Medicine's future? There's an app for that - Daniel Kraft
a<00:00:15.590> couple<00:00:16.590> of<00:00:16.680> years<00:00:16.800> ago<00:00:17.010> when<00:00:17.670> I<00:00:17.730> was
a couple of years ago when I was
a couple of years ago when I was
attending<00:00:18.030> the<00:00:18.330> TED<00:00:18.660> conference<00:00:19.170> in<00:00:19.320> Long
attending the TED conference in Long
attending the TED conference in Long
Beach<00:00:19.740> I<00:00:20.430> met<00:00:20.850> Harriet<00:00:21.570> now<00:00:22.020> we'd<00:00:22.230> actually
Beach I met Harriet now we'd actually
Beach I met Harriet now we'd actually
met<00:00:22.740> online<00:00:23.100> before<00:00:23.700> you<00:00:24.210> know<00:00:24.300> not<00:00:24.450> the<00:00:24.540> way
met online before you know not the way
met online before you know not the way
you're<00:00:24.779> thinking<00:00:24.810> we<00:00:25.439> were<00:00:25.529> actually
you're thinking we were actually
you're thinking we were actually
introduced<00:00:26.220> because<00:00:26.430> we<00:00:26.700> both<00:00:26.849> knew<00:00:27.029> Linda<00:00:27.240> av
introduced because we both knew Linda av
introduced because we both knew Linda av
one<00:00:27.779> of<00:00:27.869> the<00:00:27.930> founders<00:00:28.290> of<00:00:28.320> the<00:00:28.500> first<00:00:28.770> online
one of the founders of the first online
one of the founders of the first online
personal<00:00:30.060> genomic<00:00:30.450> companies<00:00:30.810> and<00:00:31.200> because
personal genomic companies and because
personal genomic companies and because
we<00:00:31.590> shared<00:00:31.829> our<00:00:31.950> genetic<00:00:32.310> information<00:00:32.520> with
we shared our genetic information with
we shared our genetic information with
Linda<00:00:33.210> she<00:00:33.750> could<00:00:33.870> see<00:00:34.020> that<00:00:34.170> Harriet<00:00:34.650> and<00:00:34.770> I
Linda she could see that Harriet and I
Linda she could see that Harriet and I
shared<00:00:35.250> a<00:00:35.760> very<00:00:36.090> rare<00:00:36.390> type<00:00:36.420> of<00:00:36.810> mitochondrial
shared a very rare type of mitochondrial
shared a very rare type of mitochondrial
DNA<00:00:37.590> haplotype<00:00:38.370> K<00:00:38.610> 1<00:00:38.790> a<00:00:38.820> 1<00:00:39.120> B<00:00:39.270> 1<00:00:39.300> a<00:00:39.540> which<00:00:39.690> meant
DNA haplotype K 1 a 1 B 1 a which meant
DNA haplotype K 1 a 1 B 1 a which meant
that<00:00:40.200> we<00:00:40.380> were<00:00:40.530> distantly<00:00:40.920> related<00:00:40.980> we
that we were distantly related we
that we were distantly related we
actually<00:00:42.180> shared<00:00:42.390> the<00:00:42.480> same<00:00:42.630> genealogy<00:00:43.260> with
actually shared the same genealogy with
actually shared the same genealogy with
Ozzie<00:00:43.680> the<00:00:43.769> iceman<00:00:44.160> so<00:00:44.399> Ozzie<00:00:44.940> Harriet<00:00:45.090> and<00:00:45.390> me
Ozzie the iceman so Ozzie Harriet and me
Ozzie the iceman so Ozzie Harriet and me
and<00:00:46.160> being<00:00:47.160> the<00:00:47.250> current<00:00:47.430> day<00:00:47.640> of<00:00:47.760> course<00:00:47.940> we
and being the current day of course we
and being the current day of course we
start<00:00:48.269> our<00:00:48.329> own<00:00:48.390> Facebook<00:00:48.899> group<00:00:49.109> you're<00:00:49.260> all
start our own Facebook group you're all
start our own Facebook group you're all
welcome<00:00:49.590> to<00:00:49.710> join<00:00:49.829> and<00:00:50.309> when<00:00:51.239> I<00:00:51.269> met<00:00:51.539> Harriet
welcome to join and when I met Harriet
welcome to join and when I met Harriet
and<00:00:51.960> person<00:00:52.230> the<00:00:52.320> next<00:00:52.559> year<00:00:52.739> at<00:00:52.800> the<00:00:52.859> TED
and person the next year at the TED
and person the next year at the TED
conference<00:00:53.399> she'd<00:00:53.579> gone<00:00:53.730> online<00:00:53.879> and<00:00:54.090> ordered
conference she'd gone online and ordered
conference she'd gone online and ordered
our<00:00:54.660> own<00:00:54.840> happy<00:00:55.379> haplotype<00:00:55.890> t-shirts
our own happy haplotype t-shirts
our own happy haplotype t-shirts
now<00:00:58.100> why<00:00:58.640> am<00:00:58.700> I<00:00:58.820> telling<00:00:58.970> you<00:00:59.090> this<00:00:59.180> story<00:00:59.540> what
now why am I telling you this story what
now why am I telling you this story what
does<00:00:59.810> this<00:00:59.870> have<00:00:59.930> to<00:01:00.050> do<00:01:00.140> with<00:01:00.200> the<00:01:00.320> future<00:01:00.440> of
does this have to do with the future of
does this have to do with the future of
health<00:01:00.830> well<00:01:01.130> the<00:01:01.580> way<00:01:01.700> I<00:01:01.730> met<00:01:01.970> Harriet<00:01:02.300> is
health well the way I met Harriet is
health well the way I met Harriet is
actually<00:01:02.750> an<00:01:02.810> example<00:01:03.110> of<00:01:03.680> how<00:01:03.770> leveraging
actually an example of how leveraging
actually an example of how leveraging
cross-disciplinary<00:01:05.660> exponentially<00:01:06.530> growing
cross-disciplinary exponentially growing
cross-disciplinary exponentially growing
technologies<00:01:06.830> is<00:01:07.550> affecting<00:01:08.270> our<00:01:08.330> future<00:01:08.660> of
technologies is affecting our future of
technologies is affecting our future of
health<00:01:08.930> and<00:01:09.080> wellness<00:01:09.230> from<00:01:09.830> low<00:01:09.980> cost<00:01:10.010> gene
health and wellness from low cost gene
health and wellness from low cost gene
analysis<00:01:11.000> to<00:01:11.450> the<00:01:11.540> ability<00:01:11.810> to<00:01:11.840> do<00:01:11.930> powerful
analysis to the ability to do powerful
analysis to the ability to do powerful
bioinformatics<00:01:12.890> to<00:01:13.670> the<00:01:13.790> connection<00:01:14.210> of<00:01:14.330> the
bioinformatics to the connection of the
bioinformatics to the connection of the
internet<00:01:14.870> and<00:01:15.050> social<00:01:15.200> networking<00:01:16.030> what<00:01:17.030> I
internet and social networking what I
internet and social networking what I
like<00:01:17.240> to<00:01:17.300> talk<00:01:17.420> about<00:01:17.570> today<00:01:17.990> is
like to talk about today is
like to talk about today is
understanding<00:01:19.100> these<00:01:19.160> exponential
understanding these exponential
understanding these exponential
technologies<00:01:20.210> you<00:01:20.750> know<00:01:20.840> we<00:01:20.990> often<00:01:21.260> think
technologies you know we often think
technologies you know we often think
linearly<00:01:21.800> but<00:01:22.460> if<00:01:22.580> you<00:01:22.640> think<00:01:22.850> about<00:01:22.970> it<00:01:23.240> if
linearly but if you think about it if
linearly but if you think about it if
you<00:01:23.540> have<00:01:23.720> a<00:01:23.750> lily<00:01:24.230> pad<00:01:24.470> and<00:01:24.830> it<00:01:25.220> just<00:01:25.370> divided
you have a lily pad and it just divided
you have a lily pad and it just divided
every<00:01:25.970> single<00:01:26.240> day<00:01:26.390> 2<00:01:26.720> 4<00:01:27.170> 8<00:01:27.440> 16<00:01:28.420> 15<00:01:29.420> days<00:01:29.600> of
every single day 2 4 8 16 15 days of
every single day 2 4 8 16 15 days of
32,000<00:01:30.530> what<00:01:30.710> do<00:01:30.770> you<00:01:30.830> think<00:01:30.979> you<00:01:31.040> have<00:01:31.220> in<00:01:31.430> a
32,000 what do you think you have in a
32,000 what do you think you have in a
month<00:01:31.700> or<00:01:31.940> at<00:01:32.360> a<00:01:32.570> billion<00:01:33.020> so<00:01:33.860> if<00:01:33.950> we<00:01:34.070> start<00:01:34.310> to
month or at a billion so if we start to
month or at a billion so if we start to
think<00:01:34.430> exponentially<00:01:34.940> we<00:01:35.420> can<00:01:35.540> see<00:01:35.660> how<00:01:35.720> this
think exponentially we can see how this
think exponentially we can see how this
is<00:01:35.900> starting<00:01:36.080> to<00:01:36.290> affect<00:01:36.560> all<00:01:36.740> the
is starting to affect all the
is starting to affect all the
technologies<00:01:37.490> around<00:01:37.610> us<00:01:38.030> and<00:01:38.240> many<00:01:38.690> of<00:01:38.810> these
technologies around us and many of these
technologies around us and many of these
technologies<00:01:39.470> speaking<00:01:39.950> as<00:01:40.040> a<00:01:40.130> physician<00:01:40.520> and
technologies speaking as a physician and
technologies speaking as a physician and
innovator<00:01:41.030> we<00:01:41.540> can<00:01:41.690> really<00:01:41.810> start<00:01:42.050> to
innovator we can really start to
innovator we can really start to
leverage<00:01:42.590> to<00:01:42.979> impact<00:01:43.280> the<00:01:43.369> future<00:01:43.490> of<00:01:43.640> our<00:01:43.790> own
leverage to impact the future of our own
leverage to impact the future of our own
health<00:01:44.119> and<00:01:44.360> of<00:01:44.930> healthcare<00:01:45.410> and<00:01:45.590> to<00:01:45.860> address
health and of healthcare and to address
health and of healthcare and to address
many<00:01:46.369> of<00:01:46.430> the<00:01:46.550> major<00:01:46.729> challenges<00:01:47.300> that<00:01:47.479> we
many of the major challenges that we
many of the major challenges that we
have<00:01:47.900> in<00:01:47.990> healthcare<00:01:48.200> today<00:01:48.440> ranging<00:01:48.950> from
have in healthcare today ranging from
have in healthcare today ranging from
the<00:01:49.280> really<00:01:49.820> exponential<00:01:50.330> costs<00:01:50.720> to<00:01:51.140> the
the really exponential costs to the
the really exponential costs to the
aging<00:01:51.800> population<00:01:51.920> the<00:01:52.820> way<00:01:52.940> we<00:01:53.090> really<00:01:53.270> don't
aging population the way we really don't
aging population the way we really don't
use<00:01:53.660> information<00:01:53.990> very<00:01:54.619> well<00:01:54.650> today<00:01:55.040> the
use information very well today the
use information very well today the
fragmentation<00:01:56.090> of<00:01:56.390> care<00:01:56.630> and<00:01:56.869> often<00:01:57.290> the<00:01:57.380> very
fragmentation of care and often the very
fragmentation of care and often the very
difficult<00:01:57.800> course<00:01:58.340> of<00:01:58.610> adoption<00:01:59.090> of
difficult course of adoption of
difficult course of adoption of
innovation<00:01:59.690> and<00:02:00.170> one<00:02:00.920> of<00:02:01.009> the<00:02:01.070> major<00:02:01.220> things
innovation and one of the major things
innovation and one of the major things
we<00:02:01.640> can<00:02:01.790> do<00:02:01.880> we've<00:02:02.030> talked<00:02:02.210> a<00:02:02.300> bit<00:02:02.420> about<00:02:02.450> here
we can do we've talked a bit about here
we can do we've talked a bit about here
today<00:02:02.960> is<00:02:03.230> moving<00:02:03.680> the<00:02:03.800> curve<00:02:03.980> to<00:02:04.100> the<00:02:04.159> left<00:02:04.340> we
today is moving the curve to the left we
today is moving the curve to the left we
spend<00:02:04.700> most<00:02:04.820> of<00:02:04.970> our<00:02:05.060> money<00:02:05.120> on<00:02:05.390> the<00:02:05.480> last<00:02:05.659> 20%
spend most of our money on the last 20%
spend most of our money on the last 20%
of<00:02:06.560> life<00:02:06.740> what<00:02:06.980> if<00:02:07.070> we<00:02:07.159> get<00:02:07.250> spend<00:02:07.520> and
of life what if we get spend and
of life what if we get spend and
incentivize<00:02:08.420> physicians<00:02:08.929> and<00:02:09.080> healthcare
incentivize physicians and healthcare
incentivize physicians and healthcare
system<00:02:09.679> in<00:02:09.800> our<00:02:09.890> own<00:02:10.010> self<00:02:10.760> to<00:02:11.239> move<00:02:11.390> the<00:02:11.510> curve
system in our own self to move the curve
system in our own self to move the curve
to<00:02:11.810> left<00:02:11.989> improve<00:02:12.320> our<00:02:12.440> health<00:02:12.620> leveraging
to left improve our health leveraging
to left improve our health leveraging
technology<00:02:13.670> as<00:02:13.760> well
technology as well
technology as well
now<00:02:14.660> my<00:02:15.260> favorite<00:02:15.620> technology<00:02:16.130> example<00:02:16.880> of
now my favorite technology example of
now my favorite technology example of
exponential<00:02:17.269> technology<00:02:17.840> we<00:02:17.930> all<00:02:18.019> have<00:02:18.200> in
exponential technology we all have in
exponential technology we all have in
our<00:02:18.410> pocket<00:02:18.800> so<00:02:19.400> if<00:02:19.730> you<00:02:19.850> just<00:02:19.970> think<00:02:20.060> about<00:02:20.269> it
our pocket so if you just think about it
our pocket so if you just think about it
these<00:02:20.840> are<00:02:20.900> really<00:02:21.350> dramatically<00:02:21.860> improving
these are really dramatically improving
these are really dramatically improving
I<00:02:22.459> mean<00:02:22.610> this<00:02:22.850> is<00:02:22.970> the<00:02:23.060> iPhone<00:02:23.420> 4
I mean this is the iPhone 4
I mean this is the iPhone 4
imagine<00:02:24.980> what<00:02:25.459> the<00:02:25.550> iPhone<00:02:25.940> 8<00:02:26.180> will<00:02:26.630> be<00:02:26.750> able
imagine what the iPhone 8 will be able
imagine what the iPhone 8 will be able
to<00:02:27.049> do<00:02:27.200> now<00:02:27.860> I've<00:02:28.160> gained<00:02:28.430> some<00:02:28.580> insight<00:02:28.850> into
to do now I've gained some insight into
to do now I've gained some insight into
this<00:02:29.180> I've<00:02:29.330> been<00:02:29.510> the<00:02:29.690> track<00:02:30.110> chair<00:02:30.380> for<00:02:30.560> the
this I've been the track chair for the
this I've been the track chair for the
medicine<00:02:31.010> portion<00:02:31.820> of<00:02:32.360> a<00:02:32.570> new<00:02:32.690> institution
medicine portion of a new institution
medicine portion of a new institution
called<00:02:33.320> singularity<00:02:33.980> University<00:02:34.459> based<00:02:34.970> in
called singularity University based in
called singularity University based in
Silicon<00:02:35.480> Valley<00:02:35.540> and<00:02:36.019> we<00:02:36.500> bring<00:02:36.709> together
Silicon Valley and we bring together
Silicon Valley and we bring together
each<00:02:37.220> summer<00:02:37.459> about<00:02:37.700> 100<00:02:38.209> very<00:02:38.420> talented
each summer about 100 very talented
each summer about 100 very talented
students<00:02:39.110> from<00:02:39.140> around<00:02:39.350> the<00:02:39.500> world<00:02:39.620> and<00:02:39.950> we
students from around the world and we
students from around the world and we
look<00:02:40.430> at<00:02:40.580> these<00:02:40.670> exponential<00:02:41.150> technologies
look at these exponential technologies
look at these exponential technologies
from<00:02:41.720> medicine<00:02:42.049> biotech<00:02:42.470> artificial
from medicine biotech artificial
from medicine biotech artificial
intelligence<00:02:43.280> robotics<00:02:43.570> nanotechnology
intelligence robotics nanotechnology
intelligence robotics nanotechnology
space<00:02:44.840> and<00:02:45.110> address<00:02:45.950> how<00:02:46.160> could<00:02:46.549> cross<00:02:46.820> train
space and address how could cross train
space and address how could cross train
and<00:02:47.330> leverage<00:02:47.840> these<00:02:47.959> to<00:02:48.170> impact<00:02:48.440> major<00:02:49.280> unmet
and leverage these to impact major unmet
and leverage these to impact major unmet
goals<00:02:49.670> we<00:02:50.000> also<00:02:50.150> have<00:02:50.390> seven-day<00:02:51.049> executive
goals we also have seven-day executive
goals we also have seven-day executive
programs<00:02:51.890> and<00:02:52.160> coming<00:02:52.640> up<00:02:52.760> next<00:02:53.180> month<00:02:53.299> is
programs and coming up next month is
programs and coming up next month is
actually<00:02:53.630> future<00:02:54.350> mat<00:02:54.500> a<00:02:54.530> program<00:02:54.950> to<00:02:55.280> help
actually future mat a program to help
actually future mat a program to help
cross<00:02:55.640> train<00:02:55.850> and<00:02:56.000> leverage<00:02:56.299> technologies
cross train and leverage technologies
cross train and leverage technologies
into<00:02:57.290> medicine<00:02:57.530> now<00:02:58.280> I<00:02:58.519> mentioned<00:02:59.120> the<00:02:59.180> phone
into medicine now I mentioned the phone
into medicine now I mentioned the phone
these<00:02:59.660> mobile<00:03:00.019> phones<00:03:00.049> have<00:03:00.320> over<00:03:00.620> I<00:03:00.769> think
these mobile phones have over I think
these mobile phones have over I think
20,000<00:03:01.670> different<00:03:01.730> mobile<00:03:02.120> apps<00:03:02.299> available
20,000 different mobile apps available
20,000 different mobile apps available
to<00:03:03.170> the<00:03:03.260> point<00:03:03.440> where<00:03:03.590> there's<00:03:03.739> one<00:03:03.860> out<00:03:04.130> of
to the point where there's one out of
to the point where there's one out of
the<00:03:04.310> UK<00:03:04.610> where<00:03:04.820> you<00:03:04.910> can<00:03:05.060> pee<00:03:05.480> in<00:03:05.510> a<00:03:05.630> little
the UK where you can pee in a little
the UK where you can pee in a little
chip<00:03:06.020> connect<00:03:06.349> it<00:03:06.470> to<00:03:06.530> your<00:03:06.590> iPhone<00:03:06.860> and<00:03:07.010> check
chip connect it to your iPhone and check
chip connect it to your iPhone and check
yourself<00:03:07.520> for<00:03:07.730> an<00:03:07.880> STD<00:03:08.090> and
yourself for an STD and
yourself for an STD and
I<00:03:08.870> try<00:03:09.080> that<00:03:09.230> yet<00:03:09.379> but<00:03:09.530> that's<00:03:10.010> available
I try that yet but that's available
I try that yet but that's available
there<00:03:11.239> other<00:03:11.660> sorts<00:03:11.900> of<00:03:11.930> applications
there other sorts of applications
there other sorts of applications
merging<00:03:12.800> your<00:03:12.830> phone<00:03:13.160> and<00:03:13.370> diagnostics<00:03:13.940> for
merging your phone and diagnostics for
merging your phone and diagnostics for
example<00:03:14.420> measuring<00:03:14.900> your<00:03:14.989> blood<00:03:15.050> glucose<00:03:15.560> on
example measuring your blood glucose on
example measuring your blood glucose on
your<00:03:15.980> iPhone<00:03:16.280> and<00:03:16.459> sending<00:03:16.970> that<00:03:17.090> Prudential
your iPhone and sending that Prudential
your iPhone and sending that Prudential
e<00:03:17.629> to<00:03:17.780> your<00:03:17.900> physician<00:03:18.349> so<00:03:18.530> they<00:03:18.980> can<00:03:19.099> better
e to your physician so they can better
e to your physician so they can better
understand<00:03:19.670> and<00:03:19.910> you<00:03:20.330> can<00:03:20.480> better<00:03:20.629> understand
understand and you can better understand
understand and you can better understand
your<00:03:21.590> blood<00:03:21.920> sugars<00:03:22.220> as<00:03:22.370> a<00:03:22.400> diabetic<00:03:22.760> so<00:03:23.569> let's
your blood sugars as a diabetic so let's
your blood sugars as a diabetic so let's
see<00:03:24.140> now<00:03:24.530> how<00:03:24.709> exponential<00:03:25.250> technologies<00:03:25.700> are
see now how exponential technologies are
see now how exponential technologies are
taking<00:03:26.150> healthcare<00:03:26.480> let's<00:03:26.599> start<00:03:26.780> with
taking healthcare let's start with
taking healthcare let's start with
faster<00:03:27.319> well<00:03:27.830> it's<00:03:27.920> no<00:03:28.099> secret<00:03:28.310> that
faster well it's no secret that
faster well it's no secret that
computers<00:03:29.060> through<00:03:29.330> Moore's<00:03:29.540> law<00:03:29.810> are
computers through Moore's law are
computers through Moore's law are
speeding<00:03:30.739> up<00:03:30.860> faster<00:03:31.310> and<00:03:31.340> faster<00:03:31.549> we<00:03:31.879> have
speeding up faster and faster we have
speeding up faster and faster we have
the<00:03:32.060> ability<00:03:32.360> to<00:03:32.390> do<00:03:32.510> more<00:03:32.720> powerful<00:03:33.530> things
the ability to do more powerful things
the ability to do more powerful things
with<00:03:33.860> them<00:03:33.980> they're<00:03:34.129> really<00:03:34.280> approaching<00:03:35.030> in
with them they're really approaching in
with them they're really approaching in
many<00:03:35.510> cases<00:03:35.870> surpassing<00:03:36.530> the<00:03:36.890> ability<00:03:37.220> of<00:03:37.310> the
many cases surpassing the ability of the
many cases surpassing the ability of the
human<00:03:37.489> mind<00:03:37.790> but<00:03:38.239> what<00:03:38.360> I<00:03:38.390> think
human mind but what I think
human mind but what I think
computational<00:03:39.230> speed<00:03:39.319> is<00:03:39.530> most<00:03:39.739> applicable
computational speed is most applicable
computational speed is most applicable
is<00:03:40.400> that<00:03:40.880> of<00:03:41.060> imaging<00:03:41.540> the<00:03:42.410> ability<00:03:42.739> now<00:03:42.860> to
is that of imaging the ability now to
is that of imaging the ability now to
look<00:03:43.130> inside<00:03:43.280> the<00:03:43.459> body<00:03:43.700> in<00:03:43.910> real<00:03:44.120> time<00:03:44.390> with
look inside the body in real time with
look inside the body in real time with
very<00:03:45.170> high<00:03:45.349> resolution<00:03:45.380> is<00:03:46.099> really<00:03:46.670> becoming
very high resolution is really becoming
very high resolution is really becoming
incredible<00:03:47.569> we're<00:03:47.720> layering<00:03:48.170> multiple
incredible we're layering multiple
incredible we're layering multiple
technologies<00:03:48.920> PET<00:03:49.190> scan<00:03:49.489> CT<00:03:49.819> scans<00:03:50.329> and
technologies PET scan CT scans and
technologies PET scan CT scans and
molecular<00:03:51.640> diagnostics<00:03:52.640> to<00:03:52.970> find<00:03:53.269> and<00:03:53.629> seek
molecular diagnostics to find and seek
molecular diagnostics to find and seek
things<00:03:54.200> at<00:03:54.319> different<00:03:54.379> levels<00:03:54.829> here<00:03:55.819> you're
things at different levels here you're
things at different levels here you're
going<00:03:56.090> to<00:03:56.150> see<00:03:56.239> the<00:03:56.329> very<00:03:56.450> highest<00:03:56.750> resolution
going to see the very highest resolution
going to see the very highest resolution
MRI<00:03:57.650> scan<00:03:57.980> done<00:03:58.459> to<00:03:58.610> date<00:03:58.760> reconstructed<00:03:59.510> of
MRI scan done to date reconstructed of
MRI scan done to date reconstructed of
Bartho<00:04:00.560> -<00:04:00.769> the<00:04:00.980> curator<00:04:01.340> of<00:04:01.370> TEDMED<00:04:01.579> and<00:04:02.000> now
Bartho - the curator of TEDMED and now
Bartho - the curator of TEDMED and now
we<00:04:02.299> can<00:04:02.510> see<00:04:02.660> inside<00:04:03.019> of<00:04:03.079> the<00:04:03.319> brain<00:04:03.650> at<00:04:04.129> a
we can see inside of the brain at a
we can see inside of the brain at a
resolution<00:04:04.610> and<00:04:04.910> ability<00:04:05.269> that<00:04:05.299> was<00:04:05.510> never
resolution and ability that was never
resolution and ability that was never
before<00:04:05.840> available<00:04:06.110> and<00:04:06.590> essentially<00:04:07.400> learn
before available and essentially learn
before available and essentially learn
how<00:04:07.579> to<00:04:07.610> reconstruct<00:04:08.329> and<00:04:08.510> maybe<00:04:08.629> even
how to reconstruct and maybe even
how to reconstruct and maybe even
re-engineer<00:04:10.099> or<00:04:10.879> backwards<00:04:11.420> engineer<00:04:11.870> the
re-engineer or backwards engineer the
re-engineer or backwards engineer the
brain<00:04:12.170> so<00:04:12.319> we<00:04:12.349> can<00:04:12.560> better<00:04:12.709> understand
brain so we can better understand
brain so we can better understand
pathology<00:04:13.970> disease<00:04:14.299> and<00:04:14.600> therapy<00:04:15.230> we<00:04:15.680> can
pathology disease and therapy we can
pathology disease and therapy we can
look<00:04:15.950> at<00:04:16.039> side<00:04:16.250> with<00:04:16.489> real-time<00:04:16.940> fMRI<00:04:17.419> in<00:04:17.600> the
look at side with real-time fMRI in the
look at side with real-time fMRI in the
brain<00:04:17.870> at<00:04:17.989> real-time<00:04:18.350> and<00:04:18.650> by<00:04:19.160> understanding
brain at real-time and by understanding
brain at real-time and by understanding
these<00:04:20.299> sorts<00:04:20.539> of<00:04:20.600> processes<00:04:21.079> in<00:04:21.229> these
these sorts of processes in these
these sorts of processes in these
connections<00:04:21.769> we're<00:04:22.310> going<00:04:22.430> to<00:04:22.490> understand
connections we're going to understand
connections we're going to understand
the<00:04:22.850> effects<00:04:23.090> of<00:04:23.300> medication<00:04:24.229> or<00:04:24.349> meditation
the effects of medication or meditation
the effects of medication or meditation
and<00:04:25.220> better<00:04:25.610> personalize<00:04:26.180> and<00:04:26.479> make
and better personalize and make
and better personalize and make
effective<00:04:27.050> for<00:04:27.169> example<00:04:27.500> psychoactive<00:04:28.430> drugs
effective for example psychoactive drugs
effective for example psychoactive drugs
the<00:04:29.660> scanners<00:04:30.050> for<00:04:30.169> these<00:04:30.289> are<00:04:30.410> getting
the scanners for these are getting
the scanners for these are getting
smaller<00:04:30.889> and<00:04:31.039> less<00:04:31.130> expensive<00:04:31.610> and<00:04:31.729> more
smaller and less expensive and more
smaller and less expensive and more
portable<00:04:32.240> and<00:04:32.740> this<00:04:33.740> sort<00:04:33.950> of<00:04:33.979> data<00:04:34.340> explosion
portable and this sort of data explosion
portable and this sort of data explosion
available<00:04:35.300> from<00:04:35.389> these<00:04:35.539> is<00:04:35.720> really<00:04:35.990> almost
available from these is really almost
available from these is really almost
becoming<00:04:36.919> a<00:04:36.979> challenge<00:04:37.160> the<00:04:37.700> scan<00:04:38.000> of<00:04:38.030> today
becoming a challenge the scan of today
becoming a challenge the scan of today
takes<00:04:38.750> up<00:04:38.870> about<00:04:38.960> 800<00:04:39.440> books<00:04:39.590> or<00:04:39.800> 20<00:04:40.250> gigabytes
takes up about 800 books or 20 gigabytes
takes up about 800 books or 20 gigabytes
the<00:04:41.060> scan<00:04:41.330> of<00:04:41.360> just<00:04:41.630> in<00:04:41.720> a<00:04:41.780> couple<00:04:41.900> years<00:04:42.020> will
the scan of just in a couple years will
the scan of just in a couple years will
be<00:04:42.349> one<00:04:42.530> terabyte<00:04:42.950> or<00:04:43.130> 800,000<00:04:43.880> books<00:04:44.030> how<00:04:44.360> do
be one terabyte or 800,000 books how do
be one terabyte or 800,000 books how do
we<00:04:44.479> leverage<00:04:44.780> the<00:04:44.930> information<00:04:45.229> let's<00:04:46.220> get
we leverage the information let's get
we leverage the information let's get
personal<00:04:46.520> I<00:04:46.880> won't<00:04:47.360> ask<00:04:47.479> you<00:04:47.599> here's<00:04:47.930> how<00:04:48.020> to
personal I won't ask you here's how to
personal I won't ask you here's how to
colonoscopy<00:04:48.710> but<00:04:48.830> if<00:04:48.950> you're<00:04:49.099> over<00:04:49.220> age<00:04:49.370> 50
colonoscopy but if you're over age 50
colonoscopy but if you're over age 50
it's<00:04:49.849> time<00:04:50.000> for<00:04:50.150> your<00:04:50.240> screening<00:04:50.539> colonoscopy
it's time for your screening colonoscopy
it's time for your screening colonoscopy
how<00:04:51.530> would<00:04:51.650> you<00:04:51.740> like<00:04:51.889> to<00:04:51.919> avoid<00:04:52.190> the<00:04:52.669> pointy
how would you like to avoid the pointy
how would you like to avoid the pointy
end<00:04:53.120> of<00:04:53.210> the<00:04:53.300> stick<00:04:53.539> well<00:04:53.810> now<00:04:54.349> there's
end of the stick well now there's
end of the stick well now there's
essentially<00:04:54.860> virtual<00:04:55.490> colonoscopy<00:04:56.360> compare
essentially virtual colonoscopy compare
essentially virtual colonoscopy compare
those<00:04:57.349> two<00:04:57.470> pictures<00:04:57.650> and<00:04:58.010> now<00:04:58.070> as<00:04:58.220> the
those two pictures and now as the
those two pictures and now as the
radiologist<00:04:58.849> you<00:04:59.090> can<00:04:59.240> Sochi<00:04:59.389> fly<00:04:59.750> through
radiologist you can Sochi fly through
radiologist you can Sochi fly through
your<00:05:00.139> patients<00:05:00.470> calling<00:05:00.740> and<00:05:00.919> augmenting
your patients calling and augmenting
your patients calling and augmenting
that<00:05:01.880> with<00:05:02.000> artificial<00:05:02.240> intelligence
that with artificial intelligence
that with artificial intelligence
identify<00:05:03.470> potential<00:05:03.860> as<00:05:03.950> you<00:05:04.010> see<00:05:04.190> here<00:05:04.370> a
identify potential as you see here a
identify potential as you see here a
lesion<00:05:04.610> that<00:05:04.880> we<00:05:05.210> might<00:05:05.360> have<00:05:05.450> missed<00:05:05.599> it<00:05:05.810> but
lesion that we might have missed it but
lesion that we might have missed it but
using<00:05:06.410> AI<00:05:06.710> on<00:05:07.099> top<00:05:07.310> of<00:05:07.490> radiology<00:05:08.060> we<00:05:08.150> can<00:05:08.270> find
using AI on top of radiology we can find
using AI on top of radiology we can find
lesions<00:05:08.750> that<00:05:08.870> were<00:05:08.930> missed<00:05:09.110> before<00:05:09.440> and
lesions that were missed before and
lesions that were missed before and
maybe<00:05:10.099> this<00:05:10.280> will<00:05:10.400> encourage<00:05:10.610> people<00:05:10.849> to<00:05:11.120> get
maybe this will encourage people to get
maybe this will encourage people to get
colonoscopies<00:05:11.780> that<00:05:12.139> wouldn't<00:05:12.380> have
colonoscopies that wouldn't have
colonoscopies that wouldn't have
otherwise<00:05:12.620> and<00:05:13.520> this<00:05:13.610> is<00:05:13.729> an<00:05:13.820> example<00:05:14.060> this
otherwise and this is an example this
otherwise and this is an example this
paradigm<00:05:14.720> shift<00:05:14.750> we're<00:05:15.080> moving<00:05:15.260> to<00:05:15.349> this
paradigm shift we're moving to this
paradigm shift we're moving to this
integration<00:05:16.039> of<00:05:16.280> biomedicine<00:05:16.940> information
integration of biomedicine information
integration of biomedicine information
technology<00:05:18.229> wireless<00:05:18.469> and<00:05:18.860> I<00:05:18.979> would<00:05:19.130> say
technology wireless and I would say
technology wireless and I would say
mobile<00:05:19.520> now
mobile now
mobile now
this<00:05:20.339> era<00:05:20.580> of<00:05:20.759> digital<00:05:20.939> medicine<00:05:21.360> so<00:05:21.569> even<00:05:21.779> my
this era of digital medicine so even my
this era of digital medicine so even my
stethoscope<00:05:22.110> is<00:05:22.740> now<00:05:22.919> digital<00:05:23.249> and<00:05:23.369> of<00:05:23.430> course
stethoscope is now digital and of course
stethoscope is now digital and of course
there's<00:05:23.969> an<00:05:24.089> app<00:05:24.240> for<00:05:24.479> that<00:05:25.369> we're<00:05:26.369> moving
there's an app for that we're moving
there's an app for that we're moving
obviously<00:05:26.939> to<00:05:27.029> the<00:05:27.119> era<00:05:27.270> of<00:05:27.360> the<00:05:27.749> tricorder
obviously to the era of the tricorder
obviously to the era of the tricorder
so<00:05:28.589> the<00:05:29.069> handheld<00:05:29.729> ultrasound<00:05:29.939> is<00:05:30.569> facially
so the handheld ultrasound is facially
so the handheld ultrasound is facially
surpassing<00:05:31.499> and<00:05:31.649> supplanting<00:05:32.399> the
surpassing and supplanting the
surpassing and supplanting the
stethoscope<00:05:32.999> these<00:05:33.749> are<00:05:33.869> now<00:05:33.990> at<00:05:34.080> a<00:05:34.139> price
stethoscope these are now at a price
stethoscope these are now at a price
point<00:05:34.589> of<00:05:34.619> what<00:05:34.770> used<00:05:34.919> to<00:05:35.009> be<00:05:35.069> a<00:05:35.399> hundred
point of what used to be a hundred
point of what used to be a hundred
thousand<00:05:36.119> euros<00:05:36.210> or<00:05:36.479> a<00:05:36.509> couple<00:05:36.629> hundred
thousand euros or a couple hundred
thousand euros or a couple hundred
thousand<00:05:37.349> dollars<00:05:37.379> for<00:05:37.979> about<00:05:38.099> five<00:05:38.309> thousand
thousand dollars for about five thousand
thousand dollars for about five thousand
dollars<00:05:38.729> I<00:05:38.969> can<00:05:39.059> have<00:05:39.149> the<00:05:39.210> power<00:05:39.360> with<00:05:39.899> very
dollars I can have the power with very
dollars I can have the power with very
powerful<00:05:40.319> diagnostic<00:05:41.309> device<00:05:41.520> in<00:05:41.699> my<00:05:41.729> hand
powerful diagnostic device in my hand
powerful diagnostic device in my hand
and<00:05:42.409> merging<00:05:43.409> this<00:05:43.529> now<00:05:43.710> with<00:05:43.949> the<00:05:44.069> advent<00:05:44.580> of
and merging this now with the advent of
and merging this now with the advent of
electronic<00:05:44.849> medical<00:05:45.509> records<00:05:45.839> in<00:05:45.990> the<00:05:46.259> United
electronic medical records in the United
electronic medical records in the United
States<00:05:46.710> we're<00:05:46.860> still<00:05:47.039> less<00:05:47.189> than<00:05:47.309> 20%
States we're still less than 20%
States we're still less than 20%
electronic<00:05:48.749> here<00:05:48.960> in<00:05:49.169> the<00:05:49.259> Netherlands<00:05:49.619> I
electronic here in the Netherlands I
electronic here in the Netherlands I
think<00:05:49.919> it's<00:05:50.009> more<00:05:50.189> than<00:05:50.279> 80%<00:05:50.909> but<00:05:51.240> now<00:05:51.330> that
think it's more than 80% but now that
think it's more than 80% but now that
we're<00:05:51.539> switching<00:05:51.779> to<00:05:52.139> merging<00:05:52.740> medical<00:05:53.039> data
we're switching to merging medical data
we're switching to merging medical data
making<00:05:53.460> it<00:05:53.639> available<00:05:53.909> electronically<00:05:54.809> we
making it available electronically we
making it available electronically we
can<00:05:55.139> crowdsource<00:05:55.319> that<00:05:55.649> information<00:05:56.099> and<00:05:56.249> now
can crowdsource that information and now
can crowdsource that information and now
as<00:05:56.759> a<00:05:56.789> physician<00:05:57.210> I<00:05:57.360> can<00:05:57.719> access<00:05:58.020> my<00:05:58.080> patients
as a physician I can access my patients
as a physician I can access my patients
data<00:05:58.710> from<00:05:59.129> wherever<00:05:59.279> I<00:05:59.460> am<00:05:59.699> just<00:06:00.360> through<00:06:00.539> my
data from wherever I am just through my
data from wherever I am just through my
mobile<00:06:00.899> device
mobile device
mobile device
and<00:06:01.409> now<00:06:02.219> of<00:06:02.370> course<00:06:02.399> we're<00:06:02.819> in<00:06:02.849> the<00:06:02.909> era<00:06:03.089> of
and now of course we're in the era of
and now of course we're in the era of
the<00:06:03.270> iPad<00:06:03.689> even<00:06:03.960> the<00:06:04.229> iPad<00:06:04.499> 2<00:06:04.740> and<00:06:04.949> just<00:06:05.309> last
the iPad even the iPad 2 and just last
the iPad even the iPad 2 and just last
month<00:06:05.759> the<00:06:05.879> first<00:06:06.029> fda-approved<00:06:06.539> application
month the first fda-approved application
month the first fda-approved application
was<00:06:07.469> approved<00:06:07.649> to<00:06:08.219> allow<00:06:08.370> radiologists<00:06:08.969> to<00:06:09.029> do
was approved to allow radiologists to do
was approved to allow radiologists to do
actual<00:06:09.419> reading<00:06:10.349> on<00:06:10.499> these<00:06:10.830> sorts<00:06:11.039> of<00:06:11.069> devices
actual reading on these sorts of devices
actual reading on these sorts of devices
so<00:06:12.270> certainly<00:06:12.749> the<00:06:12.959> physicians<00:06:13.289> of<00:06:13.409> the<00:06:13.439> day
so certainly the physicians of the day
so certainly the physicians of the day
including<00:06:13.830> myself<00:06:13.949> are<00:06:14.249> completely<00:06:14.939> reliable
including myself are completely reliable
including myself are completely reliable
on<00:06:15.360> these<00:06:15.479> devices<00:06:15.930> and<00:06:16.080> as<00:06:16.409> you<00:06:16.499> saw<00:06:16.649> just
on these devices and as you saw just
on these devices and as you saw just
about<00:06:17.039> a<00:06:17.099> month<00:06:17.339> ago<00:06:17.569> Watson<00:06:18.569> from<00:06:18.809> IBM<00:06:19.289> beat
about a month ago Watson from IBM beat
about a month ago Watson from IBM beat
the<00:06:19.979> two<00:06:20.099> champions<00:06:20.309> in<00:06:20.639> jeopardy<00:06:20.789> so<00:06:21.029> I<00:06:21.360> want
the two champions in jeopardy so I want
the two champions in jeopardy so I want
you<00:06:21.659> to<00:06:21.719> imagine<00:06:21.809> we're<00:06:22.139> in<00:06:22.199> a<00:06:22.259> couple<00:06:22.499> years
you to imagine we're in a couple years
you to imagine we're in a couple years
we<00:06:23.129> start<00:06:23.399> to<00:06:23.490> apply<00:06:23.610> this<00:06:23.699> cloud-based
we start to apply this cloud-based
we start to apply this cloud-based
information<00:06:24.870> well<00:06:25.409> we<00:06:25.529> really<00:06:25.709> have<00:06:25.830> the<00:06:25.919> AI
information well we really have the AI
information well we really have the AI
physician<00:06:26.699> and<00:06:26.879> leverage<00:06:27.389> our<00:06:27.509> own<00:06:27.629> brains
physician and leverage our own brains
physician and leverage our own brains
and<00:06:27.959> connectivity<00:06:28.259> to<00:06:28.589> make<00:06:29.039> decisions<00:06:29.580> and
and connectivity to make decisions and
and connectivity to make decisions and
diagnostics<00:06:30.419> at<00:06:30.749> a<00:06:30.839> level<00:06:31.080> never<00:06:31.259> done<00:06:31.939> RT
diagnostics at a level never done RT
diagnostics at a level never done RT
today<00:06:33.209> you<00:06:33.270> don't<00:06:33.479> need<00:06:33.599> to<00:06:33.689> go<00:06:33.870> to<00:06:34.080> visit<00:06:34.199> your
today you don't need to go to visit your
today you don't need to go to visit your
physician<00:06:34.740> in<00:06:34.830> many<00:06:34.949> cases<00:06:35.249> only<00:06:35.370> about<00:06:35.550> 20%
physician in many cases only about 20%
physician in many cases only about 20%
of<00:06:36.389> actual<00:06:36.629> visits<00:06:36.899> you<00:06:36.990> need<00:06:37.139> to<00:06:37.199> lay<00:06:37.349> hands
of actual visits you need to lay hands
of actual visits you need to lay hands
on<00:06:37.769> the<00:06:37.889> patient<00:06:38.039> we're<00:06:38.639> now<00:06:38.729> in<00:06:38.849> the<00:06:38.909> era<00:06:39.059> of
on the patient we're now in the era of
on the patient we're now in the era of
virtual<00:06:39.509> visits<00:06:40.169> from<00:06:40.649> sort<00:06:41.009> of<00:06:41.039> the<00:06:41.099> Skype
virtual visits from sort of the Skype
virtual visits from sort of the Skype
type<00:06:41.699> visits<00:06:42.059> you<00:06:42.180> can<00:06:42.300> do<00:06:42.419> with<00:06:42.599> American
type visits you can do with American
type visits you can do with American
well<00:06:43.199> to<00:06:43.769> Cisco<00:06:44.129> that's<00:06:44.249> developed<00:06:44.669> a<00:06:44.729> very
well to Cisco that's developed a very
well to Cisco that's developed a very
complex<00:06:45.330> health<00:06:45.779> presence<00:06:46.169> system<00:06:46.469> the
complex health presence system the
complex health presence system the
ability<00:06:47.009> to<00:06:47.039> interact<00:06:47.399> with<00:06:47.459> your<00:06:47.699> healthcare
ability to interact with your healthcare
ability to interact with your healthcare
provider<00:06:48.330> is<00:06:48.779> different<00:06:49.169> and<00:06:49.319> these<00:06:49.589> are<00:06:49.740> on
provider is different and these are on
provider is different and these are on
being<00:06:50.009> augmented<00:06:50.099> even<00:06:50.580> by<00:06:50.669> our<00:06:50.759> devices
being augmented even by our devices
being augmented even by our devices
again<00:06:51.330> today<00:06:51.599> here<00:06:52.050> my<00:06:52.199> friend<00:06:52.439> Jessica<00:06:52.620> sent
again today here my friend Jessica sent
again today here my friend Jessica sent
me<00:06:53.009> a<00:06:53.039> picture<00:06:53.219> of<00:06:53.339> her<00:06:53.490> head<00:06:53.729> laceration<00:06:54.059> so<00:06:54.719> I
me a picture of her head laceration so I
me a picture of her head laceration so I
can<00:06:54.990> save<00:06:55.169> her<00:06:55.289> a<00:06:55.319> trip<00:06:55.439> to<00:06:55.559> the<00:06:55.649> emergency
can save her a trip to the emergency
can save her a trip to the emergency
room<00:06:56.069> I<00:06:56.129> can<00:06:56.279> do<00:06:56.370> some<00:06:56.519> Diagnostics<00:06:56.639> in<00:06:57.149> that
room I can do some Diagnostics in that
room I can do some Diagnostics in that
way<00:06:57.360> or<00:06:57.539> might<00:06:58.110> we<00:06:58.229> be<00:06:58.259> able<00:06:58.439> to<00:06:58.499> leverage
way or might we be able to leverage
way or might we be able to leverage
today's<00:06:59.219> gaming<00:06:59.819> technology<00:07:00.449> like<00:07:00.569> the
today's gaming technology like the
today's gaming technology like the
Microsoft<00:07:01.080> Kinect<00:07:01.229> and<00:07:01.620> hack<00:07:02.039> that<00:07:02.309> to<00:07:02.519> enable
Microsoft Kinect and hack that to enable
Microsoft Kinect and hack that to enable
let's<00:07:03.300> say<00:07:03.419> Diagnostics<00:07:04.110> for<00:07:04.199> example<00:07:04.559> in
let's say Diagnostics for example in
let's say Diagnostics for example in
diagnosing<00:07:05.069> stroke<00:07:05.399> using<00:07:05.849> simple<00:07:06.360> motion
diagnosing stroke using simple motion
diagnosing stroke using simple motion
detection<00:07:07.019> using<00:07:07.289> $100<00:07:08.009> devices<00:07:08.459> we<00:07:09.300> can
detection using $100 devices we can
detection using $100 devices we can
actually<00:07:09.569> now<00:07:09.959> visit<00:07:10.409> our<00:07:10.800> patients
actually now visit our patients
actually now visit our patients
robotically<00:07:12.180> this<00:07:12.539> is<00:07:12.689> the<00:07:12.809> rp7<00:07:13.529> if<00:07:13.620> I'm<00:07:13.709> a
robotically this is the rp7 if I'm a
robotically this is the rp7 if I'm a
hematologist<00:07:13.919> visit<00:07:14.519> another<00:07:14.729> clinic<00:07:14.999> for
hematologist visit another clinic for
hematologist visit another clinic for
visit<00:07:15.509> a<00:07:15.569> hospital<00:07:15.689> these<00:07:16.680> are<00:07:16.800> being
visit a hospital these are being
visit a hospital these are being
augmented<00:07:17.309> by<00:07:17.339> a<00:07:17.459> whole<00:07:17.699> suite<00:07:17.999> of<00:07:18.029> tools
augmented by a whole suite of tools
augmented by a whole suite of tools
actually<00:07:18.599> in<00:07:18.689> the<00:07:18.809> home<00:07:18.990> now
actually in the home now
actually in the home now
so<00:07:19.769> imagine<00:07:20.039> we<00:07:20.370> already<00:07:20.639> have<00:07:20.759> wireless
so imagine we already have wireless
so imagine we already have wireless
scales<00:07:21.689> you<00:07:21.959> can<00:07:21.990> step<00:07:22.499> on<00:07:22.620> the<00:07:22.649> scale<00:07:22.919> you<00:07:22.949> can
scales you can step on the scale you can
scales you can step on the scale you can
tweet<00:07:23.430> your<00:07:23.550> way<00:07:23.669> to<00:07:23.729> your<00:07:23.879> friends<00:07:24.269> and<00:07:24.449> they
tweet your way to your friends and they
tweet your way to your friends and they
can<00:07:24.870> keep<00:07:25.139> you<00:07:25.229> in<00:07:25.319> line<00:07:25.379> we<00:07:26.189> out<00:07:26.279> wireless
can keep you in line we out wireless
can keep you in line we out wireless
blood<00:07:26.909> pressure<00:07:27.120> cuffs<00:07:27.389> a<00:07:27.479> whole<00:07:27.599> gamut<00:07:27.839> of
blood pressure cuffs a whole gamut of
blood pressure cuffs a whole gamut of
these<00:07:28.110> technologies<00:07:28.560> are<00:07:28.680> being<00:07:28.800> put
these technologies are being put
these technologies are being put
together<00:07:29.069> so<00:07:29.759> instead<00:07:30.060> of<00:07:30.120> wearing<00:07:30.479> these
together so instead of wearing these
together so instead of wearing these
glue<00:07:30.810> G<00:07:30.959> devices<00:07:31.379> we<00:07:31.740> can<00:07:31.769> put<00:07:32.099> on<00:07:32.189> a<00:07:32.219> simple
glue G devices we can put on a simple
glue G devices we can put on a simple
this<00:07:32.979> is<00:07:33.069> developed<00:07:33.400> by<00:07:33.460> colleagues<00:07:33.849> at
this is developed by colleagues at
this is developed by colleagues at
Stanford<00:07:34.270> called<00:07:34.300> the<00:07:34.539> eye<00:07:34.569> rhythm
Stanford called the eye rhythm
Stanford called the eye rhythm
completely<00:07:35.710> supplants<00:07:36.220> the<00:07:36.610> prior
completely supplants the prior
completely supplants the prior
technology<00:07:37.300> and<00:07:37.479> a<00:07:37.539> much<00:07:37.690> lower<00:07:37.840> price<00:07:38.080> point
technology and a much lower price point
technology and a much lower price point
with<00:07:38.740> much<00:07:38.919> more<00:07:39.069> effective<00:07:39.520> 'ti<00:07:39.699> now<00:07:40.569> we're
with much more effective 'ti now we're
with much more effective 'ti now we're
also<00:07:40.990> in<00:07:41.169> the<00:07:41.229> ear<00:07:41.349> today<00:07:41.530> of<00:07:41.740> quantified<00:07:42.280> self
also in the ear today of quantified self
also in the ear today of quantified self
consumers<00:07:43.599> now<00:07:43.720> can<00:07:43.930> buy<00:07:44.050> basically
consumers now can buy basically
consumers now can buy basically
hundred-dollar<00:07:44.949> devices<00:07:45.430> like<00:07:45.520> this<00:07:45.639> little
hundred-dollar devices like this little
hundred-dollar devices like this little
Fitbit<00:07:46.240> I<00:07:46.419> can<00:07:46.750> measure<00:07:46.900> my<00:07:47.020> steps<00:07:47.470> my<00:07:47.590> caloric
Fitbit I can measure my steps my caloric
Fitbit I can measure my steps my caloric
outtake<00:07:48.430> I<00:07:48.610> can<00:07:48.910> get<00:07:49.030> insight<00:07:49.389> to<00:07:49.509> that<00:07:49.630> on<00:07:49.780> a
outtake I can get insight to that on a
outtake I can get insight to that on a
daily<00:07:49.990> basis<00:07:50.410> I<00:07:50.470> can<00:07:50.560> share<00:07:50.740> that<00:07:50.770> with<00:07:50.889> my
daily basis I can share that with my
daily basis I can share that with my
friends<00:07:51.190> with<00:07:51.490> my<00:07:51.580> physician
friends with my physician
friends with my physician
there's<00:07:52.660> watches<00:07:53.139> coming<00:07:53.410> now<00:07:53.500> that<00:07:53.530> I'll
there's watches coming now that I'll
there's watches coming now that I'll
measure<00:07:53.919> your<00:07:54.130> heart<00:07:54.250> rate<00:07:54.340> Zeo<00:07:55.000> sleep
measure your heart rate Zeo sleep
measure your heart rate Zeo sleep
monitors<00:07:55.720> all<00:07:55.960> suite<00:07:56.500> of<00:07:56.620> tools<00:07:56.830> that<00:07:56.979> can
monitors all suite of tools that can
monitors all suite of tools that can
able<00:07:57.310> get<00:07:57.430> a<00:07:57.490> leverage<00:07:57.819> and<00:07:57.940> have<00:07:58.030> insight
able get a leverage and have insight
able get a leverage and have insight
into<00:07:58.300> your<00:07:58.539> own<00:07:58.690> health<00:07:58.930> and<00:07:59.199> if<00:07:59.410> we<00:07:59.500> start<00:07:59.680> to
into your own health and if we start to
into your own health and if we start to
integrate<00:07:59.979> this<00:08:00.250> information<00:08:00.460> we're<00:08:01.120> going
integrate this information we're going
integrate this information we're going
to<00:08:01.300> know<00:08:01.360> better<00:08:01.539> what<00:08:01.750> to<00:08:01.840> do<00:08:01.960> with<00:08:02.110> it<00:08:02.259> and
to know better what to do with it and
to know better what to do with it and
how<00:08:02.650> better<00:08:02.830> to<00:08:02.949> have<00:08:03.310> insight<00:08:03.729> into<00:08:03.759> our<00:08:04.360> own
how better to have insight into our own
how better to have insight into our own
pathologies<00:08:05.530> health<00:08:06.009> and<00:08:06.220> wellness
pathologies health and wellness
pathologies health and wellness
there's<00:08:07.449> even<00:08:07.690> mirrors<00:08:08.050> today<00:08:08.199> I<00:08:08.349> can<00:08:08.530> pick<00:08:08.680> up
there's even mirrors today I can pick up
there's even mirrors today I can pick up
your<00:08:08.919> pulse<00:08:09.190> rate<00:08:09.430> and<00:08:09.639> I<00:08:09.940> would<00:08:10.060> argue<00:08:10.360> in<00:08:10.509> the
your pulse rate and I would argue in the
your pulse rate and I would argue in the
future<00:08:11.169> we'll<00:08:11.590> have<00:08:11.620> wearable<00:08:12.130> devices<00:08:12.340> in
future we'll have wearable devices in
future we'll have wearable devices in
our<00:08:12.669> clothes<00:08:12.970> modern<00:08:13.419> in<00:08:13.509> ourselves<00:08:13.650> 24/7<00:08:14.650> and
our clothes modern in ourselves 24/7 and
our clothes modern in ourselves 24/7 and
just<00:08:15.220> like<00:08:15.340> we<00:08:15.460> have<00:08:15.580> the<00:08:15.669> OnStar<00:08:16.090> system<00:08:16.270> in
just like we have the OnStar system in
just like we have the OnStar system in
cars<00:08:16.750> your<00:08:17.289> red<00:08:17.470> light<00:08:17.650> might<00:08:17.830> go<00:08:17.949> on<00:08:17.979> and<00:08:18.250> once
cars your red light might go on and once
cars your red light might go on and once
a<00:08:18.460> check<00:08:18.669> engine<00:08:18.819> light<00:08:19.000> it's<00:08:19.330> going<00:08:19.479> to<00:08:19.539> be
a check engine light it's going to be
a check engine light it's going to be
check<00:08:20.080> your<00:08:20.199> body<00:08:20.349> light<00:08:20.620> and<00:08:20.800> go<00:08:21.039> in<00:08:21.159> and<00:08:21.310> get
check your body light and go in and get
check your body light and go in and get
and<00:08:21.490> take<00:08:21.580> care<00:08:21.789> of<00:08:21.849> and<00:08:22.090> probably<00:08:22.930> in<00:08:23.229> a<00:08:23.259> few
and take care of and probably in a few
and take care of and probably in a few
years<00:08:23.590> we'll<00:08:23.680> check<00:08:23.889> in<00:08:24.009> to<00:08:24.099> your<00:08:24.190> mirror<00:08:24.520> and
years we'll check in to your mirror and
years we'll check in to your mirror and
it's<00:08:24.940> going<00:08:25.060> to<00:08:25.120> be<00:08:25.180> diagnosing<00:08:25.690> you<00:08:25.870> okay<00:08:27.539> for
it's going to be diagnosing you okay for
it's going to be diagnosing you okay for
those<00:08:28.659> of<00:08:28.720> you<00:08:28.960> with<00:08:29.110> with<00:08:29.740> kiddos<00:08:30.069> at<00:08:30.190> home
those of you with with kiddos at home
those of you with with kiddos at home
how<00:08:30.520> would<00:08:30.610> you<00:08:30.669> like<00:08:30.789> to<00:08:30.880> have<00:08:30.970> the<00:08:31.060> the
how would you like to have the the
how would you like to have the the
wireless<00:08:31.659> diaper<00:08:31.870> that<00:08:32.169> sir<00:08:32.349> supports<00:08:33.070> here
wireless diaper that sir supports here
wireless diaper that sir supports here
too<00:08:34.640> much<00:08:34.790> information<00:08:35.240> I<00:08:35.300> think<00:08:35.360> that<00:08:35.540> you
too much information I think that you
too much information I think that you
might<00:08:35.750> need<00:08:35.900> but<00:08:36.140> it's<00:08:36.320> it's<00:08:36.680> gonna<00:08:36.860> be<00:08:37.040> here
might need but it's it's gonna be here
might need but it's it's gonna be here
now<00:08:38.510> we've<00:08:39.020> heard<00:08:39.110> a<00:08:39.200> lot<00:08:39.260> today<00:08:39.380> about
now we've heard a lot today about
now we've heard a lot today about
technology<00:08:40.010> and<00:08:40.160> connection<00:08:41.120> and<00:08:41.300> I<00:08:41.570> think
technology and connection and I think
technology and connection and I think
actually<00:08:41.990> some<00:08:42.169> of<00:08:42.200> these<00:08:42.290> technologies<00:08:42.530> will
actually some of these technologies will
actually some of these technologies will
enable<00:08:42.950> us<00:08:43.100> to<00:08:43.160> be<00:08:43.280> more<00:08:43.490> connected<00:08:43.760> with<00:08:44.360> our
enable us to be more connected with our
enable us to be more connected with our
patients<00:08:44.900> and<00:08:44.960> take<00:08:45.140> more<00:08:45.290> time<00:08:45.530> and<00:08:45.890> actually
patients and take more time and actually
patients and take more time and actually
do<00:08:46.670> the<00:08:46.700> important<00:08:47.180> human<00:08:47.480> touch<00:08:47.630> elements<00:08:48.050> of
do the important human touch elements of
do the important human touch elements of
Medicine<00:08:48.530> as<00:08:48.650> augmented<00:08:49.130> by<00:08:49.490> these<00:08:49.760> sorts<00:08:49.940> of
Medicine as augmented by these sorts of
Medicine as augmented by these sorts of
technologies<00:08:50.090> now<00:08:50.990> we<00:08:51.110> talk<00:08:51.260> about
technologies now we talk about
technologies now we talk about
augmenting<00:08:51.950> the<00:08:52.040> patient<00:08:52.520> to<00:08:52.970> some<00:08:53.120> degree
augmenting the patient to some degree
augmenting the patient to some degree
how<00:08:53.510> about<00:08:53.690> augmenting<00:08:54.320> the<00:08:54.410> physician<00:08:54.800> we're
how about augmenting the physician we're
how about augmenting the physician we're
now<00:08:55.220> near<00:08:55.490> super<00:08:56.030> labeling<00:08:56.780> the<00:08:56.930> surgeon<00:08:57.320> who
now near super labeling the surgeon who
now near super labeling the surgeon who
can<00:08:57.440> now<00:08:57.620> go<00:08:57.740> inside<00:08:58.070> the<00:08:58.160> body<00:08:58.340> and<00:08:58.610> do<00:08:58.970> things
can now go inside the body and do things
can now go inside the body and do things
with<00:08:59.300> robotic<00:08:59.720> surgery<00:08:59.750> which<00:09:00.230> is<00:09:00.350> here<00:09:00.470> today
with robotic surgery which is here today
with robotic surgery which is here today
at<00:09:00.950> a<00:09:01.130> level<00:09:01.400> that<00:09:01.490> was<00:09:01.610> not<00:09:01.970> really<00:09:02.540> possible
at a level that was not really possible
at a level that was not really possible
even<00:09:03.470> five<00:09:03.620> years<00:09:03.650> ago<00:09:03.920> and<00:09:04.490> now<00:09:04.580> this<00:09:04.730> has
even five years ago and now this has
even five years ago and now this has
been<00:09:04.940> automated<00:09:05.240> further<00:09:05.750> layers<00:09:06.020> of
been automated further layers of
been automated further layers of
technology<00:09:06.680> like<00:09:06.710> augmented<00:09:07.580> reality<00:09:07.640> so<00:09:08.450> the
technology like augmented reality so the
technology like augmented reality so the
surgeon<00:09:08.840> can<00:09:08.930> see<00:09:09.110> inside<00:09:09.470> the<00:09:09.650> patient
surgeon can see inside the patient
surgeon can see inside the patient
through<00:09:10.610> their<00:09:10.790> lens<00:09:10.970> where<00:09:11.570> the<00:09:11.690> tumor<00:09:11.990> is
through their lens where the tumor is
through their lens where the tumor is
where<00:09:12.290> the<00:09:12.350> blood<00:09:12.500> vessels<00:09:12.530> are<00:09:12.920> this<00:09:13.490> can<00:09:13.670> be
where the blood vessels are this can be
where the blood vessels are this can be
integrated<00:09:14.240> with<00:09:14.510> decision<00:09:14.900> support<00:09:15.260> a
integrated with decision support a
integrated with decision support a
surgeon<00:09:15.890> in<00:09:15.980> New<00:09:16.010> York<00:09:16.280> and<00:09:16.460> be<00:09:16.550> helping<00:09:16.820> a
surgeon in New York and be helping a
surgeon in New York and be helping a
surgeon<00:09:17.630> in<00:09:17.720> Amsterdam<00:09:18.170> for<00:09:18.200> example<00:09:18.350> and
surgeon in Amsterdam for example and
surgeon in Amsterdam for example and
we're<00:09:19.430> entering<00:09:19.550> era<00:09:19.940> a<00:09:20.090> really<00:09:20.330> truly
we're entering era a really truly
we're entering era a really truly
scarless<00:09:21.380> surgery<00:09:21.710> called<00:09:22.010> notes<00:09:22.310> where<00:09:22.910> the
scarless surgery called notes where the
scarless surgery called notes where the
endoscope<00:09:23.510> robotic<00:09:23.930> endoscope<00:09:24.260> can<00:09:24.410> come<00:09:24.530> out
endoscope robotic endoscope can come out
endoscope robotic endoscope can come out
the<00:09:24.770> stomach<00:09:24.950> and<00:09:25.220> pull<00:09:25.730> out<00:09:25.820> that
the stomach and pull out that
the stomach and pull out that
gallbladder<00:09:26.150> all<00:09:26.570> on<00:09:26.990> a<00:09:27.050> scarless<00:09:27.500> wedding
gallbladder all on a scarless wedding
gallbladder all on a scarless wedding
and<00:09:28.490> robotically<00:09:29.060> and<00:09:29.270> this<00:09:29.360> is<00:09:29.450> called<00:09:29.660> notes
and robotically and this is called notes
and robotically and this is called notes
and<00:09:30.170> this<00:09:30.230> is<00:09:30.380> coming<00:09:30.800> basically<00:09:31.130> scarless
and this is coming basically scarless
and this is coming basically scarless
surgery<00:09:31.970> is<00:09:32.180> mediated<00:09:32.930> by<00:09:33.050> robotic<00:09:33.710> surgery
surgery is mediated by robotic surgery
surgery is mediated by robotic surgery
now<00:09:34.790> how<00:09:35.450> about<00:09:35.630> controlling<00:09:36.080> other<00:09:36.200> elements
now how about controlling other elements
now how about controlling other elements
for<00:09:36.710> those<00:09:36.830> who<00:09:36.980> have<00:09:37.130> disabilities
for those who have disabilities
for those who have disabilities
the<00:09:38.330> paraplegic<00:09:39.020> there's<00:09:39.380> the<00:09:39.500> ear<00:09:39.620> of<00:09:39.650> brain
the paraplegic there's the ear of brain
the paraplegic there's the ear of brain
computer<00:09:40.400> interface<00:09:40.760> or<00:09:40.940> BCI<00:09:41.200> where<00:09:42.200> chips
computer interface or BCI where chips
computer interface or BCI where chips
have<00:09:42.740> been<00:09:42.770> put<00:09:43.040> on<00:09:43.130> the<00:09:43.220> motor<00:09:43.370> cortex<00:09:43.760> of
have been put on the motor cortex of
have been put on the motor cortex of
completely<00:09:44.390> quadriplegic<00:09:45.200> patients<00:09:45.260> and
completely quadriplegic patients and
completely quadriplegic patients and
they<00:09:46.040> can<00:09:46.070> control<00:09:46.580> a<00:09:46.820> cursor<00:09:47.210> or<00:09:47.570> a
they can control a cursor or a
they can control a cursor or a
wheelchair<00:09:48.470> or<00:09:48.680> initially<00:09:49.160> a<00:09:49.220> robotic<00:09:49.610> arm
wheelchair or initially a robotic arm
wheelchair or initially a robotic arm
and<00:09:50.360> these<00:09:50.510> devices<00:09:50.930> are<00:09:51.020> getting<00:09:51.080> smaller
and these devices are getting smaller
and these devices are getting smaller
and<00:09:51.770> going<00:09:52.160> into<00:09:52.340> more<00:09:52.490> and<00:09:52.610> more<00:09:52.670> of<00:09:52.790> these
and going into more and more of these
and going into more and more of these
patients<00:09:53.180> still<00:09:53.300> in<00:09:53.420> clinical<00:09:53.540> trials<00:09:54.080> but
patients still in clinical trials but
patients still in clinical trials but
imagine<00:09:54.830> when<00:09:54.950> we<00:09:55.070> can<00:09:55.220> connect<00:09:55.550> these<00:09:55.700> for
imagine when we can connect these for
imagine when we can connect these for
example<00:09:56.450> to<00:09:56.570> the<00:09:56.660> amazing<00:09:56.870> bionic<00:09:57.560> limb<00:09:57.770> such
example to the amazing bionic limb such
example to the amazing bionic limb such
as<00:09:58.190> those<00:09:58.310> of<00:09:58.370> the<00:09:58.580> DECA<00:09:58.850> arm
as those of the DECA arm
as those of the DECA arm
built<00:09:59.660> by<00:09:59.750> Dean<00:09:59.960> Kaman<00:10:00.320> and<00:10:00.440> colleagues<00:10:00.770> which
built by Dean Kaman and colleagues which
built by Dean Kaman and colleagues which
has<00:10:01.070> 17<00:10:01.760> degrees<00:10:02.000> of<00:10:02.150> motion<00:10:02.480> and<00:10:02.630> freedom<00:10:02.990> and
has 17 degrees of motion and freedom and
has 17 degrees of motion and freedom and
can<00:10:03.530> allow<00:10:03.740> the<00:10:03.800> person<00:10:04.370> who's<00:10:04.580> lost<00:10:04.700> a<00:10:04.880> limb
can allow the person who's lost a limb
can allow the person who's lost a limb
to<00:10:05.150> have<00:10:05.240> much<00:10:05.750> higher<00:10:05.930> levels<00:10:06.290> of<00:10:06.380> dexterity
to have much higher levels of dexterity
to have much higher levels of dexterity
or<00:10:07.070> control<00:10:07.700> than<00:10:07.850> they've<00:10:08.300> had<00:10:08.360> in<00:10:08.540> the<00:10:08.600> past
or control than they've had in the past
or control than they've had in the past
so<00:10:09.680> we're<00:10:09.800> really<00:10:09.950> entering<00:10:10.370> the<00:10:10.460> era<00:10:10.610> of
so we're really entering the era of
so we're really entering the era of
wearable<00:10:11.440> robotics<00:10:12.440> actually<00:10:12.740> if<00:10:12.830> you
wearable robotics actually if you
wearable robotics actually if you
haven't<00:10:13.190> lost<00:10:13.340> a<00:10:13.490> limb<00:10:13.640> you've<00:10:13.760> had<00:10:13.850> a<00:10:13.880> stroke
haven't lost a limb you've had a stroke
haven't lost a limb you've had a stroke
for<00:10:14.480> example<00:10:14.870> you<00:10:15.170> can<00:10:15.320> wear<00:10:15.440> these<00:10:15.530> augmented
for example you can wear these augmented
for example you can wear these augmented
lambs<00:10:16.730> or<00:10:16.850> if<00:10:16.940> you're<00:10:17.300> a<00:10:17.360> paraplegic<00:10:17.780> like<00:10:18.200> I
lambs or if you're a paraplegic like I
lambs or if you're a paraplegic like I
visited<00:10:18.590> the<00:10:18.680> folks<00:10:18.890> at<00:10:19.100> Brooklyn<00:10:19.670> bionics
visited the folks at Brooklyn bionics
visited the folks at Brooklyn bionics
they've<00:10:20.420> developed<00:10:20.690> a<00:10:21.020> legs<00:10:21.260> I<00:10:21.410> took<00:10:21.590> this
they've developed a legs I took this
they've developed a legs I took this
video<00:10:21.800> last<00:10:22.070> week<00:10:22.220> here's<00:10:22.520> a<00:10:22.580> paraplegic
video last week here's a paraplegic
video last week here's a paraplegic
patient<00:10:23.660> actually<00:10:23.930> walking<00:10:24.380> by<00:10:25.010> strapping<00:10:25.340> on
patient actually walking by strapping on
patient actually walking by strapping on
these<00:10:25.790> exoskeletons<00:10:26.120> these<00:10:26.660> otherwise
these exoskeletons these otherwise
these exoskeletons these otherwise
complete<00:10:27.230> world's<00:10:27.560> you're<00:10:27.650> bound<00:10:27.860> and<00:10:28.070> now
complete world's you're bound and now
complete world's you're bound and now
this<00:10:28.520> is<00:10:28.640> the<00:10:28.730> early<00:10:29.030> era<00:10:29.240> of<00:10:29.450> wearable
this is the early era of wearable
this is the early era of wearable
robotics<00:10:30.170> and<00:10:30.380> I<00:10:30.890> think<00:10:31.100> by<00:10:31.340> leveraging<00:10:31.550> these
robotics and I think by leveraging these
robotics and I think by leveraging these
sorts<00:10:32.120> of<00:10:32.150> technologies<00:10:32.720> we're<00:10:33.230> going<00:10:33.380> to
sorts of technologies we're going to
sorts of technologies we're going to
change<00:10:33.710> the<00:10:33.860> definition<00:10:34.280> of<00:10:34.370> disability<00:10:34.490> to
change the definition of disability to
change the definition of disability to
in<00:10:35.390> some<00:10:35.570> cases<00:10:35.600> be<00:10:35.960> super<00:10:36.620> ability<00:10:37.010> or<00:10:37.190> super
in some cases be super ability or super
in some cases be super ability or super
enabling<00:10:37.880> this<00:10:38.000> is<00:10:38.090> Aimee<00:10:38.240> Mullins<00:10:38.450> who<00:10:38.720> lost
enabling this is Aimee Mullins who lost
enabling this is Aimee Mullins who lost
her<00:10:39.080> lower<00:10:39.470> limbs<00:10:39.740> as<00:10:40.010> a<00:10:40.340> young<00:10:40.520> child<00:10:40.790> and
her lower limbs as a young child and
her lower limbs as a young child and
Hugh<00:10:41.210> her<00:10:41.360> who<00:10:41.810> is<00:10:41.930> a<00:10:41.960> professor<00:10:42.530> at<00:10:42.710> MIT<00:10:42.770> who
Hugh her who is a professor at MIT who
Hugh her who is a professor at MIT who
lost<00:10:43.910> his<00:10:44.090> limbs<00:10:44.240> in<00:10:44.360> a<00:10:44.420> climbing<00:10:44.810> accident
lost his limbs in a climbing accident
lost his limbs in a climbing accident
and<00:10:45.690> now<00:10:45.810> both<00:10:46.110> of<00:10:46.230> these<00:10:46.290> can<00:10:46.500> climb<00:10:46.800> better
and now both of these can climb better
and now both of these can climb better
move<00:10:47.430> faster<00:10:47.820> swim<00:10:48.089> differently<00:10:48.510> with<00:10:48.899> their
move faster swim differently with their
move faster swim differently with their
prosthetics<00:10:49.589> than<00:10:50.430> us<00:10:50.579> normal<00:10:51.029> abled<00:10:51.300> persons
prosthetics than us normal abled persons
prosthetics than us normal abled persons
now<00:10:52.649> how<00:10:52.949> about<00:10:53.100> other<00:10:53.190> Exponential's
now how about other Exponential's
now how about other Exponential's
consider<00:10:54.120> the<00:10:54.209> obesity<00:10:54.540> trend<00:10:54.930> is
consider the obesity trend is
consider the obesity trend is
exponentially<00:10:55.649> going<00:10:56.010> in<00:10:56.100> the<00:10:56.160> wrong
exponentially going in the wrong
exponentially going in the wrong
direction<00:10:56.519> including<00:10:56.970> with<00:10:57.510> huge<00:10:57.779> costs<00:10:58.260> but
direction including with huge costs but
direction including with huge costs but
the<00:10:59.100> trend<00:10:59.339> in<00:10:59.430> medicine<00:10:59.760> actually<00:11:00.000> is<00:11:00.060> to<00:11:00.120> get
the trend in medicine actually is to get
the trend in medicine actually is to get
exponentially<00:11:00.839> smaller<00:11:01.470> so<00:11:02.190> a<00:11:02.430> few<00:11:02.730> examples
exponentially smaller so a few examples
exponentially smaller so a few examples
we're<00:11:03.300> now<00:11:03.389> in<00:11:03.510> the<00:11:03.600> era<00:11:03.720> of<00:11:03.779> Fantastic<00:11:04.320> Voyage
we're now in the era of Fantastic Voyage
we're now in the era of Fantastic Voyage
the<00:11:04.800> eye<00:11:04.829> pill<00:11:05.250> you<00:11:05.610> can<00:11:05.760> swallow<00:11:06.029> this
the eye pill you can swallow this
the eye pill you can swallow this
completely<00:11:06.750> integrated<00:11:07.139> device<00:11:07.410> it<00:11:07.800> can<00:11:07.949> take
completely integrated device it can take
completely integrated device it can take
pictures<00:11:08.370> of<00:11:08.399> your<00:11:08.519> GI<00:11:08.790> system<00:11:09.089> help<00:11:09.660> diagnose
pictures of your GI system help diagnose
pictures of your GI system help diagnose
and<00:11:10.350> treat<00:11:10.589> as<00:11:10.740> it<00:11:11.100> moves<00:11:11.279> through<00:11:11.339> your<00:11:11.490> GI
and treat as it moves through your GI
and treat as it moves through your GI
tract<00:11:11.970> we<00:11:12.420> need<00:11:12.540> to<00:11:12.600> even<00:11:12.750> smaller<00:11:13.199> micro
tract we need to even smaller micro
tract we need to even smaller micro
robots<00:11:14.250> that<00:11:14.399> will<00:11:14.490> eventually<00:11:14.639> autonomously
robots that will eventually autonomously
robots that will eventually autonomously
move<00:11:15.839> through<00:11:16.050> your<00:11:16.139> system<00:11:16.410> again<00:11:16.560> and<00:11:16.829> be
move through your system again and be
move through your system again and be
able<00:11:17.459> to<00:11:17.550> do<00:11:17.699> things<00:11:17.940> that<00:11:18.120> surgeons<00:11:18.839> can't<00:11:19.079> do
able to do things that surgeons can't do
able to do things that surgeons can't do
in<00:11:19.440> much<00:11:19.800> less<00:11:19.980> invasive<00:11:20.160> manner<00:11:20.579> sometimes
in much less invasive manner sometimes
in much less invasive manner sometimes
it<00:11:21.600> might<00:11:21.810> have<00:11:21.899> self-assemble<00:11:22.560> in<00:11:22.769> your<00:11:22.920> GI
it might have self-assemble in your GI
it might have self-assemble in your GI
system<00:11:23.339> and<00:11:23.670> be<00:11:23.820> augmented<00:11:24.180> that<00:11:24.510> reality<00:11:25.019> on
system and be augmented that reality on
system and be augmented that reality on
the<00:11:25.680> cardiac<00:11:26.010> side<00:11:26.279> pacemakers<00:11:26.910> are<00:11:27.060> getting
the cardiac side pacemakers are getting
the cardiac side pacemakers are getting
small<00:11:27.750> are<00:11:27.899> much<00:11:28.050> easier<00:11:28.290> to<00:11:28.860> place<00:11:29.100> so<00:11:29.310> you
small are much easier to place so you
small are much easier to place so you
don't<00:11:29.519> need<00:11:29.579> to<00:11:29.670> train<00:11:29.850> an<00:11:29.970> interventional
don't need to train an interventional
don't need to train an interventional
cardiologist<00:11:31.139> to<00:11:31.230> place<00:11:31.410> them<00:11:31.620> and<00:11:31.740> they're
cardiologist to place them and they're
cardiologist to place them and they're
going<00:11:32.310> to<00:11:32.399> be<00:11:32.459> wirelessly<00:11:33.000> to<00:11:33.449> limit<00:11:33.690> it<00:11:33.779> again
going to be wirelessly to limit it again
going to be wirelessly to limit it again
to<00:11:34.139> your<00:11:34.260> mobile<00:11:34.470> devices<00:11:34.709> so<00:11:35.040> you<00:11:35.070> can<00:11:35.220> go
to your mobile devices so you can go
to your mobile devices so you can go
places<00:11:35.670> and<00:11:36.029> be<00:11:36.720> monitored<00:11:37.139> remotely<00:11:37.380> these
places and be monitored remotely these
places and be monitored remotely these
are<00:11:38.130> shrinking<00:11:38.430> even<00:11:38.699> further<00:11:38.910> here's<00:11:39.240> one
are shrinking even further here's one
are shrinking even further here's one
that's<00:11:39.660> in<00:11:40.050> prototyping<00:11:40.620> by<00:11:40.740> Medtronic
that's in prototyping by Medtronic
that's in prototyping by Medtronic
that's<00:11:41.370> smaller<00:11:41.639> than<00:11:41.730> a<00:11:41.940> penny<00:11:42.320> artificial
that's smaller than a penny artificial
that's smaller than a penny artificial
retinas<00:11:43.649> the<00:11:43.800> ability<00:11:44.070> to<00:11:44.100> put<00:11:44.279> these<00:11:44.399> arrays
retinas the ability to put these arrays
retinas the ability to put these arrays
on<00:11:45.000> the<00:11:45.060> back<00:11:45.240> of<00:11:45.389> the<00:11:45.449> eyeball<00:11:45.839> and<00:11:45.870> allow<00:11:46.170> the
on the back of the eyeball and allow the
on the back of the eyeball and allow the
blind<00:11:46.560> to<00:11:46.680> see<00:11:46.889> again<00:11:47.490> in<00:11:47.579> early<00:11:47.699> trials<00:11:48.269> but
blind to see again in early trials but
blind to see again in early trials but
moving<00:11:49.019> into<00:11:49.110> the<00:11:49.230> future<00:11:49.320> these<00:11:49.889> are<00:11:49.980> going
moving into the future these are going
moving into the future these are going
to<00:11:50.160> be<00:11:50.220> gained<00:11:50.399> changing<00:11:50.940> or<00:11:51.089> for<00:11:51.360> those<00:11:51.420> of<00:11:51.600> us
to be gained changing or for those of us
to be gained changing or for those of us
who<00:11:51.839> are<00:11:51.899> sighted<00:11:52.110> how<00:11:52.620> about<00:11:52.800> having<00:11:52.949> the
who are sighted how about having the
who are sighted how about having the
assisted<00:11:53.610> living<00:11:53.639> contact<00:11:54.630> lens<00:11:54.839> Bluetooth
assisted living contact lens Bluetooth
assisted living contact lens Bluetooth
Wi-Fi<00:11:55.920> available<00:11:56.279> beams<00:11:57.120> back<00:11:57.329> images<00:11:57.810> to
Wi-Fi available beams back images to
Wi-Fi available beams back images to
your<00:11:57.990> eye<00:11:58.050> now<00:11:58.579> if<00:11:59.579> you<00:11:59.699> have<00:11:59.790> trouble
your eye now if you have trouble
your eye now if you have trouble
maintaining<00:12:00.510> your<00:12:00.930> diet<00:12:01.170> it<00:12:01.800> might<00:12:01.980> help<00:12:02.160> to
maintaining your diet it might help to
maintaining your diet it might help to
have<00:12:02.490> some<00:12:02.699> extra<00:12:02.819> imagery<00:12:03.420> to<00:12:03.810> remind<00:12:03.990> you
have some extra imagery to remind you
have some extra imagery to remind you
how<00:12:04.170> many<00:12:04.230> calories<00:12:04.500> are<00:12:05.060> going<00:12:06.060> to<00:12:06.120> be<00:12:06.180> coming
how many calories are going to be coming
how many calories are going to be coming
at<00:12:06.540> you
at you
at you
how<00:12:07.860> about<00:12:08.010> enabling<00:12:08.190> the<00:12:08.490> pathologist<00:12:09.149> to
how about enabling the pathologist to
how about enabling the pathologist to
use<00:12:09.540> their<00:12:09.779> cellphone<00:12:10.139> again<00:12:10.260> to<00:12:10.440> see<00:12:10.740> at<00:12:10.980> a
use their cellphone again to see at a
use their cellphone again to see at a
microscopic<00:12:11.339> level<00:12:11.880> and<00:12:11.970> tell<00:12:12.300> ember<00:12:12.480> that
microscopic level and tell ember that
microscopic level and tell ember that
data<00:12:12.779> back<00:12:13.019> to<00:12:13.050> the<00:12:13.290> cloud<00:12:13.470> and<00:12:13.680> make<00:12:13.800> better
data back to the cloud and make better
data back to the cloud and make better
diagnostics<00:12:14.699> in<00:12:14.790> fact<00:12:15.329> the<00:12:15.660> whole<00:12:15.779> era<00:12:16.110> of
diagnostics in fact the whole era of
diagnostics in fact the whole era of
laboratory<00:12:17.069> medicine<00:12:17.310> is<00:12:17.610> completely
laboratory medicine is completely
laboratory medicine is completely
changing<00:12:18.449> we<00:12:18.720> can<00:12:18.750> now<00:12:18.959> leveraging<00:12:19.560> micro
changing we can now leveraging micro
changing we can now leveraging micro
fluidics<00:12:20.339> like<00:12:20.639> this<00:12:20.819> chip<00:12:21.240> made<00:12:21.420> by<00:12:21.540> Steve
fluidics like this chip made by Steve
fluidics like this chip made by Steve
quake<00:12:22.019> at<00:12:22.139> Stanford<00:12:22.560> micro<00:12:23.100> fluidics<00:12:23.430> can
quake at Stanford micro fluidics can
quake at Stanford micro fluidics can
replace<00:12:23.850> an<00:12:23.970> entire<00:12:24.240> lab<00:12:24.540> of<00:12:24.779> technicians<00:12:25.199> and
replace an entire lab of technicians and
replace an entire lab of technicians and
put<00:12:25.649> it<00:12:25.709> on<00:12:25.800> a<00:12:25.829> chip<00:12:26.010> enable<00:12:26.339> thousands<00:12:26.790> of
put it on a chip enable thousands of
put it on a chip enable thousands of
tests<00:12:27.089> to<00:12:27.149> be<00:12:27.240> done<00:12:27.269> at<00:12:27.660> the<00:12:28.019> point-of-care
tests to be done at the point-of-care
tests to be done at the point-of-care
anywhere<00:12:28.920> in<00:12:29.010> the<00:12:29.069> world<00:12:29.279> and<00:12:29.550> this<00:12:29.910> is<00:12:30.029> really
anywhere in the world and this is really
anywhere in the world and this is really
going<00:12:30.389> to<00:12:30.449> leverage<00:12:30.690> technology<00:12:31.079> to<00:12:31.649> the
going to leverage technology to the
going to leverage technology to the
rural<00:12:32.010> and<00:12:32.160> the<00:12:32.250> underserved<00:12:32.639> and<00:12:33.329> unable
rural and the underserved and unable
rural and the underserved and unable
what<00:12:33.779> used<00:12:33.899> to<00:12:33.959> be<00:12:34.019> thousand-dollar<00:12:34.769> tests<00:12:35.100> to
what used to be thousand-dollar tests to
what used to be thousand-dollar tests to
be<00:12:35.250> done<00:12:35.279> at<00:12:35.610> pennies<00:12:36.209> and<00:12:36.449> at<00:12:36.959> the
be done at pennies and at the
be done at pennies and at the
point-of-care<00:12:37.490> if<00:12:38.490> we<00:12:38.639> go<00:12:38.730> down<00:12:38.790> the<00:12:38.970> small
point-of-care if we go down the small
point-of-care if we go down the small
pathway<00:12:39.720> a<00:12:39.930> little<00:12:40.139> bit<00:12:40.260> further<00:12:40.529> we're
pathway a little bit further we're
pathway a little bit further we're
learning<00:12:41.310> the<00:12:41.760> era<00:12:41.910> of<00:12:42.089> nano<00:12:42.300> medicine<00:12:42.480> the
learning the era of nano medicine the
learning the era of nano medicine the
ability<00:12:42.990> to<00:12:43.050> make<00:12:43.139> devices<00:12:43.319> super<00:12:43.800> small<00:12:44.069> to
ability to make devices super small to
ability to make devices super small to
the<00:12:44.639> point<00:12:44.819> where<00:12:44.940> we<00:12:45.000> can<00:12:45.149> design<00:12:45.510> red<00:12:45.720> blood
the point where we can design red blood
the point where we can design red blood
cells<00:12:46.170> or<00:12:46.459> micro<00:12:47.459> robots<00:12:47.790> that<00:12:48.000> will<00:12:48.120> monitor
cells or micro robots that will monitor
cells or micro robots that will monitor
our<00:12:48.690> blood<00:12:48.870> system<00:12:49.050> or<00:12:49.529> immune<00:12:49.740> system<00:12:50.100> or
our blood system or immune system or
our blood system or immune system or
even<00:12:50.579> those<00:12:50.699> that<00:12:50.790> might<00:12:50.940> even<00:12:51.089> clear<00:12:51.360> out<00:12:51.540> the
even those that might even clear out the
even those that might even clear out the
class<00:12:51.899> from<00:12:52.470> our<00:12:52.680> arteries<00:12:52.980> now<00:12:53.550> how<00:12:53.670> about
class from our arteries now how about
class from our arteries now how about
exponentially<00:12:54.360> cheaper<00:12:54.390> not<00:12:55.230> something<00:12:55.500> we
exponentially cheaper not something we
exponentially cheaper not something we
usually<00:12:55.680> think<00:12:55.980> about<00:12:56.220> in<00:12:56.459> the<00:12:56.610> era<00:12:56.790> of
usually think about in the era of
usually think about in the era of
medicine
medicine
medicine
that<00:12:57.570> hard<00:12:57.780> just<00:12:57.810> used<00:12:58.170> to<00:12:58.260> be<00:12:58.380> $3,400<00:12:59.160> for<00:12:59.340> 10
that hard just used to be $3,400 for 10
that hard just used to be $3,400 for 10
megabytes<00:13:00.530> expletive<00:13:01.530> cheaper<00:13:01.740> in<00:13:01.830> genomics
megabytes expletive cheaper in genomics
megabytes expletive cheaper in genomics
now<00:13:02.400> the<00:13:02.520> genome<00:13:03.000> cost<00:13:03.210> about<00:13:03.450> a<00:13:03.510> billion
now the genome cost about a billion
now the genome cost about a billion
dollars<00:13:03.960> about<00:13:04.650> ten<00:13:04.980> years<00:13:05.160> ago<00:13:05.310> when<00:13:05.520> the
dollars about ten years ago when the
dollars about ten years ago when the
first<00:13:05.760> one<00:13:05.880> came<00:13:05.910> out<00:13:06.180> we're<00:13:06.570> now<00:13:06.720> approaching
first one came out we're now approaching
first one came out we're now approaching
essentially<00:13:08.010> a<00:13:08.040> thousand<00:13:08.730> dollar<00:13:08.850> genome
essentially a thousand dollar genome
essentially a thousand dollar genome
probably<00:13:09.540> next<00:13:09.660> year<00:13:09.780> in<00:13:09.990> two<00:13:10.140> years<00:13:10.350> about<00:13:10.620> a
probably next year in two years about a
probably next year in two years about a
hundred<00:13:11.070> dollar<00:13:11.220> genome<00:13:11.490> what<00:13:11.880> are<00:13:11.940> we<00:13:12.030> going
hundred dollar genome what are we going
hundred dollar genome what are we going
to<00:13:12.210> do<00:13:12.300> with<00:13:12.480> hundred<00:13:12.810> dollar<00:13:12.930> genomes<00:13:13.260> and
to do with hundred dollar genomes and
to do with hundred dollar genomes and
soon<00:13:13.920> we'll<00:13:14.070> have<00:13:14.100> millions<00:13:14.760> of<00:13:14.850> these<00:13:14.910> tests
soon we'll have millions of these tests
soon we'll have millions of these tests
available<00:13:15.390> and<00:13:15.900> that's<00:13:16.110> when<00:13:16.260> it<00:13:16.350> gets
available and that's when it gets
available and that's when it gets
interesting<00:13:16.530> when<00:13:16.920> we<00:13:16.980> start<00:13:17.130> to<00:13:17.190> crowdsource
interesting when we start to crowdsource
interesting when we start to crowdsource
that<00:13:17.790> information<00:13:18.300> and<00:13:18.480> we<00:13:18.810> enter<00:13:19.020> the<00:13:19.140> era<00:13:19.290> of
that information and we enter the era of
that information and we enter the era of
true<00:13:19.860> personalized<00:13:20.430> medicine<00:13:20.820> the<00:13:20.880> right
true personalized medicine the right
true personalized medicine the right
drug<00:13:21.300> for<00:13:21.510> the<00:13:21.840> right<00:13:21.870> person<00:13:22.320> at<00:13:22.410> the<00:13:22.440> right
drug for the right person at the right
drug for the right person at the right
time<00:13:22.620> instead<00:13:23.010> of<00:13:23.130> what<00:13:23.220> we're<00:13:23.310> doing<00:13:23.400> today
time instead of what we're doing today
time instead of what we're doing today
which<00:13:24.330> is<00:13:24.360> essentially<00:13:24.720> the<00:13:24.810> same<00:13:24.990> drug<00:13:25.230> for
which is essentially the same drug for
which is essentially the same drug for
everybody<00:13:25.860> so<00:13:26.040> two<00:13:26.100> blockbuster<00:13:26.610> drug
everybody so two blockbuster drug
everybody so two blockbuster drug
medications<00:13:27.330> many<00:13:27.720> cases<00:13:28.080> which<00:13:28.470> don't<00:13:28.680> work
medications many cases which don't work
medications many cases which don't work
for<00:13:29.070> you<00:13:29.190> the<00:13:29.340> individual<00:13:29.790> and<00:13:30.000> many<00:13:30.540> many
for you the individual and many many
for you the individual and many many
different<00:13:31.020> companies<00:13:31.350> are<00:13:31.470> working<00:13:31.620> on<00:13:31.860> on
different companies are working on on
different companies are working on on
leveraging<00:13:32.610> these<00:13:32.760> approaches<00:13:33.240> and<00:13:33.540> I'll
leveraging these approaches and I'll
leveraging these approaches and I'll
just<00:13:33.930> show<00:13:34.050> you<00:13:34.110> a<00:13:34.200> simple<00:13:34.440> example<00:13:34.530> from<00:13:34.950> 20
just show you a simple example from 20
just show you a simple example from 20
through<00:13:35.370> me<00:13:35.490> again
through me again
through me again
my<00:13:36.120> data<00:13:36.360> indicates<00:13:36.720> that<00:13:37.230> I've<00:13:37.410> got<00:13:37.590> by
my data indicates that I've got by
my data indicates that I've got by
average<00:13:38.190> risk<00:13:38.460> for<00:13:38.730> developing<00:13:39.090> macular
average risk for developing macular
average risk for developing macular
degeneration<00:13:39.660> two<00:13:40.170> kind<00:13:40.320> of<00:13:40.350> blindness<00:13:40.650> but
degeneration two kind of blindness but
degeneration two kind of blindness but
if<00:13:41.220> I<00:13:41.310> take<00:13:41.460> that<00:13:41.610> same<00:13:41.790> data<00:13:42.000> upload<00:13:42.720> it<00:13:42.870> to
if I take that same data upload it to
if I take that same data upload it to
decode<00:13:43.290> me<00:13:43.500> I<00:13:43.680> can<00:13:44.190> look<00:13:44.310> at<00:13:44.430> my<00:13:44.520> risk<00:13:44.730> for
decode me I can look at my risk for
decode me I can look at my risk for
example<00:13:44.940> type<00:13:45.330> 2<00:13:45.480> diabetes<00:13:45.870> I'm<00:13:46.140> at<00:13:46.380> almost
example type 2 diabetes I'm at almost
example type 2 diabetes I'm at almost
twice<00:13:46.740> the<00:13:46.800> risk<00:13:47.100> for<00:13:47.250> type<00:13:47.340> 2<00:13:47.400> diabetes<00:13:47.520> I
twice the risk for type 2 diabetes I
twice the risk for type 2 diabetes I
might<00:13:48.450> want<00:13:48.630> to<00:13:48.660> watch<00:13:48.780> how<00:13:48.930> much<00:13:49.020> dessert<00:13:49.380> I
might want to watch how much dessert I
might want to watch how much dessert I
have<00:13:49.620> the<00:13:50.070> lunch<00:13:50.250> break<00:13:50.400> for<00:13:50.490> example<00:13:51.000> it
have the lunch break for example it
have the lunch break for example it
might<00:13:51.390> change<00:13:51.570> my<00:13:51.780> behavior<00:13:52.220> leveraging<00:13:53.220> my
might change my behavior leveraging my
might change my behavior leveraging my
knowledge<00:13:53.850> of<00:13:53.970> my<00:13:54.060> pharmacogenetics<00:13:54.900> how<00:13:54.990> my
knowledge of my pharmacogenetics how my
knowledge of my pharmacogenetics how my
genes<00:13:55.380> modulate<00:13:55.890> what<00:13:56.580> my<00:13:56.790> drugs<00:13:57.120> do<00:13:57.360> and<00:13:57.480> what
genes modulate what my drugs do and what
genes modulate what my drugs do and what
doses<00:13:57.960> I<00:13:58.050> need<00:13:58.230> are<00:13:58.320> going<00:13:58.440> to<00:13:58.500> become
doses I need are going to become
doses I need are going to become
increasingly<00:13:58.890> important<00:13:59.490> and<00:13:59.670> what's<00:13:59.970> in<00:14:00.060> the
increasingly important and what's in the
increasingly important and what's in the
hands<00:14:00.360> of<00:14:00.450> the<00:14:00.510> individual<00:14:00.870> and<00:14:01.170> the<00:14:01.230> patient
hands of the individual and the patient
hands of the individual and the patient
will<00:14:02.160> make<00:14:02.310> better<00:14:02.520> drug<00:14:02.790> dosing<00:14:03.180> and
will make better drug dosing and
will make better drug dosing and
selection<00:14:03.630> available<00:14:03.780> so<00:14:04.680> again<00:14:05.130> it's<00:14:05.250> not
selection available so again it's not
selection available so again it's not
just<00:14:05.400> genes<00:14:05.850> it's<00:14:06.180> multiple<00:14:06.990> details<00:14:07.500> our
just genes it's multiple details our
just genes it's multiple details our
habits<00:14:08.460> our<00:14:08.640> environmental<00:14:09.570> exposures<00:14:10.050> when
habits our environmental exposures when
habits our environmental exposures when
was<00:14:10.350> the<00:14:10.410> last<00:14:10.500> time<00:14:10.650> your<00:14:10.920> physician<00:14:11.340> asked
was the last time your physician asked
was the last time your physician asked
you<00:14:11.700> where<00:14:12.090> you've<00:14:12.240> lived
you where you've lived
you where you've lived
geo<00:14:12.900> medicine<00:14:13.260> where<00:14:13.440> you<00:14:13.530> live<00:14:13.770> what<00:14:14.160> you've
geo medicine where you live what you've
geo medicine where you live what you've
been<00:14:14.430> exposed<00:14:14.700> to<00:14:14.880> can<00:14:15.330> dramatically<00:14:15.750> affect
been exposed to can dramatically affect
been exposed to can dramatically affect
your<00:14:16.140> health<00:14:16.290> we<00:14:16.440> can<00:14:16.560> capture<00:14:16.740> that
your health we can capture that
your health we can capture that
information<00:14:17.160> so<00:14:18.120> genomics<00:14:18.570> proteomics<00:14:19.080> the
information so genomics proteomics the
information so genomics proteomics the
environment<00:14:19.680> all<00:14:19.920> this<00:14:20.310> data<00:14:20.550> streaming<00:14:20.940> at
environment all this data streaming at
environment all this data streaming at
us<00:14:21.380> individually<00:14:22.380> and<00:14:22.470> as<00:14:22.740> us<00:14:22.890> as<00:14:23.040> poor
us individually and as us as poor
us individually and as us as poor
physicians<00:14:23.610> how<00:14:23.730> do<00:14:23.790> we<00:14:23.910> manage<00:14:24.180> it<00:14:24.330> well
physicians how do we manage it well
physicians how do we manage it well
we're<00:14:24.960> now<00:14:25.050> entering<00:14:25.200> the<00:14:25.350> era<00:14:25.560> of<00:14:25.620> systems
we're now entering the era of systems
we're now entering the era of systems
medicine<00:14:26.250> or<00:14:26.580> systems<00:14:26.850> biology<00:14:26.970> where<00:14:27.600> we<00:14:27.660> can
medicine or systems biology where we can
medicine or systems biology where we can
start<00:14:27.930> to<00:14:28.020> integrate<00:14:28.440> all<00:14:28.530> this<00:14:28.590> information
start to integrate all this information
start to integrate all this information
and<00:14:29.310> by<00:14:29.970> looking<00:14:30.600> at<00:14:30.720> the<00:14:30.810> patterns<00:14:31.230> for
and by looking at the patterns for
and by looking at the patterns for
example<00:14:31.440> in<00:14:31.830> our<00:14:31.890> blood<00:14:32.130> of<00:14:32.310> 10,000
example in our blood of 10,000
example in our blood of 10,000
biomarkers<00:14:33.480> at<00:14:33.630> a<00:14:33.690> single<00:14:33.990> test<00:14:34.170> we<00:14:34.470> can<00:14:34.890> start
biomarkers at a single test we can start
biomarkers at a single test we can start
to<00:14:35.130> look<00:14:35.250> with<00:14:35.400> these<00:14:35.460> little<00:14:35.670> patterns<00:14:36.030> and
to look with these little patterns and
to look with these little patterns and
detect<00:14:36.780> disease<00:14:37.080> in<00:14:37.260> a<00:14:37.320> much<00:14:37.470> earlier<00:14:37.680> stage
detect disease in a much earlier stage
detect disease in a much earlier stage
and<00:14:38.820> this<00:14:38.970> is<00:14:39.030> being<00:14:39.300> called<00:14:39.450> by<00:14:39.810> Li<00:14:39.990> hood<00:14:40.170> the
and this is being called by Li hood the
and this is being called by Li hood the
father<00:14:40.470> of<00:14:40.590> the<00:14:40.710> fear<00:14:40.890> of<00:14:40.920> p4<00:14:41.580> medicine<00:14:41.760> we're
father of the fear of p4 medicine we're
father of the fear of p4 medicine we're
going<00:14:42.360> to<00:14:42.420> be<00:14:42.480> predictive<00:14:42.930> we're<00:14:43.290> going<00:14:43.410> to
going to be predictive we're going to
going to be predictive we're going to
know<00:14:43.530> what<00:14:43.680> you're<00:14:43.770> likely<00:14:44.100> to<00:14:44.220> have<00:14:44.430> we<00:14:44.640> can
know what you're likely to have we can
know what you're likely to have we can
be<00:14:44.850> preventive<00:14:45.690> that<00:14:46.080> prevention<00:14:46.350> can<00:14:46.530> be
be preventive that prevention can be
be preventive that prevention can be
personalized<00:14:47.130> and<00:14:47.400> more<00:14:47.730> importantly<00:14:48.060> it's
personalized and more importantly it's
personalized and more importantly it's
going<00:14:48.330> to<00:14:48.390> become<00:14:48.540> increasingly
going to become increasingly
going to become increasingly
participatory<00:14:49.590> through<00:14:50.190> websites<00:14:50.610> like
participatory through websites like
participatory through websites like
patients<00:14:51.240> like<00:14:51.360> me<00:14:51.600> or<00:14:51.840> managing<00:14:52.620> your<00:14:52.650> data
patients like me or managing your data
patients like me or managing your data
on<00:14:53.250> a<00:14:53.280> Microsoft<00:14:53.880> Health<00:14:54.120> fault<00:14:54.360> or<00:14:54.540> a<00:14:54.570> Google
on a Microsoft Health fault or a Google
on a Microsoft Health fault or a Google
health<00:14:55.080> leveraging<00:14:55.770> this<00:14:55.860> together<00:14:56.130> in
health leveraging this together in
health leveraging this together in
participatory<00:14:56.790> ways<00:14:57.030> is<00:14:57.210> going<00:14:57.330> to<00:14:57.390> become
participatory ways is going to become
participatory ways is going to become
increasingly<00:14:57.930> important<00:14:58.320> so<00:14:58.890> I'll<00:14:58.980> finish<00:14:59.100> up
increasingly important so I'll finish up
increasingly important so I'll finish up
with<00:14:59.370> exponentially<00:14:59.940> better<00:15:00.180> we'd<00:15:00.930> like<00:15:01.050> to
with exponentially better we'd like to
with exponentially better we'd like to
get<00:15:01.260> therapies<00:15:01.680> better<00:15:01.890> and<00:15:02.070> more<00:15:02.130> effective
get therapies better and more effective
get therapies better and more effective
now<00:15:02.670> today<00:15:03.210> we<00:15:03.360> treat<00:15:03.570> high<00:15:03.780> blood<00:15:03.810> pressure
now today we treat high blood pressure
now today we treat high blood pressure
mostly<00:15:04.470> with<00:15:04.620> pills<00:15:04.890> what<00:15:05.370> if<00:15:05.460> we<00:15:05.550> take<00:15:05.640> a<00:15:05.700> new
mostly with pills what if we take a new
mostly with pills what if we take a new
device<00:15:06.180> and<00:15:06.480> knock<00:15:06.900> out<00:15:07.080> the<00:15:07.440> nerve<00:15:07.860> vessels
device and knock out the nerve vessels
device and knock out the nerve vessels
that
that
that
me<00:15:09.170> delayed<00:15:09.410> blood<00:15:09.620> pressure<00:15:09.860> and<00:15:10.130> a<00:15:10.340> single
me delayed blood pressure and a single
me delayed blood pressure and a single
therapy<00:15:10.900> basically<00:15:11.900> cure<00:15:12.230> hypertension<00:15:12.830> this
therapy basically cure hypertension this
therapy basically cure hypertension this
is<00:15:13.100> a<00:15:13.130> new<00:15:13.280> device<00:15:13.520> that<00:15:13.550> essentially<00:15:14.090> is
is a new device that essentially is
is a new device that essentially is
doing<00:15:14.450> that<00:15:14.540> that<00:15:14.930> should<00:15:15.080> be<00:15:15.140> on<00:15:15.230> the<00:15:15.290> market
doing that that should be on the market
doing that that should be on the market
within<00:15:15.770> a<00:15:15.860> year<00:15:16.010> or<00:15:16.100> two<00:15:16.130> how<00:15:16.940> about<00:15:17.090> more
within a year or two how about more
within a year or two how about more
targeted<00:15:17.660> therapies<00:15:17.960> for<00:15:18.110> cancer<00:15:18.170> right<00:15:19.070> I'm
targeted therapies for cancer right I'm
targeted therapies for cancer right I'm
an<00:15:19.520> oncologist<00:15:19.940> and<00:15:20.030> I<00:15:20.120> know<00:15:20.180> today<00:15:20.390> most<00:15:20.570> of
an oncologist and I know today most of
an oncologist and I know today most of
what<00:15:20.720> we<00:15:20.810> give<00:15:20.990> is<00:15:21.020> essentially<00:15:21.500> poison<00:15:21.920> we've
what we give is essentially poison we've
what we give is essentially poison we've
learned<00:15:22.970> at<00:15:23.180> Stanford<00:15:23.690> and<00:15:23.780> other<00:15:23.900> places
learned at Stanford and other places
learned at Stanford and other places
that<00:15:24.410> we<00:15:24.740> can<00:15:24.890> discover<00:15:25.160> it<00:15:25.250> cancer<00:15:25.640> stem
that we can discover it cancer stem
that we can discover it cancer stem
cells<00:15:26.090> so<00:15:26.180> once<00:15:26.330> it<00:15:26.420> seemed<00:15:26.570> to<00:15:26.630> be<00:15:26.690> really
cells so once it seemed to be really
cells so once it seemed to be really
responsible<00:15:27.890> for<00:15:28.520> disease<00:15:29.360> relapse<00:15:29.690> so<00:15:29.960> if
responsible for disease relapse so if
responsible for disease relapse so if
you<00:15:30.470> think<00:15:30.620> of<00:15:30.740> cancer<00:15:31.010> as<00:15:31.190> a<00:15:31.220> weed<00:15:31.490> we<00:15:31.910> often
you think of cancer as a weed we often
you think of cancer as a weed we often
can<00:15:32.480> whack<00:15:32.840> the<00:15:33.080> weed<00:15:33.290> away<00:15:33.560> it<00:15:33.890> seems<00:15:34.250> to
can whack the weed away it seems to
can whack the weed away it seems to
shrink<00:15:34.520> it<00:15:34.730> often<00:15:34.970> comes<00:15:35.150> back<00:15:35.420> so<00:15:36.020> we're
shrink it often comes back so we're
shrink it often comes back so we're
tacking<00:15:36.470> the<00:15:36.560> wrong<00:15:36.680> target<00:15:37.160> the<00:15:37.430> cancer<00:15:37.670> stem
tacking the wrong target the cancer stem
tacking the wrong target the cancer stem
cells<00:15:38.240> remain<00:15:38.570> and<00:15:38.840> the<00:15:39.170> tumor<00:15:39.440> can<00:15:39.710> return
cells remain and the tumor can return
cells remain and the tumor can return
months<00:15:40.610> or<00:15:40.730> years<00:15:40.910> later<00:15:41.150> we're<00:15:41.570> now<00:15:41.690> learning
months or years later we're now learning
months or years later we're now learning
to<00:15:41.990> identify<00:15:42.080> the<00:15:42.590> cancer<00:15:43.040> stem<00:15:43.220> cells<00:15:43.520> and
to identify the cancer stem cells and
to identify the cancer stem cells and
identify<00:15:44.420> those<00:15:44.540> as<00:15:44.750> targets<00:15:45.140> and<00:15:45.290> go<00:15:45.650> for<00:15:45.800> the
identify those as targets and go for the
identify those as targets and go for the
long<00:15:46.010> term<00:15:46.190> cure<00:15:46.460> and<00:15:46.760> we're<00:15:47.390> ending<00:15:47.510> the<00:15:47.660> era
long term cure and we're ending the era
long term cure and we're ending the era
of<00:15:47.930> personalized<00:15:48.440> oncology<00:15:48.590> the<00:15:49.220> ability<00:15:49.490> to
of personalized oncology the ability to
of personalized oncology the ability to
leverage<00:15:49.850> all<00:15:50.060> this<00:15:50.180> data<00:15:50.390> together<00:15:50.630> analyze
leverage all this data together analyze
leverage all this data together analyze
the<00:15:51.680> tumor<00:15:52.010> and<00:15:52.160> come<00:15:52.820> up<00:15:52.910> with<00:15:53.060> a<00:15:53.090> real
the tumor and come up with a real
the tumor and come up with a real
specific<00:15:53.900> cocktail<00:15:54.470> for<00:15:54.680> the<00:15:54.740> individual
specific cocktail for the individual
specific cocktail for the individual
patient<00:15:55.360> now<00:15:56.360> I'll<00:15:56.480> close<00:15:56.630> with<00:15:56.690> regenerative
patient now I'll close with regenerative
patient now I'll close with regenerative
medicine<00:15:57.440> so<00:15:57.710> I've<00:15:57.830> studied<00:15:57.980> a<00:15:58.070> lot<00:15:58.130> about
medicine so I've studied a lot about
medicine so I've studied a lot about
stem<00:15:58.550> cells<00:15:58.820> embryonic<00:15:59.090> stem<00:16:00.020> cells<00:16:00.230> are
stem cells embryonic stem cells are
stem cells embryonic stem cells are
particularly<00:16:00.680> powerful<00:16:00.830> we<00:16:01.220> also<00:16:01.340> have<00:16:01.490> adult
particularly powerful we also have adult
particularly powerful we also have adult
stem<00:16:01.970> cells<00:16:02.270> throughout<00:16:02.480> our<00:16:02.630> body<00:16:02.810> we<00:16:03.050> use
stem cells throughout our body we use
stem cells throughout our body we use
those<00:16:03.410> in<00:16:03.740> my<00:16:03.950> field<00:16:04.160> of<00:16:04.220> bone<00:16:04.400> marrow
those in my field of bone marrow
those in my field of bone marrow
transplantation
transplantation
transplantation
Geron<00:16:06.200> just<00:16:06.470> last<00:16:06.650> year<00:16:06.830> start<00:16:07.130> of<00:16:07.220> the<00:16:07.280> first
Geron just last year start of the first
Geron just last year start of the first
trial<00:16:07.760> using<00:16:08.450> human<00:16:09.140> embryonic<00:16:09.410> stem<00:16:09.710> cells
trial using human embryonic stem cells
trial using human embryonic stem cells
to<00:16:10.430> treat<00:16:10.460> spinal<00:16:11.150> cord<00:16:11.450> injuries<00:16:11.690> still<00:16:11.870> a
to treat spinal cord injuries still a
to treat spinal cord injuries still a
phase<00:16:12.110> one<00:16:12.320> trial<00:16:12.560> but<00:16:13.040> evolving<00:16:13.460> we've<00:16:14.120> been
phase one trial but evolving we've been
phase one trial but evolving we've been
actually<00:16:14.360> using<00:16:14.660> adult<00:16:14.840> stem<00:16:15.110> cells<00:16:15.380> now<00:16:15.560> in
actually using adult stem cells now in
actually using adult stem cells now in
clinical<00:16:16.280> trials<00:16:16.520> for<00:16:16.580> about<00:16:16.760> 15<00:16:17.150> years<00:16:17.360> to
clinical trials for about 15 years to
clinical trials for about 15 years to
approach<00:16:18.020> a<00:16:18.140> whole<00:16:18.380> range<00:16:18.650> of<00:16:18.800> topics
approach a whole range of topics
approach a whole range of topics
particularly<00:16:19.610> in<00:16:19.820> treating<00:16:20.090> cardiovascular
particularly in treating cardiovascular
particularly in treating cardiovascular
disease<00:16:20.930> if<00:16:21.080> we<00:16:21.170> take<00:16:21.320> our<00:16:21.620> own<00:16:21.800> bone<00:16:22.010> marrow
disease if we take our own bone marrow
disease if we take our own bone marrow
cells<00:16:22.400> and<00:16:22.730> treat<00:16:23.360> a<00:16:23.420> patient<00:16:23.510> with<00:16:23.660> a<00:16:23.750> heart
cells and treat a patient with a heart
cells and treat a patient with a heart
attack
attack
attack
we<00:16:24.770> can<00:16:24.920> see<00:16:25.070> much<00:16:25.400> improved<00:16:25.730> heart<00:16:25.910> function
we can see much improved heart function
we can see much improved heart function
and<00:16:26.450> actually<00:16:26.570> better<00:16:27.140> survival<00:16:27.860> using<00:16:28.280> our
and actually better survival using our
and actually better survival using our
own<00:16:28.460> bone<00:16:28.670> marrow<00:16:28.700> drive<00:16:28.970> cells<00:16:29.300> after<00:16:29.960> a
own bone marrow drive cells after a
own bone marrow drive cells after a
heart<00:16:30.140> attack<00:16:30.230> I<00:16:30.650> invented<00:16:31.490> a<00:16:31.580> bicycle<00:16:31.910> the
heart attack I invented a bicycle the
heart attack I invented a bicycle the
marrow<00:16:32.240> miner<00:16:32.450> a<00:16:32.570> much<00:16:32.750> less<00:16:32.990> invasive<00:16:33.170> way
marrow miner a much less invasive way
marrow miner a much less invasive way
for<00:16:34.190> harvesting<00:16:34.520> bone<00:16:34.700> marrow<00:16:34.910> it's<00:16:35.060> now<00:16:35.150> been
for harvesting bone marrow it's now been
for harvesting bone marrow it's now been
FDA<00:16:35.630> approved<00:16:35.990> and<00:16:36.110> will<00:16:36.230> hopefully<00:16:36.350> be<00:16:36.590> on
FDA approved and will hopefully be on
FDA approved and will hopefully be on
the<00:16:36.740> market<00:16:36.890> in<00:16:37.070> the<00:16:37.190> next<00:16:37.220> year<00:16:37.520> so<00:16:37.550> hopefully
the market in the next year so hopefully
the market in the next year so hopefully
you<00:16:38.600> can<00:16:38.630> appreciate<00:16:38.900> the<00:16:39.140> device<00:16:39.350> that<00:16:39.500> are
you can appreciate the device that are
you can appreciate the device that are
curving<00:16:39.800> through<00:16:39.950> the<00:16:40.190> patient's<00:16:40.550> body<00:16:40.700> and
curving through the patient's body and
curving through the patient's body and
removing<00:16:41.570> the<00:16:41.660> bone<00:16:41.810> marrow<00:16:41.900> instead<00:16:42.200> of<00:16:42.260> with
removing the bone marrow instead of with
removing the bone marrow instead of with
200<00:16:42.800> punctures<00:16:43.130> which<00:16:43.490> is<00:16:43.640> a<00:16:43.670> single<00:16:44.030> puncture
200 punctures which is a single puncture
200 punctures which is a single puncture
under<00:16:44.840> local<00:16:45.020> anesthesia<00:16:45.470> but<00:16:46.340> where<00:16:46.490> stem
under local anesthesia but where stem
under local anesthesia but where stem
cell<00:16:46.940> therapy<00:16:47.180> really<00:16:47.390> going<00:16:47.720> if<00:16:48.110> you<00:16:48.230> think
cell therapy really going if you think
cell therapy really going if you think
about<00:16:48.560> it<00:16:48.800> every<00:16:49.040> cell<00:16:49.250> in<00:16:49.340> your<00:16:49.400> body<00:16:49.460> has<00:16:49.700> the
about it every cell in your body has the
about it every cell in your body has the
same<00:16:50.090> DNA<00:16:50.330> as<00:16:50.660> you<00:16:51.020> had<00:16:51.230> when<00:16:51.770> you<00:16:51.800> were<00:16:52.010> an
same DNA as you had when you were an
same DNA as you had when you were an
embryo<00:16:52.670> we<00:16:53.180> can<00:16:53.300> have<00:16:53.390> reprogram<00:16:53.990> your<00:16:54.140> skin
embryo we can have reprogram your skin
embryo we can have reprogram your skin
cells<00:16:54.650> to<00:16:55.310> actually<00:16:55.460> act<00:16:55.910> like<00:16:56.180> a<00:16:56.210> pluripotent
cells to actually act like a pluripotent
cells to actually act like a pluripotent
embryonic<00:16:57.020> stem<00:16:57.530> cell<00:16:57.770> and<00:16:58.010> utilize<00:16:58.580> those
embryonic stem cell and utilize those
embryonic stem cell and utilize those
potentially<00:16:59.210> to<00:16:59.300> treat<00:16:59.480> multiple<00:16:59.870> organs<00:17:00.170> in
potentially to treat multiple organs in
potentially to treat multiple organs in
that<00:17:00.710> same<00:17:00.920> patient<00:17:01.310> making<00:17:01.490> your<00:17:01.670> own
that same patient making your own
that same patient making your own
personalized<00:17:02.270> stem<00:17:02.420> cell<00:17:02.630> lines<00:17:02.840> and<00:17:03.110> I<00:17:03.440> think
personalized stem cell lines and I think
personalized stem cell lines and I think
there'll<00:17:03.710> be<00:17:03.740> a<00:17:03.830> new<00:17:03.980> era<00:17:04.220> of<00:17:04.430> your<00:17:04.880> own<00:17:05.000> stem
there'll be a new era of your own stem
there'll be a new era of your own stem
cell<00:17:05.480> banking<00:17:05.900> to<00:17:06.320> you<00:17:06.800> know<00:17:06.890> have<00:17:07.040> in<00:17:07.160> the
cell banking to you know have in the
cell banking to you know have in the
freezer<00:17:07.370> your<00:17:07.670> own<00:17:07.760> cardiac<00:17:08.150> cells<00:17:08.390> myocytes
freezer your own cardiac cells myocytes
freezer your own cardiac cells myocytes
neural<00:17:09.290> cells<00:17:09.500> to<00:17:09.950> use<00:17:10.070> them<00:17:10.220> in<00:17:10.310> the<00:17:10.370> future
neural cells to use them in the future
neural cells to use them in the future
should<00:17:11.089> you<00:17:11.240> need<00:17:11.360> them
should you need them
should you need them
and<00:17:11.750> we're<00:17:12.470> integrating<00:17:12.650> this<00:17:13.040> now<00:17:13.220> with<00:17:13.400> a
and we're integrating this now with a
and we're integrating this now with a
whole<00:17:13.550> year<00:17:13.760> of<00:17:13.880> cellular<00:17:14.300> engineering<00:17:14.839> and
whole year of cellular engineering and
whole year of cellular engineering and
integrating<00:17:15.800> exponential<00:17:16.310> technologies<00:17:16.760> for
integrating exponential technologies for
integrating exponential technologies for
essentially<00:17:17.449> 3d<00:17:17.780> organ<00:17:18.110> printing<00:17:18.230> replacing
essentially 3d organ printing replacing
essentially 3d organ printing replacing
the<00:17:19.310> ink<00:17:19.490> with<00:17:20.000> cells<00:17:20.300> and<00:17:20.630> essentially
the ink with cells and essentially
the ink with cells and essentially
building<00:17:21.589> and
building and
building and
reconstructing<00:17:22.800> a<00:17:22.890> 3d<00:17:23.100> organ<00:17:23.400> that's<00:17:23.520> where
reconstructing a 3d organ that's where
reconstructing a 3d organ that's where
things<00:17:23.880> are<00:17:23.940> going<00:17:24.030> to<00:17:24.120> head<00:17:24.329> still<00:17:24.959> very
things are going to head still very
things are going to head still very
early<00:17:25.440> days<00:17:25.589> but<00:17:25.980> I<00:17:26.160> think<00:17:26.430> as<00:17:26.520> integration<00:17:26.970> of
early days but I think as integration of
early days but I think as integration of
exponential<00:17:27.660> technologies<00:17:28.140> this<00:17:28.530> is<00:17:28.680> the
exponential technologies this is the
exponential technologies this is the
example<00:17:29.450> so<00:17:30.450> enclosed<00:17:31.110> as<00:17:31.320> you<00:17:31.410> think<00:17:31.620> about
example so enclosed as you think about
example so enclosed as you think about
technology<00:17:32.310> turns<00:17:32.490> on<00:17:32.610> how<00:17:32.700> to<00:17:32.760> impact<00:17:33.060> health
technology turns on how to impact health
technology turns on how to impact health
and<00:17:33.420> medicine<00:17:33.630> we're<00:17:34.320> entering<00:17:35.010> an<00:17:35.160> era<00:17:35.340> of
and medicine we're entering an era of
and medicine we're entering an era of
miniaturization<00:17:36.110> decentralization<00:17:37.110> and
miniaturization decentralization and
miniaturization decentralization and
personalization<00:17:38.190> and<00:17:38.970> I<00:17:39.030> think<00:17:39.210> by<00:17:39.300> pulling
personalization and I think by pulling
personalization and I think by pulling
these<00:17:39.810> things<00:17:40.050> together<00:17:40.200> we<00:17:40.440> can<00:17:40.710> start<00:17:40.920> to
these things together we can start to
these things together we can start to
think<00:17:41.040> about<00:17:41.400> how<00:17:41.700> to<00:17:41.760> understand<00:17:42.270> and
think about how to understand and
think about how to understand and
leverage<00:17:42.510> these<00:17:42.840> we're<00:17:43.260> going<00:17:43.380> to<00:17:43.440> empower
leverage these we're going to empower
leverage these we're going to empower
the<00:17:43.770> patient<00:17:44.010> enable<00:17:44.880> the<00:17:45.000> doctor<00:17:45.360> enhance
the patient enable the doctor enhance
the patient enable the doctor enhance
wellness<00:17:46.320> and<00:17:46.650> begin<00:17:47.280> to<00:17:47.370> cure<00:17:47.640> the<00:17:47.760> well
wellness and begin to cure the well
wellness and begin to cure the well
before<00:17:48.570> they<00:17:48.660> get<00:17:48.780> sick<00:17:49.080> because<00:17:49.620> I<00:17:49.830> know<00:17:49.890> as<00:17:50.130> a
before they get sick because I know as a
before they get sick because I know as a
doctor<00:17:50.370> if<00:17:50.730> someone<00:17:51.000> comes<00:17:51.150> to<00:17:51.210> me<00:17:51.300> with<00:17:51.570> stage
doctor if someone comes to me with stage
doctor if someone comes to me with stage
one<00:17:52.710> disease<00:17:53.010> I'm<00:17:53.250> thrilled<00:17:53.580> we<00:17:53.790> can<00:17:53.910> often
one disease I'm thrilled we can often
one disease I'm thrilled we can often
cure<00:17:54.330> them<00:17:54.510> but<00:17:54.690> often<00:17:55.200> is<00:17:55.350> too<00:17:55.770> late<00:17:55.950> and<00:17:56.100> it's
cure them but often is too late and it's
cure them but often is too late and it's
stage<00:17:56.520> three<00:17:56.760> or<00:17:56.850> four<00:17:57.060> cancer<00:17:57.540> for<00:17:57.690> example
stage three or four cancer for example
stage three or four cancer for example
so<00:17:58.440> by<00:17:58.530> leveraging<00:17:58.740> these<00:17:59.070> technologies
so by leveraging these technologies
so by leveraging these technologies
together<00:17:59.730> I<00:18:00.120> think<00:18:00.510> we'll<00:18:00.630> enter<00:18:00.810> a<00:18:00.840> new<00:18:00.990> era
together I think we'll enter a new era
together I think we'll enter a new era
that<00:18:01.710> I<00:18:01.770> like<00:18:01.980> to<00:18:02.070> call<00:18:02.190> stage<00:18:02.520> zero<00:18:02.820> medicine
that I like to call stage zero medicine
that I like to call stage zero medicine
and<00:18:03.420> as<00:18:03.900> a<00:18:03.930> cancer<00:18:04.260> doctor<00:18:04.560> I'm<00:18:04.740> looking
and as a cancer doctor I'm looking
and as a cancer doctor I'm looking
forward<00:18:05.640> to<00:18:05.670> being<00:18:05.880> out<00:18:06.030> of<00:18:06.180> a<00:18:06.300> job<00:18:06.330> thanks
forward to being out of a job thanks
forward to being out of a job thanks
very<00:18:07.380> much
Daniel Kraft, TED, TEDx, TEDxMaastricht, medicine, future, of, medicine, TED-Ed, TED, Ed, TEDEducation
