not
as as people are do it but that's not
the<00:11:39.880> really<00:11:40.560> crazy<00:11:41.079> change<00:11:41.480> that<00:11:41.600> we're
the really crazy change that we're
the really crazy change that we're
living<00:11:42.000> in<00:11:42.120> the<00:11:42.200> middle<00:11:42.480> of<00:11:43.440> the<00:11:43.639> really<00:11:44.040> crazy
living in the middle of the really crazy
living in the middle of the really crazy
change<00:11:44.720> is<00:11:45.000> here<00:11:45.959> it's<00:11:46.200> the<00:11:46.440> fact<00:11:46.680> that
change is here it's the fact that
change is here it's the fact that
they're<00:11:47.040> no<00:11:47.279> longer<00:11:47.720> disconnected<00:11:48.360> from<00:11:48.600> each
they're no longer disconnected from each
they're no longer disconnected from each
other<00:11:49.680> the<00:11:49.920> fact<00:11:50.160> that<00:11:50.560> former<00:11:51.040> consumers<00:11:51.480> are
other the fact that former consumers are
other the fact that former consumers are
now<00:11:51.839> producers<00:11:52.360> the<00:11:52.519> fact<00:11:52.680> that<00:11:52.839> the<00:11:52.959> audience
now producers the fact that the audience
now producers the fact that the audience
can<00:11:53.639> talk<00:11:54.040> directly<00:11:54.480> to<00:11:54.639> one<00:11:54.839> another<00:11:55.600> because
can talk directly to one another because
can talk directly to one another because
there's<00:11:56.120> a<00:11:56.440> lot<00:11:56.920> more<00:11:57.240> amateurs<00:11:57.800> than
there's a lot more amateurs than
there's a lot more amateurs than
professionals<00:11:59.320> and<00:11:59.519> because<00:11:59.800> the<00:12:00.040> size<00:12:00.440> of
professionals and because the size of
professionals and because the size of
the<00:12:00.800> network<00:12:01.560> the<00:12:01.720> complexity<00:12:02.279> of<00:12:02.399> the
the network the complexity of the
the network the complexity of the
network<00:12:03.160> is<00:12:03.480> actually<00:12:03.800> the<00:12:04.120> square<00:12:04.800> of<00:12:04.959> the
network is actually the square of the
network is actually the square of the
number<00:12:05.360> of<00:12:05.600> participants<00:12:06.560> meaning<00:12:06.880> that<00:12:07.000> the
number of participants meaning that the
number of participants meaning that the
network<00:12:07.560> when<00:12:07.680> it<00:12:07.800> grows<00:12:08.120> large<00:12:08.519> grows<00:12:09.079> very
network when it grows large grows very
network when it grows large grows very
very<00:12:10.279> large<00:12:11.200> as<00:12:11.399> recently<00:12:11.920> as<00:12:12.160> last<00:12:12.440> decade
very large as recently as last decade
very large as recently as last decade
most<00:12:13.120> of<00:12:13.279> the<00:12:13.399> media<00:12:13.800> that<00:12:13.920> was<00:12:14.120> available<00:12:14.560> for
most of the media that was available for
most of the media that was available for
public<00:12:15.199> consumption<00:12:15.680> was<00:12:15.880> produced<00:12:16.320> by
public consumption was produced by
public consumption was produced by
professionals<00:12:18.160> those<00:12:18.560> days<00:12:18.880> are<00:12:19.240> over<00:12:20.240> never
professionals those days are over never
professionals those days are over never
to<00:12:20.959> return<00:12:21.519> right<00:12:21.760> it<00:12:21.880> is<00:12:22.079> the<00:12:22.240> green<00:12:22.680> lines
to return right it is the green lines
to return right it is the green lines
now<00:12:23.560> that<00:12:23.680> are<00:12:23.839> the<00:12:23.920> source<00:12:24.120> of<00:12:24.199> the<00:12:24.279> freak
now that are the source of the freak
now that are the source of the freak
which<00:12:25.320> brings<00:12:25.560> me<00:12:25.680> to<00:12:25.839> my<00:12:26.000> last<00:12:26.720> story<00:12:27.720> we<00:12:27.880> saw
which brings me to my last story we saw
which brings me to my last story we saw
some<00:12:28.440> of<00:12:28.600> the<00:12:28.760> most<00:12:29.320> imaginative<00:12:30.040> use<00:12:30.279> of
some of the most imaginative use of
some of the most imaginative use of
social<00:12:30.880> media<00:12:31.639> during<00:12:32.000> the<00:12:32.199> Obama<00:12:32.600> campaign
social media during the Obama campaign
social media during the Obama campaign
and<00:12:33.040> I<00:12:33.120> don't<00:12:33.279> mean<00:12:33.480> most<00:12:33.680> imaginative<00:12:34.240> use<00:12:34.519> in
and I don't mean most imaginative use in
and I don't mean most imaginative use in
politics<00:12:35.199> I<00:12:35.279> mean<00:12:35.519> most<00:12:35.720> imaginative<00:12:36.279> use
politics I mean most imaginative use
politics I mean most imaginative use
ever<00:12:37.880> and<00:12:38.000> one<00:12:38.120> of<00:12:38.240> the<00:12:38.360> things<00:12:38.600> Obama<00:12:38.920> did
ever and one of the things Obama did
ever and one of the things Obama did
they<00:12:39.360> famously<00:12:39.720> the<00:12:39.839> Obama<00:12:40.160> campaign<00:12:40.519> did<00:12:40.680> was
they famously the Obama campaign did was
they famously the Obama campaign did was
they<00:12:41.000> famously<00:12:41.320> put<00:12:41.480> up<00:12:41.600> my<00:12:41.800> Barack<00:12:42.120> obama.com
they famously put up my Barack obama.com
they famously put up my Barack obama.com
my.com<00:12:44.240> and<00:12:44.519> millions<00:12:45.079> of<00:12:45.279> citizens<00:12:46.079> rushed
my.com and millions of citizens rushed
my.com and millions of citizens rushed
in<00:12:46.760> to<00:12:47.000> participate<00:12:47.480> and<00:12:47.600> to<00:12:47.720> try<00:12:47.880> and<00:12:48.040> figure
in to participate and to try and figure
in to participate and to try and figure
out<00:12:48.399> how<00:12:48.519> to<00:12:48.720> help<00:12:49.360> right<00:12:49.519> an<00:12:49.760> incredible
out how to help right an incredible
out how to help right an incredible
conversation<00:12:51.160> sprung<00:12:51.519> up<00:12:51.800> there<00:12:52.480> right<00:12:52.839> and
conversation sprung up there right and
conversation sprung up there right and
then<00:12:53.880> this<00:12:54.040> time<00:12:54.320> last<00:12:54.560> year<00:12:55.519> Obama<00:12:56.000> announced
then this time last year Obama announced
then this time last year Obama announced
that<00:12:56.720> he<00:12:56.800> was<00:12:56.920> going<00:12:57.040> to<00:12:57.279> change<00:12:57.800> his<00:12:58.000> vote<00:12:58.279> on
that he was going to change his vote on
that he was going to change his vote on
fisa<00:12:58.959> the<00:12:59.199> foreign<00:12:59.440> intelligence
fisa the foreign intelligence
fisa the foreign intelligence
surveillance<00:13:00.440> act<00:13:01.040> right<00:13:01.199> he<00:13:01.320> had<00:13:01.440> said<00:13:01.639> in
surveillance act right he had said in
surveillance act right he had said in
January<00:13:02.199> he<00:13:02.320> would<00:13:02.480> not<00:13:02.680> sign<00:13:02.920> a<00:13:03.040> bill<00:13:03.279> that
January he would not sign a bill that
January he would not sign a bill that
granted<00:13:03.760> Telecom<00:13:04.240> immunity<00:13:05.160> for<00:13:06.000> possibly
granted Telecom immunity for possibly
granted Telecom immunity for possibly
warrantless<00:13:06.959> buying<00:13:07.240> on<00:13:07.440> American
warrantless buying on American
warrantless buying on American
persons<00:13:09.480> by<00:13:09.639> the<00:13:09.760> summer<00:13:10.240> in<00:13:10.320> the<00:13:10.399> middle<00:13:10.639> of
persons by the summer in the middle of
persons by the summer in the middle of
the<00:13:10.800> general<00:13:11.160> campaign<00:13:11.519> he<00:13:11.600> said<00:13:11.839> I've
the general campaign he said I've
the general campaign he said I've
thought<00:13:12.199> about<00:13:12.360> the<00:13:12.480> issue<00:13:12.760> more<00:13:13.040> I've
thought about the issue more I've
thought about the issue more I've
changed<00:13:13.480> my<00:13:13.600> mind<00:13:13.839> I'm<00:13:13.920> going<00:13:14.040> to<00:13:14.160> vote<00:13:14.320> for
changed my mind I'm going to vote for
changed my mind I'm going to vote for
this<00:13:14.680> bill<00:13:15.680> and<00:13:15.800> many<00:13:16.000> of<00:13:16.120> his<00:13:16.240> own<00:13:16.720> supporters
this bill and many of his own supporters
this bill and many of his own supporters
on<00:13:18.040> his<00:13:18.279> own<00:13:18.639> site<00:13:19.000> went<00:13:19.600> very<00:13:20.600> publicly
on his own site went very publicly
on his own site went very publicly
berserk<00:13:23.279> it<00:13:23.360> was<00:13:23.480> Senator<00:13:23.839> Obama<00:13:24.199> when<00:13:24.320> they
berserk it was Senator Obama when they
berserk it was Senator Obama when they
created<00:13:24.800> it<00:13:24.920> they<00:13:25.040> changed<00:13:25.279> the<00:13:25.399> name<00:13:25.600> later
created it they changed the name later
created it they changed the name later
please<00:13:26.560> get<00:13:26.800> fisa<00:13:27.560> right<00:13:28.399> Within<00:13:29.240> days<00:13:29.440> of
please get fisa right Within days of
please get fisa right Within days of
this<00:13:29.720> group<00:13:29.959> being<00:13:30.120> created<00:13:30.399> it<00:13:30.480> was<00:13:30.600> the
this group being created it was the
this group being created it was the
fastest<00:13:31.079> growing<00:13:31.399> group<00:13:31.560> on<00:13:31.680> mayo.com<00:13:32.360> within
fastest growing group on mayo.com within
fastest growing group on mayo.com within
weeks<00:13:33.279> of<00:13:33.399> it<00:13:33.600> being<00:13:33.760> created<00:13:34.079> it<00:13:34.160> was<00:13:34.320> the
weeks of it being created it was the
weeks of it being created it was the
largest<00:13:35.199> group<00:13:36.199> and<00:13:36.360> Obama<00:13:37.079> had<00:13:37.320> to<00:13:37.639> issue<00:13:38.399> a
largest group and Obama had to issue a
largest group and Obama had to issue a
press<00:13:38.839> release<00:13:39.240> he<00:13:39.519> had<00:13:39.680> to<00:13:40.000> issue<00:13:40.720> a<00:13:40.959> reply
press release he had to issue a reply
press release he had to issue a reply
and<00:13:41.839> he<00:13:41.959> said<00:13:42.199> essentially<00:13:42.600> I've<00:13:42.800> considered
and he said essentially I've considered
and he said essentially I've considered
the<00:13:43.360> issue<00:13:44.079> I<00:13:44.440> understand<00:13:44.600> where<00:13:44.720> you're
the issue I understand where you're
the issue I understand where you're
coming<00:13:45.199> from<00:13:45.920> but<00:13:46.519> having<00:13:46.880> considered<00:13:47.279> it<00:13:47.399> all
coming from but having considered it all
coming from but having considered it all
I'm<00:13:47.800> still<00:13:48.000> going<00:13:48.120> to<00:13:48.279> vote<00:13:48.480> the<00:13:48.560> way<00:13:48.720> I'm
I'm still going to vote the way I'm
I'm still going to vote the way I'm
going<00:13:48.959> to<00:13:49.160> vote<00:13:49.440> but<00:13:49.560> I<00:13:49.639> wanted<00:13:49.839> to<00:13:50.000> reach<00:13:50.199> out
going to vote but I wanted to reach out
going to vote but I wanted to reach out
to<00:13:50.480> you<00:13:50.639> and<00:13:50.800> say<00:13:51.360> I<00:13:51.759> understand<00:13:51.880> that<00:13:52.000> you
to you and say I understand that you
to you and say I understand that you
disagree<00:13:52.560> with<00:13:52.680> me<00:13:52.920> and<00:13:53.079> I'm<00:13:53.160> going<00:13:53.279> to<00:13:53.399> take
disagree with me and I'm going to take
disagree with me and I'm going to take
my<00:13:53.720> lumps<00:13:54.040> on<00:13:54.240> this
my lumps on this
my lumps on this
one<00:13:55.959> this<00:13:56.120> didn't<00:13:56.440> please<00:13:56.800> anybody<00:13:57.199> but<00:13:57.360> then
one this didn't please anybody but then
one this didn't please anybody but then
a<00:13:57.680> funny<00:13:58.000> thing<00:13:58.279> happened<00:13:58.560> in<00:13:58.639> the<00:13:58.720> convers<00:13:59.480> a
a funny thing happened in the convers a
a funny thing happened in the convers a
people<00:14:00.720> in<00:14:00.839> that<00:14:01.000> group<00:14:01.320> realized<00:14:02.160> that<00:14:02.360> Obama
people in that group realized that Obama
people in that group realized that Obama
had<00:14:03.240> never<00:14:03.959> shut<00:14:04.440> them<00:14:05.160> down<00:14:06.160> nobody<00:14:06.519> in<00:14:06.639> the
had never shut them down nobody in the
had never shut them down nobody in the
Obama<00:14:07.199> campaign<00:14:07.680> had<00:14:07.839> ever<00:14:08.120> tried<00:14:08.399> to<00:14:08.759> hide
Obama campaign had ever tried to hide
Obama campaign had ever tried to hide
the<00:14:09.320> group<00:14:10.000> or<00:14:10.199> make<00:14:10.360> it<00:14:10.639> harder<00:14:11.000> to<00:14:11.240> join<00:14:11.880> to
the group or make it harder to join to
the group or make it harder to join to
deny<00:14:12.440> its<00:14:12.680> existence<00:14:13.120> to<00:14:13.279> delete<00:14:13.600> it<00:14:13.759> to<00:14:13.959> take
deny its existence to delete it to take
deny its existence to delete it to take
it<00:14:14.240> off<00:14:14.440> the<00:14:14.680> site<00:14:15.639> right<00:14:16.040> they<00:14:16.199> had
it off the site right they had
it off the site right they had
understood<00:14:18.320> that<00:14:18.600> their<00:14:18.920> role<00:14:19.600> with<00:14:19.800> mayo.com
understood that their role with mayo.com
understood that their role with mayo.com
was<00:14:20.759> to<00:14:21.040> convene<00:14:21.639> their<00:14:21.880> supporters<00:14:22.839> but<00:14:23.079> not
was to convene their supporters but not
was to convene their supporters but not
to<00:14:23.600> control<00:14:24.240> their<00:14:24.880> supporters<00:14:25.880> and<00:14:26.199> that<00:14:26.320> is
to control their supporters and that is
to control their supporters and that is
the<00:14:26.759> kind<00:14:26.959> of<00:14:27.279> discipline<00:14:28.279> that<00:14:28.399> it<00:14:28.519> takes<00:14:28.759> to
the kind of discipline that it takes to
the kind of discipline that it takes to
make<00:14:29.440> really<00:14:30.000> mature<00:14:30.720> use<00:14:31.600> of<00:14:31.880> this<00:14:32.160> media
make really mature use of this media
make really mature use of this media
right<00:14:35.560> media<00:14:36.560> the<00:14:36.759> media<00:14:37.160> landscape<00:14:37.759> that<00:14:37.880> we
right media the media landscape that we
right media the media landscape that we
knew<00:14:38.800> as<00:14:39.000> familiar<00:14:39.440> as<00:14:39.560> it<00:14:39.680> was<00:14:39.920> as<00:14:40.079> easy
knew as familiar as it was as easy
knew as familiar as it was as easy
conceptually<00:14:41.079> it<00:14:41.279> was<00:14:41.480> as<00:14:41.600> it<00:14:41.680> was<00:14:41.839> to<00:14:42.000> deal
conceptually it was as it was to deal
conceptually it was as it was to deal
with<00:14:42.320> the<00:14:42.440> idea<00:14:42.759> that<00:14:42.959> professionals
with the idea that professionals
with the idea that professionals
broadcast<00:14:44.360> messages<00:14:44.759> to<00:14:45.079> amateurs<00:14:45.920> right<00:14:46.199> is
broadcast messages to amateurs right is
broadcast messages to amateurs right is
increasingly<00:14:47.079> slipping<00:14:47.680> away<00:14:48.680> in<00:14:48.800> a<00:14:48.920> world
increasingly slipping away in a world
increasingly slipping away in a world
where<00:14:49.320> media<00:14:49.639> is<00:14:49.800> global<00:14:50.399> social<00:14:51.040> ubiquitous
where media is global social ubiquitous
where media is global social ubiquitous
and<00:14:52.079> cheap<00:14:53.079> in<00:14:53.160> a<00:14:53.320> world<00:14:53.920> of<00:14:54.079> media<00:14:54.399> where<00:14:54.560> the
and cheap in a world of media where the
and cheap in a world of media where the
former<00:14:55.120> audience<00:14:55.560> are<00:14:55.800> now<00:14:56.120> increasingly
former audience are now increasingly
former audience are now increasingly
full<00:14:57.720> participants
full participants
full participants
right<00:14:59.680> in<00:15:00.079> that<00:15:00.240> world<00:15:00.560> media<00:15:01.040> is<00:15:01.320> less<00:15:01.800> and
right in that world media is less and
right in that world media is less and
less<00:15:02.759> often<00:15:03.440> about<00:15:04.440> crafting<00:15:04.959> a<00:15:05.199> single
less often about crafting a single
less often about crafting a single
message<00:15:06.079> to<00:15:06.279> be<00:15:06.759> consumed<00:15:07.759> by<00:15:08.199> individuals
message to be consumed by individuals
message to be consumed by individuals
and<00:15:09.320> it's<00:15:09.600> more<00:15:09.800> and<00:15:10.000> more<00:15:10.279> often<00:15:10.720> a<00:15:10.920> way<00:15:11.240> of
and it's more and more often a way of
and it's more and more often a way of
creating<00:15:12.079> an<00:15:12.279> environment<00:15:12.800> for<00:15:13.199> convening
creating an environment for convening
creating an environment for convening
and<00:15:14.440> supporting
and supporting
and supporting
groups<00:15:16.759> and<00:15:16.880> the<00:15:17.079> choice<00:15:17.440> we<00:15:17.639> face<00:15:18.160> I<00:15:18.279> mean
groups and the choice we face I mean
groups and the choice we face I mean
anybody<00:15:19.079> who<00:15:19.279> has<00:15:19.399> a<00:15:19.560> message<00:15:19.920> they<00:15:20.040> want<00:15:20.160> to
anybody who has a message they want to
anybody who has a message they want to
have<00:15:20.480> heard<00:15:20.920> anywhere<00:15:21.399> in<00:15:21.560> the<00:15:21.720> world<00:15:22.600> isn't
have heard anywhere in the world isn't
have heard anywhere in the world isn't
whether<00:15:23.279> that's<00:15:23.440> the<00:15:23.519> media<00:15:23.880> environment<00:15:24.320> we
whether that's the media environment we
whether that's the media environment we
want<00:15:24.560> to<00:15:24.759> operate<00:15:25.160> in<00:15:25.600> that's<00:15:25.800> the<00:15:25.880> media
want to operate in that's the media
want to operate in that's the media
environment<00:15:26.639> we've<00:15:26.839> got<00:15:27.839> the<00:15:28.000> question<00:15:28.360> we
environment we've got the question we
environment we've got the question we
all<00:15:28.680> face<00:15:29.160> now<00:15:29.480> is<00:15:30.000> how<00:15:30.240> can<00:15:30.399> we<00:15:30.600> make<00:15:30.880> best<00:15:31.120> use
all face now is how can we make best use
all face now is how can we make best use
of<00:15:31.519> this<00:15:31.680> medium<00:15:32.440> even<00:15:32.680> though<00:15:32.800> it<00:15:32.880> means
of this medium even though it means
of this medium even though it means
changing<00:15:33.720> the<00:15:33.880> way<00:15:34.319> we've<00:15:34.600> always<00:15:34.880> done<00:15:35.079> it
changing the way we've always done it
changing the way we've always done it
thank<00:15:36.160> you<00:15:36.319> very<00:15:36.519> much
thank you very much
thank you very much
[Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause]
[Music]
Clay Shirkey, social, media, Facebook, Twitter, media, revolution, TEDEducation, TED-Ed, TED, Ed
