Building unimaginable shapes - Michael Hansmeyer
as<00:00:16.320> an<00:00:16.480> architect<00:00:17.199> i<00:00:17.440> often<00:00:17.760> ask<00:00:17.920> myself<00:00:18.560> what
as an architect i often ask myself what
as an architect i often ask myself what
is<00:00:18.880> the<00:00:19.039> origin<00:00:19.680> of<00:00:19.760> the<00:00:19.920> forms<00:00:20.320> that<00:00:20.480> we
is the origin of the forms that we
is the origin of the forms that we
design
design
design
what<00:00:21.840> kind<00:00:22.000> of<00:00:22.160> forms
what kind of forms
what kind of forms
could<00:00:23.519> we<00:00:23.760> design<00:00:24.400> if<00:00:24.560> we<00:00:24.880> if<00:00:24.960> we<00:00:25.119> wouldn't
could we design if we if we wouldn't
could we design if we if we wouldn't
work<00:00:25.599> with<00:00:25.760> references<00:00:26.320> anymore<00:00:27.199> if<00:00:27.359> we<00:00:27.439> had
work with references anymore if we had
work with references anymore if we had
no<00:00:27.920> bias<00:00:28.560> if<00:00:28.640> we<00:00:28.800> had<00:00:28.960> no<00:00:29.199> preconceptions
no bias if we had no preconceptions
no bias if we had no preconceptions
what<00:00:31.039> kind<00:00:31.199> of<00:00:31.359> forms<00:00:31.679> could<00:00:31.840> we<00:00:32.000> design<00:00:32.480> if<00:00:32.640> we
what kind of forms could we design if we
what kind of forms could we design if we
could<00:00:32.960> free<00:00:33.200> ourselves<00:00:33.760> from<00:00:34.480> from<00:00:34.719> our
could free ourselves from from our
could free ourselves from from our
experience
experience
experience
if<00:00:36.320> we<00:00:36.399> could<00:00:36.559> free<00:00:36.800> ourselves<00:00:37.360> from<00:00:38.000> our<00:00:38.640> our
if we could free ourselves from our our
if we could free ourselves from our our
education
education
education
what<00:00:40.800> would<00:00:40.960> these<00:00:41.280> unseen<00:00:41.840> forms<00:00:42.239> look<00:00:42.480> like
what would these unseen forms look like
what would these unseen forms look like
would<00:00:43.920> they<00:00:44.320> would<00:00:44.480> they<00:00:44.640> surprise<00:00:45.120> us<00:00:45.760> would
would they would they surprise us would
would they would they surprise us would
they<00:00:46.160> intrigue<00:00:46.559> us
they intrigue us
they intrigue us
would<00:00:47.840> they<00:00:48.399> delight<00:00:48.879> us
would they delight us
would they delight us
if<00:00:50.160> so<00:00:50.800> then<00:00:50.960> how<00:00:51.120> can<00:00:51.280> we<00:00:51.440> go<00:00:51.600> about<00:00:51.840> creating
if so then how can we go about creating
if so then how can we go about creating
something<00:00:52.640> that<00:00:52.800> is<00:00:52.960> truly<00:00:53.280> new
something that is truly new
something that is truly new
i<00:00:54.879> propose<00:00:55.280> we<00:00:55.440> look<00:00:55.600> to<00:00:55.760> nature
i propose we look to nature
i propose we look to nature
nature<00:00:57.520> has<00:00:57.680> been<00:00:57.920> called<00:00:58.399> the<00:00:58.640> greatest
nature has been called the greatest
nature has been called the greatest
architect<00:00:59.840> of<00:01:00.000> forms
architect of forms
architect of forms
and<00:01:02.160> i'm<00:01:02.399> not<00:01:02.640> saying<00:01:02.879> that<00:01:03.039> we<00:01:03.199> should<00:01:03.440> copy
and i'm not saying that we should copy
and i'm not saying that we should copy
nature<00:01:04.320> i'm<00:01:04.479> not<00:01:04.720> saying<00:01:04.960> we<00:01:05.119> should<00:01:05.439> mimic
nature i'm not saying we should mimic
nature i'm not saying we should mimic
biology
biology
biology
instead<00:01:07.680> i<00:01:07.760> propose<00:01:08.159> that<00:01:08.240> we<00:01:08.400> can<00:01:08.640> borrow
instead i propose that we can borrow
instead i propose that we can borrow
nature's<00:01:09.439> processes<00:01:10.479> we<00:01:10.640> can<00:01:10.960> abstract<00:01:11.439> them
nature's processes we can abstract them
nature's processes we can abstract them
and<00:01:11.760> to<00:01:11.920> create<00:01:12.240> something<00:01:12.799> that<00:01:13.040> is<00:01:13.200> new
and to create something that is new
and to create something that is new
nature's<00:01:15.680> main<00:01:16.000> process<00:01:16.479> of<00:01:16.640> creation
nature's main process of creation
nature's main process of creation
morphogenesis<00:01:18.640> is<00:01:18.960> the<00:01:19.119> splitting<00:01:19.759> of<00:01:20.320> one
morphogenesis is the splitting of one
morphogenesis is the splitting of one
cell<00:01:21.360> into<00:01:21.600> two<00:01:21.840> cells<00:01:22.320> and<00:01:22.479> these<00:01:22.720> cells<00:01:22.960> can
cell into two cells and these cells can
cell into two cells and these cells can
either<00:01:23.360> be<00:01:23.759> identical<00:01:24.799> or<00:01:24.960> they<00:01:25.119> can<00:01:25.280> be
either be identical or they can be
either be identical or they can be
distinct<00:01:25.840> from<00:01:26.080> each<00:01:26.240> other<00:01:26.479> through
distinct from each other through
distinct from each other through
asymmetric<00:01:27.360> cell<00:01:27.600> division
asymmetric cell division
asymmetric cell division
if<00:01:29.040> we<00:01:29.200> abstract<00:01:29.680> this<00:01:29.920> process<00:01:30.479> and<00:01:30.720> simplify
if we abstract this process and simplify
if we abstract this process and simplify
it<00:01:31.360> as<00:01:31.439> much<00:01:31.759> as<00:01:31.920> possible<00:01:32.560> then<00:01:32.799> we<00:01:32.880> could
it as much as possible then we could
it as much as possible then we could
start<00:01:33.280> with<00:01:33.520> a<00:01:33.600> single<00:01:33.920> sheet<00:01:34.159> of<00:01:34.320> paper<00:01:35.119> one
start with a single sheet of paper one
start with a single sheet of paper one
surface<00:01:36.079> and<00:01:36.240> we<00:01:36.400> could<00:01:36.560> make<00:01:36.720> a<00:01:36.880> fold<00:01:37.200> and
surface and we could make a fold and
surface and we could make a fold and
divide<00:01:37.680> the<00:01:37.759> surface<00:01:38.159> into<00:01:38.400> two<00:01:38.560> surfaces
divide the surface into two surfaces
divide the surface into two surfaces
we're<00:01:40.240> free<00:01:40.479> to<00:01:40.720> choose<00:01:41.040> where<00:01:41.200> we<00:01:41.360> make<00:01:41.600> the
we're free to choose where we make the
we're free to choose where we make the
fold
fold
fold
and<00:01:42.960> by<00:01:43.200> doing<00:01:43.520> so<00:01:43.840> we<00:01:44.000> can<00:01:44.159> differentiate<00:01:44.960> the
and by doing so we can differentiate the
and by doing so we can differentiate the
surfaces
surfaces
surfaces
through<00:01:47.200> this<00:01:47.439> very<00:01:47.759> simple<00:01:48.079> process<00:01:48.880> we<00:01:49.040> can
through this very simple process we can
through this very simple process we can
create<00:01:49.360> an<00:01:49.600> astounding<00:01:50.159> variety<00:01:50.640> of<00:01:50.799> forms
create an astounding variety of forms
create an astounding variety of forms
now<00:01:53.040> we<00:01:53.200> can<00:01:53.439> take<00:01:53.680> this<00:01:53.920> form<00:01:54.240> and<00:01:54.320> use<00:01:54.560> the
now we can take this form and use the
now we can take this form and use the
same<00:01:54.960> process<00:01:55.439> to<00:01:55.520> generate
same process to generate
same process to generate
three-dimensional<00:01:56.640> structures
three-dimensional structures
three-dimensional structures
but<00:01:58.000> rather<00:01:58.320> than<00:01:58.799> folding<00:01:59.119> things<00:01:59.360> by<00:01:59.600> hand
but rather than folding things by hand
but rather than folding things by hand
we'll<00:02:00.479> bring<00:02:00.719> the<00:02:00.960> structure<00:02:01.600> into<00:02:01.840> the
we'll bring the structure into the
we'll bring the structure into the
computer<00:02:02.960> and<00:02:03.600> encode<00:02:04.000> it<00:02:04.159> as<00:02:04.240> an<00:02:04.399> algorithm
computer and encode it as an algorithm
computer and encode it as an algorithm
and<00:02:05.759> in<00:02:05.920> doing<00:02:06.240> so<00:02:06.479> we<00:02:06.560> can<00:02:06.719> suddenly<00:02:07.200> fold
and in doing so we can suddenly fold
and in doing so we can suddenly fold
anything
anything
anything
we<00:02:08.959> can<00:02:09.119> fold<00:02:09.360> a<00:02:09.440> million<00:02:09.840> times<00:02:10.160> faster<00:02:10.959> and
we can fold a million times faster and
we can fold a million times faster and
we<00:02:11.280> can<00:02:11.440> fold<00:02:11.840> in<00:02:12.080> hundreds<00:02:12.480> and<00:02:12.560> hundreds<00:02:12.879> of
we can fold in hundreds and hundreds of
we can fold in hundreds and hundreds of
variations<00:02:14.000> and<00:02:14.239> as<00:02:14.400> we're<00:02:14.560> seeking<00:02:14.879> to<00:02:14.959> make
variations and as we're seeking to make
variations and as we're seeking to make
something<00:02:15.440> three-dimensional
something three-dimensional
something three-dimensional
we<00:02:17.040> start<00:02:17.280> not<00:02:17.440> with<00:02:17.520> a<00:02:17.599> single<00:02:18.000> surface<00:02:18.400> but
we start not with a single surface but
we start not with a single surface but
with<00:02:18.720> a<00:02:18.800> volume<00:02:19.280> a<00:02:19.360> simple<00:02:19.680> volume<00:02:20.080> the<00:02:20.239> cube
with a volume a simple volume the cube
with a volume a simple volume the cube
if<00:02:20.959> we<00:02:21.120> take<00:02:21.280> its<00:02:21.440> surfaces<00:02:21.920> and<00:02:22.080> fold<00:02:22.319> them
if we take its surfaces and fold them
if we take its surfaces and fold them
again<00:02:22.959> and<00:02:23.120> again<00:02:23.520> again<00:02:23.760> and<00:02:23.920> again<00:02:24.640> then
again and again again and again then
again and again again and again then
after<00:02:25.440> 16<00:02:26.000> iterations<00:02:26.720> 16<00:02:27.120> steps<00:02:27.840> we<00:02:28.080> end<00:02:28.239> up
after 16 iterations 16 steps we end up
after 16 iterations 16 steps we end up
with<00:02:28.720> 400<00:02:29.280> 000<00:02:29.520> surfaces<00:02:30.080> and<00:02:30.239> a<00:02:30.400> shape<00:02:30.640> that
with 400 000 surfaces and a shape that
with 400 000 surfaces and a shape that
looks<00:02:31.840> for<00:02:32.080> instance<00:02:32.480> like<00:02:32.720> this
looks for instance like this
looks for instance like this
and<00:02:34.080> if<00:02:34.239> we
and if we
and if we
change<00:02:35.519> where<00:02:35.680> we<00:02:35.840> make<00:02:36.080> the<00:02:36.239> folds<00:02:36.640> if<00:02:36.720> we
change where we make the folds if we
change where we make the folds if we
change<00:02:37.200> the<00:02:37.360> folding<00:02:37.760> ratio<00:02:38.239> then<00:02:38.400> this<00:02:38.720> cube
change the folding ratio then this cube
change the folding ratio then this cube
turns<00:02:39.680> into<00:02:39.920> this<00:02:40.239> one
turns into this one
turns into this one
we<00:02:41.519> can<00:02:41.760> change<00:02:42.000> the<00:02:42.160> folding<00:02:42.480> ratio<00:02:42.879> again<00:02:43.200> to
we can change the folding ratio again to
we can change the folding ratio again to
produce<00:02:44.000> this<00:02:44.319> shape
produce this shape
produce this shape
or<00:02:46.319> this<00:02:46.560> shape
or this shape
or this shape
so<00:02:47.599> we<00:02:47.840> exert<00:02:48.239> control<00:02:48.640> over<00:02:48.879> the<00:02:48.959> form<00:02:49.680> by
so we exert control over the form by
so we exert control over the form by
specifying<00:02:50.720> the<00:02:50.879> position<00:02:51.440> of<00:02:51.519> where<00:02:51.760> we're
specifying the position of where we're
specifying the position of where we're
making<00:02:52.239> the<00:02:52.400> fold<00:02:52.720> but<00:02:52.879> essentially<00:02:53.440> you're
making the fold but essentially you're
making the fold but essentially you're
looking<00:02:54.000> at<00:02:54.480> a<00:02:54.720> folded<00:02:55.519> cube
looking at a folded cube
looking at a folded cube
and<00:02:57.440> we<00:02:57.599> can<00:02:57.760> play<00:02:58.000> with<00:02:58.159> this<00:02:58.720> we<00:02:58.879> can<00:02:59.040> apply
and we can play with this we can apply
and we can play with this we can apply
different<00:02:59.680> folding<00:03:00.000> ratios<00:03:00.400> to<00:03:00.560> different
different folding ratios to different
different folding ratios to different
parts<00:03:01.200> of<00:03:01.280> the<00:03:01.360> form<00:03:01.680> to<00:03:01.840> create<00:03:02.080> local
parts of the form to create local
parts of the form to create local
conditions
conditions
conditions
we<00:03:04.159> can<00:03:04.319> begin<00:03:04.560> to<00:03:04.720> sculpt<00:03:05.120> the<00:03:05.360> form
we can begin to sculpt the form
we can begin to sculpt the form
and<00:03:06.879> because<00:03:07.200> we're<00:03:07.360> doing<00:03:07.599> the<00:03:07.680> folding<00:03:08.000> in
and because we're doing the folding in
and because we're doing the folding in
the<00:03:08.239> computer<00:03:08.800> we<00:03:09.040> are<00:03:09.280> completely<00:03:10.159> free<00:03:10.640> of
the computer we are completely free of
the computer we are completely free of
any<00:03:11.200> physical<00:03:11.680> constraints<00:03:12.640> so<00:03:12.800> that<00:03:12.959> means
any physical constraints so that means
any physical constraints so that means
that<00:03:13.360> surfaces<00:03:14.000> can<00:03:14.239> intersect<00:03:14.800> themselves
that surfaces can intersect themselves
that surfaces can intersect themselves
they<00:03:15.440> can<00:03:15.599> become<00:03:15.840> impossibly<00:03:16.480> small<00:03:17.200> we<00:03:17.360> can
they can become impossibly small we can
they can become impossibly small we can
make<00:03:17.760> fools<00:03:18.080> that<00:03:18.400> we<00:03:18.640> otherwise<00:03:19.120> could<00:03:19.360> not
make fools that we otherwise could not
make fools that we otherwise could not
make
make
make
surfaces<00:03:21.360> can<00:03:21.519> become<00:03:21.840> porous
surfaces can become porous
surfaces can become porous
they<00:03:23.519> can<00:03:23.760> stretch<00:03:24.159> they<00:03:24.319> can<00:03:24.560> tear
they can stretch they can tear
they can stretch they can tear
and<00:03:25.840> all<00:03:26.080> this<00:03:26.319> expands<00:03:26.799> the<00:03:26.879> scope<00:03:27.280> of<00:03:27.440> forms
and all this expands the scope of forms
and all this expands the scope of forms
that<00:03:27.840> we<00:03:28.000> can<00:03:28.159> produce
that we can produce
that we can produce
but<00:03:30.080> in<00:03:30.239> each<00:03:30.560> case<00:03:30.879> i<00:03:31.040> didn't<00:03:31.360> design<00:03:31.760> the
but in each case i didn't design the
but in each case i didn't design the
form<00:03:32.319> i<00:03:32.480> designed<00:03:32.959> the<00:03:33.120> process<00:03:33.599> that
form i designed the process that
form i designed the process that
generated<00:03:34.400> the<00:03:34.640> form
in<00:03:37.360> general<00:03:38.159> if<00:03:38.319> we<00:03:38.480> make<00:03:38.720> a<00:03:38.879> small<00:03:39.840> change<00:03:40.239> to
in general if we make a small change to
in general if we make a small change to
the<00:03:40.480> folding<00:03:40.959> ratio<00:03:41.519> which<00:03:41.760> is<00:03:41.840> what<00:03:42.000> you're
the folding ratio which is what you're
the folding ratio which is what you're
seeing<00:03:42.480> here<00:03:43.120> then<00:03:43.280> the<00:03:43.760> form
seeing here then the form
seeing here then the form
changes<00:03:45.200> correspondingly
changes correspondingly
changes correspondingly
but<00:03:47.680> that's<00:03:48.000> only<00:03:48.239> half<00:03:48.480> of<00:03:48.560> the<00:03:48.720> story
but that's only half of the story
but that's only half of the story
99.9<00:03:50.879> percent<00:03:51.280> of<00:03:51.360> the<00:03:51.440> folding<00:03:51.840> ratios
99.9 percent of the folding ratios
99.9 percent of the folding ratios
produce<00:03:52.720> not<00:03:52.959> this
produce not this
produce not this
but<00:03:54.400> this
but this
but this
the<00:03:55.920> geometric<00:03:56.480> equivalent<00:03:56.959> of<00:03:57.040> noise
the geometric equivalent of noise
the geometric equivalent of noise
the<00:03:58.560> forms<00:03:58.879> that<00:03:59.040> i<00:03:59.120> showed<00:03:59.360> before<00:03:59.599> were<00:03:59.760> made
the forms that i showed before were made
the forms that i showed before were made
actually<00:04:00.400> through<00:04:00.720> very<00:04:00.959> long<00:04:01.200> trial<00:04:01.519> and
actually through very long trial and
actually through very long trial and
error<00:04:02.319> a<00:04:02.480> far<00:04:02.720> more<00:04:02.879> effective<00:04:03.360> way<00:04:03.920> to<00:04:04.080> create
error a far more effective way to create
error a far more effective way to create
forms<00:04:04.799> i've<00:04:05.040> found<00:04:05.840> is<00:04:06.080> to<00:04:06.319> use<00:04:06.959> information
forms i've found is to use information
forms i've found is to use information
that<00:04:07.599> is<00:04:07.680> already<00:04:08.000> contained<00:04:08.480> in<00:04:08.720> forms<00:04:09.280> a
that is already contained in forms a
that is already contained in forms a
very<00:04:09.680> simple<00:04:10.000> form<00:04:10.319> such<00:04:10.560> as<00:04:10.640> this<00:04:10.879> one
very simple form such as this one
very simple form such as this one
actually<00:04:11.439> contains<00:04:11.920> a<00:04:12.000> lot<00:04:12.159> of<00:04:12.319> information
actually contains a lot of information
actually contains a lot of information
that<00:04:13.040> may<00:04:13.200> not<00:04:13.360> be<00:04:13.519> visible<00:04:14.239> to<00:04:14.400> the<00:04:14.480> human<00:04:14.879> eye
that may not be visible to the human eye
that may not be visible to the human eye
so<00:04:15.599> for<00:04:15.840> instance<00:04:16.239> we<00:04:16.320> can<00:04:16.560> plot<00:04:16.880> the<00:04:17.040> length
so for instance we can plot the length
so for instance we can plot the length
of<00:04:17.440> the<00:04:17.519> edges<00:04:18.400> white<00:04:18.720> surfaces<00:04:19.280> have<00:04:19.519> long
of the edges white surfaces have long
of the edges white surfaces have long
edges<00:04:20.079> black<00:04:20.320> ones<00:04:20.560> have<00:04:20.720> short<00:04:20.959> ones<00:04:21.280> we<00:04:21.359> can
edges black ones have short ones we can
edges black ones have short ones we can
plot<00:04:21.840> the<00:04:22.000> planarity<00:04:22.560> of<00:04:22.639> the<00:04:22.800> surfaces<00:04:23.680> their
plot the planarity of the surfaces their
plot the planarity of the surfaces their
curvature
curvature
curvature
how<00:04:25.759> radial<00:04:26.240> they<00:04:26.479> are<00:04:26.960> all<00:04:27.280> information<00:04:27.840> that
how radial they are all information that
how radial they are all information that
may<00:04:28.479> not<00:04:28.720> be
may not be
may not be
instantly<00:04:29.840> visible<00:04:30.320> to<00:04:30.479> you<00:04:30.960> but<00:04:31.120> that<00:04:31.280> we<00:04:31.440> can
instantly visible to you but that we can
instantly visible to you but that we can
bring<00:04:31.840> out<00:04:31.919> that<00:04:32.080> we<00:04:32.240> can<00:04:32.400> articulate
bring out that we can articulate
bring out that we can articulate
and<00:04:33.919> that<00:04:34.080> we<00:04:34.240> can<00:04:34.400> use<00:04:34.639> to<00:04:34.800> control<00:04:35.280> the
and that we can use to control the
and that we can use to control the
folding
folding
folding
so<00:04:36.639> now<00:04:36.880> i'm<00:04:37.040> not<00:04:37.360> specifying<00:04:38.160> a<00:04:38.320> single<00:04:39.120> ratio
so now i'm not specifying a single ratio
so now i'm not specifying a single ratio
anymore<00:04:40.000> to<00:04:40.160> fold<00:04:40.479> it<00:04:41.040> but<00:04:41.280> instead<00:04:42.000> i'm
anymore to fold it but instead i'm
anymore to fold it but instead i'm
establishing<00:04:42.800> a<00:04:42.880> rule<00:04:43.199> i'm<00:04:43.360> establishing<00:04:43.919> a
establishing a rule i'm establishing a
establishing a rule i'm establishing a
link<00:04:44.320> between<00:04:44.639> a<00:04:44.800> property<00:04:45.199> of<00:04:45.360> a<00:04:45.440> surface
link between a property of a surface
link between a property of a surface
and<00:04:46.720> how<00:04:46.960> that<00:04:47.199> surface<00:04:47.520> is<00:04:47.680> folded
and how that surface is folded
and how that surface is folded
and<00:04:49.360> because<00:04:49.600> i've<00:04:49.840> designed<00:04:50.160> the<00:04:50.320> process
and because i've designed the process
and because i've designed the process
and<00:04:50.960> not<00:04:51.120> the<00:04:51.280> form<00:04:51.600> i<00:04:51.680> can<00:04:51.840> run<00:04:52.000> the<00:04:52.160> process
and not the form i can run the process
and not the form i can run the process
again<00:04:53.040> and<00:04:53.199> again<00:04:53.600> and<00:04:53.759> again<00:04:54.400> to<00:04:54.560> produce<00:04:54.880> a
again and again and again to produce a
again and again and again to produce a
whole<00:04:55.280> family<00:04:55.680> of<00:04:55.840> forms
these<00:05:09.360> forms<00:05:09.840> look<00:05:10.240> elaborate<00:05:11.039> but<00:05:11.199> the
these forms look elaborate but the
these forms look elaborate but the
process<00:05:11.840> is<00:05:11.919> a<00:05:12.000> very<00:05:12.240> minimal<00:05:12.639> one<00:05:13.039> there's<00:05:13.360> a
process is a very minimal one there's a
process is a very minimal one there's a
simple<00:05:13.840> input<00:05:14.320> it's<00:05:14.639> always<00:05:14.960> a<00:05:15.039> cube<00:05:15.440> that<00:05:15.600> i
simple input it's always a cube that i
simple input it's always a cube that i
start<00:05:16.000> with<00:05:16.479> and<00:05:16.639> it's<00:05:16.800> a<00:05:16.880> very<00:05:17.120> simple
start with and it's a very simple
start with and it's a very simple
operation<00:05:18.479> it's<00:05:18.800> making<00:05:19.440> a<00:05:19.600> fold
operation it's making a fold
operation it's making a fold
and<00:05:20.800> doing<00:05:21.039> this<00:05:21.520> over<00:05:21.759> and<00:05:21.919> over<00:05:22.160> again
and doing this over and over again
and doing this over and over again
so<00:05:23.919> let's<00:05:24.160> bring<00:05:24.320> this<00:05:24.560> process<00:05:24.880> to
so let's bring this process to
so let's bring this process to
architecture<00:05:26.080> how<00:05:26.400> and<00:05:26.560> at<00:05:26.639> what<00:05:26.880> scale
architecture how and at what scale
architecture how and at what scale
i<00:05:28.080> chose<00:05:28.320> to<00:05:28.479> design<00:05:28.800> a<00:05:28.960> column
i chose to design a column
i chose to design a column
columns<00:05:30.880> are<00:05:31.280> architectural<00:05:32.080> archetypes
columns are architectural archetypes
columns are architectural archetypes
they've<00:05:33.680> been<00:05:33.840> used<00:05:34.080> throughout<00:05:34.479> history<00:05:34.880> to
they've been used throughout history to
they've been used throughout history to
express<00:05:35.520> ideals
express ideals
express ideals
about<00:05:37.120> about<00:05:37.440> beauty<00:05:38.320> about<00:05:38.800> technology
about about beauty about technology
about about beauty about technology
the<00:05:41.039> challenge<00:05:41.360> to<00:05:41.520> me<00:05:41.680> was<00:05:42.000> how<00:05:42.160> we<00:05:42.320> could
the challenge to me was how we could
the challenge to me was how we could
express<00:05:42.880> this<00:05:43.120> new<00:05:43.600> algorithmic<00:05:44.479> order<00:05:45.039> in<00:05:45.199> a
express this new algorithmic order in a
express this new algorithmic order in a
column
column
column
i<00:05:46.960> started<00:05:47.759> using<00:05:48.160> four<00:05:48.479> cylinders<00:05:49.440> through<00:05:50.160> a
i started using four cylinders through a
i started using four cylinders through a
lot<00:05:50.560> of<00:05:50.720> experimentation<00:05:52.080> these<00:05:52.479> cylinders
lot of experimentation these cylinders
lot of experimentation these cylinders
eventually<00:05:53.759> evolved
eventually evolved
eventually evolved
into<00:05:55.680> this
into this
into this
and<00:05:57.280> these<00:05:57.520> columns<00:05:58.240> they<00:05:58.400> have<00:05:58.639> information
and these columns they have information
and these columns they have information
at<00:05:59.360> very<00:05:59.600> many<00:05:59.840> scales
at very many scales
at very many scales
we<00:06:01.199> can<00:06:01.280> begin<00:06:01.600> to<00:06:01.759> zoom<00:06:02.080> into<00:06:02.319> them
we can begin to zoom into them
we can begin to zoom into them
the<00:06:03.600> closer<00:06:03.919> one<00:06:04.160> gets<00:06:04.400> the<00:06:04.560> more<00:06:04.800> new
the closer one gets the more new
the closer one gets the more new
features<00:06:05.440> one<00:06:05.600> discovers
features one discovers
features one discovers
some<00:06:07.120> formations<00:06:07.759> are<00:06:07.840> almost<00:06:08.160> at<00:06:08.240> the
some formations are almost at the
some formations are almost at the
threshold<00:06:08.880> of<00:06:08.960> human<00:06:09.280> visibility
threshold of human visibility
threshold of human visibility
and<00:06:10.960> unlike<00:06:11.360> traditional<00:06:11.840> architecture<00:06:12.479> it's
and unlike traditional architecture it's
and unlike traditional architecture it's
a<00:06:12.720> single<00:06:13.039> process<00:06:13.520> that<00:06:13.680> creates<00:06:14.000> both<00:06:14.240> the
a single process that creates both the
a single process that creates both the
overall<00:06:14.960> form<00:06:15.600> and<00:06:15.840> the<00:06:16.000> microscopic<00:06:16.960> surface
overall form and the microscopic surface
overall form and the microscopic surface
detail
these<00:06:20.960> forms<00:06:21.600> are
these forms are
these forms are
undrawable
undrawable
undrawable
an<00:06:23.919> architect<00:06:24.479> who's<00:06:25.120> drawing<00:06:25.440> them<00:06:25.600> with<00:06:25.759> a
an architect who's drawing them with a
an architect who's drawing them with a
pen<00:06:26.160> and<00:06:26.240> a<00:06:26.319> paper<00:06:26.960> would<00:06:27.360> probably<00:06:27.680> take
pen and a paper would probably take
pen and a paper would probably take
months<00:06:28.240> or<00:06:28.400> it<00:06:28.479> would<00:06:28.560> take<00:06:28.880> even<00:06:29.120> a<00:06:29.199> year<00:06:29.440> to
months or it would take even a year to
months or it would take even a year to
draw<00:06:29.919> all<00:06:30.000> the<00:06:30.160> sections<00:06:30.639> all<00:06:30.800> of<00:06:30.880> the
draw all the sections all of the
draw all the sections all of the
elevations<00:06:31.520> you<00:06:31.600> can<00:06:31.840> only<00:06:32.080> create<00:06:32.400> something
elevations you can only create something
elevations you can only create something
like<00:06:32.960> this<00:06:33.440> through<00:06:33.680> an<00:06:33.840> algorithm
like this through an algorithm
like this through an algorithm
the<00:06:35.360> more<00:06:35.600> interesting<00:06:36.080> question<00:06:36.479> perhaps<00:06:36.960> is
the more interesting question perhaps is
the more interesting question perhaps is
are<00:06:37.680> these<00:06:37.919> forms<00:06:38.400> imaginable
are these forms imaginable
are these forms imaginable
usually<00:06:40.240> an<00:06:40.400> architect<00:06:40.880> can<00:06:41.039> somehow
usually an architect can somehow
usually an architect can somehow
envision<00:06:41.840> the<00:06:42.000> end<00:06:42.319> state<00:06:42.720> of<00:06:42.880> what<00:06:43.039> he<00:06:43.199> is
envision the end state of what he is
envision the end state of what he is
designing
designing
designing
in<00:06:44.960> this<00:06:45.199> case<00:06:45.520> the<00:06:45.759> process<00:06:46.160> is
in this case the process is
in this case the process is
deterministic<00:06:47.120> there's<00:06:47.360> no<00:06:47.600> randomness
deterministic there's no randomness
deterministic there's no randomness
involved<00:06:48.880> at<00:06:49.039> all
involved at all
involved at all
but<00:06:50.000> it's<00:06:50.240> not<00:06:50.479> entirely<00:06:50.960> predictable
but it's not entirely predictable
but it's not entirely predictable
there's<00:06:51.919> too<00:06:52.240> many<00:06:52.560> surfaces
there's too many surfaces
there's too many surfaces
there's<00:06:54.000> too<00:06:54.240> much<00:06:54.560> detail<00:06:54.960> one<00:06:55.280> can't<00:06:55.599> see
there's too much detail one can't see
there's too much detail one can't see
the<00:06:55.919> end<00:06:56.080> state
the end state
the end state
so<00:06:57.199> this<00:06:57.440> leads<00:06:57.680> to<00:06:57.759> a<00:06:57.840> new<00:06:58.000> role<00:06:58.240> for<00:06:58.400> the
so this leads to a new role for the
so this leads to a new role for the
architect
architect
architect
one<00:07:00.560> needs<00:07:00.800> a<00:07:00.960> new<00:07:01.280> method<00:07:01.680> to<00:07:01.919> explore<00:07:02.400> all<00:07:02.560> of
one needs a new method to explore all of
one needs a new method to explore all of
the<00:07:02.800> possibilities<00:07:03.840> that<00:07:04.000> are<00:07:04.160> out<00:07:04.319> there
the possibilities that are out there
the possibilities that are out there
for<00:07:05.599> one<00:07:05.840> thing
for one thing
for one thing
one<00:07:06.880> can<00:07:07.039> design<00:07:07.360> many<00:07:07.599> variants<00:07:08.160> of<00:07:08.319> the<00:07:08.400> form
one can design many variants of the form
one can design many variants of the form
in<00:07:08.880> parallel<00:07:09.360> and<00:07:09.440> one<00:07:09.599> can<00:07:09.840> cultivate<00:07:10.400> them
in parallel and one can cultivate them
in parallel and one can cultivate them
and<00:07:10.960> to<00:07:11.120> go<00:07:11.280> back<00:07:11.440> to<00:07:11.599> the<00:07:11.680> analogy<00:07:12.319> with
and to go back to the analogy with
and to go back to the analogy with
nature<00:07:13.039> one<00:07:13.199> can<00:07:13.360> begin<00:07:13.599> to<00:07:13.759> think<00:07:14.000> in<00:07:14.080> terms
nature one can begin to think in terms
nature one can begin to think in terms
of<00:07:14.800> populations<00:07:15.680> one<00:07:15.919> can<00:07:16.240> talk<00:07:16.560> about
of populations one can talk about
of populations one can talk about
permutations<00:07:18.080> about<00:07:18.400> generations
permutations about generations
permutations about generations
about<00:07:20.160> crossing<00:07:20.800> and<00:07:21.039> breeding<00:07:21.520> to<00:07:21.680> come<00:07:21.919> up
about crossing and breeding to come up
about crossing and breeding to come up
with<00:07:22.240> a<00:07:22.319> design
with a design
with a design
and<00:07:24.000> the<00:07:24.240> architect<00:07:24.800> is<00:07:24.880> really<00:07:25.360> he<00:07:25.520> moves
and the architect is really he moves
and the architect is really he moves
into<00:07:26.000> the<00:07:26.080> position<00:07:26.479> of<00:07:26.560> being<00:07:26.800> an
into the position of being an
into the position of being an
orchestrator<00:07:27.759> of<00:07:27.919> all<00:07:28.080> of<00:07:28.160> these<00:07:28.400> processes
orchestrator of all of these processes
orchestrator of all of these processes
but<00:07:30.960> enough<00:07:31.280> of<00:07:31.360> the<00:07:31.520> theory<00:07:32.000> at<00:07:32.400> one<00:07:32.720> point<00:07:33.039> i
but enough of the theory at one point i
but enough of the theory at one point i
i<00:07:33.440> simply<00:07:33.759> wanted<00:07:34.000> to<00:07:34.160> jump<00:07:34.400> inside<00:07:35.280> this
i simply wanted to jump inside this
i simply wanted to jump inside this
image<00:07:36.000> so<00:07:36.160> to<00:07:36.319> say<00:07:36.479> i<00:07:36.639> bought<00:07:36.960> these
image so to say i bought these
image so to say i bought these
red<00:07:38.160> and<00:07:38.400> blue<00:07:38.880> 3d<00:07:39.280> glasses<00:07:40.160> kind<00:07:40.400> of<00:07:40.479> very
red and blue 3d glasses kind of very
red and blue 3d glasses kind of very
close<00:07:40.880> to<00:07:41.039> the<00:07:41.120> screen<00:07:41.520> but<00:07:41.680> but<00:07:41.840> still<00:07:42.080> that
close to the screen but but still that
close to the screen but but still that
wasn't<00:07:42.479> the<00:07:42.560> same<00:07:42.800> as<00:07:42.880> being<00:07:43.120> able<00:07:43.280> to<00:07:43.280> to<00:07:44.000> to
wasn't the same as being able to to to
wasn't the same as being able to to to
walk<00:07:44.639> around<00:07:44.960> and<00:07:45.039> touch<00:07:45.360> things<00:07:45.919> so<00:07:46.080> there
walk around and touch things so there
walk around and touch things so there
was<00:07:46.479> only<00:07:46.720> one<00:07:46.960> possibility<00:07:47.599> to<00:07:47.759> to<00:07:47.919> bring<00:07:48.240> the
was only one possibility to to bring the
was only one possibility to to bring the
column<00:07:48.960> out<00:07:49.360> of<00:07:49.520> the<00:07:49.680> computer
column out of the computer
column out of the computer
there's<00:07:50.960> been<00:07:51.199> a<00:07:51.280> lot<00:07:51.440> of<00:07:51.599> talk<00:07:51.840> now<00:07:52.080> about
there's been a lot of talk now about
there's been a lot of talk now about
about<00:07:52.639> 3d<00:07:53.039> printing
about 3d printing
about 3d printing
for<00:07:54.240> for<00:07:54.400> me<00:07:54.639> or<00:07:54.800> for<00:07:55.039> for<00:07:55.199> my<00:07:55.440> purpose<00:07:55.840> at<00:07:56.000> this
for for me or for for my purpose at this
for for me or for for my purpose at this
moment<00:07:56.879> it's
moment it's
moment it's
there's<00:07:57.840> still<00:07:58.160> too<00:07:58.319> much<00:07:58.479> of<00:07:58.639> an<00:07:58.800> unfavorable
there's still too much of an unfavorable
there's still too much of an unfavorable
trade-off<00:07:59.840> between<00:08:00.240> scale
trade-off between scale
trade-off between scale
and<00:08:01.840> um<00:08:02.400> on<00:08:02.720> the<00:08:02.800> one<00:08:03.039> hand<00:08:03.440> and<00:08:03.680> and
and um on the one hand and and
and um on the one hand and and
resolution<00:08:04.879> and<00:08:05.039> speed<00:08:05.680> on<00:08:05.840> the<00:08:06.000> other
resolution and speed on the other
resolution and speed on the other
so<00:08:07.199> instead<00:08:07.520> we<00:08:07.680> decided<00:08:08.000> to<00:08:08.160> take<00:08:08.319> the<00:08:08.479> column
so instead we decided to take the column
so instead we decided to take the column
and<00:08:09.280> we<00:08:09.440> decided<00:08:09.759> to<00:08:09.919> build<00:08:10.160> as<00:08:10.319> a<00:08:10.400> layered
and we decided to build as a layered
and we decided to build as a layered
model<00:08:11.120> made<00:08:11.440> out<00:08:11.520> of<00:08:11.599> very<00:08:11.919> many<00:08:12.400> slices
model made out of very many slices
model made out of very many slices
thinly<00:08:13.680> stacked<00:08:14.160> over<00:08:14.479> each<00:08:14.639> other<00:08:15.440> what
thinly stacked over each other what
thinly stacked over each other what
you're<00:08:15.759> looking<00:08:16.080> at<00:08:16.240> here<00:08:16.400> is<00:08:16.560> an<00:08:16.800> x-ray<00:08:17.440> of
you're looking at here is an x-ray of
you're looking at here is an x-ray of
the<00:08:17.680> column<00:08:18.080> that<00:08:18.240> you<00:08:18.400> just<00:08:18.560> saw<00:08:19.120> viewed<00:08:19.440> from
the column that you just saw viewed from
the column that you just saw viewed from
the<00:08:19.759> top
the top
the top
unbeknownst<00:08:21.199> to<00:08:21.360> me<00:08:21.599> at<00:08:21.680> the<00:08:21.840> time
unbeknownst to me at the time
unbeknownst to me at the time
because<00:08:23.039> we<00:08:23.199> had<00:08:23.280> only<00:08:23.520> seen<00:08:23.759> the<00:08:23.919> outside<00:08:24.479> the
because we had only seen the outside the
because we had only seen the outside the
surfaces<00:08:25.039> were<00:08:25.280> continuing<00:08:25.680> to<00:08:25.919> fold
surfaces were continuing to fold
surfaces were continuing to fold
themselves<00:08:26.639> to<00:08:26.800> grow<00:08:27.199> on<00:08:27.520> the<00:08:27.680> inside<00:08:28.000> of<00:08:28.160> the
themselves to grow on the inside of the
themselves to grow on the inside of the
column
column
column
which<00:08:29.599> was<00:08:29.840> quite<00:08:30.000> surprising<00:08:30.720> discovery
which was quite surprising discovery
which was quite surprising discovery
from<00:08:32.560> this<00:08:32.880> shape<00:08:33.200> we<00:08:33.519> calculated<00:08:34.080> a<00:08:34.240> cutting
from this shape we calculated a cutting
from this shape we calculated a cutting
line
line
line
and<00:08:35.599> then<00:08:35.839> we<00:08:36.000> gave<00:08:36.240> this<00:08:36.560> cutting<00:08:36.880> line<00:08:37.200> to<00:08:37.360> a
and then we gave this cutting line to a
and then we gave this cutting line to a
laser<00:08:37.839> cutter
laser cutter
laser cutter
to<00:08:39.519> produce<00:08:40.240> and<00:08:40.320> you're<00:08:40.560> seeing<00:08:40.800> a<00:08:40.880> segment
to produce and you're seeing a segment
to produce and you're seeing a segment
of<00:08:41.440> it<00:08:41.599> here
of it here
of it here
very<00:08:42.880> many<00:08:43.279> thin<00:08:43.599> slices<00:08:44.240> individually<00:08:44.880> cut
very many thin slices individually cut
very many thin slices individually cut
on<00:08:45.519> top<00:08:45.760> of<00:08:45.839> each<00:08:46.080> other
and<00:08:49.200> this<00:08:49.360> is<00:08:49.519> a<00:08:49.600> photo<00:08:50.000> now<00:08:50.399> it's<00:08:50.640> it's<00:08:50.880> not<00:08:51.040> a
and this is a photo now it's it's not a
and this is a photo now it's it's not a
rendering<00:08:52.000> and<00:08:52.160> the<00:08:52.320> column<00:08:52.640> that<00:08:52.800> we<00:08:52.880> ended
rendering and the column that we ended
rendering and the column that we ended
up<00:08:53.279> with<00:08:53.680> after<00:08:53.920> a<00:08:54.000> lot<00:08:54.160> of<00:08:54.320> work<00:08:54.800> ended<00:08:55.040> up
up with after a lot of work ended up
up with after a lot of work ended up
looking<00:08:55.519> remarkably<00:08:56.160> like<00:08:56.320> the<00:08:56.480> one<00:08:56.800> that<00:08:56.959> we
looking remarkably like the one that we
looking remarkably like the one that we
had<00:08:57.440> designed<00:08:58.160> in<00:08:58.560> the<00:08:58.720> computer
had designed in the computer
had designed in the computer
almost<00:09:00.560> all<00:09:00.720> of<00:09:00.800> the<00:09:00.959> details<00:09:01.519> almost<00:09:01.839> all<00:09:02.080> of
almost all of the details almost all of
almost all of the details almost all of
the<00:09:02.720> surface<00:09:03.120> intricacies<00:09:04.160> were<00:09:04.800> preserved
it<00:09:08.560> was<00:09:08.800> very<00:09:09.040> labor-intensive
it was very labor-intensive
it was very labor-intensive
there's<00:09:10.800> a<00:09:10.880> huge<00:09:11.200> disconnect<00:09:11.920> at<00:09:12.000> the<00:09:12.080> moment
there's a huge disconnect at the moment
there's a huge disconnect at the moment
still<00:09:13.120> between<00:09:13.440> the<00:09:13.600> virtual
still between the virtual
still between the virtual
and<00:09:14.800> the<00:09:14.959> physical<00:09:15.920> it<00:09:16.080> took<00:09:16.240> me<00:09:16.480> several
and the physical it took me several
and the physical it took me several
months<00:09:16.959> to<00:09:17.120> design<00:09:17.360> the<00:09:17.519> column<00:09:17.760> but
months to design the column but
months to design the column but
ultimately<00:09:18.480> it<00:09:18.560> takes<00:09:18.800> the<00:09:18.880> computer<00:09:19.519> about
ultimately it takes the computer about
ultimately it takes the computer about
30<00:09:20.240> seconds<00:09:20.640> to<00:09:20.800> calculate<00:09:21.360> all<00:09:21.519> of<00:09:21.600> the<00:09:21.680> 16
30 seconds to calculate all of the 16
30 seconds to calculate all of the 16
million<00:09:22.480> faces
million faces
million faces
the<00:09:23.760> physical<00:09:24.160> model<00:09:24.560> on<00:09:24.640> the<00:09:24.720> other<00:09:24.959> hand<00:09:25.600> is
the physical model on the other hand is
the physical model on the other hand is
2<00:09:26.720> 700<00:09:27.600> layers<00:09:28.240> one<00:09:28.399> millimeter<00:09:28.959> thick<00:09:29.600> it
2 700 layers one millimeter thick it
2 700 layers one millimeter thick it
weighs<00:09:30.080> 700<00:09:30.720> kilos<00:09:31.600> it's<00:09:31.839> made<00:09:32.080> of<00:09:32.240> sheet<00:09:32.720> that
weighs 700 kilos it's made of sheet that
weighs 700 kilos it's made of sheet that
that<00:09:33.120> can<00:09:33.360> cover<00:09:33.839> this<00:09:34.080> entire<00:09:34.839> auditorium
that can cover this entire auditorium
that can cover this entire auditorium
and<00:09:36.320> the<00:09:36.399> cutting<00:09:36.720> path<00:09:37.040> that<00:09:37.120> the<00:09:37.200> laser
and the cutting path that the laser
and the cutting path that the laser
followed<00:09:38.240> goes<00:09:38.480> from<00:09:38.640> here
followed goes from here
followed goes from here
to<00:09:39.680> the<00:09:39.839> airport<00:09:40.560> and<00:09:41.120> back<00:09:41.279> again
to the airport and back again
to the airport and back again
but<00:09:43.440> it<00:09:43.600> is<00:09:43.839> increasingly<00:09:44.480> possible<00:09:44.880> machines
but it is increasingly possible machines
but it is increasingly possible machines
are<00:09:45.360> getting<00:09:45.680> faster<00:09:46.080> it's<00:09:46.240> getting<00:09:46.640> less
are getting faster it's getting less
are getting faster it's getting less
expensive<00:09:47.440> and<00:09:47.600> there's<00:09:47.839> some<00:09:48.160> promising
expensive and there's some promising
expensive and there's some promising
technological<00:09:49.600> developments<00:09:50.240> just<00:09:50.560> on<00:09:50.640> the
technological developments just on the
technological developments just on the
horizon
horizon
horizon
these<00:09:52.480> are<00:09:52.640> images<00:09:53.040> from<00:09:53.440> the<00:09:53.680> guangzhou
these are images from the guangzhou
these are images from the guangzhou
biennale<00:09:54.880> and<00:09:55.040> in<00:09:55.120> this<00:09:55.279> case<00:09:55.519> i<00:09:55.680> used<00:09:56.000> abs
biennale and in this case i used abs
biennale and in this case i used abs
plastic<00:09:57.200> to<00:09:57.440> produce<00:09:57.760> the<00:09:57.920> columns<00:09:58.880> we<00:09:59.040> used<00:09:59.200> a
plastic to produce the columns we used a
plastic to produce the columns we used a
bigger<00:09:59.600> faster<00:10:00.000> machine<00:10:00.640> and<00:10:00.720> they<00:10:00.880> have<00:10:01.040> a
bigger faster machine and they have a
bigger faster machine and they have a
steel<00:10:01.519> core<00:10:01.760> inside<00:10:02.240> so<00:10:02.480> they're<00:10:02.959> structural
steel core inside so they're structural
steel core inside so they're structural
they<00:10:03.760> can<00:10:03.920> bear<00:10:04.240> loads<00:10:04.640> for<00:10:04.880> once
they can bear loads for once
they can bear loads for once
each<00:10:06.480> column<00:10:06.800> is<00:10:06.880> effectively<00:10:07.279> a<00:10:07.360> hybrid<00:10:07.760> of
each column is effectively a hybrid of
each column is effectively a hybrid of
two<00:10:08.079> columns<00:10:08.959> um<00:10:09.200> you<00:10:09.360> can<00:10:09.519> see<00:10:09.680> a<00:10:09.760> different
two columns um you can see a different
two columns um you can see a different
column<00:10:11.279> in<00:10:11.360> the<00:10:11.519> mirror<00:10:12.160> if<00:10:12.320> there's<00:10:12.480> a<00:10:12.560> mirror
column in the mirror if there's a mirror
column in the mirror if there's a mirror
behind<00:10:13.200> the<00:10:13.279> column<00:10:13.600> that<00:10:13.760> creates<00:10:14.079> a<00:10:14.160> sort<00:10:14.320> of
behind the column that creates a sort of
behind the column that creates a sort of
an<00:10:14.560> optical<00:10:14.880> illusion
an optical illusion
an optical illusion
so<00:10:17.440> where<00:10:17.680> does<00:10:17.839> this<00:10:18.000> leave<00:10:18.240> us<00:10:18.640> i<00:10:18.800> think<00:10:19.040> this
so where does this leave us i think this
so where does this leave us i think this
project<00:10:20.000> gives<00:10:20.240> us<00:10:20.399> a<00:10:20.560> glimpse<00:10:21.040> of<00:10:21.120> the<00:10:21.279> unseen
project gives us a glimpse of the unseen
project gives us a glimpse of the unseen
objects<00:10:22.560> that<00:10:22.720> await<00:10:23.120> us<00:10:23.360> if<00:10:23.519> we<00:10:23.680> as
objects that await us if we as
objects that await us if we as
architects<00:10:24.880> begin<00:10:25.120> to<00:10:25.279> think<00:10:25.519> about
architects begin to think about
architects begin to think about
designing<00:10:26.240> not<00:10:26.480> the<00:10:26.720> object<00:10:27.360> but<00:10:27.519> a<00:10:27.680> process
designing not the object but a process
designing not the object but a process
to<00:10:28.800> generate<00:10:29.360> objects
to generate objects
to generate objects
i've<00:10:30.800> shown<00:10:31.200> one<00:10:31.519> simple<00:10:31.920> process<00:10:32.320> that<00:10:32.480> was
i've shown one simple process that was
i've shown one simple process that was
inspired<00:10:33.120> by<00:10:33.279> nature<00:10:34.160> there<00:10:34.399> there's
inspired by nature there there's
inspired by nature there there's
countless<00:10:35.360> other<00:10:35.600> ones
countless other ones
countless other ones
in<00:10:37.200> short<00:10:37.839> we<00:10:38.160> have<00:10:38.720> no<00:10:38.959> constraints
in short we have no constraints
in short we have no constraints
um<00:10:40.640> instead<00:10:40.959> we<00:10:41.120> have<00:10:41.279> processes<00:10:42.079> in<00:10:42.320> our
um instead we have processes in our
um instead we have processes in our
hands<00:10:43.120> right<00:10:43.360> now<00:10:44.079> that<00:10:44.399> allow<00:10:44.720> us<00:10:44.880> to<00:10:45.040> create
hands right now that allow us to create
hands right now that allow us to create
structures<00:10:47.120> at<00:10:47.519> all<00:10:47.760> scales<00:10:48.640> that<00:10:48.800> we
structures at all scales that we
structures at all scales that we
couldn't<00:10:49.440> even<00:10:49.680> have<00:10:49.920> dreamt<00:10:50.240> up
couldn't even have dreamt up
couldn't even have dreamt up
and<00:10:51.839> if<00:10:52.000> i<00:10:52.079> may<00:10:52.320> add<00:10:52.959> at<00:10:53.120> one<00:10:53.360> point<00:10:54.079> we<00:10:54.320> will
and if i may add at one point we will
and if i may add at one point we will
build<00:10:54.959> them
build them
build them
thank<00:10:56.000> you
you
Michael Hansmeyer, architecture, cell, cell, division, shape, design, TED, TED, Ed, TEDEducation, TED-Ed
